Attachment F - 7 CFR 249

Attachment F
7 CFR 249

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ELECTRONIC CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS
e-CFR data is current as of July 15, 2019
Title 7 → Subtitle B → Chapter II → Subchapter A → Part 249
Title 7: Agriculture
PART 249—SENIOR FARMERS' MARKET NUTRITION PROGRAM (SFMNP)
Contents
Subpart A—General
§249.1 General purpose and scope.
§249.2 Definitions.
§249.3 Administration.
Subpart B—State Agency Eligibility
§249.4 State Plan.
§249.5 Selection of new State agencies.
Subpart C—Participant Eligibility
§249.6 Participant eligibility.
§249.7 Nondiscrimination.
Subpart D—Participant Benefits
§249.8 Level of benefits and eligible foods.
§249.9 Nutrition education.
Subpart E—State Agency Provisions
§249.10
§249.11
§249.12
§249.13
§249.14
§249.15
§249.16

Coupon, market, and CSA program management.
Financial management system.
SFMNP costs.
Program income.
Distribution of funds to State agencies.
Closeout procedures.
Administrative appeal of State agency decisions.

Subpart F—Monitoring and Review of State Agencies
§249.17 Management evaluations and reviews.
§249.18 Audits.
§249.19 Investigations.
Subpart G—Miscellaneous Provisions
§249.20
§249.21
§249.22
§249.23
§249.24
§249.25
§249.26
§249.27

Claims and penalties.
Procurement and property management.
Nonprocurement debarment/suspension, drug-free workplace, and lobbying restrictions.
Records and reports.
Data safeguarding procedures.
Other provisions.
SFMNP information.
OMB Control Number.

AUTHORITY: 7 U.S.C. 3007.

SOURCE: 71 FR 74630, Dec. 12, 2006, unless otherwise noted.

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Subpart A—General

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§249.1 General purpose and scope.
(a) This part announces regulations under which the Secretary of Agriculture shall carry out the Senior Farmers' Market
Nutrition Program (SFMNP). The purposes of the SFMNP are to:
(1) Provide resources in the form of fresh, nutritious, unprepared, locally grown fruits, vegetables, honey, and herbs from
farmers' markets, roadside stands, and community supported agriculture (CSA) programs to low-income seniors;
(2) Increase the domestic consumption of agricultural commodities by expanding or aiding in the expansion of domestic
farmers' markets, roadside stands, and CSAs; and
(3) Develop or aid in the development of new and additional farmers' markets, roadside stands, and CSAs.
(b) These goals will be accomplished through payment of cash grants to approved State agencies. The SFMNP shall be
supplementary to the food stamp program carried out under the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2011, et seq.), and to any
other Federal or State food or nutrition assistance program under which foods are distributed to needy families in lieu of food
stamps.
[71 FR 74630, Dec. 12, 2006, as amended at 74 FR 48374, Sept. 23, 2009]

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§249.2 Definitions.
For the purpose of this part and all contracts, guidelines, instructions, forms and other documents related hereto, the term:
Administrative costs means those direct and indirect costs (as defined in—249.12(a)(1)(ii)), exclusive of food costs, which
State agencies determine to be necessary to support SFMNP operations. Administrative costs include, but are not limited to,
the costs associated with administration and start-up; the provision of nutrition education; SFMNP coupon issuance; participant
education covering coupon redemption procedures; eligibility determinations; outreach services; printing SFMNP coupons,
processing redeemed coupons, and training farmers, market managers, and/or farmers who operate CSA programs on the food
delivery system; monitoring and reviewing program operations; required reporting and recordkeeping; determining which local
sites will be utilized; recruiting and authorizing farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA programs to participate
in the SFMNP; preparing contracts for farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA programs; developing a data
processing system for redemption and reconciliation of coupons; designing program training and informational materials; and
coordinating SFMNP implementation responsibilities between designated administering agencies.
Bulk purchase means a program model in which bulk quantities of certain produce items, such as apples or sweet
potatoes, are purchased directly from authorized farmers by the State agency, and are then equitably divided among and
distributed directly to eligible SFMNP participants, either at a central distribution point (such as a local senior center) or through
some type of home delivery network.
Community supported agriculture (CSA) program means a program under which a farmer or group of farmers grows food
for a group of shareholders (or subscribers) who pledge to buy a portion of the farmer's crop(s) for that season. State agencies
may purchase shares or subscribe to a community supported agriculture program on behalf of individual SFMNP participants.
Compliance buy means a covert, on-site investigation in which a SFMNP representative poses as a SFMNP participant or
authorized representative and attempts to transact one or more SFMNP coupons, or, in the case of CSA programs, attempts to
obtain eligible foods purchased with SFMNP funds at a distribution site.
Coupon means a check or other negotiable financial instrument by which benefits under the program are transferred to
program participants.
Days means calendar days.
Department means the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Distribution site means the location where packages of eligible foods are assembled for and/or distributed to SFMNP
participants who are shareholders in CSA programs.
Eligible foods means fresh, nutritious, unprepared, locally grown fruits, vegetables, honey, and herbs for human
consumption. Eligible foods may not be processed or prepared beyond their natural state except for usual harvesting and
cleaning processes. Dried fruits or vegetables, such as prunes (dried plums), raisins (dried grapes), sun-dried tomatoes, or
dried chili peppers are not considered eligible foods. Potted fruit or vegetable plants, potted or dried herbs, wild rice, nuts of any
kind (even raw), maple syrup, cider, seeds, eggs, meat, cheese and seafood are also not eligible foods for purposes of the
SFMNP.
Farmer means an individual authorized to sell eligible foods at participating farmers' markets and/or roadside stands, and
through CSAs. Individuals who exclusively sell produce grown by someone else, such as wholesale distributors, cannot be

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authorized to participate in the SFMNP. A participating State agency has the option to authorize individual farmers or farmers'
markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA programs.
Farmers' market means an association of local farmers who assemble at a defined location for the purpose of selling their
produce directly to consumers.
Federally recognized Indian tribal government means the same as the definition of that term found at 2 CFR part 200,
Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards, subpart A, Acronyms and
Definitions and USDA implementing regulations 2 CFR part 400 and part 415, i.e., the governing body or a governmental
agency of any Indian tribe, band, organization, or other organized group or community (including any Native village as defined
in section 3 of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act, 85 Stat. 688) certified by the Secretary of the Interior as eligible for the
special programs and services provided by the Secretary through the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
Fiscal year means the period of 12 calendar months beginning October 1 of any calendar year and ending September 30
of the following calendar year.
FNS means the Food and Nutrition Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Food costs means the cost of eligible foods purchased at authorized farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or through
bulk purchases or CSA programs.
Household means a group of related or nonrelated individuals who are living together as one economic unit.
Local agency means any nonprofit entity or local government agency that certifies eligible participants, issues SFMNP
coupons, arranges for distribution of eligible foods through CSA programs, and/or provides nutrition education or information on
operational aspects of the Program to SFMNP participants.
Locally grown means grown within State borders. If the State agency chooses, locally grown may also mean grown in
areas of States adjacent to that State, as long as such areas are part of the United States.
Nonprofit agency means a private agency that is exempt from the payment of Federal income tax under the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (26 U.S.C. 1, et seq.).
Nutrition education means:
(1) Individual or group sessions; and
(2) The provision of relevant materials, in keeping with the individual's personal, cultural, and socioeconomic preferences
and the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, that:
(i) Emphasize relationships between nutrition and health; and
(ii) Encourage participants to build healthful eating patterns, and to take action for good health.
OIG means FNS' Office of Inspector General.
Participant means a person or household who meets the eligibility requirements of the SFMNP and to whom coupons or
equivalent benefits have been issued.
Program or SFMNP means the Senior Farmers' Market Nutrition Program authorized by Section 4402 of the Farm Security
and Rural Investment Act of 2002, 7 U.S.C. 3007.
Proxy means an individual authorized by an eligible senior to act on the senior's behalf, including application for
certification, receipt of SFMNP coupons or other benefits, use of SFMNP coupons at authorized outlets, and/or acceptance of
SFMNP foods provided through a CSA program, as long as the SFMNP benefits are ultimately received by the eligible senior.
The terms proxy and authorized representative may be used interchangeably for purposes of this program.
Roadside stand means a location at which an individual farmer sells his/her produce directly to consumers. This is in
contrast to a group or association of farmers selling their produce at a farmers' market or through a CSA program. The term
roadside stand may be used interchangeably with the term farmstand as defined in §248.2 of this chapter.
Senior means an individual 60 years of age or older, or as defined in §249.6(a)(1).
SFPD means the Supplemental Food Programs Division of the Food and Nutrition Service of the U.S. Department of
Agriculture.
Shareholder means a SFMNP participant for whom a full or partial share in a community supported agriculture program
has been purchased by the State agency, and who receives SFMNP benefits in the form of actual eligible foods rather than
coupons that must be exchanged for eligible foods at farmers' markets and/or roadside stands.

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State means any of the 50 States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam,
and as applicable, American Samoa or the Commonwealth of the Northern Marianas.
State agency means the agriculture, aging, or health department, or any other agency approved by the Chief Executive
Officer of the State that has administrative responsibility for the SFMNP; an intertribal council or group that is an authorized
representative of Indian tribes, bands, or groups recognized by FNS of the Interior and that has an ongoing relationship with
such tribes, bands, or groups for other purposes and has contracted with them to administer the Program; or the appropriate
area office of the Indian Health Service, a division of FNS of Health and Human Services.
State Plan means a plan of SFMNP operation and administration that describes the manner in which the State agency
intends to implement, operate and administer all aspects of the SFMNP within its jurisdiction in accordance with §249.4.
WIC means the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children authorized by Section 17 of the
Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1786).
WIC Farmers' Market Nutrition Program (FMNP) means the nutrition assistance program authorized by Section 17(m) of
the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1786(m)), to provide resources to women, infants, and children who are nutritionally
at risk, in the form of fresh, nutritious, unprepared foods (such as fruits and vegetables) from farmers' markets; to expand the
awareness and use of farmers' markets; and to increase sales at such markets.
[71 FR 74630, Dec. 12, 2006, as amended at 74 FR 48374, Sept. 23, 2009; 81 FR 66497, Sept. 28, 2016]

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§249.3 Administration.
(a) Delegation to FNS. Within FNS, FNS shall act on behalf of the Department in the administration of the SFMNP. Within
FNS, SFPD and the FNS Regional Offices are responsible for SFMNP administration. FNS shall provide assistance to State
agencies and evaluate all levels of SFMNP operations to ensure that the goals of the SFMNP are achieved in the most effective
and efficient manner possible.
(b) Delegation to State agency. The State agency is responsible for the effective and efficient administration of the SFMNP
in accordance with the requirements of this Part; the requirements of FNS' regulations governing nondiscrimination (parts 15,
15a and 15b of this title), administration of grants (2 CFR part 200, Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and
Audit Requirements for Federal Awards and USDA implementing regulations 2 CFR part 400 and part 415), nonprocurement
debarment/suspension (2 CFR part 180, OMB Guidelines to Agencies on Government-wide Debarment and Suspension and
USDA implementing regulations 2 CFR part 417), drug-free workplace (2 CFR part 182, Government-wide Requirements for
Drug-Free Workplace), and lobbying (2 CFR part 200, subpart E, Cost Principles; and USDA implementing regulations 2 CFR
part 400, part 415, and part 418); FNS guidelines; FNS Instructions issued under the FNS Directives Management System; and
Office of Management and Budget Circular A-130 (For availability of OMB Circulars referenced in this section, see 5 CFR
1310.3). The State agency shall provide guidance to cooperating State and local agencies on all aspects of SFMNP operations.
State agencies may operate the SFMNP locally through nonprofit organizations or local government entities and must ensure
coordination among the appropriate agencies and organizations.
(c) Agreement and State Plan. Each State agency desiring to administer the SFMNP shall annually submit a State Plan of
Operations and enter into a written agreement with FNS for administration of the Program in the jurisdiction of the State agency
in accordance with the provisions of this Part. If the State agency administers both the SFMNP and the WIC Farmers' Market
Nutrition Program (FMNP), one consolidated State Plan may be submitted for both programs, in accordance with guidance
provided by FNS.
(d) Coordination with other agencies. The Chief Executive Officer of the State shall ensure coordination between the
designated administering State agency and any other State, local, or nonprofit agencies or entities involved in administering any
aspect of the SFMNP by ensuring that the agencies enter into a written agreement or letter/memorandum of understanding.
The written agreement or letter/memorandum of understanding must delineate the responsibilities of each agency, describe any
compensation for services, and must be signed by the designated representative of each agency. This agreement must be
submitted each year along with the State Plan.
(e) State staffing standards. Each State agency shall ensure that sufficient staff is available to administer the SFMNP
efficiently and effectively. This shall include, but not be limited to, sufficient staff to identify and certify eligible SFMNP
participants, provide program information and nutrition education to participants, and oversee coupon, market, and/or CSA
program management, fiscal reporting, monitoring, and training. The State agency shall provide in its State Plan an outline of
administrative staff and job descriptions for staff whose salaries will be paid from program funds.
[71 FR 74630, Dec. 12, 2006, as amended at 81 FR 66497, Sept. 28, 2016]

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Subpart B—State Agency Eligibility
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§249.4 State Plan.
(a) Requirements. By November 15 of each year, each applying or participating State agency shall submit to FNS for
approval a State Plan for the following year as a prerequisite to receiving funds under this section. If the State agency
administers both the SFMNP and the FMNP, one consolidated State Plan may be submitted for both programs, in accordance
with guidance provided by FNS. The State Plan must be signed by the State-designated official responsible for ensuring that
the Program is operated in accordance with the State Plan. FNS will provide written approval or denial of a completed State
Plan or amendment within 30 days of receipt. Portions of the State Plan that do not change annually need not be resubmitted.
However, the State agency shall provide the title of the sections that remain unchanged, as well as the year of the last Plan in
which the sections were submitted. At a minimum, the Plan must include the following items, which must include sufficient detail
to demonstrate the State agency's ability to meet the requirements of the SFMNP:
(1) A copy of the agreement between the designated administering State agency and any other cooperating State, local, or
nonprofit agencies or organizations for services such as certification of eligible participants, issuance of SFMNP coupons or
benefits, and/or nutrition education, as required in §249.3(d).
(2) A description of the State agency's procedures for identifying and certifying eligible SFMNP participants, including the
specific age and income criteria that will be used to determine SFMNP eligibility.
(3) An estimated number of participants for the fiscal year, and proposed months of operation.
(4) A detailed budget for the SFMNP, including:
(i) The minimum amount necessary to operate the SFMNP;
(ii) A description of the Federal and non-Federal funds that will be used to operate the Program; and
(iii) An assurance that no more than 50 percent of the Federal SFMNP grant will be used to support a CSA program model
for the delivery of SFMNP benefits.
(5) An outline of administrative staff and job descriptions.
(6) A detailed description of the SFMNP recordkeeping system including, but not limited to, the system for maintaining
separate records for SFMNP funds pertaining to financial operations, coupon issuance and redemption, authorization of
farmers, markets, and/or CSA programs, distribution of eligible foods through CSA programs, and SFMNP participation.
(7) A detailed description of the State agency's financial management system, including how the system will provide
accurate, current and complete disclosure of the program's financial status and required reports.
(8) A detailed description of the service area, including:
(i) The number and addresses of authorized farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and community supported
agriculture programs that participated in the SFMNP during the prior year; and
(ii) SFMNP certification/issuance sites (such as senior centers or senior housing facilities), including a map outlining the
service area and proximity of markets, roadside stands, and/or community supported agriculture programs to
certification/issuance or distribution sites that participated in the SFMNP during the prior year.
(9) A description of the coupon issuance system including:
(i) A description of how the State agency will target areas with the highest concentrations of eligible persons and greatest
access to farmers' markets and/or roadside stands;
(ii) The benefit level per participant, or household if benefits are issued on a household basis, including:
(A) How coupons will be issued;
(B) The value of benefits provided to each participant or household at each issuance during the year;
(C) The frequency of coupon issuance; and
(D) The total amount of SFMNP benefits issued to each participant or household during the year.
(iii) A method for instructing participants on the proper use of SFMNP coupons and the purpose of the SFMNP;
(iv) A method for ensuring that SFMNP coupons are issued only to eligible participants; and
(v) A method for preventing and identifying dual participation, in accordance with §249.6(d)(1).
(10) If the agency is using a “paperless” system, i.e., a system that does not issue actual coupons, a complete description
of how such a system will be operated in a manner that ensures the integrity of SFMNP funds and benefits.

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(11) A detailed description of the SFMNP coupon redemption process including:
(i) The procedures for ensuring the secure transportation and storage of SFMNP coupons;
(ii) A system for identifying and reconciling SFMNP coupons; and
(iii) The timeframes for SFMNP coupon redemption by participants, submission for payment by farmers or authorized
outlets (farmers' markets and/or roadside stands), and payment by the State agency.
(12) A description of the State agency's CSA program, if applicable, including:
(i) How the State agency will target and select community supported agriculture programs designed to provide SFMNP
benefits to eligible participants;
(ii) The annual benefit amount per participant or household, if benefits are issued on a household basis;
(iii) How CSA program contracts are developed, negotiated, and executed by the State agency;
(iv) How CSA program shares are allocated to eligible SFMNP participants;
(v) A method for instructing participants and farmers participating in the CSA program on the purpose of the SFMNP, and
the procedures for delivery and distribution of eligible foods provided for the SFMNP through the CSA;
(vi) A system to ensure receipt by eligible participants of eligible foods provided through a CSA program. Such a system
should include a written receipt or distribution log, with the participant's signature (or that of the eligible participant's proxy, if
proxies are allowed) and the date of each distribution;
(vii) The payment procedures for the CSA program(s) used by the State agency;
(viii) How the State agency ensures that the full value of eligible foods for which it has contracted is provided regularly
throughout the SFMNP season;
(ix) A listing of delivery dates and distribution sites for CSA program-provided eligible foods; and
(x) A system for ensuring that each SFMNP shareholder receives an equitable amount of eligible foods at each delivery,
and that the total value of the eligible foods provided under the SFMNP falls within the minimum and maximum Federal SFMNP
benefit levels, as specified in §249.8(b).
(13) A complete description of age- and circumstance-appropriate nutrition education to be provided to SFMNP
participants, including:
(i) The agencies that will provide the nutrition education;
(ii) The format(s) in which the nutrition education will be provided; and
(iii) The locations where nutrition education is likely to be provided.
(14) A detailed description of the State agency's system for managing its coupon, market, and CSA program management
systems, including:
(i) The criteria for authorizing farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or community supported agriculture programs,
including the agency responsible for authorization;
(ii) The procedures for training farmers, market managers, and/or CSA program farmers at authorization, and annually
thereafter;
(iii) The procedures for monitoring farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or community supported agriculture programs;
(iv) A description of the State agency's system for identifying high-risk farmers and farmers' markets, roadside stands,
and/or community supported agriculture programs, as set forth at §249.10(e)(2)(ii);
(v) The procedures for sanctioning farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or community supported agriculture
programs;
(vi) A facsimile of the SFMNP coupon, including the denominations of coupons that will be issued, and a clear indication of
where the participant/proxy and (if applicable) farmer are required to sign, stamp, or otherwise endorse the coupon before it can
be redeemed;
(vii) A complete listing of the fresh, nutritious, unprepared fruits, vegetables, honey, and herbs eligible for purchase under
the SFMNP;

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(viii) A description of SFMNP coupon replacement policy or statement that coupons will not be replaced; and
(ix) The State agency's procedures for handling participant and farmer/farmers' market, roadside stands, and CSA program
complaints.
(15) A system for ensuring that SFMNP coupons are redeemed only by authorized farmers/farmers' markets/roadside
stands, and only for eligible foods.
(16) A system for identifying SFMNP coupons that are redeemed or submitted for payment outside valid dates or by
unauthorized farmers/farmers' markets/roadside stands.
(17) A copy of the written agreement to be used between the State agency and authorized farmers/farmers' markets,
roadside stands, and/or CSA programs. In those States that authorize farmers' markets, but not individual farmers, this
agreement shall specify in detail the role of and procedures to be used by farmers' markets for monitoring and sanctioning
farmers, and the appropriate procedures to be used by a farmer to appeal a sanction or disqualification imposed by a farmers'
market.
(18) If available, information on the change in consumption of fresh fruits, vegetables, honey, and herbs by SFMNP
participants. This information shall be submitted as an addendum to the State Plan and shall be submitted at a date specified
by the Secretary.
(19) If available, information on the effects of the program on farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA programs.
This information shall be submitted as an addendum to the State Plan and shall be submitted at a date specified by the
Secretary.
(20) A description of the procedures the State agency will use to comply with the civil rights requirements described in
§249.7(a), including the processing of discrimination complaints.
(21) A copy of the State agency's fair hearing procedures for SFMNP participants and the administrative appeal
procedures for local agencies, farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA programs.
(22) State agencies that have not previously participated in the SFMNP must provide:
(i) A description of the need for the SFMNP in that State agency;
(ii) The specific goals and objectives of the SFMNP, designed to fulfill the purpose of the Program as set forth in §249.1;
and
(iii) A capability statement that includes a summary description of any prior experience with farmers' market projects or
programs, including information and data describing the attributes of such projects or programs.
(23) For State agencies making expansion requests, documentation that demonstrates:
(i) The need for an increase in funding;
(ii) That the use of the increased funding will be consistent with serving eligible SFMNP participants by expanding benefits
to more persons, by enhancing current benefits, or a combination of both, and expanding the awareness and use of farmers'
markets, roadside stands, and CSA programs;
(iii) The ability of the State agency to operate the existing SFMNP satisfactorily;
(iv) The management capabilities of the State agency to expand; and
(v) Whether, in the case of a State agency that intends to use the funding to increase the value of the Federal benefits
received by a participant, the funding provided will increase the rate of coupon redemption.
(b) Amendments. At any time after approval, the State agency may amend the State Plan to reflect changes. The State
agency shall submit such amendments to FNS for approval. The proposed amendments shall be signed by the Statedesignated official responsible for ensuring that the SFMNP is operated in accordance with the State Plan. The amendments
must be approved by FNS prior to implementation.
(c) Retention of copy. A copy of the approved State Plan shall be kept on file at the State agency for public inspection.
[71 FR 74630, Dec. 12, 2006, as amended at 74 FR 48374, 48375, Sept. 23, 2009]

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§249.5 Selection of new State agencies.
In selecting new State agencies, FNS will use objective criteria to rank and approve State plans submitted in accordance
with §249.4. In making this ranking, FNS will consider the amount of funds necessary to operate the SFMNP successfully in the

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State compared with other States and with the total amount of funds available to the SFMNP, the number of participants
estimated to be served, and the projected benefit level. Approval of a State Plan does not equate to an obligation on the part of
FNS to fund the SFMNP within that State.
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Subpart C—Participant Eligibility
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§249.6 Participant eligibility.
(a) Eligibility for certification. Individuals who are eligible to receive Federal benefits under the SFMNP are those who meet
the following criteria:
(1) Categorical eligibility. Participants must be not less than 60 years of age, except that State agencies may exercise the
option to deem Native Americans who are 55 years of age or older as categorically eligible for SFMNP benefits. State agencies
may, at their discretion, also deem disabled individuals less than 60 years of age who are currently living in housing facilities
occupied primarily by older individuals where congregate nutrition services are provided, as categorically eligible to receive
SFMNP benefits.
(2) Residency requirement. The State agency may establish a residency requirement for SFMNP applicants. The State
agency may determine a service area for any local agency, and may require that an applicant be residing within the service
area at the time of application to be eligible for the Program. However, the State agency may not impose any durational or fixed
residency requirements.
(3) Income eligibility. The State agency must ensure that local agencies determine income eligibility through the use of a
clear and simple application process approved by the State agency. Participants must have a maximum household income of
not more than 185 percent of the annual poverty income guidelines, or be determined automatically income eligible based on
current participation/eligibility to receive benefits in another means-tested program, as designated by the State agency, for
which income eligibility is set at or below 185 percent of the poverty income guidelines and for which documentation of family
income is required. FNS will announce the income poverty guidelines annually.
(b) Documentation of income eligibility—(1) Automatically income eligible applicants. The State or local agency must
require applicants determined to be automatically income eligible to provide documentation of their eligibility to participate in
another means-tested assistance program, as designated by the State agency.
(2) Other applicants. (i) The State or local agency must require all other applicants to provide, at a minimum, a signed
statement affirming that their household size and income does not exceed the maximum income eligibility standard in use by
the State agency.
(ii) If the State agency offers a benefit of more than $50 per participant through a CSA program, it must require
documentation of household size and income from all participants receiving the higher benefit level.
(iii) The State agency has the option to require all applicants to provide documentation of family income at certification,
and/or to require verification of the information provided by the applicant.
(c) Certification periods. Participants may be certified only for the current fiscal year's SFMNP period of operation. Eligibility
must be determined at the beginning of each period of operation. Prior fiscal year certifications may not be carried over into
subsequent fiscal years, but the State agency may make use of its participant enrollment listings from the prior fiscal year in its
outreach efforts for the current fiscal year.
(d) Participant rights and responsibilities. Where a significant number or proportion of the population eligible to be served
needs information regarding participation in the SFMNP in a language other than English, reasonable steps must be taken to
provide this information in the appropriate language(s) to such persons, considering the scope of the Program and the size and
concentration of such population(s). In order to inform applicants and participants or their authorized representatives/proxies of
SFMNP rights and responsibilities, State/local agencies must provide the following information:
(1) During the certification process, every program applicant or authorized representative must be informed of the illegality
of dual participation, i.e., obtaining SFMNP benefits from more than one service delivery area or from more than one SFMNP
program model (coupon system and CSA program) within the same service delivery area.
(2) At the time of certification, each SFMNP applicant or authorized representative must read or have read to him or her the
following statements or similar statements:
I have been advised of my rights and obligations under the SFMNP. I certify that the information I have provided for my eligibility determination is
correct, to the best of my knowledge. This certification form is being submitted in connection with the receipt of Federal assistance. Program officials
may verify information on this form. I understand that intentionally making a false or misleading statement or intentionally misrepresenting, concealing,
or withholding facts may result in paying the State agency, in cash, the value of the food benefits improperly issued to me and may subject me to civil
or criminal prosecution under State and Federal law.

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Standards for eligibility and participation in the SFMNP are the same for everyone, regardless of race, color, national origin, age, disability, or sex.
I understand that I may appeal any decision made by the local agency regarding my eligibility for the SFMNP.

(3) During the certification visit, each participant or authorized representative must:
(i) Receive an explanation of how to use his/her SFMNP coupons at farmers' markets and roadside stands, and/or how
SFMNP foods will be provided under the CSA program in that service delivery area; and
(ii) Be advised of the other types of services that are available to SFMNP participants, where such services are located,
how they may be obtained, and why they may be useful.
(4) Persons found ineligible for the SFMNP during a certification visit must be advised in writing of their ineligibility, of the
reasons for their ineligibility, and of their right to a fair hearing. The reasons for ineligibility must be properly documented and
must be retained on file at the local agency. Such notice is not required when participation is denied solely because of lack of
sufficient funding to provide SFMNP benefits to all eligible applicants.
(5) When a State or local agency pursues collection of a claim pursuant to §249.20(c) against an individual who has been
issued SFMNP benefits for which she/he is not eligible, the person must be advised in writing of the reason(s) for the claim, the
value of the improperly issued benefits that must be repaid, and of his/her right to a fair hearing.
(e) Certification without charge. Certification for the SFMNP must be performed at no cost to the applicant or the authorized
representative.
(f) Use of proxies or authorized representatives. At the State agency's discretion, a senior may designate an authorized
representative (proxy) to apply for certification, shop at the farmers' market or roadside stands, and/or pick up their eligible
foods from CSA program distribution sites on his/her behalf if the senior is unable to perform these actions. The State agency
must obtain a signed statement from the eligible senior designating another individual as his/her authorized representative. A
senior who has been certified t/ receive SFMNP b%nefits may designate an authorized representat)ve at any point d5ring the
program's period of operation.
(g) Processing standards. (1) Applicants for the SFMNP must be notified of their eligibility or ineligibility for benefits, or of
their placement on a waiting list, as described in paragraph (g)(2) of this section, within 15 days from the date of application.
(2) When all available program benefits have been allocated to eligible participants, and there is a reasonable expectation
that additional funds may become available to provide further SFMNP benefits to eligible seniors, the local agency must
maintain a waiting list of individuals who contact the local agency to apply for the Program. Individuals must be notified of their
placement on a waiting list within 15 days after they contact the local agency to request Program benefits. To enable the local
agency to contact these individuals when caseload space becomes available, the waiting list must include the name of the
applicant, the date placed on the waiting list, and an address or phone number of the applicant.
(h) Limitations on certification. If necessary to limit the number of participants, State agencies may impose additional
eligibility requirements, such as limiting participant certification to certain geographic areas. Each State agency must specifically
identify these limitations on certification in its State Plan.
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§249.7 Nondiscrimination.
(a) Civil rights requirements. (1) The State agency must comply with the following requirements to ensure that no person
shall, on the grounds of race, color, national origin, age, sex or disability, be excluded from participation, be denied benefits, or
be otherwise subjected to discrimination, under the SFMNP:
(i) Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964;
(ii) Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972;
(iii) Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973;
(iv) The Age Discrimination Act of 1975;
(v) Department of Agriculture regulations on nondiscrimination (parts 15, 15a and 15b of this title); and
(vi) Applicable FNS Instructions, including requirements for racial and ethnic participation data collection, public notification
of the nondiscrimination policy, and annual reviews of each local agency's racial and ethnic participation data (as required by
title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964).
(2) Compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, Section 504 of
the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the Age Discrimination Act of 1975, and regulations and instructions issued thereunder shall
include, but not be limited to:

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(i) Notification to the public of the nondiscrimination policy and complaint rights of participants and potentially eligible
persons, which may be satisfied through FNS' required nondiscrimination statement on brochures and publications;
(ii) Review and monitoring activity to ensure SFMNP compliance with the nondiscrimination laws and regulations; and
(iii) Establishment of grievance procedures for handling participant complaints based on sex and handicap.
(b) Complaints. Persons seeking to file discrimination complaints may file them either with the Secretary of Agriculture, or
the Director, Office of Civil Rights, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 or with the office established by the State agency to handle
discrimination grievances or complaints. All complaints received by State agencies that allege discrimination based on race,
color, national origin, or age shall be referred to the Secretary of Agriculture or the Director of the Office of Civil Rights, USDA.
A State agency may process complaints that allege discrimination based on sex or disability if grievance procedures are in
place.
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Subpart D—Participant Benefits
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§249.8 Level of benefits and eligible foods.
(a) General. State agencies must identify in the State Plan the fresh, nutritious, unprepared, locally grown fruits,
vegetables, honey, and herbs that are eligible for purchase under the SFMNP. Eligible foods may not be processed or prepared
beyond their natural state except for usual harvesting and cleaning processes. Dried fruits or vegetables, such as prunes (dried
plums), raisins (dried grapes), sun-dried tomatoes, or dried chili peppers are not considered eligible foods in the SFMNP.
Potted fruit or vegetable plants, potted or dried herbs, wild rice, nuts of any kind (even raw), maple syrup, cider, seeds, eggs,
meat, cheese, and seafood are also not eligible for purposes of the SFMNP. “Locally grown” means produce grown only within
a State's borders but may be defined by State agencies to include border areas in adjacent States. Under no circumstances
may produce grown outside of the United States and its territories be considered eligible food.
(b) The value of the Federal benefits received. (1) The Federal SFMNP benefit level received by each participant, whether
individual or household, may not be less than $20 per year or more than $50 per year, except that:
(i) A State agency that operated the SFMNP in FY 2006 may continue to issue the same level of benefits that was provided
to participants in FY 2006, even if the benefit level was less than $20;
(ii) Participants served by a State agency that operated the SFMNP through a CSA program model in FY 2006 may, at the
State agency's discretion, continue to receive the same CSA benefit levels that were provided to such participants in FY 2006,
subject to the conditions set forth at §249.14(e)(3), Distribution of Funds; and
(iii) Participants who are participating in the SFMNP through a CSA program may receive a higher total benefit level than
participants participating in a check or coupon program model, as long as that level is consistent for all Senior CSA program
participants and does not exceed the $50 annual maximum per individual or household, except as provided in paragraph (b)(1)
of this section.
(2) The total value of SFMNP benefits provided in a combination of program models, such as coupons/checks and bulk
purchase, may not exceed the $50 maximum benefit level set forth in paragraph 249.8(b)(1).
(c) Participant or household benefit allocation. (1) All SFMNP participants living in the areas served by the State agency
must be offered the same amount of SFMNP benefits, regardless of the program model(s) used by that State agency.
(2) Benefits may be allocated on an individual or on a household basis.
(3) Foods provided are intended for the sole benefit of SFMNP participants and are not meant to be shared with other nonparticipating household members.
(4) Participants must receive SFMNP benefits free of charge.
[71 FR 74630, Dec. 12, 2006, as amended at 74 FR 48374, Sept. 23, 2009]

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§249.9 Nutrition education.
(a) Goal. Nutrition education shall emphasize the relationship of proper nutrition to good health, including the importance of
consuming fruits and vegetables.
(b) Requirement. The State agency shall integrate nutrition education into SFMNP operations and may satisfy nutrition
education requirements through coordination with other agencies within the State. State agencies wishing to coordinate
nutrition education with another State agency or organization must enter into a written cooperative agreement with such

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agencies to offer nutrition education relevant to the use and nutritional value of foods available to SFMNP participants. In cases
where SFMNP participants are receiving relevant nutrition education from an agency other than the administering State agency,
the provision of nutrition education is an allowable administrative cost under the SFMNP.
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Subpart E—State Agency Provisions
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§249.10 Coupon, market, and CSA program management.
(a) General. This section sets forth State agency responsibilities regarding the authorization of farmers, farmers' markets,
roadside stands, and/or CSA programs. The State agency is responsible for the fiscal management of and accountability for
SFMNP-related activities for farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and CSA programs. Each State agency may decide
whether to authorize individual farmers and farmers' markets separately, or to authorize only farmers' markets. In addition, each
State agency may decide whether to authorize roadside stands and/or CSA programs. The State agency may authorize a
farmer for participation in a farmers' market, a roadside stand, and/or CSA program simultaneously. All contracts or agreements
entered into by the State agency for the management or operation of farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA
programs shall conform to the requirements of 2 CFR part 200 and USDA implementing regulations 2 CFR part 400 and part
415.
(1) Only farmers, farmers' markets, and/or roadside stands authorized by the State agency may redeem SFMNP coupons.
Only farmers authorized by the State agency, or having a valid agreement with an authorized farmers' market, may redeem
coupons. Only CSA programs authorized by the State agency may receive payment from the State agency at the beginning of
the planting season, in order to provide eligible foods to senior participants who are shareholders.
(2) The State agency must establish criteria for the authorization of individual farmers and/or farmers' markets, roadside
stands, and/or CSA programs. Any authorized farmer, farmers' market, roadside stand and/or CSA program must agree to sell
participants only those foods identified as eligible by the State agency. State agencies may determine farmers, farmers' markets
and/or roadside stands as automatically authorized to participate in the SFMNP based on current authorization to operate in the
FMNP under part 248 of this chapter. Individuals who exclusively sell produce grown by someone else, such as wholesale
distributors, cannot be authorized to participate in the SFMNP, except individuals employed by a farmer otherwise qualified
under these regulations, or individuals hired by a nonprofit organization to sell produce at roadside stands on behalf of local
farmers.
(3) The State agency must ensure that an appropriate number of farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA
programs are authorized for adequate participant access in the area(s) proposed to be served and for effective management of
the farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA programs by the State agency.
(4) The State agency may establish criteria to limit the number of authorized farmers, farmers' markets, and/or roadside
stands.
(5) The State agency must limit the value of shares awarded to CSA programs to no more than 50 percent of their total
Federal SFMNP food grant, except in the case of a State agency that has grandfathered a CSA program model into the
permanent SFMNP that uses more than 50 percent of the total Federal SFMNP food grant for the CSA program. The State
agency shall make efforts to select the CSA program(s) that provides the greatest variety of eligible foods.
(6) The State agency may purchase bulk quantities of eligible foods directly from authorized farmers. Such foods must then
be equitably divided among and distributed directly to eligible SFMNP participants. SFMNP participants who have received
checks or coupons to purchase eligible foods earlier in the season may also receive foods through the bulk purchase option as
long as the total combined value of the benefits provided to each SFMNP participant does not exceed $50, as stipulated in
§249.8(b).
(7) The State agency shall ensure that training is conducted prior to start up of the first year of SFMNP participation of an
individual farmer, farmers' market, roadside stand, and/or CSA program. The training shall include at a minimum those items
listed in paragraph (d) of this section, and may be delivered in a variety of methods, including but not limited to classroom
settings, telephone conferences, videoconferences, and web-based training modules.
(8) Authorized farmers shall display a sign stating that they are authorized to redeem SFMNP coupons.
(9) Authorized farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA programs shall comply with the requirements of
Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of
1973, the Age Discrimination Act of 1975, Department of Agriculture regulations on nondiscrimination (parts 15, 15a and 15b of
this title), and FNS Instructions as outlined in §249.7.
(10) The State agency shall ensure that there is no conflict of interest between the State or local agency and any
participating farmer, farmers' market, roadside stand and/or CSA program.

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(b) Farmer, farmers' market, roadside stand, and/or CSA program agreements. The State agency shall ensure that all
participating farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA programs enter into written agreements with the State agency.
State agencies that authorize individual farmers shall also enter into written agreements with the individual farmers. The
agreement must be signed by a representative who has legal authority to obligate the farmer, farmers' market, roadside stand,
and/or CSA program. Agreements must include a description of sanctions for noncompliance with SFMNP requirements and
shall contain, at a minimum, the following specifications, although the State agency may determine the exact wording to be
used:
(1) The farmer, farmers' market and/or roadside stand shall:
(i) Provide such information as the State agency may require for its periodic reports to FNS;
(ii) Assure that SFMNP coupons are redeemed only for eligible foods;
(iii) Provide eligible foods at or less than the price charged to other customers;
(iv) Accept SFMNP coupons within the dates of their validity and submit such coupons for payment within the allowable
time period established by the State agency;
(v) In accordance with a procedure established by the State agency, mark each transacted coupon with a farmer identifier.
In those cases where the agreement is between the State agency and the farmer and/or roadside stand, each transacted
SFMNP coupon shall contain a farmer identifier and shall be batched for reimbursement under that identifier. In those cases
where the agreement is between the State agency and the farmers' market, each transacted SFMNP coupon shall contain a
farmer identifier and be batched for reimbursement under a farmers' market identifier.
(vi) Accept training on SFMNP procedures and provide training to farmers and any employees with SFMNP responsibilities
on such procedures;
(vii) Agree to be monitored for compliance with SFMNP requirements, including both overt and covert monitoring;
(viii) Be accountable for actions of farmers or employees in the provision of eligible foods and related activities;
(ix) Pay the State agency for any coupons transacted in violation of this agreement;
(x) Offer SFMNP participants the same courtesies as other customers;
(xi) Comply with the nondiscrimination provisions of USDA regulations as provided in §249.7; and
(xii) Notify the State agency if any farmer, farmers' market or roadside stand ceases operation prior to the end of the
authorization period.
(2) The farmer, farmers' market and/or roadside stand shall neither:
(i) Seek restitution from SFMNP participants for coupons not paid by the State agency; nor
(ii) Issue cash change for purchases that are in an amount less than the value of the SFMNP coupon(s); nor
(iii) Collect tax on SFMNP coupon purchases.
(3) The CSA program shall:
(i) Provide such information as the State agency may require for its periodic reports to FNS;
(ii) Assure that SFMNP participants receive only eligible foods;
(iii) Provide eligible foods to their SFMNP shareholders at or less than the price charged to other customers;
(iv) Assure that the shareholder receives eligible foods that are of equitable value and quantity to their share;
(v) Assure that all funds from the State agency are used for planting of crops for SFMNP shareholders;
(vi) Provide to the State agency access to a tracking system that determines the value of the eligible foods provided and
the remaining value owed to each SFMNP shareholder;
(vii) Assure that SFMNP shareholders/authorized representatives provide written acknowledgement of receipt of eligible
foods;
(viii) Accept training on SFMNP procedures and provide training to farmers and any employees with SFMNP
responsibilities for such procedures;
(ix) Agree to be monitored for compliance with SFMNP requirements, including both overt and covert monitoring;

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(x) Be accountable for actions of farmers or employees in the provision of eligible foods and related activities;
(xi) Offer SFMNP shareholders the same courtesies as other customers;
(xii) Notify the State agency immediately when the CSA program is experiencing a problem with its crops, and may be
unable to provide SFMNP shareholders with the complete amount of eligible foods agreed upon between the CSA program and
the State agency;
(xiii) Comply with the nondiscrimination provisions of USDA regulations as provided in §249.7; and
(xiv) Notify the State agency if any CSA program ceases operation prior to the end of the authorization period.
(4) The CSA program shall not substitute ineligible produce when eligible foods are not available.
(5) Neither the State agency nor the farmer, farmers' market, roadside stand, and/or CSA program has an obligation to
renew the agreement. The State agency or the farmer, farmers' market, roadside stand and/or CSA program may terminate the
agreement for cause after providing advance written notification.
(6) The State agency may deny payment to the farmer, farmers' market and/or roadside stand for improperly redeemed
SFMNP coupons and may demand refunds for payments already made on improperly redeemed coupons.
(7) The State agency may demand a refund from any CSA program that fails to provide the full benefit to all SFMNP
shareholders as specified in its contract, or that provides ineligible foods as substitutes for eligible foods.
(8) The State agency may disqualify a farmer, farmers' market, roadside stand, and/or CSA program for SFMNP violations.
The farmer, farmers' market, roadside stand, and/or CSA program has the right to appeal a denial of an application to
participate, a disqualification, or a SFMNP sanction by the State agency. Expiration of a contract or agreement with a farmer,
farmers' market, roadside stand, and/or CSA program, and claims actions under §249.20, are not appealable.
(9) A farmer, farmers' market, roadside stand, and/or CSA program, which commits fraud or engages in other illegal activity
is liable to prosecution under applicable Federal, State or local laws.
(10) Agreements may not exceed 3 years.
(c) Agreements with farmers' markets that do not authorize individual farmers. Those State agencies that authorize
farmers' markets but not individual farmers shall require authorized farmers' markets to enter into a written agreement with each
farmer within the market that is participating in SFMNP. The State agency must set forth the required terms for the agreement
and provide a sample agreement that may be used.
(d) Annual training for farmers, farmers' market managers and/or farmers that operate a roadside stand or CSA program.
State agencies shall conduct annual training for farmers, farmers' market managers, and/or farmers who operate a CSA
program in the SFMNP. The State agency must conduct interactive training for all farmers and farmers' market managers who
have never previously participated in the SFMNP. After a farmer/farmers' market manager's first year of SFMNP operation,
State agencies have discretion in determining the method used for annual training purposes. At a minimum, annual training
shall include instruction emphasizing:
(1) Eligible food choices;
(2) Proper SFMNP coupon redemption procedures, including deadlines for submission of coupons for payment, and/or
receipt of payment for CSA programs' distribution of eligible foods;
(3) Equitable treatment of SFMNP participants, including the availability of eligible foods to SFMNP participants that are of
the same quality and cost as that sold to other customers;
(4) Civil rights compliance and guidelines;
(5) Guidelines for storing SFMNP coupons safely; and
(6) Guidelines for cancelling SFMNP coupons, such as punching holes or rubber-stamping.
(e) Monitoring and review of farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, CSA programs and local agencies. The State
agency shall be responsible for the monitoring of farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, CSA programs and local agencies
within its jurisdiction. This shall include developing a system for identifying high risk farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands,
and/or CSA programs, and ensuring on-site monitoring, conducting further investigation, and sanctioning of such farmers,
farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA programs as appropriate. In States where both the SFMNP and the FMNP are
in operation, these monitoring/review requirements may be coordinated to avoid duplication. If the same farmers, farmers'
markets, and/or roadside stands are authorized for both programs, a review conducted by one program may be counted toward
the requirement for the other program.

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(1) Where coupon reimbursement responsibilities are delegated to farmers' market managers, farmers' market
associations, or nonprofit organizations, the State agency may establish bonding requirements for these entities. Costs of such
bonding are not reimbursable administrative expenses.
(2)(i) Each State agency shall rank participating farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA programs by risk
factors, and shall conduct annual, on-site monitoring of at least 10 percent of farmers, 10 percent of farmers' markets, 10
percent of roadside stands, and 10 percent of the CSA programs or one of each program model, whichever is greater, which
shall include those farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA programs identified as being the highest-risk.
(ii) Mandatory high-risk indicators include:
(A) A proportionately high volume of SFMNP coupons redeemed by a farmer within a farmers' market or at a single
roadside stand (as compared to other farmers within the farmers' market or within the State);
(B) Participant complaints;
(C) In the case of CSA programs, an extended or ongoing inability to provide the full SFMNP benefit to each shareholder
as contracted; and
(D) Farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA programs in their first year of SFMNP operation. States are
encouraged to formally establish other high-risk indicators for identifying potential problems.
(iii) If additional high-risk indicators are established, they must be set forth in the farmers, farmers' market, roadside stand,
and/or CSA program agreement and in the State Plan. If application of the high-risk indicators results in fewer than 10 percent
of farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA programs being designated as high-risk, the State agency shall
randomly select additional farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA programs to be monitored in order to meet
the 10 percent minimum. The high-risk indicators listed above generally apply to a State agency already participating in the
SFMNP. A State agency participating in the SFMNP for the first time shall, in lieu of applying the high-risk indicators, randomly
select 10 percent of its participating farmers, 10 percent of its participating farmers' markets, 10 percent of its participating
roadside stands, and 10 percent of its participating CSA programs or at least one farmers' market, roadside stand, and/or CSA
program, whichever is greater, for monitoring visits.
(3)(i) The following shall be documented for all on-site monitoring visits to farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands,
and/or CSA programs, at a minimum:
(A) Names of both the farmer, farmers' market, roadside stand, and/or CSA program and the reviewer;
(B) Date of review;
(C) Nature of problem(s) detected or the observation that the farmer, farmers' market, roadside stand, and/or CSA program
appears to be in compliance with SFMNP requirements;
(D) Record of interviews with participants, market managers, farmers, and/or farmers who operate a CSA program; and
(E) Signature of the reviewer.
(ii) Reviewers are not required to notify the farmer, farmers' market, roadside stand, and/or CSA program of the monitoring
visit before, during, or immediately after the visit. The State agency shall do so after a reasonable delay when necessary to
protect the identity of the reviewer(s) or the integrity of the investigation.
(iii) In instances where the farmer, farmers' market, roadside stand, and/or CSA program will be permitted to continue
participating in the SFMNP after being informed of any deficiencies detected by the monitoring visit, the farmer, farmers' market,
roadside stand, and/or CSA program shall provide plans as to how the deficiencies will be corrected.
(4) At least every 2 years, the State agency must review all local agencies within its jurisdiction.
(f) Control of SFMNP coupons. The State agency must:
(1) Control and provide accountability for the receipt and issuance of SFMNP coupons;
(2) Ensure that there is secure transportation and storage of unissued SFMNP coupons; and
(3) Design and implement a system of review of SFMNP coupons to detect errors. At a minimum, the errors the system
must detect are a missing participant signature (if such signature is required by the State agency), a missing farmer and/or
market identification, and redemption by a farmer outside of the valid date. The State agency must have procedures in place to
reduce the number of errors in transactions.
(g) Payment to farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA programs. The State agency must ensure that
farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA programs are promptly paid for food costs.

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(h) Reconciliation of SFMNP coupons. The State agency shall identify the disposition of all SFMNP coupons as validly
redeemed, lost or stolen, expired, or not matching issuance records. Validly redeemed SFMNP coupons are those that are
issued to a valid participant and redeemed by an authorized farmer, farmers' market, and/or roadside stand within valid dates.
SFMNP coupons that were redeemed but cannot be traced to a valid participant or authorized farmer, farmers' market, and/or
roadside stand shall be subject to claims action in accordance with §249.20.
(1) If the State agency elects to replace lost, stolen or damaged SFMNP coupons, it must describe its system for doing so
in the State Plan.
(2) The State agency must use uniform SFMNP coupons within its jurisdiction.
(3) SFMNP coupons must include, at a minimum, the following information:
(i) The last date by which the participant may use the coupon. This date shall be no later than November 30 of each year.
(ii) A date by which the farmer or farmers' market must submit the coupon for payment. When establishing this date, State
agencies shall take into consideration the date financial statements are due to the FNS, and allow time for the corresponding
coupon reconciliation that must be done by the State agency prior to submission of financial statements. Financial statements
are due to FNS by January 30.
(iii) A unique and sequential serial number.
(iv) A denomination (dollar amount).
(v) A farmer identifier for the redeeming farmer when agreements are between the State agency and the farmer.
(vi) In those instances where State agencies have agreements with farmers' markets, there must be a farmer identifier on
each coupon and a market identifier on the cover of coupons that are batched by the market manager for reimbursement.
(i) Instructions to participants. Each participant must receive instruction on the redemption of the SFMNP coupons, or
participation in a CSA program (where applicable), including, but not limited to:
(1) A list of names and addresses of authorized farmers, farmers' markets, and/or roadside stands at which SFMNP
coupons may be redeemed, or procedures on the home-delivery process;
(2) Procedures to designate a proxy;
(3) The name and address of the authorized farmer of the CSA program, and locations of distribution sites;
(4) A description of eligible foods and the prohibition against cash change for SFMNP purchases of eligible foods;
(5) A description of eligible foods that will be provided through the CSA program;
(6) A schedule outlining a timeframe for distribution of the eligible foods from the CSA program; and
(7) An explanation of his/her right to complain about improper farmer, farmers' market, roadside stand, and/or CSA
program practices with regard to SFMNP responsibilities and the process for doing so.
(j) Participant and farmer, farmers' market, roadside stand, and/or CSA program complaints. The State agency must have
procedures that document the handling of complaints from participants and farmers/farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or
CSA programs. Complaints of civil rights discrimination shall be handled in accordance with §249.7(b).
(k) Participant and farmer, farmers' market, roadside stand, and/or CSA program sanctions. (1) The State agency must
establish policies which determine the type and level of sanctions to be applied against participants and farmers, farmers'
markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA programs based upon the severity and nature of the SFMNP violations observed, and
such other factors as the State agency determines appropriate, such as whether repeated offenses have occurred over a period
of time. Farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA programs may be sanctioned, disqualified, or both, when
appropriate. Sanctions may include fines for improper SFMNP coupon redemption and the penalties outlined in §249.20, in the
case of deliberate fraud.
(2) In those instances where compliance purchases are conducted, the results of covert compliance purchases can be a
basis for farmer, farmers' market, and/or roadside stand sanctions.
(3) A farmer, farmers' market, roadside stand, and/or CSA program committing fraud or other unlawful activities are liable
to prosecution under applicable Federal, State or local laws.
(4) State agency policies must ensure that a farmer that is disqualified from the SFMNP at one market, roadside stand, or
CSA program shall not participate in the SFMNP at any other farmers' market, roadside stand or CSA program in the State's
jurisdiction during the disqualification period.

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(5) State agency policies must ensure that a farmer, farmers' market, roadside stand, and/or CSA program that is
disqualified from participating in the WIC Farmers' Market Nutrition Program is also disqualified from participating in the SFMNP
in the State's jurisdiction during the disqualification period.
[71 FR 74630, Dec. 12, 2006, as amended at 74 FR 48375, Sept. 23, 2009; 81 FR 66497, Sept. 28, 2016]

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§249.11 Financial management system.
(a) Disclosure of expenditures. The State agency must maintain a financial management system that provides accurate,
current and complete disclosure of the financial status of the SFMNP. This must include an accounting for all property and other
assets and all SFMNP funds received and expended each fiscal year.
(b) Internal controls. The State agency shall maintain effective controls over and accountability for all SFMNP funds. The
State agency must have effective internal controls to ensure that expenditures financed with SFMNP funds are authorized and
properly chargeable to the SFMNP.
(c) Record of expenditures. The State agency must maintain records that adequately identify the source and use of funds
expended for SFMNP activities. These records must contain, but are not limited to, information pertaining to authorization,
receipt of funds, obligations, unobligated balances, assets, liabilities, outlays, and income.
(d) Payment of costs. The State agency must implement procedures that ensure prompt and accurate payment of
allowable costs, and ensure the allowability and allocability of costs in accordance with the cost principles and standard
provisions of this part, 2 CFR part 200, subpart E, and USDA implementing regulations 2 CFR parts 400 and 415, and FNS
guidelines and Instructions.
(e) Identification of obligated funds. The State agency must implement procedures that accurately identify obligated
SFMNP funds at the time the obligations are made.
(f) Resolution of audit findings. The State agency shall implement procedures that ensure timely and appropriate resolution
of claims and other matters resulting from audit findings and recommendations.
(g) Reconciliation of food instruments. The State agency must reconcile SFMNP coupons in accordance with §249.10(h).
(h) Transfer of cash. The State agency must establish the timing and amounts of its cash draws against its Letter of Credit
in accordance with 31 CFR part 205.
[71 FR 74630, Dec. 12, 2006, as amended at 83 FR 14174, Apr. 3, 2018]

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§249.12 SFMNP costs.
(a) General—(1) Composition of allowable costs. In general, a cost item will be deemed allowable if it is reasonable and
necessary for SFMNP purposes and otherwise satisfies allowability criteria set forth in 2 CFR part 200, subpart E, and USDA
implementing regulations 2 CFR parts 400 and 415. SFMNP purposes include the administration and operation of the SFMNP.
Allowable SFMNP costs may be classified as follows:
(i) Food costs and administrative costs. Food costs are the costs of eligible foods provided to SFMNP participants.
Administrative costs are the costs associated with providing SFMNP benefits and services to participants and generally
administering the SFMNP. Specific examples of allowable administrative costs are listed in paragraph (b) of this section. A
State agency may use up to 10 percent of its total Federal SFMNP grant to cover administrative costs. Any costs incurred for
food and/or administration above the Federal grant level will be the State agency's responsibility.
(ii) Direct and indirect costs. Direct costs are food and administrative costs incurred specifically for the SFMNP. Indirect
costs are administrative costs that benefit multiple programs or activities, and cannot be identified to any one program or activity
without effort disproportionate to the results achieved. In accordance with the provisions of 2 CFR part 200, subpart E and
USDA implementing regulations 2 CFR part 400 and part 415, a claim for reimbursement of indirect costs shall be supported by
an approved allocation plan for the determination of such costs. An indirect cost rate developed through such an allocation plan
may not be applied to a base that includes food costs.
(2) Costs allowable with prior approval. A State or local agency must obtain prior approval in accordance with 2 CFR part
200, subpart E, and USDA implementing regulations 2 CFR parts 400 and 415 before charging to the SFMNP any capital
expenditures and other cost items designated by 2 CFR part 200, subpart E, and USDA implementing regulations 2 CFR parts
400 and 415 as requiring such approval.
(3) Unallowable costs. Costs that are not reasonable and necessary for SFMNP purposes, or that do not otherwise satisfy
the cost principles of 2 CFR part 200, subpart E and USDA implementing regulations 2 CFR part 400 and part 415, are
unallowable. Notwithstanding any other provision of 2 CFR part 200, subpart E and USDA implementing regulations 2 CFR part

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400 and part 415, the cost of constructing or operating a farmers' market is unallowable. The use of SFMNP funds to
supplement congregate meal programs is prohibited. Unallowable costs may never be claimed for Federal reimbursement.
(b) Specified allowable administrative costs. Allowable administrative costs include the following:
(1) The costs associated with administration and start-up;
(2) The costs associated with the provision of nutrition education that meets the requirements of §249.9;
(3) The costs of SFMNP coupon issuance, or participant education covering proper coupon redemption procedures;
(4) The cost of eligibility determinations and outreach services;
(5) The costs associated with the coupon and market management process, such as printing SFMNP coupons, processing
redeemed coupons, purchasing bags or other containers to be used in home-delivery and bulk purchase operations, and
training farmers, market managers, and/or farmers who operate CSA programs on SFMNP operations;
(6) The cost of monitoring and reviewing Program operations;
(7) The cost of SFMNP training;
(8) The cost of required reporting and recordkeeping;
(9) The cost of determining which local sites will be utilized;
(10) The cost of recruiting and authorizing farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA programs to participate
in the SFMNP;
(11) The cost of preparing contracts for farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA programs;
(12) The cost of developing a data processing system for redemption and reconciliation of SFMNP coupons;
(13) The cost of designing program training and informational materials; and
(14) The cost of coordinating SFMNP responsibilities between designated administering agencies.
[71 FR 74630, Dec. 12, 2006, as amended at 81 FR 66497, Sept. 28, 2016; 83 FR 14174, Apr. 3, 2018]

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§249.13 Program income.
Program income means gross income the State agency earns from grant supported activities. It includes fees for services
performed and receipts from the use or rental of real or personal property acquired with Federal grant funds, but does not
include proceeds from the disposition of such property. The State agency must retain Program income earned during the
agreement period and use it for Program purposes in accordance with the addition method described in 2 CFR part 200,
subpart D, Post Federal Award Requirements and USDA implementing regulations 2 CFR part 400 and part 415. Fines,
penalties or assessments paid by local agencies or farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA program are also
deemed to be Program income. The State agency must ensure that the sources and applications of Program income are fully
documented.
[71 FR 74630, Dec. 12, 2006, as amended at 81 FR 66497, Sept. 28, 2016]

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§249.14 Distribution of funds to State agencies.
(a) State Plan and agreement. As a prerequisite to the receipt of Federal funds, a State agency must have its State Plan
approved and must execute an agreement with FNS in accordance with §249.3(c).
(b) Distribution of SFMNP funds to previously participating State agencies. Provided that sufficient SFMNP funds are
available, each State agency that participated in the SFMNP in any prior fiscal year shall receive not less than the amount of
funds the State agency received in the most recent fiscal year in which it received funding, if it otherwise complies with the
requirements established in this Part.
(c) Ratable reduction. If amounts appropriated for any fiscal year for grants under the SFMNP are not sufficient to pay to
each previously participating State agency at least an amount as identified in paragraph (b) of this section, each State agency's
grant must be ratably reduced. However, to the extent permitted by available funds, each State agency shall receive at least
$75,000 or the amount that the State agency received for the most recent prior fiscal year in which the State participated, if that
amount is less than $75,000.

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(d) Expansion of participating State agencies and establishment of new State agencies. Any SFMNP funds remaining for
allocation after meeting the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section shall be allocated in the following manner:
(1) Of the remaining funds, 75 percent shall be made available to State agencies already participating in the SFMNP that
wish to serve additional participants or increase the current benefit level. If this amount is greater than that necessary to satisfy
all State Plans approved for expansion, the unallocated amount shall be applied toward satisfying any unmet need in paragraph
(d)(2) of this section.
(2) Of the remaining funds, 25 percent shall be made available to State agencies that have not participated in the SFMNP
in any prior fiscal year. If this amount is greater than that necessary to satisfy the approved State Plans for new States, the
unallocated amount shall be applied toward satisfying any unmet need in paragraph (d)(1) of this section. FNS reserves the
right not to fund every State agency with an approved State Plan.
(e) Expansion for current State agencies. In providing funds to State agencies that participated in the SFMNP in the
previous fiscal year, FNS must consider on a case-by-case basis the following factors:
(1) Whether the State agency utilized at least 80 percent of its prior year food grant. States that did not spend at least 80
percent of their prior year food grant may still be eligible for expansion funding if, in the judgment of FNS, good cause existed
which was beyond the management control of the State, such as severe weather conditions or unanticipated decreases in
participant caseload;
(2) Documentation supporting the funds expansion request as outlined in §249.4(a)(23); and
(3) Whether the State agency currently issues a participant benefit greater than $50. Such State agencies will not be
eligible to receive additional SFMNP funds for expansion until the maximum participant benefit no longer exceeds $50.
(f) Funding of new State agencies. Funds will be awarded to new SFMNP State agencies in accordance with §249.5.
(g) Administrative funding. A State agency will have available for administrative costs an amount not greater than 10
percent of the total SFMNP funds it receives.
(h) Recovery of unused funds. State agencies must return to FNS any unexpended funds made available for a given fiscal
year by February 1 of the following fiscal year.
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§249.15 Closeout procedures.
(a) General. State agencies must submit to FNS a final closeout report for the fiscal year on a form prescribed by FNS and
on a date specified by FNS.
(b) Grant closeout procedures. When grants to State agencies are terminated, the following procedures shall be followed in
accordance with 2 CFR part 200, subpart D and USDA implementing regulations 2 CFR part 400 and part 415.
(1) FNS may disqualify a State agency's participation under the SFMNP, in whole or in part, or take such remedies as may
be appropriate, whenever FNS determines that the State agency failed to comply with the conditions prescribed in this part, in
its Federal-State Agreement, or in FNS guidelines and Instructions. FNS will promptly notify the State agency in writing of the
disqualification together with the effective date.
(2) FNS may terminate a grant when both parties agree that continuation under the SFMNP would not produce beneficial
results commensurate with the further expenditure of funds.
(3) Upon termination of a grant, the affected agency may not incur new obligations after the effective date of the
disqualification, and must cancel as many outstanding obligations as possible. FNS will allow full credit to the State agency for
the Federal share of the noncancellable obligations properly incurred by the State agency prior to disqualification, and the State
agency shall do the same for farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA programs.
(4) A grant closeout shall not affect the retention period for, or Federal rights of access to, SFMNP records as specified in
§249.23(a). The closeout of a grant does not affect the responsibilities of the State agency regarding property or with respect to
any SFMNP income for which the State agency is still accountable.
(5) A final audit is not a required part of the grant closeout and should not be needed unless there are problems with the
grant that require attention. If FNS considers a final audit to be necessary, it shall so inform OIG. OIG will be responsible for
ensuring that necessary final audits are performed and for any necessary coordination with other Federal cognizant audit
agencies or State or local auditors. Audits performed in accordance with §249.18 may serve as final audits providing such
audits meet the needs of requesting agencies. If the grant is closed out without an audit, FNS reserves the right to disallow and
recover an appropriate amount after fully considering any recommended disallowances resulting from an audit which may be
conducted later.
[71 FR 74630, Dec. 12, 2006, as amended at 81 FR 66497, Sept. 28, 2016]

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§249.16 Administrative appeal of State agency decisions.
(a) Requirements. The State agency shall provide a hearing procedure whereby applicants, participants, local agencies
and farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and/or CSA programs adversely affected by certain actions of the State agency
may appeal those actions.
(1) What may be appealed. (i) An applicant may appeal denial of certification of SFMNP benefits, except that no appeal is
available if certification is denied solely because of the lack of sufficient funding to provide SFMNP benefits to all eligible
applicants.
(ii) A participant may appeal disqualification/suspension of SFMNP benefits.
(iii) A local agency may appeal an action of the State agency disqualifying it from participating in the SFMNP.
(iv) A farmer, farmers' market, roadside stand, and/or CSA program may appeal an action of the State agency denying its
application to participate, imposing a sanction, or disqualifying it from participating in the SFMNP.
(2) What may not be appealed. Expiration of a contract or agreement shall not be subject to appeal.
(b) Time limit for request. The State or local agency must provide individuals, local agencies, farmers, farmers' markets,
roadside stands, and/or CSA programs a reasonable period of time to request a fair hearing. Such time limit must not be less
than 30 days from the date the agency mails or otherwise issues the notice of adverse action.
(c) Postponement pending decision. An adverse action may, at the State agency's option, be postponed until a decision in
the appeal is rendered.
(1) In a case where an adverse action affects a local agency or farmer, farmers' market, roadside stand, and/or CSA
program, a postponement is appropriate where the State agency finds that participants would be unduly inconvenienced by the
adverse action. In addition, the State agency may determine other relevant criteria to be considered in deciding whether or not
to postpone an adverse action.
(2) Applicants who are denied benefits at initial certification may appeal the denial, but must not receive SFMNP benefits
while awaiting the hearing. Participants who appeal the termination of benefits within the period of time provided under
paragraph (b) of this section must continue to receive Program benefits until the hearing official reaches a decision or the
certification period expires, whichever occurs first. This does not apply to participants whose certification period has already
expired or who become otherwise ineligible for SFMNP benefits. Participants who become ineligible during a certification, or
whose certification period expires, may appeal the termination, but must not receive benefits while awaiting the hearing.
(d) Procedure. The State agency hearing procedure shall at a minimum provide the participant, local agency or farmer,
farmers' market, roadside stand, and/or CSA program with the following:
(1) Written notification of the adverse action, the cause(s) for the action, and the effective date of the action, including the
State agency's determination of whether the action shall be postponed under paragraph (c) of this section if it is appealed, and
the opportunity for a hearing. Such notification shall be provided within a reasonable timeframe established by the State agency
and in advance of the effective date of the action.
(2) The opportunity to appeal the action within the time specified by the State agency in its notification of adverse action.
(3) Adequate advance notice of the time and place of the hearing to provide all parties involved sufficient time to prepare
for the hearing.
(4) The opportunity to present its case and at least one opportunity to reschedule the hearing date upon specific request.
The State agency may set standards on how many hearing dates can be scheduled, provided that a minimum of two hearing
dates is allowed.
(5) The opportunity to confront and cross-examine adverse witnesses.
(6) The opportunity to be represented by counsel or, in the case of a participant appeal, by a representative designated by
the participant, if desired.
(7) The opportunity to review the case record prior to the hearing.
(8) An impartial decision maker, whose decision as to the validity of the State agency's action shall rest solely on the
evidence presented at the hearing and the statutory and regulatory provisions governing the SFMNP. The basis for the decision
shall be stated in writing, although it need not amount to a full opinion or contain formal findings of fact and conclusions of law.
(9) Written notification of the decision in the appeal, within 60 days from the date of receipt of the request for a hearing by
the State agency.

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(e) Continuing responsibilities. When a farmer, farmers' market, roadside stand, CSA program, and/or local agency appeals
an adverse action (and is permitted to continue in the SFMNP while its appeal is pending), it continues to be responsible for
compliance with the terms of the written agreement or contract with the State agency.
(f) Judicial review. If a State level decision is rendered against the participant, local agency, farmer, farmers' market,
roadside stand, and/or CSA program and the appellant expresses an interest in pursuing a further review of the decision, the
State agency shall explain any further State level review of the decision and any available State level rehearing process. If
neither is available or both have been exhausted, the State agency shall explain the right to pursue judicial review of the
decision.
(g) Additional appeals procedures for State agencies that authorize farmers' markets and not individual farmers. A State
agency that authorizes farmers' markets and not individual farmers shall ensure that procedures are in place to be used when a
farmer seeks to appeal an action of a farmers' market or association denying the farmer's application to participate, or
sanctioning or disqualifying the farmer. The procedures shall be set forth in the State Plan and in the agreements entered into
by the State agency and the farmers' market and the farmers' market and the farmer.
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Subpart F—Monitoring and Review of State Agencies
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§249.17 Management evaluations and reviews.
(a) General. FNS and each State agency shall establish a management evaluation system in order to assess the
accomplishment of SFMNP objectives as provided under these regulations, the State Plan, and the written agreement with
FNS. FNS will:
(1) Provide assistance to State agencies in discharging this responsibility;
(2) Establish standards and procedures to determine how well the objectives of this part are being accomplished; and
(3) Implement sanction procedures as warranted by State SFMNP performance.
(b) Responsibilities of FNS. FNS will establish evaluation procedures to determine whether State agencies carry out the
purposes and provisions of this part, the State Plan, and the written agreement with FNS. As a part of the evaluation procedure,
FNS will review audits to ensure that the SFMNP has been included in audit examinations at a reasonable frequency. These
evaluations shall also include reviews of selected local agencies, and on-site reviews of selected farmers, farmers' markets,
roadside stands, and community supported agriculture programs. These evaluations will measure the State agency's progress
toward meeting the objectives outlined in its State Plan and the State agency's compliance with these regulations.
(1) FNS may withhold up to 10 percent of the State agency's total SFMNP grant if FNS determines that the State agency
has:
(i) Failed, without good cause, to demonstrate efficient and effective administration of its SFMNP; or
(ii) Failed to comply with the requirements contained in this section or the State Plan.
(2) Sanctions imposed upon a State agency by FNS in accordance with this section (but not claims for repayment
assessed against a State agency) may be appealed in accordance with the procedures established in §249.20(a). Before
carrying out any sanction against a State agency, the following procedures will be followed:
(i) FNS will notify the chief departmental officer of the administering agency in writing of the deficiencies found and of FNS'
intention to withhold administrative funds unless an acceptable corrective action plan is submitted by the State agency to FNS
within 45 days after mailing of notification.
(ii) The State agency shall develop a corrective action plan, including timeframes for implementation to address the
deficiencies and prevent their future recurrence.
(iii) If the corrective action plan is acceptable, FNS will notify the chief departmental officer of the administering agency in
writing within 30 days of receipt of the plan. The letter will advise the State agency of the sanctions to be imposed if the
corrective action plan is not implemented according to the schedule set forth in the approved plan.
(iv) Upon notification from the State agency that corrective action has been taken, FNS will assess such action and, if
necessary, perform a follow-up review to determine if the noted deficiencies have been corrected. FNS will then advise the
State agency of whether the actions taken are in compliance with the corrective action plan, and whether the deficiency is
resolved or further corrective action is needed. Compliance buys can be required if, during FNS management evaluations by
regional offices, a State agency is found to be out of compliance with its responsibility to monitor and review farmers, farmers'
markets, roadside stands, and community supported agriculture programs.

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(v) If an acceptable corrective action plan is not submitted within 45 days, or if corrective action is not completed according
to the schedule established in the corrective action plan, FNS may withhold the award of SFMNP administrative funds. If the 45day warning period ends in the fourth quarter of a fiscal year, FNS may elect not to withhold funds until the next fiscal year. In
such an event, FNS will notify the chief departmental officer of the administering State agency.
(vi) If compliance is achieved before the end of the fiscal year in which the SFMNP administrative funds are withheld, the
funds withheld may be restored to the State agency. FNS is not required to restore funds withheld beyond the end of the fiscal
year for which the funds were initially awarded.
(c) Responsibilities of State agencies. The State agency is responsible for meeting the following requirements:
(1) The State agency must establish evaluation and review procedures and document the results of such procedures. The
procedures must include, but are not limited to:
(i) Conducting annual monitoring reviews of participating farmers' markets, roadside stands, and community supported
agriculture programs. This includes on-site reviews of a minimum of 10 percent of farmers and 10 percent of each type of
authorized outlet (farmers' markets, roadside stands, and community supported agriculture programs), and includes those
farmers and authorized outlets identified as being at the highest risk. The first year of operation in the SFMNP shall be
considered a high-risk indicator. More frequent reviews may be performed, as the State agency deems necessary. In States
where both the SFMNP and the WIC Farmers' Market Nutrition Program are in operation, these reviews may be coordinated to
avoid duplication. A review by one program may be counted by the other program toward the monitoring requirement, provided
that appropriate sanction action is taken for all violations found.
(ii) Conducting monitoring reviews of all local agencies within the State agency's jurisdiction at least once every 2 years.
Monitoring of local agencies shall encompass, but not be limited to, evaluation of management, accountability, certification,
nutrition education, financial management systems, and coupon and/or CSA program management systems. When the State
agency conducts a local agency review outside of the SFMNP season, a review of documents and procedural plans of the
SFMNP, rather than actual SFMNP activities, is acceptable.
(iii) Instituting the necessary follow-up procedures to correct identified problem areas.
(2) On its own initiative or when required by FNS, the State agency must provide special reports on SFMNP activities, and
take positive action to correct deficiencies in SFMNP operations.
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§249.18 Audits.
(a) Federal access to information. The Secretary of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the Comptroller General of the
United States, or any of their duly authorized representatives, or duly authorized State auditors shall have access to any books,
documents, papers, and records of the State agency and their contractors, for the purpose of making surveys, audits,
examinations, excerpts, and transcripts.
(b) State agency response. The State agency may take exception to particular audit findings and recommendations. The
State agency shall submit a response or statement to FNS as to the action taken or planned regarding the findings. A proposed
corrective action plan developed and submitted by the State agency must include specific time frames for its implementation
and for completion of the correction of deficiencies and problems leading to the deficiencies.
(c) Corrective action. FNS will determine whether SFMNP deficiencies identified in an audit have been adequately
corrected. If additional corrective action is necessary, FNS shall schedule a follow-up review, allowing a reasonable time for
such corrective action to be taken.
(d) State sponsored audits. State and local agencies must conduct independent audits in accordance with 2 CFR part 200,
subpart F, Audit Requirements and USDA implementing regulations 2 CFR part 400 and part 415, as applicable. A State or
local agency may elect to obtain either an organization-wide audit or an audit of the Program if it qualifies to make such an
election under applicable regulations.
[71 FR 74630, Dec. 12, 2006, as amended at 81 FR 66497, Sept. 28, 2016]

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§249.19 Investigations.
(a) Authority. FNS may make an investigation of any allegation of noncompliance with this part and FNS guidelines and
instructions. The investigation may include, where appropriate, a review of pertinent practices and policies of any State and
local agency, the circumstances under which the possible noncompliance with this part occurred, and other factors relevant to a
determination as to whether the State and local agency has failed to comply with the requirements of this Part.
(b) Confidentiality. No State or local agency, participant, or other person shall intimidate, threaten, coerce, or discriminate
against any individual for the purpose of interfering with any right or privilege under this Part because that person has made a

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complaint or formal allegation, or has testified, assisted, or participated in any manner in an investigation, proceeding, or
hearing under this Part. The identity of every complainant shall be kept confidential except to the extent necessary to carry out
the purposes of this Part, including the conducting of any investigation, hearing, or judicial proceeding.
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Subpart G—Miscellaneous Provisions
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§249.20 Claims and penalties.
(a) Claims against State agencies. (1) If FNS determines through a review of the State agency's reports, program or
financial analysis, monitoring, audit, or otherwise, that any SFMNP funds provided to a State agency for food or administrative
purposes were, through State agency negligence or fraud, misused or otherwise diverted from SFMNP purposes, a formal
claim will be assessed by FNS against the State agency. The State agency must pay promptly to FNS a sum equal to the
amount of the administrative funds or the value of coupons and/or eligible foods so misused or diverted.
(2) If FNS determines that any part of the SFMNP funds received, coupons printed, and/or eligible foods otherwise lost by a
State agency were lost as a result of theft, embezzlement, or unexplained causes, the State agency must, on demand by FNS,
pay to FNS a sum equal to the amount of the money or the value of the SFMNP funds or coupons/eligible foods so lost.
(3) The State agency will have full opportunity to submit evidence, explanation or information concerning alleged instances
of noncompliance or diversion before a final determination is made in such cases.
(4) FNS is authorized to establish claims against a State agency for unreconciled SFMNP coupons, and/or for failure to
comply with the terms of duly executed CSA program contracts or agreements. When a State agency can demonstrate that all
reasonable management efforts have been devoted to reconciliation and 99 percent or more of the SFMNP coupons issued, or
of the eligible foods contracted for delivery by the CSA program, have been accounted for by the reconciliation process, FNS
may determine that the reconciliation process has been completed to satisfaction.
(b) Interest charge on claims against State agencies. If an agreement cannot be reached with the State agency for
payment of its debts or for offset of debts on its current Letter of Credit within 30 days from the date of the first demand letter
from FNS, FNS will assess an interest (late) charge against the State agency. Interest accrual shall begin on the 31st day after
the date of the first demand letter, bill or claim, and shall be computed monthly on any unpaid balance as long as the debt
exists. From a source other than the SFMNP, the State agency shall provide the funds necessary to maintain SFMNP
operations at the grant level authorized by FNS.
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§249.21 Procurement and property management.
(a) Requirements. State agencies must comply with the requirements of 2 CFR part 200, subpart D, and USDA
implementing regulations 2 CFR parts 400 and 415 for procurement of supplies, equipment and other services with SFMNP
funds. These requirements are adopted for use by FNS to ensure that such materials and services are obtained for the SFMNP
in an effective manner and in compliance with the provisions of applicable laws and executive orders.
(b) Contractual responsibilities. The standards contained in 2 CFR part 200, subpart D; Appendix II Contract Provisions for
Non-Federal Entity Contracts Under Federal Awards; and USDA implementing regulations 2 CFR part 400 and part 415 do not
relieve the State agency of the responsibilities arising under its contracts. The State agency is the responsible authority, without
recourse to FNS, regarding the settlement and satisfaction of all contractual and administrative issues arising out of
procurements entered into in connection with the SFMNP. This includes, but is not limited to, disputes, claims, protests of
award, source evaluation, or other matters of a contractual nature. Matters concerning violation of law are to be referred to such
local, State or Federal authority as may have proper jurisdiction.
(c) State regulations. The State agency may use its own procurement regulations provided that:
(1) Such regulations reflect applicable State and local regulations; and
(2) Any procurements made with SFMNP funds adhere to the standards set forth in 2 CFR part 200, subpart D, and USDA
implementing regulations 2 CFR parts 400 and 415.
(d) Property acquired with program funds. State and local agencies shall observe the standards prescribed in 2 CFR part
200, subpart D and USDA implementing regulations 2 CFR part 400 and part 415 in their utilization and disposition of real
property and equipment acquired in whole or in part with SFMNP funds.
[71 FR 74630, Dec. 12, 2006, as amended at 81 FR 66497, Sept. 28, 2016; 83 FR 14174, Apr. 3, 2018]

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§249.22 Nonprocurement debarment/suspension, drug-free workplace, and lobbying restrictions.
The State agency must ensure compliance with the requirements of FNS' regulations governing nonprocurement
debarment/suspension (2 CFR part 180, OMB Guidelines to Agencies on Government-wide Debarment and Suspension and
USDA implementing regulations 2 CFR part 417) and drug-free workplace (2 CFR part 182, Government-wide Requirements
for Drug-Free Workplace), as well as FNS' regulations governing restrictions on lobbying (2 CFR part 200, subpart E and USDA
implementing regulations 2 CFR part 400, part 415, and part 418), where applicable.
[; 81 FR 66498, Sept. 28, 2016

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§249.23 Records and reports.
(a) Recordkeeping requirements. Each State agency must maintain full and complete records concerning SFMNP
operations. Such records must comply with 2 CFR part 200, subpart D and USDA implementing regulations 2 CFR part 400
and part 415 and the following requirements:
(1) Records must include, but not be limited to, information pertaining to certification, financial operations, SFMNP coupon
issuance and redemption, authorized outlet (farmers, farmers' markets, and CSA program) agreements, authorized outlet
monitoring, CSA program agreements, invoices, delivery receipts, equipment purchases and inventory, nutrition education, fair
hearings, and civil rights procedures.
(2) All records must be retained for a minimum of 3 years following the date of submission of the final expenditure report for
the period to which the report pertains. If any litigation, claim, negotiation, audit or other action involving the records has been
started before the end of the 3-year period, the records must be kept until all issues are resolved, or until the end of the regular
3-year period, whichever is later. If FNS deems any of the SFMNP records to be of historical interest, it may require the State
agency to forward such records to FNS whenever the State agency is disposing of them.
(3) Records for nonexpendable property acquired in whole or in part with SFMNP funds must be retained for three years
after its final disposition.
(4) All records must be available during normal business hours for representatives of FNS of the Comptroller General of the
United States to inspect, audit, and copy. Any reports resulting from such examinations shall not divulge names of individuals.
(b) Financial and participant reports. State agencies must submit financial and SFMNP performance data on a yearly basis
as specified by FNS. Such information must include, but shall not be limited to:
(1) Number of participants served with Federal SFMNP funds;
(2) Value of coupons issued and/or eligible foods ordered under CSA programs;
(3) Value of coupons redeemed and/or eligible foods provided to participants under CSA programs; and
(4) Number of authorized outlets by type; i.e., farmers, farmers' markets, roadside stands, and CSA programs.
(c) Source documentation. To be acceptable for audit purposes, all financial and SFMNP performance reports must be
traceable to source documentation.
(d) Certification of reports. Financial and SFMNP reports must be certified as to their completeness and accuracy by the
person given that responsibility by the State agency.
(e) Use of reports. FNS will use State agency reports to measure progress in achieving objectives set forth in the State
Plan, and this part, or other State agency performance plans. If it is determined, through review of State agency reports,
SFMNP or financial analysis, or an audit, that a State agency is not meeting the objectives set forth in its State Plan, FNS may
request additional information including, but not limited to, reasons for failure to achieve these objectives.
[71 FR 74630, Dec. 12, 2006, as amended at 81 FR 66497, Sept. 28, 2016]

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§249.24 Data safeguarding procedures.
FNS and SFMNP State agencies will take reasonable steps to keep applicant and participant information/records private to
the extent provided by law. Such steps include a requirement for each State agency to restrict the use or disclosure of
information obtained from SFMNP applicants and participants to:
(a) Persons directly connected with the administration or enforcement of the SFMNP, including persons investigating or
prosecuting violations in the SFMNP under Federal, State or local authority;

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(b) Representatives of public organizations designated by the chief State agency officer (or, in the case of Indian Tribal
governments acting as SFMNP State agencies, the governing authority) that administer food, nutrition, or other assistance
programs that serve persons categorically eligible for the SFMNP. The State agency must execute a written agreement with
each such designated organization:
(1) Specifying that the receiving organization may employ SFMNP information only for the purpose of establishing the
eligibility of SFMNP applicants and participants for food, nutrition, or other assistance programs that it administers and conducts
outreach to SFMNP applicants and participants for such programs; and
(2) Containing the receiving organization's assurance that it will not, in turn, disclose the information to a third party.
(c) The Comptroller General of the United States for audit and examination authorized by law.
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§249.25 Other provisions.
(a) No aid reduction. Any programs for which a grant is received under this part shall be supplementary to the food stamp
program carried out under the Food Stamp Act of 1977 as amended (7 U.S.C. 2011, et seq.) and to any other Federal or State
food or nutrition assistance program.
(b) Statistical information. FNS reserves the right to use information obtained under the SFMNP in a summary, statistical or
other form that does not identify particular individuals.
(c) Exclusion of benefits in determining eligibility for other programs. The value of any benefit provided to any eligible
SFMNP recipient shall not be considered to be income or resources for any purposes under any Federal, State or local law.
[71 FR 74630, Dec. 12, 2006, as amended at 74 FR 48375, Sept. 23, 2009]

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§249.26 SFMNP information.
(a) Any person who wishes information, assistance, records or other public material must request such information from the
State agency, or from the FNS Regional Office serving the appropriate State as listed below:
(1) Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Rhode Island, Vermont: U.S. Department of
Agriculture, FNS, Northeast Region, 10 Causeway Street, Room 501, Boston, Massachusetts 02222-1066.
(2) Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Puerto Rico, Virginia, Virgin Islands, West
Virginia: U.S. Department of Agriculture, FNS, Mid-Atlantic Region, Mercer Corporate Park, 300 Corporate Boulevard,
Robbinsville, New Jersey, 08691-1598.
(3) Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee: U.S. Department of
Agriculture, FNS, Southeast Region, 61 Forsyth Street, SW., Room 8T36, Atlanta, Georgia 30303.
(4) Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin: U.S. Department of Agriculture, FNS, Midwest Region, 77 West
Jackson Boulevard—20th floor, Chicago, Illinois 60604-3507.
(5) Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas: U.S. Department of Agriculture, FNS, Southwest Region, 1100
Commerce Street, Room 555, Dallas, Texas 75242.
(6) Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, Wyoming: U.S. Department
of Agriculture, FNS, Mountain Plains Region, 1244 Speer Boulevard, Suite 903, Denver, Colorado 80204.
(7) Alaska, American Samoa, Arizona, California, Guam, Hawaii, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Trust Territory of the Pacific
Islands, the Northern Mariana Islands, Washington: U.S. Department of Agriculture, FNS, Western Region, 550 Kearny Street,
Room 400, San Francisco, California 94108.
(b) Inquiries pertaining to the SFMNP administered by a federally recognized Indian tribal organization (ITO) should be
addressed to the FNS Regional Office responsible for the geographic State in which that ITO is located.
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§249.27 OMB Control Number.
The information collection requirements for part 249 have been reviewed and approved by the Office of Management and
Budget (OMB). The OMB approval number is 0584-0541.
[72 FR 13671, Mar. 23, 2007]

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