Crop Production Publication

0039 - Crop Production - Publication - June 10 2016.pdf

Fruit, Nuts, and Specialty Crops

Crop Production Publication

OMB: 0535-0039

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Crop Production
ISSN: 1936-3737

Released June 10, 2016, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).

Winter Wheat Production Up 6 Percent from May
Orange Production Up Slightly from May
Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.51 billion bushels, up 6 percent from the May 1 forecast and up 10 percent from
2015. Based on June 1 conditions, the United States yield is forecast at 50.5 bushels per acre, up 2.7 bushel from last
month and up 8 bushels from last year. If realized, this will be the highest yield on record for the United States.
Hard Red Winter production, at 938 million bushels, is up 9 percent from last month. Soft Red Winter, at 355 million
bushels, is down less than 1 percent from the May forecast. White Winter, at 214 million bushels, is up 3 percent from last
month. Of the White Winter production, 19.0 million bushels are Hard White and 195 million bushels are Soft White.
The United States all orange forecast for the 2015-2016 season is 5.83 million tons, up slightly from the previous
forecast but down 8 percent from the 2014-2015 final utilization. The Florida all orange forecast, at 81.4 million boxes
(3.66 million tons), is up slightly from last month’s forecast but down 16 percent from last season’s final utilization.
Early, midseason, and Navel varieties in Florida are forecast at 36.1 million boxes (1.63 million tons), unchanged from
last month but down 24 percent from last season’s final utilization. The Florida Valencia orange forecast, at
45.3 million boxes (2.04 million tons), is up 1 percent from last month but down 9 percent from last season’s final
utilization.
Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield forecast for the 2015-2016 season is final at
1.41 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix, unchanged from the previous month’s forecast but down 6 percent from last
season’s final yield of 1.50 gallons per box. The early and midseason portion is final at 1.35 gallons per box,
down 5 percent from last season’s final yield of 1.42 gallons per box. The Valencia portion is final at
1.47 gallons per box, down 1 percent from the previous forecast and down 7 percent from last year’s final yield of
1.58 gallons per box. All projections of yield assume the processing relationships this season will be similar to those of
the past several seasons.

This report was approved on June 10, 2016.

Secretary of Agriculture
Designate
Alexis M. Taylor

Agricultural Statistics Board
Acting Chairperson
Hubert Hamer

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Contents
Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted
June 1, 2016 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 5
Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted
June 1, 2016 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 6
Wheat Production by Class – United States: 2015 and Forecasted June 1, 2016 ................................................................... 6
Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop – States and United States: 2014-2015 and Forecasted
June 1, 2016 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 7
Hops Area Harvested by Variety – States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted June 1, 2016 ......................................... 8
Sugarbeet Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2014-2015 .............................. 10
Sugarcane Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2014 and 2015 .......................................... 11
Sweet Potato Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2014 and 2015 .................. 12
Miscellaneous Fruits Production by Crop – California: 2015 and Forecasted June 1, 2016 ................................................ 12
Maple Syrup Taps, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2014-2016 .............................................................. 13
Maple Syrup Price and Value – States and United States: 2014-2016 ................................................................................. 13
Maple Syrup Season – States and United States: 2014-2016................................................................................................ 14
Maple Syrup Average Open and Close Season Dates – States and United States: 2014-2016 ............................................ 14
Maple Syrup Price by Type of Sale and Size of Container – States: 2014 and 2015 ........................................................... 15
Maple Syrup Bulk Price – States: 2014 and 2015................................................................................................................. 15
Maple Syrup Percent of Sales by Type – States: 2014 and 2015.......................................................................................... 15
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2015 and 2016 ................... 16
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States: 2015 and 2016 ....................... 18
Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2015 and 2016 .................................................................. 20
Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units – United States: 2015 and 2016 ....................................................................... 21
Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab – United States: 2012-2016 ............................... 22
Percent of Normal Precipitation Map ................................................................................................................................... 23
Departure of Average Temperature from Normal Map ........................................................................................................ 23
May Weather Summary ........................................................................................................................................................ 24
May Agricultural Summary .................................................................................................................................................. 24
Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Comments .................................................................................................................................................................... 27
Statistical Methodology......................................................................................................................................................... 30
Information Contacts ............................................................................................................................................................. 32

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted
June 1, 2016
Area harvested
State

Yield per acre

2015

2016

2015
(bushels)

Production

2016
May 1

June 1

(bushels)

2015

2016

(1,000 bushels)

(1,000 acres)

Arkansas ........................
California ........................
Colorado .........................
Idaho ..............................
Illinois .............................
Indiana ...........................
Kansas ...........................
Kentucky .........................
Maryland .........................
Michigan .........................

240
150
2,140
700
520
260
8,700
440
270
475

150
200
1,950
700
520
320
8,200
410
250
560

56.0
70.0
37.0
82.0
65.0
68.0
37.0
73.0
64.0
81.0

53.0
78.0
38.0
84.0
68.0
73.0
43.0
74.0
70.0
84.0

53.0
73.0
42.0
84.0
68.0
73.0
48.0
72.0
69.0
82.0

13,440
10,500
79,180
57,400
33,800
17,680
321,900
32,120
17,280
38,475

7,950
14,600
81,900
58,800
35,360
23,360
393,600
29,520
17,250
45,920

Mississippi ......................
Missouri ..........................
Montana .........................
Nebraska ........................
North Carolina ................
North Dakota ..................
Ohio ................................
Oklahoma .......................
Oregon ...........................
South Dakota ..................

120
610
2,220
1,210
570
190
480
3,800
735
970

70
580
2,100
1,250
410
130
550
3,300
675
1,050

48.0
53.0
41.0
38.0
53.0
44.0
67.0
26.0
47.0
44.0

55.0
59.0
41.0
49.0
51.0
50.0
74.0
32.0
57.0
52.0

58.0
57.0
45.0
50.0
52.0
56.0
75.0
35.0
63.0
55.0

5,760
32,330
91,020
45,980
30,210
8,360
32,160
98,800
34,545
42,680

4,060
33,060
94,500
62,500
21,320
7,280
41,250
115,500
42,525
57,750

Tennessee ......................
Texas .............................
Virginia ...........................
Washington ....................
Wisconsin .......................

395
3,550
210
1,590
210

380
2,800
185
1,650
270

68.0
30.0
66.0
56.0
74.0

72.0
30.0
63.0
64.0
76.0

71.0
32.0
63.0
65.0
76.0

26,860
106,500
13,860
89,040
15,540

26,980
89,600
11,655
107,250
20,520

Other States 1 .................

1,502

1,171

49.8

53.9

53.5

74,768

62,616

United States ..................

32,257

29,831

42.5

47.8

50.5

1,370,188

1,506,626

Other States include Alabama, Arizona, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Louisiana, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York,
Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Small Grains 2016
Summary.

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted
June 1, 2016
Area harvested
State

Yield per acre

2015

2016

(1,000 acres)

2015
(bushels)
101.0
103.0
31.0
39.5

May 1

June 1

(bushels)

106.0
111.0

107.0
104.0

2015

2016

(1,000 bushels)

14,140
6,180
18,755
42,463

9,523
5,720

Arizona ........................
California .....................
Montana .......................
North Dakota ................

140
60
605
1,075

Other States 1 ..............

59.1

946

United States ...............

1,896

43.5

82,484

89
55

Production
2016

Other States include Idaho and South Dakota. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Small Grains 2016 Summary.

Wheat Production by Class – United States: 2015 and Forecasted June 1, 2016
[Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both surveys and administrative data. The previous end-of-year season class
percentages are used throughout the forecast season for States that do not have survey or administrative data available]
Crop

2015

2016

(1,000 bushels)

Winter
Hard red ....................................
Soft red .....................................
Hard white .................................
Soft white ..................................

826,913
359,055
15,914
168,306

Spring
Hard red ....................................
Hard white .................................
Soft white ..................................
Durum .......................................

564,107
5,526
29,447
82,484

Total .........................................

2,051,752

937,655
354,605
18,972
195,394

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop – States and United States: 2014-2015 and
Forecasted June 1, 2016
[The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year]
Crop and State

Utilized production boxes 1

Utilized production ton equivalent

2014-2015

2015-2016

2014-2015

2015-2016

(1,000 boxes)

(1,000 tons)

Oranges
California, all 2 ......................................
Early, mid, and Navel 2 3 .....................
Valencia 2 ...........................................

48,600
39,100
9,500

52,500
42,000
10,500

1,944
1,564
380

2,100
1,680
420

Florida, all .............................................
Early, mid, and Navel 3 .......................
Valencia ..............................................

96,950
47,400
49,550

81,400
36,100
45,300

4,363
2,133
2,230

3,664
1,625
2,039

Texas, all 2 ............................................
Early, mid, and Navel 2 3 .....................
Valencia 2 ...........................................

1,452
1,170
282

1,570
1,350
220

62
50
12

66
57
9

United States, all ..................................
Early, mid, and Navel 3 .......................
Valencia ..............................................

147,002
87,670
59,332

135,470
79,450
56,020

6,369
3,747
2,622

5,830
3,362
2,468

Grapefruit
California 2 ............................................
Florida, all .............................................
Red .....................................................
White ..................................................
Texas 2 .................................................

4,300
12,900
9,650
3,250
4,250

3,900
10,850
8,350
2,500
5,200

172
548
410
138
170

156
461
355
106
208

United States ........................................

21,450

19,950

890

825

Tangerines and mandarins
Arizona 4 5 .............................................
California 2 4 ..........................................
Florida ..................................................

170
18,500
2,265

(NA)
22,000
1,430

7
740
108

(NA)
880
68

United States ........................................

20,935

23,430

855

948

Lemons 2
Arizona .................................................
California ..............................................

2,000
20,600

1,500
21,000

80
824

60
840

United States ........................................

22,600

22,500

904

900

Tangelos
Florida ..................................................

665

390

(NA) Not available.
1
Net pounds per box: oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; tangerines and mandarins
in Arizona and California-80, Florida-95; lemons-80; tangelos-90.
2
Estimates for current year carried forward from previous forecast.
3
Navel and miscellaneous varieties in California. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in Florida and Texas. Small quantities of
Temples in Florida.
4
Includes tangelos and tangors.
5
Estimates discontinued in 2015-2016.

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Hops Area Harvested by Variety – States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted June 1, 2016
State and variety

Area harvested

Strung for harvest

2015

2016

(acres)

Idaho
Apollo R .......................................................
Bravo R ........................................................
Calypso .......................................................
Cascade .....................................................
Centennial ...................................................
Chinook ......................................................
Citra TM ........................................................
Crystal ........................................................
El Dorado R .................................................
Mosaic TM ....................................................

286
166
81
770
(D)
358
412
(D)
205
272

(D)
(D)
80
1,035
(D)
423
569
121
221
486

Simcoe R .....................................................
Super Galena R ...........................................
Zeus ...........................................................
Experimental ...............................................

199
92
661
72

242
69
582
20

Other varieties 1 2 ........................................

1,289

2,123

Total ...........................................................

4,863

5,971

Oregon
Cascade .....................................................
Centennial ...................................................
Chinook ......................................................
Citra TM ........................................................
Crystal ........................................................
Fuggle .........................................................
Golding .......................................................
Liberty .........................................................
Magnum ......................................................
Mosaic TM ....................................................

1,085
631
129
246
377
85
238
210
199
-

1,160
701
106
538
433
113
265
155
152
194

Mt. Hood .....................................................
Nugget ........................................................
Perle ...........................................................
Simcoe R ....................................................
Sterling .......................................................
Super Galena R ...........................................
Tettnang .....................................................
Willamette ...................................................
Experimental ...............................................

288
1,484
(D)
191
209
82
133
661
(D)

307
1,418
97
336
239
65
88
792
(D)

Other varieties 1 2 ........................................

364

510

Total ...........................................................

6,612

See footnote(s) at end of table.

7,669
--continued

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Hops Area Harvested by Variety – States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted
June 1, 2016 (continued)
State and variety

Area harvested

Strung for harvest

2015

2016

(acres)

Washington
ADHA-483 Azacca TM ..................................
ADHA-881 Jarrylo TM ...................................
ADHA-871 Pekko TM ..................................
Ahtanum TM .................................................
Apollo R .......................................................
Bravo R .......................................................
Cascade .....................................................
Cashmere ...................................................
Centennial ..................................................

175
122
145
708
569
4,935
3,770

501
127
44
149
744
542
5,176
45
4,308

Chinook ......................................................
Citra TM .......................................................
Cluster ........................................................
Columbus/Tomahawk R ..............................
Comet .........................................................
Crystal ........................................................
El Dorado R .................................................
Equinox ......................................................
Galena ........................................................
Glacier ........................................................

1,300
2,335
666
1,673
108
131
243
295
155

1,931
3,323
619
1,462
231
152
446
996
344
144

Golding .......................................................
Horizon .......................................................
Magnum .....................................................
Millennium ..................................................
Mosaic TM ....................................................
Mt. Hood .....................................................
Northern Brewer .........................................
Nugget ........................................................
Simcoe R .....................................................
Sterling .......................................................

53
108
(D)
1,528
130
123
202
2,916
-

(D)
64
82
(D)
2,037
111
91
183
3,781
127

Summit TM ...................................................
Super Galena R ...........................................
Tahoma ......................................................
Tettnang .....................................................
Triple Pearl .................................................
Ultra ............................................................
Vanguard ....................................................
Willamette ...................................................
YCR-4 (Palisade R) .....................................
YCR-5 (Warrior R) .......................................

1,620
351
(D)
84
698
454
(D)

1,762
310
80
46
11
8
(D)
656
574
(D)

Yakima Gold ...............................................
Zeus ...........................................................
Experimental ..............................................

2,989
316

3
2,457
543

Other varieties 1 2 ........................................

3,256

3,265

Total ...........................................................

32,158

37,475

United States 3 ..........................................

43,633

51,115

- Represents zero.
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
R
Registered
TM
Trademark
1
Includes data withheld to avoid disclosure of individual operations and varieties not listed.
2
Other varieties may include Amarillo, Brewers Gold, Bullion, Chelan, Columbia, Delta, Eureka, First Gold, Meridian, Mt. Rainier, Saaz, Santiam and
Soriachi Ace.
3
Includes 326 organic acres in 2016 and 329 acres in 2015.

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Sugarbeet Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2014-2015
[Relates to year of intended harvest in all States except California]
State

Area planted
2014

Area harvested
2015

(1,000 acres)

2014

(1,000 acres)

2015

(1,000 acres)

California 1 ............................................
Colorado ...............................................
Idaho .....................................................
Michigan ...............................................
Minnesota .............................................
Montana ................................................
Nebraska ..............................................
North Dakota .........................................
Oregon ..................................................
Wyoming ...............................................

24.3
29.6
170.0
151.0
440.0
45.1
49.1
215.0
7.5
30.9

24.7
27.5
174.0
152.0
443.0
44.0
47.5
208.0
7.8
31.3

22.5
29.3
169.0
150.0
434.0
44.4
45.9
214.0
7.2
30.0

24.7
27.3
172.0
151.0
435.0
43.7
46.8
206.0
7.7
31.2

United States ........................................

1,162.5

1,159.8

1,146.3

1,145.4

State

Yield per acre

Production

2014

2015

2014

2015

(tons)

(1,000 tons)

42.6
31.3
37.3
29.3
22.5
32.3
29.1
23.8
34.5
27.8

44.2
35.1
38.3
31.7
28.0
33.0
28.4
27.9
38.6
30.1

959
917
6,304
4,395
9,765
1,434
1,336
5,093
248
834

1,092
958
6,588
4,787
12,180
1,442
1,329
5,747
297
939

United States ........................................

27.3

30.9

31,285

35,359

Relates to year of intended harvest for fall planted beets in central California and to year of planting for overwintered beets in central and southern
California.

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Sugarcane Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2014 and 2015
State

Yield per acre 1

Area harvested

Production 1

2014

2015

2014

2015

2014

2015

(1,000 acres)

(tons)

(1,000 tons)

For sugar
Florida .....................................
Hawaii .....................................
Louisiana .................................
Texas ......................................

392.0
14.2
386.0
31.5

409.0
14.5
385.0
35.2

38.4
88.8
29.5
37.9

41.5
88.3
29.6
31.4

15,053
1,261
11,387
1,194

16,974
1,280
11,396
1,105

United States ...........................

823.7

843.7

35.1

36.5

28,895

30,755

For seed
Florida .....................................
Hawaii .....................................
Louisiana .................................
Texas ......................................

16.0
2.2
25.0
1.6

15.0
2.2
25.0
1.4

42.8
20.4
29.5
37.9

46.0
20.5
29.6
32.1

685
45
738
61

690
45
740
45

United States ...........................

44.8

43.6

34.1

34.9

1,529

1,520

For sugar and seed
Florida .....................................
Hawaii .....................................
Louisiana .................................
Texas ......................................

408.0
16.4
411.0
33.1

424.0
16.7
410.0
36.6

38.6
79.6
29.5
37.9

41.7
79.3
29.6
31.4

15,738
1,306
12,125
1,255

17,664
1,325
12,136
1,150

United States ...........................

868.5

887.3

35.0

36.4

30,424

32,275

Net tons.

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Sweet Potato Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States:
2014 and 2015
State

Area planted

Area harvested

2014

2015

(1,000 acres)

2014

(1,000 acres)

2015

(1,000 acres)

Alabama ..................................
Arkansas ..................................
California .................................
Florida ......................................
Louisiana .................................
Mississippi ...............................
New Jersey ..............................
North Carolina ..........................
Texas .......................................

2.1
4.0
19.0
6.0
9.0
22.0
1.2
73.0
1.0

2.6
4.0
18.5
5.6
10.0
27.0
1.2
87.0
1.0

2.0
3.9
19.0
5.9
8.8
21.5
1.2
72.0
0.9

2.5
3.8
18.5
5.4
9.0
26.0
1.2
86.0
0.7

United States ...........................

137.3

156.9

135.2

153.1

State

Yield per acre
2014

Production
2015

(cwt)

2014

(cwt)

2015

(1,000 cwt)

220
200
275
200
230
175
160
220
155

220
195
340
205
220
145
140
190
100

440
780
5,225
1,180
2,024
3,763
192
15,840
140

550
741
6,290
1,107
1,980
3,770
168
16,340
70

United States ...........................

219

203

29,584

31,016

Miscellaneous Fruits Production by Crop – California: 2015 and Forecasted June 1, 2016
Crop

Prunes (dried basis) ...............................

2015

2016

(tons)

(tons)
100,000

45,000

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Maple Syrup Taps, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2014-2016
State

Number of taps
2014

2015

Yield per tap
2016

2014

Production

2015

2016

2014

2015

2016

Connecticut ................
Indiana .......................
Maine .........................
Massachusetts ............
Michigan .....................
Minnesota ...................
New Hampshire ..........
New York ....................
Ohio ............................
Pennsylvania ..............

83
(NA)
1,850
290
430
(NA)
490
2,200
450
588

85
(NA)
1,850
310
470
(NA)
560
2,310
440
620

86
60
1,860
315
400
76
545
2,515
370
660

0.193
(NA)
0.295
0.210
0.244
(NA)
0.229
0.248
0.289
0.248

0.224
(NA)
0.299
0.242
0.270
(NA)
0.275
0.260
0.261
0.266

0.221
0.200
0.363
0.244
0.225
0.184
0.310
0.281
0.189
0.217

(1,000
gallons)
16
(NA)
545
61
105
(NA)
112
546
130
146

Vermont ......................
West Virginia ..............
Wisconsin ...................

4,350
(NA)
700

4,550
(NA)
760

4,850
48
765

0.310
(NA)
0.286

0.310
(NA)
0.283

0.410
0.125
0.307

1,350
(NA)
200

1,410
(NA)
215

1,990
6
235

United States ..............

11,431

11,955

12,550

0.281

0.287

0.335

3,211

3,434

4,207

(1,000 taps) (1,000 taps) (1,000 taps)

(gallons)

(1,000
gallons)
19
(NA)
553
75
127
(NA)
154
601
115
165

(1,000
gallons)
19
12
675
77
90
14
169
707
70
143

(NA) Not available.

Maple Syrup Price and Value – States and United States: 2014-2016
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
State

Average price per gallon
2014

2015

(dollars)

Value of production
2016 1

2014

2015

2016 1

(dollars)

(1,000 dollars)

70.90
(NA)
31.50
56.30
49.50
(NA)
57.80
39.70
42.80
35.10

87.20
(NA)
28.00
50.50
54.50
(NA)
59.40
42.00
41.20
31.90

1,134
(NA)
17,168
3,434
5,198
(NA)
6,474
21,676
5,564
5,125

1,657
(NA)
15,484
3,788
6,922
(NA)
9,148
25,242
4,738
5,264

Vermont ......................
West Virginia ..............
Wisconsin ...................

33.00
(NA)
33.40

33.00
(NA)
33.10

44,550
(NA)
6,680

46,530
(NA)
7,117

United States ..............

36.40

36.70

117,003

125,890

(NA) Not available.
1
Price and value for 2016 will be published in Crop Production released June 2017.

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Maple Syrup Season – States and United States: 2014-2016
Date season
opened 1

State

Date season
closed 2

Average season
length 3

2014

2015

2016

2014

2015

2016

2014

2015

2016

(date)

(days)

Connecticut .................
Indiana ........................
Maine ..........................
Massachusetts ............
Michigan .....................
Minnesota ...................
New Hampshire ..........
New York ....................
Ohio ............................
Pennsylvania ..............

Jan 14
(NA)
Jan 14
Feb 5
Feb 19
(NA)
Jan 10
Jan 10
Jan 13
Feb 5

Feb 1
(NA)
Feb 9
Mar 14
Mar 1
(NA)
Mar 18
Jan 12
Jan 19
Jan 15

Jan 15
Jan 19
Jan 9
Jan 13
Feb 1
Feb 15
Jan 27
Jan 7
Jan 25
Jan 1

Apr 22
(NA)
May 11
Apr 26
May 6
(NA)
May 1
May 3
May 3
Apr 30

Apr 20
(NA)
May 8
Apr 11
Apr 27
(NA)
Apr 13
May 16
Apr 23
Apr 30

Apr 25
Mar 28
May 13
Apr 20
May 29
Apr 24
Apr 30
May 13
Apr 5
Apr 9

35
(NA)
29
31
24
(NA)
30
32
30
32

27
(NA)
27
28
26
(NA)
26
26
27
28

34
24
43
32
30
31
38
36
27
31

Vermont ......................
West Virginia ...............
Wisconsin ...................

Jan 10
(NA)
Mar 8

Jan 1
(NA)
Feb 28

Jan 1
Jan 1
Feb 7

May 23
(NA)
May 4

May 5
(NA)
Apr 15

May 1
Apr 2
Apr 22

28
(NA)
23

26
(NA)
23

44
32
29

United States ..............

(X)

(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Approximately the first day that sap was collected.
2
Approximately the last day that sap was collected.
3
The average number of days that sap was collected.

Maple Syrup Average Open and Close Season Dates – States and United States: 2014-2016
State

Season Opened 1

Season Closed 2

2014

2015

2016

2014

2015

2016

(date)

Connecticut .......................
Indiana ..............................
Maine ................................
Massachusetts ..................
Michigan ...........................
Minnesota .........................
New Hampshire ................
New York ..........................
Ohio ..................................
Pennsylvania ....................

Feb 26
(NA)
Mar 21
Mar 9
Mar 21
(NA)
Mar 14
Mar 13
Mar 4
Mar 6

Mar 10
(NA)
Mar 21
Mar 14
Mar 13
(NA)
Mar 18
Mar 17
Mar 7
Mar 10

Feb 10
Feb 18
Feb 26
Feb 21
Feb 28
Mar 6
Feb 23
Feb 22
Feb 16
Feb 15

Apr 2
(NA)
Apr 19
Apr 9
Apr 14
(NA)
Apr 13
Apr 14
Apr 2
Apr 8

Apr 6
(NA)
Apr 17
Apr 11
Apr 8
(NA)
Apr 13
Apr 12
Apr 3
Apr 6

Mar 15
Mar 12
Apr 9
Mar 24
Mar 27
Apr 6
Mar 30
Mar 29
Mar 13
Mar 17

Vermont ............................
West Virginia .....................
Wisconsin .........................

Mar 20
(NA)
Mar 28

Mar 22
(NA)
Mar 14

Feb 24
Feb 9
Mar 6

Apr 17
(NA)
Apr 19

Apr 17
(NA)
Apr 6

Apr 8
Mar 12
Apr 4

United States ....................

(X)

(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Approximate average opened date based on reported data.
2
Approximate average closed date based on reported data.

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Maple Syrup Price by Type of Sale and Size of Container – States: 2014 and 2015
Type and State

Gallon

1/2 Gallon

Quart

Pint

1/2 Pint

2014

2015

2014

2015

2014

2015

2014

2015

2014

2015

(dollars)

Retail
Connecticut .................
Maine ..........................
Massachusetts .............
Michigan ......................
New Hampshire ...........
New York .....................
Ohio .............................
Pennsylvania ...............
Vermont .......................
Wisconsin ....................

63.50
56.60
53.40
50.00
53.10
45.30
40.90
40.30
47.00
44.40

65.00
55.50
57.40
47.30
56.40
45.10
40.90
41.60
66.60
45.00

35.00
30.90
30.80
28.00
31.10
25.70
25.00
23.70
27.00
25.00

36.90
30.70
30.70
28.30
31.50
25.80
24.70
25.00
27.30
26.10

19.70
16.90
19.00
15.30
18.40
16.50
15.70
14.20
16.00
12.90

20.70
16.70
19.10
15.50
19.50
15.90
15.00
15.40
17.30
13.00

11.90
10.00
11.40
9.50
11.20
10.50
9.70
8.70
9.80
8.40

13.30
10.20
11.80
9.80
10.90
9.50
9.50
9.30
9.80
7.90

6.95
6.40
7.55
6.90
6.55
7.45
7.00
5.00
6.10
6.00

8.70
6.10
7.55
6.30
6.95
6.20
6.10
5.45
6.50
5.20

Wholesale
Connecticut .................
Maine ..........................
Massachusetts .............
Michigan ......................
New Hampshire ...........
New York .....................
Ohio .............................
Pennsylvania ...............
Vermont .......................
Wisconsin ....................

49.40
46.40
43.60
37.40
42.40
41.50
43.00
31.50
39.30
35.70

64.40
39.20
43.60
37.00
41.80
38.50
37.00
40.20
42.00
36.40

26.60
23.90
23.20
24.50
28.20
23.30
20.30
23.10
24.30
24.10

32.40
22.10
26.70
25.90
24.00
22.30
21.40
21.30
27.00
23.60

14.40
13.20
13.60
12.80
15.70
12.00
12.50
15.10
13.90
12.50

19.80
12.40
15.30
13.30
13.30
14.00
12.00
13.10
14.50
13.50

7.75
7.20
7.35
7.60
8.40
7.16
7.60
8.35
8.20
7.00

11.80
7.10
8.95
8.00
8.25
8.45
7.50
7.60
8.10
7.80

5.40
4.90
4.50
4.80
5.45
4.05
5.40
6.85
5.20
4.20

7.30
4.80
4.90
5.00
4.60
4.50
4.20
5.55
4.80
4.60

Maple Syrup Bulk Price – States: 2014 and 2015
State

Bulk all grades

2014

2015

2014

2015

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per gallon)

Connecticut ..................
Maine ...........................
Massachusetts ..............
Michigan .......................
New Hampshire ............
New York ......................
Ohio ..............................
Pennsylvania ................
Vermont ........................
Wisconsin .....................

2.65
2.72
2.95
2.40
2.55
2.54
2.60
2.49
2.59
2.40

(D)
2.40
2.70
2.70
2.40
2.40
2.40
2.24
2.45
2.30

29.40
30.00
32.30
26.30
28.30
28.00
29.00
27.50
28.50
26.20

24.10
26.40
29.50
29.30
26.40
26.30
26.40
24.70
27.00
25.20

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.

Maple Syrup Percent of Sales by Type – States: 2014 and 2015
State

Retail
2014
(percent)

Connecticut ...................
Maine ............................
Massachusetts ...............
Michigan ........................
New Hampshire .............
New York .......................
Ohio ...............................
Pennsylvania .................
Vermont .........................
Wisconsin ......................

Wholesale
2015

2014

(percent)
64
3
40
54
57
31
38
35
11
18

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

(percent)
51
2
20
62
64
43
44
19
10
19

Bulk
2015

2014

(percent)
29
2
28
18
17
15
16
9
6
19

2015

(percent)
48
2
62
15
12
16
24
5
9
12

(percent)
7
95
32
28
26
54
46
56
83
63

1
96
18
23
24
41
32
76
81
69

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States:
2015 and 2016
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Area planted

Area harvested

2015

2016

2015

2016

(1,000 acres)

Grains and hay
Barley ..............................................................................................
Corn for grain 1 .................................................................................
Corn for silage .................................................................................
Hay, all .............................................................................................
Alfalfa ...........................................................................................
All other ........................................................................................
Oats .................................................................................................
Proso millet ......................................................................................
Rice .................................................................................................
Rye ..................................................................................................
Sorghum for grain 1 ..........................................................................
Sorghum for silage ...........................................................................
Wheat, all .........................................................................................
Winter ..........................................................................................
Durum ..........................................................................................
Other spring .................................................................................

3,558
87,999
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
3,088
445
2,614
1,569
8,459
(NA)
54,644
39,461
1,936
13,247

3,140
93,601

Oilseeds
Canola .............................................................................................
Cottonseed ......................................................................................
Flaxseed ..........................................................................................
Mustard seed ...................................................................................
Peanuts ...........................................................................................
Rapeseed ........................................................................................
Safflower ..........................................................................................
Soybeans for beans .........................................................................
Sunflower .........................................................................................

1,777.0
(X)
463
44.0
1,625.0
1.2
168.2
82,650
1,859.1

1,747.5

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all ........................................................................................
Upland .........................................................................................
American Pima .............................................................................
Sugarbeets ......................................................................................
Sugarcane .......................................................................................
Tobacco ...........................................................................................

8,580.5
8,422.0
158.5
1,159.8
(NA)
(NA)

9,562.0
9,347.0
215.0
1,158.6

Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Austrian winter peas ........................................................................
Dry edible beans ..............................................................................
Chickpeas, all 3 ............................................................................
Large .........................................................................................
Small ..........................................................................................
Dry edible peas ................................................................................
Lentils ..............................................................................................
Wrinkled seed peas .........................................................................

34.0
1,764.4
207.5
135.3
72.2
1,143.0
493.0
(NA)

31.0
1,559.0
246.0
163.0
83.0
1,423.0
850.0

21.0
1,711.4
203.1
131.2
71.9
1,083.5
476.0
(NA)

Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops ................................................................................................
Maple syrup .....................................................................................
Mushrooms ......................................................................................
Peppermint oil ..................................................................................
Potatoes, all .....................................................................................
Spring ..........................................................................................
Summer .......................................................................................
Fall ...............................................................................................
Spearmint oil ....................................................................................
Sweet potatoes ................................................................................
Taro (Hawaii) ...................................................................................

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
1,065.2
70.1
50.5
944.6
(NA)
156.9
(NA)

(NA)
(NA)

43.6
(NA)
(NA)
65.2
1,053.3
68.5
47.1
937.7
27.2
153.1
0.3

See footnote(s) at end of table.

(NA)

2,751
3,064
7,216
49,559
36,216
1,995
11,348

390
1,476.0

82,236
1,693.4

(NA)

52.0

169.4

3,109
80,749
6,221
54,437
17,778
36,659
1,276
418
2,575
360
7,851
306
47,094
32,257
1,896
12,941

54,305

29,831

1,714.5
(X)
456
40.1
1,567.0
1.1
159.1
81,814
1,799.4

8,074.9
7,920.0
154.9
1,145.4
887.3
328.7

314.5

51.1
(NA)

50.9

--continued

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States:
2015 and 2016 (continued)
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Yield per acre
2015

Production
2016

2015

2016

(1,000)

Grains and hay
Barley ................................................................................... bushels
Corn for grain ........................................................................ bushels
Corn for silage ............................................................................ tons
Hay, all ....................................................................................... tons
Alfalfa ..................................................................................... tons
All other .................................................................................. tons
Oats ...................................................................................... bushels
Proso millet ........................................................................... bushels
Rice 2 ........................................................................................... cwt
Rye ....................................................................................... bushels
Sorghum for grain ................................................................. bushels
Sorghum for silage ...................................................................... tons
Wheat, all ............................................................................. bushels
Winter ............................................................................... bushels
Durum ............................................................................... bushels
Other spring ...................................................................... bushels

68.9
168.4
20.4
2.47
3.32
2.06
70.2
33.9
7,470
31.9
76.0
14.6
43.6
42.5
43.5
46.3

Oilseeds
Canola ................................................................................... pounds
Cottonseed ................................................................................. tons
Flaxseed ............................................................................... bushels
Mustard seed ......................................................................... pounds
Peanuts ................................................................................. pounds
Rapeseed .............................................................................. pounds
Safflower ............................................................................... pounds
Soybeans for beans .............................................................. bushels
Sunflower .............................................................................. pounds

1,677
(X)
22.1
671
3,963
1,382
1,347
48.0
1,625

2,875,010
4,043.0
10,095
26,927
6,210,590
1,520
214,251
3,929,160
2,923,730

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all 2 ............................................................................... bales
Upland 2 ................................................................................ bales
American Pima 2 ................................................................... bales
Sugarbeets ................................................................................. tons
Sugarcane .................................................................................. tons
Tobacco ................................................................................. pounds

766
755
1,342
30.9
36.4
2,178

12,888.0
12,455.0
433.0
35,359
32,275
715,946

Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Austrian winter peas 2 .................................................................. cwt
Dry edible beans 2 ....................................................................... cwt
Chickpeas, all 2 3 ...................................................................... cwt
Large 2 ................................................................................... cwt
Small 2 ................................................................................... cwt
Dry edible peas 2 ......................................................................... cwt
Lentils 2 ........................................................................................ cwt
Wrinkled seed peas ..................................................................... cwt

1,238
1,760
1,242
1,231
1,263
1,687
1,108
(NA)

260
30,121
2,523
1,615
908
18,283
5,276
384

Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops ...................................................................................... pounds
Maple syrup ........................................................................... gallons
Mushrooms ............................................................................ pounds
Peppermint oil ........................................................................ pounds
Potatoes, all ................................................................................. cwt
Spring ...................................................................................... cwt
Summer ................................................................................... cwt
Fall .......................................................................................... cwt
Spearmint oil ......................................................................... pounds
Sweet potatoes ............................................................................ cwt
Taro (Hawaii) ......................................................................... pounds

1,807
(NA)
(NA)
90
418
296
334
431
113
203
10,300

50.5

(NA)

328

214,297
13,601,198
126,894
134,388
58,974
75,414
89,535
14,159
192,343
11,496
596,751
4,475
2,051,752
1,370,188
82,484
599,080

78,846.0
3,434
952,619
5,882
440,498
20,251
15,734
404,513
3,070
31,016
3,502

1,506,626

4,207

16,677

(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Area planted for all purposes.
2
Yield in pounds.
3
Chickpeas included with dry edible beans.

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States:
2015 and 2016
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Area planted

Area harvested

2015

2016

2015

2016

(hectares)

Grains and hay
Barley .................................................................................
Corn for grain 1 ....................................................................
Corn for silage ....................................................................
Hay, all 2 .............................................................................
Alfalfa ..............................................................................
All other ...........................................................................
Oats ....................................................................................
Proso millet .........................................................................
Rice ....................................................................................
Rye .....................................................................................
Sorghum for grain 1 .............................................................
Sorghum for silage ..............................................................
Wheat, all 2 .........................................................................
Winter .............................................................................
Durum .............................................................................
Other spring ....................................................................

1,439,890
35,612,320
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
1,249,680
180,090
1,057,860
634,960
3,423,270
(NA)
22,113,880
15,969,470
783,480
5,360,930

1,270,730
37,879,390

Oilseeds
Canola ................................................................................
Cottonseed .........................................................................
Flaxseed .............................................................................
Mustard seed ......................................................................
Peanuts ..............................................................................
Rapeseed ...........................................................................
Safflower .............................................................................
Soybeans for beans ............................................................
Sunflower ............................................................................

719,130
(X)
187,370
17,810
657,620
490
68,070
33,447,630
752,360

707,200

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all 2 .........................................................................
Upland ............................................................................
American Pima ................................................................
Sugarbeets .........................................................................
Sugarcane ..........................................................................
Tobacco ..............................................................................

3,472,440
3,408,300
64,140
469,360
(NA)
(NA)

3,869,650
3,782,640
87,010
468,870

Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Austrian winter peas ...........................................................
Dry edible beans .................................................................
Chickpeas 3 .....................................................................
Large ............................................................................
Small .............................................................................
Dry edible peas ...................................................................
Lentils .................................................................................
Wrinkled seed peas ............................................................

13,760
714,040
83,970
54,750
29,220
462,560
199,510
(NA)

12,550
630,910
99,550
65,960
33,590
575,870
343,990

8,500
692,590
82,190
53,100
29,100
438,480
192,630
(NA)

Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops ...................................................................................
Maple syrup ........................................................................
Mushrooms .........................................................................
Peppermint oil .....................................................................
Potatoes, all 2 ......................................................................
Spring .............................................................................
Summer ..........................................................................
Fall ..................................................................................
Spearmint oil .......................................................................
Sweet potatoes ...................................................................
Taro (Hawaii) ......................................................................

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
431,080
28,370
20,440
382,270
(NA)
63,500
(NA)

(NA)
(NA)

17,660
(NA)
(NA)
26,390
426,260
27,720
19,060
379,480
11,010
61,960
140

See footnote(s) at end of table.

(NA)

1,113,300
1,239,970
2,920,240
20,056,030
14,656,250
807,360
4,592,420

157,830
597,320

33,280,090
685,300

(NA)

21,040

68,550

1,258,180
32,678,310
2,517,580
22,030,110
7,194,580
14,835,530
516,380
169,160
1,042,080
145,690
3,177,220
123,840
19,058,470
13,054,090
767,290
5,237,090

21,976,690

12,072,310

693,840
(X)
184,540
16,230
634,150
450
64,390
33,109,310
728,200

3,267,830
3,205,140
62,690
463,530
359,080
133,000

127,250

20,690
(NA)

20,600

--continued

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States:
2015 and 2016 (continued)
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Yield per hectare

Production

2015

2016

2015

2016

(metric tons)

Grains and hay
Barley ..............................................................................................
Corn for grain ...................................................................................
Corn for silage .................................................................................
Hay, all 2 ..........................................................................................
Alfalfa ..........................................................................................
All other .......................................................................................
Oats .................................................................................................
Proso millet ......................................................................................
Rice .................................................................................................
Rye ..................................................................................................
Sorghum for grain ............................................................................
Sorghum for silage ...........................................................................
Wheat, all 2 ......................................................................................
Winter ..........................................................................................
Durum ..........................................................................................
Other spring .................................................................................

3.71
10.57
45.73
5.53
7.44
4.61
2.52
1.90
8.37
2.00
4.77
32.78
2.93
2.86
2.93
3.11

Oilseeds
Canola .............................................................................................
Cottonseed ......................................................................................
Flaxseed ..........................................................................................
Mustard seed ...................................................................................
Peanuts ...........................................................................................
Rapeseed ........................................................................................
Safflower .........................................................................................
Soybeans for beans .........................................................................
Sunflower ........................................................................................

1.88
(X)
1.39
0.75
4.44
1.55
1.51
3.23
1.82

1,304,080
3,667,750
256,420
12,210
2,817,080
690
97,180
106,934,210
1,326,180

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all 2 ......................................................................................
Upland .........................................................................................
American Pima ............................................................................
Sugarbeets ......................................................................................
Sugarcane .......................................................................................
Tobacco ...........................................................................................

0.86
0.85
1.50
69.20
81.54
2.44

2,806,030
2,711,760
94,270
32,077,150
29,279,390
324,750

Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Austrian winter peas ........................................................................
Dry edible beans ..............................................................................
Chickpeas, all 3 ............................................................................
Large .........................................................................................
Small .........................................................................................
Dry edible peas ................................................................................
Lentils ..............................................................................................
Wrinkled seed peas .........................................................................

1.39
1.97
1.39
1.38
1.42
1.89
1.24
(NA)

11,790
1,366,270
114,440
73,260
41,190
829,300
239,320
17,420

Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops ................................................................................................
Maple syrup .....................................................................................
Mushrooms ......................................................................................
Peppermint oil ..................................................................................
Potatoes, all 2 ..................................................................................
Spring ..........................................................................................
Summer .......................................................................................
Fall ..............................................................................................
Spearmint oil ...................................................................................
Sweet potatoes ................................................................................
Taro (Hawaii) ...................................................................................

2.03
(NA)
(NA)
0.10
46.87
33.14
37.44
48.35
0.13
22.71
11.55

3.40

(NA)

36.72

4,665,770
345,486,340
115,116,300
121,914,740
53,500,310
68,414,430
1,299,600
321,120
8,724,530
292,010
15,158,170
4,059,650
55,839,540
37,290,410
2,244,850
16,304,290

35,760
17,170
432,100
2,670
19,980,650
918,570
713,680
18,348,400
1,390
1,406,860
1,590

41,003,640

21,040

756,460

(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Area planted for all purposes.
2
Total may not add due to rounding.
3
Chickpeas included with dry edible beans.

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2015 and 2016
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year,
except citrus which is for the 2015-2016 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop
Citrus 1
Grapefruit .............................................................................................. 1,000 tons
Lemons ................................................................................................. 1,000 tons
Oranges ................................................................................................ 1,000 tons
Tangelos (Florida) ................................................................................. 1,000 tons
Tangerines and mandarins .................................................................... 1,000 tons
Noncitrus
Apples ............................................................................................. million pounds
Apricots .......................................................................................................... tons
Avocados ....................................................................................................... tons
Bananas (Hawaii) ............................................................................. 1,000 pounds
Blackberries (Oregon) ...................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Blueberries
Cultivated ..................................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Wild (Maine) ................................................................................. 1,000 pounds
Boysenberries (Oregon) ................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Raspberries, All ................................................................................ 1,000 pounds
Cherries, Sweet ............................................................................................. tons
Cherries, Tart .................................................................................. million pounds
Coffee .............................................................................................. 1,000 pounds
Cranberries .................................................................................................. barrel
Dates (California) ........................................................................................... tons
Figs (California) .............................................................................................. tons
Grapes ........................................................................................................... tons
Kiwifruit (California) ........................................................................................ tons
Nectarines ...................................................................................................... tons
Olives (California) .......................................................................................... tons
Papayas (Hawaii) ............................................................................. 1,000 pounds
Peaches ......................................................................................................... tons
Pears ............................................................................................................. tons
Plums (California) .......................................................................................... tons
Prunes (California) ......................................................................................... tons
Prunes and Plums .......................................................................................... tons
Strawberries ........................................................................................... 1,000 cwt
Nuts and miscellaneous
Almonds, shelled (California) ........................................................... 1,000 pounds
Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ........................................................................... tons
Macadamias (Hawaii) ....................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Pecans, in-shell ................................................................................ 1,000 pounds
Pistachios (California) ...................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Walnuts, in-shell (California) .......................................................................... tons
1

Production
2015

2016
890
904
6,369
30
855

825
900
5,830
18
948

10,171.8
53,008

338,485
222.6
33,189
8,412,700

8,046,400

804,600
733,000
100,000

45,000

30,867

1,890,000
39,000

2,000,000

272,340
575,000

Production years are 2014-2015 and 2015-2016.

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units – United States: 2015 and 2016
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year,
except citrus which is for the 2015-2016 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Citrus 1
Grapefruit .............................................................................................................
Lemons ................................................................................................................
Oranges ................................................................................................................
Tangelos (Florida) ................................................................................................
Tangerines and mandarins ...................................................................................
Noncitrus
Apples ..................................................................................................................
Apricots ................................................................................................................
Avocados ..............................................................................................................
Bananas (Hawaii) .................................................................................................
Blackberries (Oregon) ...........................................................................................
Blueberries
Cultivated .........................................................................................................
Wild (Maine) .....................................................................................................
Boysenberries (Oregon) ........................................................................................
Raspberries, All ....................................................................................................
Cherries, Sweet ....................................................................................................
Cherries, Tart ........................................................................................................
Coffee ...................................................................................................................
Cranberries ...........................................................................................................
Dates (California) ..................................................................................................
Figs (California) ....................................................................................................
Grapes .................................................................................................................
Kiwifruit (California) ...............................................................................................
Nectarines ............................................................................................................
Olives (California) .................................................................................................
Papayas (Hawaii) .................................................................................................
Peaches ...............................................................................................................
Pears ....................................................................................................................
Plums (California) .................................................................................................
Prunes (California) ................................................................................................
Prunes and Plums ................................................................................................
Strawberries .........................................................................................................
Nuts and miscellaneous
Almonds, shelled (California) ................................................................................
Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) .................................................................................
Macadamias (Hawaii) ...........................................................................................
Pecans, in-shell ....................................................................................................
Pistachios (California) ...........................................................................................
Walnuts, in-shell (California) .................................................................................
1

Production
2015

2016

(metric tons)

807,390
820,100
5,777,860
27,220
775,640

748,430
816,470
5,288,890
16,330
860,010

4,613,850
48,090

307,070
100,970
15,050
381,590

7,299,570

729,920
664,970
90,720

40,820

1,400,100

857,290
35,380

907,185

123,530
521,630

Production years are 2014-2015 and 2015-2016.

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Winter Wheat for Grain Objective Yield Data
The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 10 winter wheat-producing States
during 2016. Randomly selected plots in winter wheat for grain fields are visited monthly from May through harvest to
obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are based on counts from this survey.
Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab – United States: 2012-2016
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Year

June

July

August

Mature 1

(percent)
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
1

....................................
....................................
....................................
....................................
....................................

(percent)
57
12
15
16
21

(percent)
77
55
58
64

92
92
92
93

Includes winter wheat in the hard dough stage or beyond and are considered mature or almost mature.

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

May Weather Summary
A high-latitude atmospheric blocking pattern led to cool, showery weather in many parts of the United States, with
consistent warmth mainly confined to the Nation’s northern tier. Some of the most persistent rain fell across the Plains,
slowing fieldwork but maintaining mostly adequate to locally excessive soil moisture for rangeland, pastures,
winter wheat, and spring-sown crops. By May 29, nearly two-thirds of the Nation’s pastures (66 percent) and
winter wheat (63 percent) were rated in good to excellent condition, the highest for both at this time of year since 2010.
In contrast, drier conditions developed across the Great Lakes Region, leading to more fieldwork opportunities. Following
earlier corn and soybean planting delays in the eastern Corn Belt due to cool, damp field conditions, fieldwork accelerated
in late May. During the week ending May 29, producers in Ohio planted 41 percent of their intended soybean acreage,
jumping from 22 to 63 percent, and 33 percent of their corn. Delays persisted, however, in the southwestern Corn Belt.
Meanwhile, warmth in the Northwest contrasted with cool conditions in the Southwest. Northwestern warmth promoted a
rapid crop development pace, while occasional showers maintained favorable growing conditions for winter wheat and
spring-sown crops. Higher elevations of the West, primarily from the Great Basin to the central Rockies, received some
late-season snow.
Elsewhere, developing drought across the interior Southeast contrasted with wet weather and fieldwork delays in the
western Gulf Coast region and the middle and southern Atlantic States. Torrential rainfall induced some late-month
flooding along and near the Texas coast.
May Agricultural Summary
Temperatures were above normal along the northern United States, facilitating fieldwork in the Pacific Northwest and the
Upper Midwest. Conversely, below average temperatures were prevalent from the central Rocky Mountains to the
mid-Atlantic. Some areas of the Southwest, lower Great Plains, and middle Mississippi Valley recorded average
temperatures more than 2°F below normal. With the exception of portions of the Southwest, Texas, and most of the
Atlantic Coast States where rainfall totaled 200 percent or more above average, precipitation was near normal throughout
much of the country. Some areas in Texas, Louisiana, and Virginia recorded rainfall over 6 inches above normal for the
month of May. Southeast Texas received heavy rainfall later in the month, with some locations recording in excess of
9 inches of precipitation, causing record flooding.
As May began, corn planting progress was well ahead of historical averages in the central Corn Belt but progress
continued to lag behind normal in the western Corn Belt. By May 1, producers had planted 45 percent of this year’s corn
crop, equal to last year but 15 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 1, thirteen percent of the Nation’s
corn crop was emerged, 6 percentage points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By
May 15, seventy-five percent of this year’s corn crop was planted, 7 percentage points behind last year but 5 percentage
points ahead of the 5-year average. Forty-three percent of the Nation’s corn crop had emerged by May 15, five percentage
points behind last year but 9 percentage points ahead the 5-year average. By mid-month, Minnesota respondents reported
that 53 percent of the corn crop had emerged, 28 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Planting of the 2016 corn
crop was 94 percent complete by May 29, equal to last year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
Seventy-eight percent of this year’s corn crop had emerged by May 29, three percentage points behind last year but
3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By the end of May, at least 90 percent of the corn had emerged in Iowa,
Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina, and Tennessee. Overall, 72 percent of the corn crop was reported in good to
excellent condition on May 29, two percentage points below the same time last year.
Planting of sorghum advanced to 23 percent complete by May 1, five percentage points behind last year and 3 percentage
points behind the 5-year average. Planting progress was behind normal for most estimating States, with only Missouri and
Oklahoma ahead of the 5-year average. By May 22, thirty-seven percent of the sorghum crop was planted, 3 percentage
points behind last year and 6 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Progress in the leading sorghum-producing
State of Kansas remained behind historical levels, with 6 percent planted by May 22, ten percentage points behind the
5-year average. Producers had planted 44 percent of this year’s sorghum crop by May 29, two percentage points ahead of

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

last year but 7 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Advances of 25 percentage points or more was observed in
Nebraska, New Mexico, and South Dakota during the last full week of the month.
Oat seeding advanced to 78 percent complete by May 1, three percentage points behind last year but 13 percentage points
ahead of the 5-year average. Fifty-six percent of the crop had emerged by May 1, three percentage points ahead of last
year and 9 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Producers had planted 94 percent of this year’s oat crop by
May 15, slightly behind last year but 11 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. The planting of oats was nearly
complete Nationwide, with all estimating States, except North Dakota and Ohio, having at least 90 percent of the intended
acreage planted by the second week of the month. Eighty-one percent of the oat crop was emerged by May 15, slightly
ahead of last year and 15 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Ninety-five percent of the oat crop was emerged
by May 29, slightly ahead of last year and 9 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By the end of the month,
30 percent of the oat crop was at or beyond the heading stage, slightly ahead of last year but 2 percentage points behind
the 5-year average. In Texas, the oat harvest was 17 percent complete, 22 percentage points behind the 5-year average,
due to wet conditions. Overall, 73 percent of the oat crop was reported in good to excellent condition on May 29, up
slightly from the total rated in these two categories on May 8 and 5 percentage points better than at the same time last
year.
Nationwide, barley producers had seeded 57 percent of the Nation’s crop by May 1, thirteen percentage points behind last
year but 10 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 1, emergence was evident in 29 percent of the
Nation’s barley acreage, 4 percentage points behind last year but 11 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By
May 15, ninety percent of the barley crop was seeded, 3 percentage points behind last year but 19 percentage points ahead
of the 5-year average. By May 15, sixty-eight percent of the barley had emerged, equal to last year but 26 percentage
points, or more than two weeks, ahead of the 5-year average. Emergence was over 15 percentage points ahead of the
5-year average in all estimating States except Washington. Nationwide, 97 percent of the barley crop was sown by
May 29, three percentage points behind last year but 9 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Eighty-eight percent
of the barley crop had emerged by May 29, four percentage points behind last year but 19 percentage points ahead of the
5-year average. Overall, 77 percent of the barley crop was reported in good to excellent condition on May 29,
two percentage points better than the May 15 ratings and 3 percentage points better than at the same time last year.
By May 1, heading of the winter wheat crop had advanced to 42 percent complete, 3 percentage points ahead of last year
and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Heading advanced to 57 percent complete by May 8, five percentage
points ahead of last year and 13 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Seventy-three percent of the wheat crop
was headed in Kansas by May 8, twenty-seven percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 22,
seventy-five percent of this year’s winter wheat crop was at or beyond the heading stage, slightly ahead of last year and
9 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. In Texas, damage of wheat due to hail was reported in areas of the
Northern Low Plains and Edwards Plateau. Nationally, heading of this year’s winter wheat crop advanced to 84 percent
complete by May 29, two percentage points ahead of last year and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. In
Washington, 76 percent was headed by the end of the month, 36 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Wet
conditions have delayed the harvest of winter wheat in Texas, with 11 percent harvested by May 29, six percentage points
behind the 5-year average. Overall, 63 percent of the winter wheat crop was reported in good to excellent condition on
May 29, up 2 percentage points from the beginning of the month and 19 percentage points better than at the same time last
year.
Fifty-four percent of the spring wheat crop was seeded by May 1, fifteen percentage points behind last year but
15 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 1, twenty-two percent of the spring wheat crop was emerged,
2 percentage points behind last year but 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. At the beginning of the month,
emergence was ahead of the 5-year average in all 6 estimating States. Nationally, 89 percent of the spring wheat crop was
seeded by May 15, three percentage points behind last year but 25 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By
May 15, sixty percent of the spring wheat crop had emerged, 3 percentage points behind last year but 24 percentage points
ahead of the 5-year average. Ninety-five percent of the Nation’s spring wheat crop was seeded by May 22, equal to last
year but 18 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. The Nation’s spring wheat was 88 percent emerged by the end
of the month, equal to last year but 22 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Emergence was well ahead of
normal in Minnesota and North Dakota, where progress was 28 and 32 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average,

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

respectively. Overall, 79 percent of the spring wheat crop was reported in good to excellent condition by month’s end,
8 percentage points better than at the same time last year.
By May 1, seventy-two percent of the rice crop was seeded, 17 percentage points ahead of last year and 16 percentage
points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationally, emergence advanced to 55 percent complete at the beginning of the month,
21 percentage points ahead of last year and 16 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationally, 87 percent of the
rice crop was seeded by May 15, equal to last year but 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 15,
seventy-six percent of the Nation’s crop had emerged, 11 percentage points ahead of last year and 14 percentage points
ahead of the 5-year average. Planting of the 2016 rice crop was 98 percent complete by May 29, three percentage points
ahead of last year and 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Twenty-six percent of California’s rice crop was
planted during the last week of the month, pushing progress ahead of the 5-year average pace. Eighty-seven percent of the
rice crop was emerged by May 29, slightly behind last year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Overall,
66 percent of the rice crop was reported in good to excellent condition on May 29, nine percentage points better than the
May 8 estimate but 2 percentage points lower than at the same time last year.
Planting of the 2016 soybean crop advanced to 8 percent complete by May 1, two percentage points behind last year but
2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 8, twenty-three percent of the soybeans were planted,
3 percentage points behind last year but 7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. With the planting of corn nearly
complete, many Minnesota producers moved on to the planting of soybeans during the first week of the month, planting
40 percent of the intended soybean crop during that week. By May 22, producers had planted 56 percent of this year’s
soybean crop, equal to last year but 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 22, twenty-two percent of
the soybean crop was emerged, 5 percentage points behind last year but slightly ahead of the 5-year average. Due to poor
field conditions early in the planting season, emergence in Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio continued to lag their respective
5-year averages during the third week of the month. By May 29, seventy-three percent of the Nation’s soybean crop was
planted, 5 percentage points ahead of last year and 7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By the end of the
month, wet conditions slowed the planting pace in the central Great Plains, with planting progress 27 percentage points
behind the 5-year average in Kansas and 9 percentage points behind in Nebraska. Nationally, 45 percent of the soybean
crop was emerged by May 29, slightly ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
Nationally, peanut producers had planted 12 percent of this year’s crop by May 1, three percentage points ahead of last
year and 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 15, peanut producers had planted 46 percent of this
year’s crop, 5 percentage points ahead of last year and 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 29,
producers had planted 80 percent of this year’s peanut crop, slightly ahead of both last year and the 5-year average.
Planting progress of 20 percentage points or more was observed in North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas, and Virginia
during the last week of the month.
By May 15, eleven percent of this year’s sunflower crop was planted, 2 percentage points ahead of last year and
7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. North Dakota producers had planted 21 percent of their crop by May 15,
fourteen percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 29, sunflower producers had planted 45 percent of this
year’s crop, 18 percentage points ahead of last year and 21 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. North Dakota
sunflowers were 67 percent planted by May 29, an increase of 21 percentage points during the final week of the month.
Nationally, cotton producers had planted 16 percent of the cotton crop by May 1, slightly ahead of last year but
2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Nationally, 40 percent of the cotton crop was planted by May 15,
eight percentage points ahead of last year and slightly ahead of the 5-year average. Dry conditions in the Southeast
facilitated rapid planting, which advanced more than 20 percentage points in Arkansas, Mississippi, Tennessee, and the
Carolinas. By May 29, fifty-nine percent of the cotton crop was planted, 2 percentage points ahead of last year but
10 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Wet conditions in the southern Great Plains hindered planting progress.
By month’s end, Kansas cotton planting was 35 percentage points, or nearly 3 weeks, behind the 5-year average pace.
Texas planting progress was 15 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Nationally, 5 percent of the cotton crop was
squaring by month’s end, 3 percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average.
By May 1, sugarbeet producers had planted 80 percent of the Nation’s crop, 11 percentage points behind last year but
32 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. At the beginning of the May, planting in Minnesota was more than
26

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

3 weeks ahead of the 5-year average pace. Producers had planted 97 percent of this year’s sugarbeet crop by May 15,
three percentage points behind last year but 23 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Producers had planted
95 percent or more of the sugarbeet crop in Michigan, Minnesota, and North Dakota.
Crop Comments
Winter wheat: Production is forecast at 1.51 billion bushels, up 6 percent from the May 1 forecast and up 10 percent
from 2015. Based on June 1 conditions, the United States yield is forecast at a record 50.5 bushels per acre, up 2.7 bushel
from last month and up 8 bushels from last year. As of May 29, sixty-three percent of the winter wheat crop in the
18 major producing States was rated in good to excellent condition, 19 percentage points better than at the same time last
year. Nationally, 84 percent of the winter wheat crop was headed by May 29, eight percentage points ahead of the 5-year
average pace.
Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the six Hard Red Winter States (Colorado, Kansas, Montana,
Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Texas) are above last year’s level in Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, and Oklahoma but below in
Colorado and Texas. Wet weather across much of the Nation in May has delayed harvest in the Southern Great Plains and
Southeast.
Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the three Soft Red Winter States (Illinois, Missouri, and Ohio)
are above last year’s levels in Missouri and Ohio but below in Illinois.
Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in Washington are above last year. Eighty-one percent of the
Washington crop was rated in mostly fair to good condition as of May 29.
Durum wheat: Production of Durum wheat in Arizona and California is forecast at a collective 15.2 million bushels,
down 25 percent from last year. In Arizona, 14 percent of the acreage was harvested by May 29, two percentage points
ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
Prunes (dried plums): California’s 2016 prune production forecast is 45,000 dried tons, down 55 percent from last year.
Growers reported storms with cold, wet, and windy weather during the bloom and adverse conditions for bees during the
height of the pollination period. If the forecast is realized, this year’s crop will be the smallest production on record since
estimates began in 1920.
Florida citrus: In the citrus growing region reported, daily high temperatures were about average for this time of the year.
All reporting stations had highs varying from the upper 80’s on most days to over 90 degrees a few days. Morning lows
were mostly in the 60s and 70s. Rainfall was well above average in most of the citrus growing region. Five of seventeen
monitored rain stations had totals of over ten inches of rainfall. The most precipitation fell in the Western Region. Joshua
(Desoto County) had the highest amount at 11.74 inches, followed by Vero Beach (Indian River County) at 11.31 inches.
According to the May 31, 2016 U.S. Drought Monitor, all citrus growing counties were drought free.
Weekly Valencia orange harvest is relatively over for the season. Growers are now turning their attention to next season’s
crop. Most healthy trees are holding fruit golf ball size or larger. Many citrus growers are replacing trees or entire groves
severely impacted by greening. As caretakers are taking out old non-productive trees, they are leaving younger healthy
trees in hope of a productive crop for next season. Other grove activities included topping and hedging after harvest,
irrigation, fertilizing, spraying, mowing, and brush removal.
California citrus: Navel and Valencia oranges continued to be harvested. Navel oranges were being packed for the
domestic market, with late varieties exported to Asia and Central America. The Valencia orange harvest accelerated. The
Navel crop continued to mature with the warmer weather with some quality issues reported. Most Navel oranges were
packed for the domestic market with late varieties being exported. Cara Cara oranges, grapefruit, and lemons continued to
be harvested, packed, and shipped to foreign and domestic markets. Seedless tangerines remained netted to prevent cross
pollination. Citrus groves continued to be irrigated. By month’s end, Cara Cara orange harvest was almost over, with
shipments primarily being domestic due to quality concerns.

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

California noncitrus fruits and nuts: In Napa County, sulfur applications on grapes and the suckering of grape vines
continued. In Fresno County, rain and cloudy weather prolonged the bloom period for grapes. Growers continued to
monitor the grape crop for powdery mildew and proactively applied fungicide programs as needed. Grape bloom was
completed by mid-month. Cherries and apricots were being harvested and peach orchards were being thinned. Pesticide
sprays on almond and pistachio orchards continued. Canopy management including shoot separation, shoot thinning, and
leaf removal was completed, in order to improve the canopy microclimate. Walnut orchard irrigation continued. Sprays
were administered to eliminate the weeds. Other controls such as mowing were also being utilized to manage weeds. In
Madera County, applications of fungicide and micronutrients were applied to grapes. Vines were at full bloom or setting
berries. Pesticide sprays were applied to tree fruit orchards. Fungicide and miticide applications on almond orchards were
completed. In Stanislaus County, stone fruit continued to be thinned and orchards were irrigated. Early varieties of
apricots, peaches, nectarines, and plums were harvested. Reflective plastic was placed in some orchards to help promote
color. Summer pruning was started in some stone fruit orchards. The cherry harvest was going strong early in the month
with small amounts being exported. Leaves were pulled from grape vines to improve air flow and sun light. Almond trees
were showing rapid growth. In Tulare County, apricots, early peaches, and nectarines were harvested. Later varieties of
stone fruit continued to be thinned and irrigated. Olive bloom was completed by mid-month. Pistachios and stored
almonds continued to be packed and shipped to domestic and foreign markets. Almond trees showed rapid nut
development. Cherry harvest slowed down significantly throughout several counties. In Merced County, husk fly traps
were placed in almond orchards. In Sutter and Yuba Counties, almonds were developing quickly. Pistachio orchards
received nutrient sprays.
Grapefruit: The United States 2015-2016 grapefruit crop is forecast at 825,000 tons, unchanged from last month’s
forecast but down 7 percent from last season’s final utilization. In Florida, expected production, at 10.9 million boxes, is
unchanged from last month but down 16 percent from last year. California and Texas grapefruit production forecasts were
carried forward from the previous forecast.
Tangerines and mandarins: The United States tangerine and mandarin crop is forecast at 948,000 tons, up slightly from
last month and up 11 percent from last season’s final utilization. If realized, this will be the largest production since
records began in 1964-1965. The Florida forecast is up 1 percent from the previous month but down 37 percent from last
year’s utilized production. The California tangerine and mandarin production forecast was carried forward from the
previous forecast. Estimates for Arizona have been discontinued.
Tangelos: Florida’s tangelo forecast is 390,000 boxes (18,000 tons), unchanged from last month but down 41 percent
from last season’s final utilization. The production is the lowest since the 1958-1959 season.
Hops: Area strung for harvest in 2016 for Washington, Oregon, and Idaho is forecast at 51,115 acres, 17 percent more
than the 2015 crop of 43,633 acres. Washington, with 37,475 acres for harvest, accounts for 73 percent of the
United States total acreage. Oregon hop growers plan to string 7,669 acres, or 15 percent of the United States total for
2016, with Idaho hop growers accounting for the remaining 12 percent, or 5,971 acres strung for harvest. Acreage
increased in all three States from 2015 and, if realized, will be record high in Idaho, Washington and the United States.
The 2016 crop in the Pacific Northwest was reported as good. Erratic weather has resulted in higher disease pressure from
downy and powdery mildew. Warm spring weather resulted in early runoff of Cascade Mountain snowpack. Growers
expected to manage any potential water shortages with efficient drip irrigation systems.
Sugarbeets: Production of sugarbeets for the 2015 crop year is revised to 35.4 million tons, up slightly from the January
end of season estimate and 13 percent above 2014. Planted area totaled 1.16 million acres, unchanged from the previous
estimate. Harvested area totaled 1.15 million acres, up slightly from the previous estimate. The United States yield, at
30.9 tons per acre, is up slightly from the previous estimate and up 3.6 tons per acre from 2014.
Sugarcane: Production of sugarcane for sugar and seed in 2015 is revised to 32.3 million tons, down 3 percent from the
March estimate but up 6 percent from 2014. Area harvested for sugar and seed totaled 887,300 acres for the 2015 crop
year, down 4,400 acres from March but up 18,800 acres from the previous year. Yield for sugar and seed is estimated at
36.4 tons per acre, down 0.9 ton from the previous estimate but up 1.4 tons from 2014.

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Sweet potatoes: Production of sweet potatoes in 2015 totaled 31.0 million cwt, unchanged from the Crop Production
2015 Summary released in January 2016 but up 5 percent from the previous year. Growers harvested 153,100 acres, up
13 percent from 2014. Yield per acre, at 203 cwt, is unchanged from January but down 16 cwt from the previous year.
Maple syrup: The 2016 United States maple syrup production totaled 4.21 million gallons, up 23 percent from the
previous year. The number of taps is estimated at 12.6 million, up 5 percent from the 2015 total. Yield per tap is estimated
to be 0.335 gallon, up 17 percent from the previous season’s yield. Pennsylvania reported a record high number of taps in
2016, while Massachusetts and Vermont reported record high production.
Producers were encouraged to tap earlier this season by the warmer than normal temperatures. The earliest sap flow
reported was January 1 in Pennsylvania, Vermont and West Virginia. The latest sap flow reported to open the season was
February 15 in Minnesota. On average, the season lasted 33 days, compared with 26 days in 2015.
The 2015 United States average price per gallon was $36.70, up $0.30 from 2014. Value of production, at $126 million
for 2015, was up 8 percent from the previous season. Beginning in 2016, Indiana, Minnesota, and West Virginia were
added to the maple syrup estimating program.

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Statistical Methodology
Wheat survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between May 25 and June 7 to
gather information on expected yield as of June 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in 10 States that accounted
for 68 percent of the 2015 winter wheat production. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported
acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made
within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. Counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and
number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that will be harvested. The counts are used with
similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to
obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the heads are clipped, threshed, and
weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting
loss.
The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet, and personal interview.
Approximately 4,500 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about the probable yield
on their operation. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of
average yields.
Orange survey procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the June 1 forecast was conducted in Florida, which
accounts for about 63 percent of the United States production. Bearing tree numbers are determined at the start of the
season based on a tree inventory survey conducted every year combined with special surveys. From mid-July to
mid-September, the number of fruit per tree is determined. In August and subsequent months, fruit size measurement and
fruit droppage surveys are conducted, which combined with the previous components and are used to develop the current
forecast of production. California and Texas conduct grower and packer surveys on a quarterly basis in October, January,
April, and July. California also conducts objective measurement surveys in September for Navel oranges and in March for
Valencia oranges.
Wheat estimating procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for
reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather
patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each Regional Field Office submits their
analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State
analyses to prepare the published June 1 forecasts.
Orange estimating procedures: State level objective yield estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors,
reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The Florida Field Office submits its analysis of the current
situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the Florida survey data and their analysis to prepare
the published June 1 forecast. The June 1 orange production forecasts for California and Texas are carried forward from
April.
Revision policy: The June 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month
throughout the growing season. End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the wheat marketing
season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks.
Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. End-of-season
orange estimates will be published in the Citrus Fruits Summary released in September. The orange production estimates
are based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from marketing orders,
shipments, and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use.
Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the June 1 production forecast, the “Root Mean Square Error,” a
statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the June 1 production forecast and the
final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage deviations for the
latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the “Root Mean Square Error.”
Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final
end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent
years.
30

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

The "Root Mean Square Error" for the June 1 winter wheat production forecast is 5.7 percent. This means that chances are
2 out of 3 that the current winter wheat production will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 5.7 percent.
Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 9.8 percent. Differences between
the June 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the past 20 years have averaged 73 million
bushels, ranging from 4 million to 242 million bushels. The June 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 11 times and
above 9 times. This does not imply that the June 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final
production.
The "Root Mean Square Error" for the June 1 orange production forecast is 1.6 percent. However, if you exclude the three
abnormal production seasons (one freeze season and two hurricane seasons), the “Root Mean Square Error” is 1.7 percent.
This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current orange production forecast will not be above or below the final
estimates by more than 1.6 percent, or 1.7 percent when excluding abnormal seasons. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent
confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 2.8 percent, or 3.0 percent when excluding abnormal seasons.
Changes between the June 1 orange forecast and the final estimates during the past 20 years have averaged 127,000 tons
(142,000 tons, excluding abnormal seasons), ranging from 5,000 tons to 368,000 tons (23,000 tons to 368,000 tons
excluding abnormal seasons). The June 1 forecast for oranges has been below the final estimate 8 times and above
12 times (below 5 times and above 12 times, excluding abnormal seasons). The difference does not imply that the June 1
forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production.

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Information Contacts
Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact
for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to [email protected]
Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch ....................................................................................................... (202) 720-2127
Anthony Prillaman, Head, Field Crops Section .................................................................................... (202) 720-2127
Angie Considine – Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum ................................................................... (202) 720-5944
Tony Dahlman – Oats, Soybeans ..................................................................................................... (202) 690-3234
Chris Hawthorn – Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet .............................................................................. (202) 720-9526
James Johanson – County Estimates, Hay ....................................................................................... (202) 690-8533
Scott Matthews – Crop Weather, Barley .......................................................................................... (202) 720-7621
Jean Porter – Rye, Wheat ................................................................................................................. (202) 720-8068
Bianca Pruneda – Peanuts, Rice ....................................................................................................... (202) 720-7688
Travis Thorson – Sunflower, Other Oilseeds ................................................................................... (202) 720-7369
Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section ............................................ (202) 720-2127
Vincent Davis – Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries,
Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Cherries ................................................................................................ (202) 720-2157
Fleming Gibson – Citrus, Coffee, Tropical Fruits............................................................................ (202) 720-5412
Greg Lemmons – Berries, Cranberries, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes .................................................. (202) 720-4285
Dave Losh – Hops ............................................................................................................................ (360) 709-2400
Dan Norris – Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, Mint,
Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, Wrinkled Seed Peas, Dry Beans .................................................. (202) 720-3250
Daphne Schauber – Floriculture, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Nursery, Tree Nuts ................................. (202) 720-4215
Chris Singh – Apples, Apricots, Plums, Prunes, Tobacco .............................................................. (202) 720-4288

Crop Production (June 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Access to NASS Reports
For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways:
 All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov
 Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e-mail subscription. To set-up this free
subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on “National” or “State” in upper right corner above “search”
box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive.
For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540,
7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: [email protected].

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for
employment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where
applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's
income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic information in employment or in any program
or activity conducted or funded by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs and/or
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If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination, complete the USDA Program Discrimination
Complaint Form (PDF), found online at http://www.ascr.usda.gov/complaint_filing_cust.html, or at any USDA office, or
call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may also write a letter containing all of the information requested in the
form. Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department of Agriculture, Director, Office of
Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax (202) 690-7442 or email at
[email protected].

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