BLS Employment Situation

Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until
8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, March 6, 2020

USDL-20-0379

Technical information:
Household data:
(202) 691-6378 • [email protected] • www.bls.gov/cps
Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • [email protected] • www.bls.gov/ces
Media contact:

(202) 691-5902 • [email protected]

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — FEBRUARY 2020
Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 273,000 in February, and the unemployment rate was
little changed at 3.5 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Notable job gains
occurred in health care and social assistance, food services and drinking places, government,
construction, professional and technical services, and financial activities.
Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted,
February 2018 – February 2020
Percent

5.5
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
Feb-18 May-18 Aug-18 Nov-18 Feb-19 May-19 Aug-19 Nov-19 Feb-20

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month change,
seasonally adjusted, February 2018 – February 2020
Thousands

450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
-50
Feb-18

May-18

Aug-18

Nov-18

Feb-19

May-19

Aug-19

Nov-19

Feb-20

This news release presents statistics from two monthly surveys. The household survey measures labor
force status, including unemployment, by demographic characteristics. The establishment survey
measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. For more information about the
concepts and statistical methodology used in these two surveys, see the Technical Note.
Household Survey Data
Both the unemployment rate, at 3.5 percent, and the number of unemployed persons, at 5.8 million,
changed little in February. The unemployment rate has been either 3.5 percent or 3.6 percent for the past
6 months. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for Asians declined to 2.5 percent in
February. The rates for adult men (3.3 percent), adult women (3.1 percent), teenagers (11.0 percent),
Whites (3.1 percent), Blacks (5.8 percent), and Hispanics (4.4 percent) showed little or no change over
the month. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)
The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more), at 1.1 million, changed
little in February and accounted for 19.2 percent of the unemployed. (See table A-12.)
The labor force participation rate remained at 63.4 percent in February. The employment-population
ratio, at 61.1 percent, changed little over the month but was up by 0.4 percentage point over the year.
(See table A-1.)
The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons, at 4.3 million, changed little in
February. These individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment, were working part time
because their hours had been reduced or they were unable to find full-time jobs. (See table A-8.)
In February, 1.4 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, little changed from the
previous month. These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and were available for work, and
had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months but had not looked for work in the 4 weeks prior to
the survey. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached who believed that no jobs were
available for them, numbered 405,000 in February, little different from the previous month. (See
Summary table A.)
Establishment Survey Data
Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 273,000 in February, after an increase of the same
magnitude in January. In 2019, job growth averaged 178,000 per month. In February, notable job gains
occurred in health care and social assistance, food services and drinking places, government,
construction, professional and technical services, and financial activities. (See table B-1.)
Employment in health care and social assistance increased by 57,000 in February. Health care added
32,000 jobs, with gains in offices of physicians (+10,000), home health care services (+10,000), and
hospitals (+8,000). Employment in social assistance increased by 25,000, with a majority of the gain in
individual and family services (+18,000). Over the past 12 months, employment increased by 368,000 in
health care and by 191,000 in social assistance.
Food services and drinking places added 53,000 jobs in February. Employment in the industry has
increased by 252,000 over the past 7 months, following a lull in job growth earlier in 2019.
In February, government employment increased by 45,000, led by a gain in state government education
(+16,000). Federal employment increased by 8,000, reflecting the hiring of 7,000 temporary workers for
the 2020 Census.
Construction added 42,000 jobs in February, following a similar gain in January (+49,000). In 2019,
job gains averaged 13,000 per month. In February, employment gains occurred in specialty trade
contractors (+26,000) and residential building (+10,000).
In February, employment in professional and technical services increased by 32,000. Job growth
occurred in architectural and engineering services (+10,000) and in scientific research and development
-2-

services (+5,000). Employment continued to trend up in computer systems design and related services
(+8,000). Over the past 12 months, professional and technical services has added 285,000 jobs.
Employment in financial activities increased by 26,000 in February, with gains in real estate (+8,000)
and in credit intermediation and related activities (+6,000). Over the past 12 months, financial activities
has added 160,000 jobs.
Employment in other major industries, including mining, manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail
trade, transportation and warehousing, and information, changed little over the month.
In February, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 9
cents to $28.52. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have increased by 3.0 percent.
Average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees increased by 8
cents to $23.96 in February. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)
The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 0.1 hour to 34.4 hours in
February. In manufacturing, the workweek increased by 0.2 hour to 40.7 hours, and overtime edged up
by 0.1 hour to 3.2 hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on
private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.1 hour to 33.7 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)
The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for December was revised up by 37,000 from
+147,000 to +184,000, and the change for January was revised up by 48,000 from +225,000 to
+273,000. With these revisions, employment gains in December and January combined were 85,000
higher than previously reported. (Monthly revisions result from additional reports received from
businesses and government agencies since the last published estimates and from the recalculation of
seasonal factors.) After revisions, job gains have averaged 243,000 per month over the last 3 months.
_____________
The Employment Situation for March is scheduled to be released on Friday, April 3, 2020, at 8:30
a.m. (EDT).

-3-

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category

Feb.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020

Change from:
Jan. 2020Feb. 2020

Feb.
2020

Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force.......................................................... .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed.................................................................. .
Employment-population ratio......................................... .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

258,392
163,047
63.1
156,866
60.7
6,181
3.8
95,345

260,181
164,556
63.2
158,803
61.0
5,753
3.5
95,625

259,502
164,606
63.4
158,714
61.2
5,892
3.6
94,896

259,628
164,546
63.4
158,759
61.1
5,787
3.5
95,082

126
-60
0.0
45
-0.1
-105
-0.1
186

Unemployment rates
Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adult men (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adult women (20 years and over). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Teenagers (16 to 19 years). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
White. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Black or African American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................ .

3.8
3.5
3.4
13.3
3.3
6.9
3.1
4.3

3.5
3.1
3.2
12.6
3.2
5.9
2.5
4.2

3.6
3.3
3.2
12.2
3.1
6.0
3.0
4.3

3.5
3.3
3.1
11.0
3.1
5.8
2.5
4.4

-0.1
0.0
-0.1
-1.2
0.0
-0.2
-0.5
0.1

Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less than a high school diploma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
High school graduates, no college. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Some college or associate degree. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Bachelor’s degree and higher............................................. .

3.1
5.3
3.7
3.1
2.2

2.8
5.2
3.7
2.7
1.9

2.9
5.5
3.8
2.8
2.0

2.9
5.7
3.6
3.0
1.9

0.0
0.2
-0.2
0.2
-0.1

Reason for unemployment
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Job leavers..................................................................... .
Reentrants...................................................................... .
New entrants................................................................... .

2,863
841
1,902
619

2,686
829
1,655
551

2,665
836
1,838
557

2,723
777
1,803
505

58
-59
-35
-52

Duration of unemployment
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks.................................................................. .
15 to 26 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27 weeks and over............................................................ .

2,169
1,809
928
1,279

2,065
1,730
812
1,186

2,059
1,755
887
1,166

2,013
1,803
825
1,102

-46
48
-62
-64

Employed persons at work part time
Part time for economic reasons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons......................................... .

4,302
2,779
1,349
21,196

4,148
2,657
1,215
21,586

4,182
2,655
1,294
22,154

4,318
2,776
1,317
22,175

136
121
23
21

Persons not in the labor force
Marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Discouraged workers....................................................... .

1,403
431

1,230
289

1,342
337

1,440
405

98
68

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will
not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced
annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020p

Feb.
2020p

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1
-6
-29
-5
-29
5
3
1.6
2
23
5.8
-29.3
1.6
-1.5
-2
14
38
-2.6
18
31.9
-23
1
7

184
164
5
-9
16
-2
0
2.0
-2
159
6.9
41.4
-2.1
0.7
9
10
22
4.5
29
25.3
40
2
20

273
222
27
-2
49
-20
-11
-8.2
-9
195
5.6
-5.8
29.8
-1.0
11
10
25
-2.6
72
42.6
38
10
51

273
228
61
4
42
15
11
6.8
4
167
-2.6
-7.0
-4.0
0.5
4
26
41
-3.3
54
56.5
51
4
45

(3-month average change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

151
142

210
200

239
211

243
205

Category

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2
Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DIFFUSION INDEX
(Over 1-month span)5
Total private (258 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing (76 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1

49.8
48.4
82.4

50.0
48.7
82.2

50.0
48.7
82.2

50.0
48.7
82.2

34.4
$27.69
$952.54
110.2
-0.3
145.9
0.1

34.3
$28.37
$973.09
111.4
0.2
151.0
0.2

34.3
$28.43
$975.15
111.5
0.1
151.6
0.4

34.4
$28.52
$981.09
112.1
0.5
152.8
0.8

58.3
57.2

58.1
50.7

57.0
47.4

58.7
54.6

Includes other industries, not shown separately.
Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the
service-providing industries.
3
The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate
hours.
4
The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average
aggregate weekly payrolls.
5
Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal
balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
2

Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates
1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?
The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of
employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series
has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household
survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about
100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically
significant change in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a
more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers
whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private
household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also
provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences
between the two surveys, please visit https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm.
2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?
It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the
establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore,
it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does
not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which
identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the
foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The
Employment Situation news release.
3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?
The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating
additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates.
The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding
2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated
seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
https://www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.
On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors
estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax
records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more
information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.
4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?
Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments
with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the
reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and
industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?
Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net
employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an
econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based
on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census
of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this
purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and
availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year.
6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
insurance benefits?
No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons
who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the
unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There
is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.
7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
looking for work?
Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job,
including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged
workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include
discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each
month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these
alternative measures, please visit https://www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.
8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?
In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the
month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than
on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including
pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates
typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some
employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed,
while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll
employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment estimates,
employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Employees
who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll
employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid, please visit
https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-businesses-pay-workers.htm.
In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th
of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as
employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the
number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure
of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather.
Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page,
please visit https://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.

Technical Note
This news release presents statistics from two major
surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household
survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (CES;
establishment survey). The household survey provides
information on the labor force, employment, and
unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked
HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000
eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for
the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides information on
employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm
payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked
ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each
month from the payroll records of a sample of
nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the
CES program surveys about 145,000 businesses and
government agencies, representing approximately 697,000
individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry
data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on
nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes approximately
one-third of all nonfarm payroll jobs.
For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a
particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the
reference period is generally the calendar week that contains
the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the
reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which
may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent
of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the
labor force as a percent of the population, and
the employment-population ratio is the employed as a
percent of the population. Additional information
about the household survey can be found at
www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous
conceptual and methodological differences between the
household and establishment surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the
surveys. Among these are:

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect
the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on
responses to a series of questions on work and job search
activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in
the labor force.
People are classified as employed if they did any work
at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked
in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or
worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or
farm. People are also counted as employed if they were
temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad
weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.
People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of
the following criteria: they had no employment during the
reference week; they were available for work at that time;
and they made specific active efforts to find employment
sometime during the 4-week period ending with the
reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting
recall need not be looking for work to be counted as
unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the
household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for
or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.
The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and
unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as
employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are
drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories,
offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local
government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are
those who worked or received pay for any part of the
reference pay period, including persons on paid leave.
Persons are counted in each job they hold. Hours and
earnings data are produced for the private sector for all
employees and for production and nonsupervisory
employees. Production and nonsupervisory employees are
defined as production and related employees in
manufacturing and mining and logging, construction
workers in construction, and non-supervisory employees in
private service-providing industries.
Industries are classified on the basis of an
establishment’s principal activity in accordance with the
2017 version of the North American Industry Classification
System. Additional information about the establishment
survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

•

The household survey includes agricultural
workers, self-employed workers whose businesses
are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and
private household workers among the employed.
These groups are excluded from the establishment
survey.

•

The household survey includes people on unpaid
leave among the employed. The establishment
survey does not.

•

The household survey is limited to workers 16 years
of age and older. The establishment survey is not
limited by age.

•

The household survey has no duplication of
individuals, because individuals are counted only
once, even if they hold more than one job. In the
establishment survey, employees working at more
than one job and thus appearing on more than one
payroll are counted separately for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

Reliability of the estimates

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor
force and the levels of employment and unemployment
undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may
result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and
the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such
seasonal variation can be very large.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less
regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a
series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal
variation.
These
adjustments
make
nonseasonal
developments, such as declines in employment or increases
in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to
spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number
of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to
obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to
May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic
activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about
20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with
the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying
employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal
employment changes at the end and beginning of the school
year can be estimated, the statistics can be adjusted to make
underlying employment patterns more discernable. The
seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with
which to analyze changes in month-to-month economic
activity.
Many seasonally adjusted series are independently
adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys.
However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such
as total payroll employment, employment in most major
sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed
by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the
adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this
differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the
duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.
Percentage distributions of unemployment by reason and
duration are derived from the sum of the independently
seasonally adjusted component series, and will not
necessarily match calculations made using the seasonally
adjusted total unemployment level. Additional information
about seasonal adjustment in the household survey can be
found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#sa.
For both the household and establishment surveys, a
concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in
which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using
all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current
month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are
used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are
used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly
estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated
seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year
revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Statistics based on the household and establishment
surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample, rather than the entire population, is
surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may
differ from the true population values they represent. The
component of this difference that occurs because samples
differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate.
There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more
than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value
because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally
conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
For example, the confidence interval for the monthly
change in total nonfarm employment from the establishment
survey is on the order of plus or minus 110,000. Suppose the
estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from
one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on
the monthly change would range from -60,000 to +160,000
(50,000 +/- 110,000). These figures do not mean that the
sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that
there is about a 90-percent chance that the true over-themonth change lies within this interval. Since this range
includes values of less than zero, we could not say with
confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased
that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employment
rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case,
it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm
employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an
unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent
confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment
as measured by the household survey is about +/- 300,000,
and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is
about +/- 0.2 percentage point.
In general, estimates involving many individuals or
establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the
size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a
small number of observations. The precision of estimates
also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such
as for quarterly and annual averages.
The household and establishment surveys are also
affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many
reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents
in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to
provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made
by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.
For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for
the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns;
for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the
tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received,
that the estimate is considered final.
Another major source of nonsampling error in the
establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for
this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an
estimation procedure with two components is used to
account for business births. The first component excludes
employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains
from business births. This is incorporated into the samplebased estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample
units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This
procedure accounts for most of the net birth/death
employment.
The second component is an ARIMA time series model
designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment
not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time
series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived
from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level
database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and
deaths over the past 5 years.

The sample-based estimates from the establishment
survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to
universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance
program. The difference between the March sample-based
employment estimates and the March universe counts is
known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy
for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate
changes in the classification of industries. Over the past
decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.2 percent, with a range from
-0.7 percent to 0.3 percent.
Other information
Information in this release will be made available to
sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone:
(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, sex, and age

Feb.
2019

Jan.
2020

Feb.
2020

Feb.
2019

Oct.
2019

Nov.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020

Feb.
2020

TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

258,392
162,793
63.0
156,167
60.4
6,625
4.1
95,599
5,196

259,502
163,497
63.0
156,994
60.5
6,504
4.0
96,004
5,107

259,628
164,235
63.3
158,017
60.9
6,218
3.8
95,393
4,973

258,392
163,047
63.1
156,866
60.7
6,181
3.8
95,345
5,206

259,845
164,401
63.3
158,544
61.0
5,857
3.6
95,444
4,756

260,020
164,347
63.2
158,536
61.0
5,811
3.5
95,673
4,832

260,181
164,556
63.2
158,803
61.0
5,753
3.5
95,625
4,832

259,502
164,606
63.4
158,714
61.2
5,892
3.6
94,896
4,904

259,628
164,546
63.4
158,759
61.1
5,787
3.5
95,082
4,962

Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

124,965
86,056
68.9
82,311
65.9
3,745
4.4
38,909

125,513
86,331
68.8
82,701
65.9
3,629
4.2
39,183

125,575
86,597
69.0
83,047
66.1
3,549
4.1
38,979

124,965
86,399
69.1
83,066
66.5
3,333
3.9
38,566

125,687
86,901
69.1
83,776
66.7
3,126
3.6
38,786

125,773
87,104
69.3
84,018
66.8
3,086
3.5
38,669

125,852
87,049
69.2
84,034
66.8
3,015
3.5
38,803

125,513
87,088
69.4
83,940
66.9
3,147
3.6
38,426

125,575
87,008
69.3
83,871
66.8
3,137
3.6
38,568

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

116,513
83,435
71.6
80,117
68.8
3,318
4.0
33,078

117,110
83,600
71.4
80,358
68.6
3,241
3.9
33,511

117,181
83,804
71.5
80,592
68.8
3,212
3.8
33,377

116,513
83,588
71.7
80,677
69.2
2,911
3.5
32,925

117,242
83,911
71.6
81,196
69.3
2,715
3.2
33,330

117,331
84,057
71.6
81,377
69.4
2,679
3.2
33,274

117,413
84,008
71.5
81,390
69.3
2,618
3.1
33,405

117,110
84,087
71.8
81,345
69.5
2,743
3.3
33,023

117,181
84,001
71.7
81,202
69.3
2,799
3.3
33,180

Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

133,427
76,737
57.5
73,857
55.4
2,880
3.8
56,690

133,988
77,167
57.6
74,292
55.4
2,874
3.7
56,822

134,053
77,638
57.9
74,970
55.9
2,668
3.4
56,415

133,427
76,648
57.4
73,800
55.3
2,848
3.7
56,779

134,158
77,500
57.8
74,769
55.7
2,731
3.5
56,658

134,247
77,243
57.5
74,518
55.5
2,725
3.5
57,004

134,329
77,507
57.7
74,769
55.7
2,738
3.5
56,822

133,988
77,518
57.9
74,774
55.8
2,744
3.5
56,470

134,053
77,538
57.8
74,888
55.9
2,651
3.4
56,514

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

125,177
73,942
59.1
71,396
57.0
2,546
3.4
51,235

125,770
74,320
59.1
71,785
57.1
2,535
3.4
51,450

125,841
74,768
59.4
72,413
57.5
2,355
3.1
51,073

125,177
73,667
58.8
71,169
56.9
2,497
3.4
51,511

125,907
74,542
59.2
72,130
57.3
2,411
3.2
51,365

125,998
74,291
59.0
71,881
57.0
2,411
3.2
51,706

126,082
74,584
59.2
72,200
57.3
2,383
3.2
51,498

125,770
74,512
59.2
72,097
57.3
2,415
3.2
51,258

125,841
74,501
59.2
72,179
57.4
2,323
3.1
51,340

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16,702
5,416
32.4
4,655
27.9
761
14.0
11,286

16,622
5,578
33.6
4,851
29.2
727
13.0
11,044

16,606
5,663
34.1
5,012
30.2
651
11.5
10,943

16,702
5,792
34.7
5,019
30.1
773
13.3
10,909

16,696
5,948
35.6
5,218
31.3
730
12.3
10,748

16,692
5,999
35.9
5,278
31.6
721
12.0
10,693

16,686
5,964
35.7
5,213
31.2
752
12.6
10,722

16,622
6,007
36.1
5,273
31.7
734
12.2
10,614

16,606
6,043
36.4
5,378
32.4
665
11.0
10,562

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, race, sex, and age

WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes at end of table.

Feb.
2019

Jan.
2020

Feb.
2020

Feb.
2019

Oct.
2019

Nov.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020

Feb.
2020

200,447
126,102
62.9
121,628
60.7
4,475
3.5
74,345

200,918
126,487
63.0
122,058
60.8
4,429
3.5
74,431

200,968
126,954
63.2
122,669
61.0
4,285
3.4
74,014

200,447
126,276
63.0
122,119
60.9
4,157
3.3
74,172

201,172
127,122
63.2
123,028
61.2
4,094
3.2
74,050

201,254
127,191
63.2
123,077
61.2
4,115
3.2
74,063

201,326
127,197
63.2
123,175
61.2
4,022
3.2
74,129

200,918
127,288
63.4
123,332
61.4
3,957
3.1
73,630

200,968
127,146
63.3
123,189
61.3
3,957
3.1
73,821

65,925
71.8
63,636
69.3
2,289
3.5

65,925
71.6
63,599
69.1
2,326
3.5

66,057
71.7
63,767
69.2
2,290
3.5

66,037
71.9
64,067
69.8
1,970
3.0

66,115
71.7
64,173
69.6
1,941
2.9

66,204
71.8
64,247
69.7
1,957
3.0

66,076
71.6
64,238
69.6
1,839
2.8

66,279
72.0
64,341
69.9
1,938
2.9

66,153
71.8
64,204
69.7
1,950
2.9

56,042
58.1
54,365
56.4
1,677
3.0

56,255
58.2
54,639
56.5
1,616
2.9

56,477
58.4
54,914
56.8
1,563
2.8

55,782
57.9
54,114
56.1
1,668
3.0

56,399
58.3
54,755
56.6
1,644
2.9

56,299
58.2
54,666
56.5
1,633
2.9

56,429
58.3
54,827
56.6
1,602
2.8

56,324
58.3
54,807
56.7
1,517
2.7

56,247
58.2
54,692
56.6
1,555
2.8

4,135
33.7
3,627
29.6
508
12.3

4,308
35.3
3,821
31.3
487
11.3

4,420
36.3
3,988
32.7
432
9.8

4,456
36.3
3,938
32.1
518
11.6

4,608
37.6
4,099
33.5
509
11.0

4,688
38.3
4,164
34.0
524
11.2

4,692
38.4
4,111
33.6
581
12.4

4,686
38.4
4,184
34.3
502
10.7

4,746
39.0
4,294
35.2
452
9.5

32,897
20,441
62.1
18,944
57.6
1,497
7.3
12,457

33,184
20,702
62.4
19,327
58.2
1,375
6.6
12,482

33,211
20,833
62.7
19,530
58.8
1,303
6.3
12,379

32,897
20,557
62.5
19,140
58.2
1,417
6.9
12,341

33,152
20,704
62.5
19,571
59.0
1,133
5.5
12,448

33,184
20,675
62.3
19,527
58.8
1,148
5.6
12,509

33,215
20,949
63.1
19,712
59.3
1,238
5.9
12,266

33,184
20,790
62.6
19,549
58.9
1,241
6.0
12,395

33,211
20,946
63.1
19,730
59.4
1,216
5.8
12,266

9,333
67.6
8,595
62.3
738
7.9

9,351
67.0
8,754
62.7
597
6.4

9,408
67.3
8,779
62.8
629
6.7

9,410
68.2
8,744
63.3
667
7.1

9,485
68.0
9,003
64.6
482
5.1

9,504
68.1
9,019
64.6
485
5.1

9,591
68.6
9,034
64.6
557
5.8

9,445
67.6
8,918
63.9
526
5.6

9,499
68.0
8,945
64.0
554
5.8

10,358
62.3
9,793
58.9
565
5.5

10,662
63.5
10,049
59.9
613
5.7

10,726
63.9
10,194
60.7
532
5.0

10,362
62.4
9,819
59.1
544
5.2

10,494
62.6
9,984
59.6
511
4.9

10,445
62.3
9,929
59.2
516
4.9

10,625
63.3
10,094
60.1
530
5.0

10,617
63.3
10,067
60.0
550
5.2

10,721
63.8
10,207
60.8
514
4.8

750
30.3
556
22.5
194
25.9

690
28.3
524
21.5
166
24.0

698
28.7
556
22.9
142
20.3

784
31.7
577
23.3
206
26.3

724
29.5
584
23.8
141
19.4

727
29.6
579
23.6
147
20.3

734
29.9
583
23.8
151
20.6

728
29.8
564
23.1
164
22.5

725
29.8
578
23.7
148
20.4

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, race, sex, and age
ASIAN
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Feb.
2019
16,055
10,383
64.7
10,053
62.6
329
3.2
5,672

Jan.
2020
16,178
10,259
63.4
9,932
61.4
327
3.2
5,920

Feb.
2020
16,421
10,596
64.5
10,327
62.9
268
2.5
5,825

Feb.
2019
16,055
10,366
64.6
10,046
62.6
320
3.1
5,688

Oct.
2019
16,399
10,713
65.3
10,409
63.5
305
2.8
5,686

Nov.
2019
16,558
10,705
64.7
10,429
63.0
276
2.6
5,852

Dec.
2019
16,482
10,478
63.6
10,214
62.0
264
2.5
6,004

Jan.
2020
16,178
10,332
63.9
10,017
61.9
315
3.0
5,847

1
The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are
introduced annually with the release of January data.

Feb.
2020
16,421
10,574
64.4
10,312
62.8
262
2.5
5,848

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Seasonally adjusted1

Not seasonally adjusted
Employment status, sex, and age

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio.............. .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio.............. .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio.............. .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio.............. .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1

Feb.
2019

Jan.
2020

Feb.
2020

Feb.
2019

Oct.
2019

Nov.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020

Feb.
2020

43,127
28,631
66.4
27,270
63.2
1,361
4.8
14,496

43,742
29,572
67.6
28,066
64.2
1,506
5.1
14,170

43,820
29,750
67.9
28,311
64.6
1,438
4.8
14,071

43,127
28,746
66.7
27,499
63.8
1,248
4.3
14,380

43,814
29,482
67.3
28,279
64.5
1,203
4.1
14,332

43,902
29,575
67.4
28,339
64.6
1,236
4.2
14,327

43,986
29,517
67.1
28,286
64.3
1,231
4.2
14,468

43,742
29,672
67.8
28,397
64.9
1,275
4.3
14,070

43,820
29,852
68.1
28,531
65.1
1,322
4.4
13,968

15,628
80.3
14,953
76.8
675
4.3

16,096
81.5
15,362
77.8
734
4.6

15,985
80.8
15,355
77.6
630
3.9

15,688
80.6
15,127
77.7
561
3.6

15,841
80.1
15,310
77.4
531
3.4

15,983
80.6
15,498
78.2
485
3.0

15,875
79.9
15,393
77.5
483
3.0

16,114
81.6
15,571
78.9
543
3.4

16,035
81.1
15,519
78.5
516
3.2

11,806
59.9
11,328
57.5
478
4.0

12,222
61.1
11,637
58.2
585
4.8

12,460
62.2
11,839
59.1
622
5.0

11,793
59.9
11,328
57.5
465
3.9

12,318
61.5
11,834
59.1
485
3.9

12,196
60.8
11,675
58.2
521
4.3

12,293
61.1
11,736
58.4
558
4.5

12,242
61.2
11,701
58.5
541
4.4

12,441
62.1
11,834
59.1
607
4.9

1,197
30.2
988
24.9
209
17.4

1,253
31.4
1,066
26.7
187
14.9

1,305
32.6
1,118
27.9
187
14.3

1,265
31.9
1,043
26.3
222
17.5

1,323
33.0
1,135
28.3
188
14.2

1,396
34.8
1,166
29.0
230
16.5

1,349
33.6
1,157
28.8
191
14.2

1,316
32.9
1,125
28.1
191
14.5

1,377
34.4
1,177
29.4
199
14.5

The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted
columns.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the
release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Educational attainment

Feb.
2019

Jan.
2020

Feb.
2020

Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2019

Oct.
2019

Nov.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020

Feb.
2020

Less than a high school diploma
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9,903
45.4
9,243
42.4
660
6.7

9,657
46.1
8,946
42.7
711
7.4

9,341
46.0
8,670
42.7
671
7.2

10,267
47.0
9,721
44.5
546
5.3

9,783
47.2
9,240
44.6
543
5.5

9,761
46.5
9,245
44.1
516
5.3

9,895
46.5
9,379
44.0
516
5.2

9,621
45.9
9,090
43.4
531
5.5

9,710
47.8
9,160
45.1
550
5.7

High school graduates, no college1
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

36,153
58.1
34,632
55.6
1,521
4.2

35,878
58.1
34,299
55.6
1,579
4.4

36,278
58.3
34,793
55.9
1,484
4.1

36,203
58.1
34,847
56.0
1,357
3.7

36,263
57.8
34,928
55.6
1,335
3.7

36,178
58.0
34,850
55.9
1,328
3.7

36,094
58.5
34,764
56.3
1,330
3.7

36,230
58.7
34,861
56.5
1,369
3.8

36,309
58.3
34,986
56.2
1,323
3.6

Some college or associate degree
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

37,234
65.4
35,956
63.1
1,278
3.4

37,211
64.5
36,088
62.5
1,124
3.0

37,291
64.7
36,061
62.6
1,230
3.3

37,222
65.3
36,050
63.3
1,172
3.1

37,585
64.8
36,515
63.0
1,069
2.8

37,478
64.7
36,393
62.9
1,085
2.9

37,509
64.7
36,491
63.0
1,018
2.7

37,283
64.6
36,243
62.8
1,040
2.8

37,325
64.8
36,209
62.9
1,116
3.0

Bachelor’s degree and higher2
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

59,139
74.3
57,860
72.7
1,279
2.2

60,237
73.8
59,015
72.3
1,222
2.0

60,589
74.0
59,411
72.5
1,177
1.9

58,401
73.4
57,139
71.8
1,262
2.2

59,555
73.9
58,319
72.3
1,235
2.1

59,924
74.0
58,750
72.5
1,174
2.0

59,938
73.5
58,778
72.1
1,160
1.9

60,176
73.7
59,002
72.3
1,174
2.0

59,894
73.1
58,736
71.7
1,158
1.9

1

Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals for those 25 years and over because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

2

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,
and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

Feb.
2019

Men
Feb.
2020

Feb.
2019

Women
Feb.
2020

Feb.
2019

Feb.
2020

VETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18,965
9,377
49.4
9,121
48.1
256
2.7
9,588

18,608
9,221
49.6
8,892
47.8
329
3.6
9,387

17,087
8,221
48.1
8,003
46.8
218
2.7
8,866

16,711
8,058
48.2
7,772
46.5
286
3.6
8,653

1,878
1,156
61.5
1,117
59.5
38
3.3
722

1,897
1,163
61.3
1,120
59.1
43
3.7
734

Gulf War-era II veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4,289
3,458
80.6
3,340
77.9
118
3.4
831

4,314
3,446
79.9
3,291
76.3
155
4.5
868

3,598
2,963
82.4
2,866
79.7
97
3.3
635

3,553
2,877
81.0
2,737
77.0
140
4.8
677

692
495
71.6
474
68.5
21
4.3
196

761
570
74.9
554
72.8
16
2.8
191

Gulf War-era I veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3,051
2,378
77.9
2,327
76.3
51
2.1
673

3,190
2,453
76.9
2,397
75.2
56
2.3
736

2,526
2,012
79.6
1,966
77.8
46
2.3
515

2,701
2,127
78.7
2,084
77.2
42
2.0
574

524
366
69.8
361
68.9
5
1.3
158

489
327
66.8
313
63.9
14
4.4
162

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7,366
1,535
20.8
1,512
20.5
23
1.5
5,831

6,974
1,441
20.7
1,384
19.9
57
3.9
5,533

7,113
1,473
20.7
1,454
20.4
20
1.3
5,640

6,731
1,401
20.8
1,350
20.1
51
3.6
5,330

253
62
24.5
59
23.2
3
–
191

243
40
16.6
35
14.3
6
–
203

Veterans of other service periods
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4,259
2,006
47.1
1,941
45.6
65
3.2
2,253

4,130
1,880
45.5
1,819
44.0
61
3.2
2,250

3,850
1,773
46.1
1,718
44.6
56
3.1
2,077

3,726
1,654
44.4
1,600
43.0
54
3.2
2,072

409
233
56.9
224
54.7
9
3.9
176

404
226
56.0
219
54.2
8
3.3
178

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

230,460
151,531
65.8
145,482
63.1
6,049
4.0
78,928

232,297
153,043
65.9
147,349
63.4
5,693
3.7
79,255

103,302
76,901
74.4
73,556
71.2
3,345
4.3
26,401

104,503
77,659
74.3
74,499
71.3
3,160
4.1
26,844

127,157
74,630
58.7
71,926
56.6
2,705
3.6
52,527

127,794
75,383
59.0
72,850
57.0
2,533
3.4
52,411

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the
U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August
1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service
periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the
selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not
shown where base is less than 75,000). Updated population controls introduced with the release of January 2020 data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally
adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Persons with a disability
Employment status, sex, and age

Feb.
2019

Feb.
2020

Persons with no disability
Feb.
2019

Feb.
2020

TOTAL, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population..................................................... .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate.................................................................... .
Employed............................................................................ .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate.............................................................. .
Not in labor force...................................................................... .

30,355
6,347
20.9
5,770
19.0
576
9.1
24,008

30,972
6,420
20.7
5,918
19.1
502
7.8
24,552

228,037
156,446
68.6
150,397
66.0
6,049
3.9
71,591

228,657
157,815
69.0
152,100
66.5
5,715
3.6
70,842

Men, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate.................................................................... .
Employed............................................................................ .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate.............................................................. .
Not in labor force...................................................................... .

2,831
36.4
2,519
32.4
312
11.0
4,938

2,752
35.9
2,483
32.4
269
9.8
4,920

77,549
82.7
74,302
79.2
3,247
4.2
16,220

77,725
83.0
74,654
79.7
3,070
4.0
15,917

Women, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate.................................................................... .
Employed............................................................................ .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate.............................................................. .
Not in labor force...................................................................... .

2,333
30.2
2,130
27.6
203
8.7
5,396

2,414
31.7
2,236
29.4
178
7.4
5,198

69,485
71.7
66,966
69.1
2,519
3.6
27,414

70,138
72.5
67,799
70.1
2,339
3.3
26,624

Both sexes, 65 years and over
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate.................................................................... .
Employed............................................................................ .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed......................................................................... .
Unemployment rate.............................................................. .
Not in labor force...................................................................... .

1,183
8.0
1,122
7.6
61
5.2
13,674

1,253
8.0
1,199
7.6
55
4.4
14,434

9,412
25.2
9,129
24.4
283
3.0
27,957

9,952
26.0
9,646
25.2
306
3.1
28,300

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty
seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or
emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as
visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with
the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Employment status and nativity

Feb.
2019

Men
Feb.
2020

Feb.
2019

Women
Feb.
2020

Feb.
2019

Feb.
2020

Foreign born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate................................................. .
Employed......................................................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed...................................................... .
Unemployment rate........................................... .
Not in labor force................................................... .

43,455
28,892
66.5
27,817
64.0
1,075
3.7
14,563

42,956
28,719
66.9
27,697
64.5
1,022
3.6
14,237

21,237
16,572
78.0
16,002
75.3
570
3.4
4,665

20,865
16,375
78.5
15,880
76.1
495
3.0
4,490

22,218
12,320
55.4
11,815
53.2
505
4.1
9,898

22,091
12,344
55.9
11,817
53.5
527
4.3
9,747

Native born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population.................................. .
Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Participation rate................................................. .
Employed......................................................... .
Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed...................................................... .
Unemployment rate........................................... .
Not in labor force................................................... .

214,937
133,901
62.3
128,351
59.7
5,550
4.1
81,036

216,673
135,516
62.5
130,320
60.1
5,196
3.8
81,157

103,728
69,484
67.0
66,309
63.9
3,175
4.6
34,244

104,710
70,222
67.1
67,167
64.1
3,054
4.3
34,489

111,209
64,417
57.9
62,041
55.8
2,375
3.7
46,792

111,962
65,294
58.3
63,153
56.4
2,141
3.3
46,668

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States
or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born
in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen.
Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Category

CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . .
Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonagricultural industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wage and salary workers1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government.................................... .
Private industries.............................. .
Private households. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other industries............................. .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . .
Unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2
All industries
Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonagricultural industries
Part time for economic reasons3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slack work or business conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Could only find part-time work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part time for noneconomic reasons4. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1

Seasonally adjusted

Feb.
2019

Jan.
2020

Feb.
2020

Feb.
2019

Oct.
2019

Nov.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020

Feb.
2020

2,344
1,572
757
15
153,824
145,148
21,032
124,116
796
123,321
8,638
38

2,283
1,666
592
25
154,711
146,019
21,580
124,438
801
123,637
8,642
50

2,332
1,704
612
16
155,686
146,861
21,330
125,531
781
124,750
8,780
45

2,488
1,704
773
–
154,354
145,554
20,616
124,850
–
124,045
8,757
–

2,473
1,651
793
–
155,970
147,118
21,513
125,812
–
124,979
8,811
–

2,356
1,661
692
–
156,167
147,275
21,342
125,996
–
125,157
8,856
–

2,533
1,849
684
–
156,241
147,431
21,323
126,069
–
125,250
8,821
–

2,412
1,750
647
–
156,337
147,467
21,390
126,042
–
125,234
8,808
–

2,466
1,829
645
–
156,283
147,347
20,943
126,282
–
125,487
8,897
–

4,561
2,986
1,295
21,807

4,732
3,057
1,340
21,929

4,600
3,037
1,288
22,902

4,302
2,779
1,349
21,196

4,397
2,747
1,278
21,544

4,288
2,634
1,259
21,532

4,148
2,657
1,215
21,586

4,182
2,655
1,294
22,154

4,318
2,776
1,317
22,175

4,477
2,933
1,291
21,411

4,605
2,962
1,337
21,561

4,501
2,966
1,282
22,473

4,220
2,731
1,345
20,810

4,306
2,684
1,267
21,137

4,221
2,599
1,254
21,163

4,111
2,613
1,209
21,180

4,091
2,580
1,308
21,784

4,225
2,719
1,313
21,770

Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for
the entire week.
3
Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business
conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
4
Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or
training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to
34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.
- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment
of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
2

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Characteristic

Seasonally adjusted

Feb.
2019

Jan.
2020

Feb.
2020

Feb.
2019

Oct.
2019

Nov.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020

Feb.
2020

AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

156,167
4,655
1,565
3,090
151,512
13,821
137,691
100,574
35,512
32,965
32,098
37,117

156,994
4,851
1,774
3,077
152,143
13,795
138,348
101,005
35,915
33,255
31,835
37,343

158,017
5,012
1,776
3,236
153,005
14,069
138,936
101,152
36,038
33,273
31,841
37,784

156,866
5,019
1,748
3,247
151,846
14,043
137,881
100,811
35,566
33,101
32,144
37,070

158,544
5,218
1,851
3,411
153,326
14,362
139,023
101,437
36,070
33,390
31,978
37,585

158,536
5,278
1,978
3,315
153,258
14,112
139,176
101,517
36,190
33,293
32,033
37,660

158,803
5,213
1,874
3,339
153,590
14,142
139,426
101,653
36,230
33,406
32,017
37,773

158,714
5,273
1,949
3,311
153,441
14,214
139,215
101,487
36,129
33,412
31,945
37,728

158,759
5,378
1,972
3,401
153,381
14,278
139,188
101,426
36,123
33,402
31,901
37,762

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

82,311
2,194
751
1,443
80,117
7,006
73,111
53,539
19,002
17,760
16,777
19,572

82,701
2,343
757
1,586
80,358
7,045
73,313
53,412
18,973
17,713
16,726
19,901

83,047
2,455
776
1,679
80,592
7,126
73,466
53,415
19,038
17,734
16,643
20,052

83,066
2,389
866
1,537
80,677
7,163
73,572
53,860
19,115
17,903
16,841
19,712

83,776
2,580
899
1,694
81,196
7,208
73,986
53,952
19,312
17,875
16,765
20,034

84,018
2,640
929
1,717
81,377
7,157
74,224
54,101
19,413
17,890
16,797
20,124

84,034
2,644
876
1,766
81,390
7,152
74,217
54,005
19,364
17,881
16,761
20,212

83,940
2,596
860
1,733
81,345
7,307
74,057
53,840
19,145
17,884
16,810
20,217

83,871
2,669
891
1,784
81,202
7,272
73,982
53,770
19,175
17,874
16,720
20,213

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

73,857
2,461
813
1,648
71,396
6,815
64,580
47,035
16,510
15,205
15,321
17,545

74,292
2,508
1,017
1,491
71,785
6,750
65,035
47,593
16,942
15,542
15,109
17,442

74,970
2,557
1,000
1,557
72,413
6,944
65,469
47,737
17,001
15,539
15,198
17,733

73,800
2,630
883
1,710
71,169
6,881
64,308
46,951
16,451
15,197
15,303
17,358

74,769
2,639
952
1,717
72,130
7,154
65,037
47,486
16,758
15,514
15,214
17,551

74,518
2,637
1,049
1,598
71,881
6,955
64,952
47,416
16,777
15,403
15,236
17,536

74,769
2,568
999
1,573
72,200
6,990
65,208
47,648
16,866
15,525
15,256
17,561

74,774
2,677
1,089
1,578
72,097
6,907
65,158
47,647
16,984
15,528
15,135
17,510

74,888
2,709
1,081
1,616
72,179
7,006
65,206
47,657
16,949
15,528
15,180
17,549

MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Married women, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women who maintain families2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45,664
36,731
9,596

45,949
36,926
9,553

45,855
36,811
9,771

45,871
36,477
–

45,971
36,657
–

46,059
36,581
–

46,177
36,631
–

46,257
36,869
–

46,067
36,597
–

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part-time workers4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

128,836
27,331

129,379
27,615

129,734
28,283

130,115
26,917

131,518
26,992

131,561
26,958

131,755
26,992

131,099
27,529

131,109
27,726

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7,823
5.0

8,083
5.1

8,181
5.2

7,683
4.9

8,132
5.1

8,107
5.1

7,946
5.0

8,152
5.1

8,070
5.1

SELF-EMPLOYMENT
Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6,072
9,395

6,472
9,234

6,471
9,392

–
9,530

–
9,604

–
9,548

–
9,506

–
9,455

–
9,542

1

Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex
married couples only.
2
Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020,
referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
3
Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
4
Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.
- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.
Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic

Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

Feb.
2019

Jan.
2020

Feb.
2020

Feb.
2019

Oct.
2019

Nov.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020

Feb.
2020

AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years.................................... .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over............................. .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years............................ .
35 to 44 years............................ .
45 to 54 years............................ .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6,181
773
339
453
5,408
1,085
4,352
3,310
1,480
890
940
1,035

5,892
734
260
473
5,158
1,012
4,153
3,154
1,397
946
811
1,000

5,787
665
214
464
5,122
972
4,168
3,152
1,371
955
827
1,003

3.8
13.3
16.2
12.2
3.4
7.2
3.1
3.2
4.0
2.6
2.8
2.7

3.6
12.3
14.0
11.3
3.2
6.2
2.9
3.0
3.7
2.6
2.6
2.6

3.5
12.0
12.6
11.7
3.2
6.4
2.9
3.0
3.6
2.7
2.6
2.6

3.5
12.6
13.7
12.1
3.2
6.3
2.8
3.0
3.6
2.8
2.6
2.4

3.6
12.2
11.8
12.5
3.3
6.6
2.9
3.0
3.7
2.8
2.5
2.6

3.5
11.0
9.8
12.0
3.2
6.4
2.9
3.0
3.7
2.8
2.5
2.6

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years.................................... .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over............................. .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years............................ .
35 to 44 years............................ .
45 to 54 years............................ .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3,333
422
190
251
2,911
584
2,324
1,756
761
480
516
568

3,147
405
144
256
2,743
533
2,227
1,683
783
476
425
544

3,137
338
108
243
2,799
519
2,278
1,707
771
507
429
571

3.9
15.0
18.0
14.0
3.5
7.5
3.1
3.2
3.8
2.6
3.0
2.8

3.6
13.7
14.4
13.2
3.2
7.5
2.8
2.9
3.7
2.4
2.6
2.4

3.5
13.4
14.1
13.0
3.2
7.3
2.8
2.9
3.7
2.6
2.2
2.6

3.5
13.0
14.6
12.8
3.1
7.2
2.7
2.9
3.6
2.5
2.5
2.2

3.6
13.5
14.4
12.9
3.3
6.8
2.9
3.0
3.9
2.6
2.5
2.6

3.6
11.2
10.8
12.0
3.3
6.7
3.0
3.1
3.9
2.8
2.5
2.7

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16 to 19 years.................................... .
16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 years and over............................. .
25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25 to 34 years............................ .
35 to 44 years............................ .
45 to 54 years............................ .
55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2,848
351
149
202
2,497
501
2,028
1,553
719
410
424
466

2,744
330
115
217
2,415
478
1,926
1,471
614
470
386
438

2,651
328
105
221
2,323
453
1,891
1,445
599
447
398
430

3.7
11.8
14.5
10.6
3.4
6.8
3.1
3.2
4.2
2.6
2.7
2.6

3.5
10.8
13.6
9.4
3.2
4.8
3.0
3.1
3.7
2.9
2.7
2.7

3.5
10.6
11.3
10.2
3.2
5.5
3.0
3.1
3.4
2.9
2.9
2.6

3.5
12.1
12.9
11.3
3.2
5.5
2.9
3.1
3.5
3.0
2.7
2.6

3.5
11.0
9.6
12.1
3.2
6.5
2.9
3.0
3.5
2.9
2.5
2.4

3.4
10.8
8.9
12.0
3.1
6.1
2.8
2.9
3.4
2.8
2.6
2.4

MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Married women, spouse present1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Women who maintain families2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

899
855
496

804
796
545

925
814
423

1.9
2.3
4.9

1.7
2.3
5.4

1.9
2.2
4.8

1.6
2.1
4.2

1.7
2.1
5.4

2.0
2.2
4.1

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Part-time workers4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5,020
1,147

4,744
1,171

4,710
1,065

3.7
4.1

3.5
3.8

3.5
3.8

3.4
3.9

3.5
4.1

3.5
3.7

1

Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to
persons in opposite-sex married couples only.
2
Data are not seasonally adjusted. Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members,
but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an
opposite-sex spouse.
3
Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time
jobs.
4
Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from
part-time jobs.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment
of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Reason

Feb.
2019

Jan.
2020

Seasonally adjusted

Feb.
2020

Feb.
2019

Oct.
2019

Nov.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020

Feb.
2020

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Permanent job losers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Persons who completed temporary jobs. . . .
Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reentrants........................................... .
New entrants........................................ .

3,300
1,088
2,212
1,406
806
840
1,908
577

3,267
1,109
2,158
1,403
755
830
1,907
500

3,151
1,069
2,082
1,358
723
766
1,839
462

2,863
828
2,036
1,304
732
841
1,902
619

2,691
772
1,919
1,260
659
846
1,698
622

2,804
768
2,036
1,422
614
776
1,663
581

2,686
807
1,880
1,295
585
829
1,655
551

2,665
742
1,923
1,289
634
836
1,838
557

2,723
801
1,922
1,279
644
777
1,803
505

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not on temporary layoff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reentrants........................................... .
New entrants........................................ .

49.8
16.4
33.4
12.7
28.8
8.7

50.2
17.1
33.2
12.8
29.3
7.7

50.7
17.2
33.5
12.3
29.6
7.4

46.0
13.3
32.7
13.5
30.6
9.9

45.9
13.2
32.8
14.4
29.0
10.6

48.1
13.2
35.0
13.3
28.6
10.0

46.9
14.1
32.9
14.5
28.9
9.6

45.2
12.6
32.6
14.2
31.2
9.4

46.9
13.8
33.1
13.4
31.0
8.7

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Job leavers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reentrants........................................... .
New entrants........................................ .

2.0
0.5
1.2
0.4

2.0
0.5
1.2
0.3

1.9
0.5
1.1
0.3

1.8
0.5
1.2
0.4

1.6
0.5
1.0
0.4

1.7
0.5
1.0
0.4

1.6
0.5
1.0
0.3

1.6
0.5
1.1
0.3

1.7
0.5
1.1
0.3

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Duration

Feb.
2019

Jan.
2020

Feb.
2020

Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2019

Oct.
2019

Nov.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020

Feb.
2020

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks....................................... .
15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15 to 26 weeks................................... .
27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2,085
2,137
2,403
1,031
1,371

2,468
1,925
2,110
893
1,217

1,939
2,161
2,117
932
1,185

2,169
1,809
2,207
928
1,279

1,978
1,747
2,144
884
1,259

2,026
1,753
2,083
865
1,219

2,065
1,730
1,998
812
1,186

2,059
1,755
2,053
887
1,166

2,013
1,803
1,927
825
1,102

Average (mean) duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Median duration, in weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21.5
9.5

20.5
8.6

20.4
9.3

22.0
9.4

21.6
9.2

20.2
9.2

20.8
9.0

21.9
9.3

20.9
9.1

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Less than 5 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 to 14 weeks....................................... .
15 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15 to 26 weeks................................... .
27 weeks and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

31.5
32.3
36.3
15.6
20.7

38.0
29.6
32.4
13.7
18.7

31.2
34.8
34.1
15.0
19.1

35.1
29.3
35.7
15.0
20.7

33.7
29.8
36.5
15.1
21.5

34.6
29.9
35.5
14.7
20.8

35.6
29.9
34.5
14.0
20.5

35.1
29.9
35.0
15.1
19.9

35.1
31.4
33.6
14.4
19.2

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the
independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employed
Occupation

Total, 16 years and over1............................................ .
Management, professional, and related occupations. . . . . . . . . . .
Management, business, and financial operations
occupations.................................................... .
Professional and related occupations......................... .
Service occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sales and office occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sales and related occupations................................. .
Office and administrative support occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
occupations....................................................... .
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction and extraction occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations. . . . . . . . . . .
Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations....................................................... .
Production occupations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and material moving occupations. . . . . . . . . . . .
1

Unemployment
rates

Unemployed

Feb.
2019

Feb.
2020

Feb.
2019

Feb.
2020

Feb.
2019

Feb.
2020

156,167
64,281

158,017
66,091

6,625
1,317

6,218
1,207

4.1
2.0

3.8
1.8

26,562
37,718
26,090
33,200
15,292
17,908

27,866
38,225
26,204
31,360
15,064
16,296

565
753
1,447
1,452
800
652

507
700
1,272
1,211
657
554

2.1
2.0
5.3
4.2
5.0
3.5

1.8
1.8
4.6
3.7
4.2
3.3

13,964
1,143
8,272
4,549

14,207
1,139
8,149
4,918

939
190
598
151

908
183
604
122

6.3
14.3
6.7
3.2

6.0
13.8
6.9
2.4

18,633
8,742
9,891

20,155
8,361
11,794

868
340
528

1,130
448
682

4.5
3.7
5.1

5.3
5.1
5.5

Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, occupations reflect
the introduction of the 2018 Census occupational classification system into the Current Population Survey, or household survey. This classification
system is derived from the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2020 are not strictly
comparable with earlier years.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Total, 16 years and over1............................................................... .
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction................................... .
Construction......................................................................... .
Manufacturing....................................................................... .
Durable goods.................................................................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale and retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information........................................................................... .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services.............................................. .
Education and health services.................................................... .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services....................................................................... .
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government workers.................................................................. .
Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers. . . . . . . . . . . .
1

Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)

Unemployment
rates

Feb.
2019

Feb.
2020

Feb.
2019

Feb.
2020

6,625
5,123
26
588
464
270
194
978
297
107
264
768
621
794
215
190
397
337

6,218
4,890
46
531
613
359
254
821
256
68
167
795
608
799
187
205
347
312

4.1
4.0
3.6
6.2
2.9
2.7
3.3
5.0
4.1
4.1
2.6
4.3
2.5
5.8
3.2
11.1
1.8
3.4

3.8
3.7
5.4
5.5
3.9
3.6
4.3
4.2
3.4
2.6
1.6
4.4
2.4
5.7
2.8
11.0
1.6
3.2

Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, industries reflect the
introduction of the 2017 Census industry classification system into the Current Population Survey. This industry classification system is derived from
the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). No historical data have been revised.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Not seasonally adjusted
Measure

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer,
as a percent of the civilian labor force. . . . . . . . .
U-2 Job losers and persons who completed
temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian
labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the
civilian labor force (official unemployment
rate). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged
workers, as a percent of the civilian labor
force plus discouraged workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged
workers, plus all other persons marginally
attached to the labor force, as a percent of
the civilian labor force plus all persons
marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . . .
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons
marginally attached to the labor force, plus
total employed part time for economic
reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor
force plus all persons marginally attached to
the labor force.................................... .

Seasonally adjusted

Feb.
2019

Jan.
2020

Feb.
2020

Feb.
2019

Oct.
2019

Nov.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020

Feb.
2020

1.5

1.3

1.3

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.2

2.0

2.0

1.9

1.8

1.6

1.7

1.6

1.6

1.7

4.1

4.0

3.8

3.8

3.6

3.5

3.5

3.6

3.5

4.3

4.2

4.0

4.0

3.8

3.7

3.7

3.8

3.8

4.9

4.8

4.7

4.6

4.3

4.3

4.2

4.4

4.4

7.7

7.7

7.4

7.2

6.9

6.8

6.7

6.9

7.0

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and
are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have
given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are
available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of
January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Total
Category

Feb.
2019

Men
Feb.
2020

Feb.
2019

Women
Feb.
2020

Feb.
2019

Feb.
2020

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Marginally attached to the labor force1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Discouraged workers2........................................ .
Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. . .

95,599
5,196
1,424
428
996

95,393
4,973
1,494
421
1,073

38,909
2,608
810
301
509

38,979
2,526
788
260
528

56,690
2,588
614
127
487

56,415
2,447
707
161
545

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders4............................................ .
Percent of total employed......................................... .
Primary job full time, secondary job part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary and secondary jobs both part time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary and secondary jobs both full time...................... .
Hours vary on primary or secondary job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7,823
5.0
4,502
1,961
251
1,057

8,181
5.2
4,576
2,126
308
1,129

3,815
4.6
2,410
681
157
550

3,900
4.7
2,378
728
197
578

4,008
5.4
2,092
1,280
95
507

4,281
5.7
2,198
1,398
110
551

1

Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference
week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
2
Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks
schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
3
Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and
transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
4
Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Seasonally adjusted

Feb.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020p

Feb.
2020p

Feb.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020p

Feb.
2020p

148,684
125,891
20,554

152,929
129,918
21,037

150,117
127,524
20,704

150,997
127,968
20,763

150,135
127,622
20,994

151,998
129,319
21,136

152,271
129,541
21,163

152,544
129,769
21,224

Change
from:
Jan.2020 Feb.2020p
273
228
61

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining, except oil and gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Metal ore mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmetallic mineral mining and
quarrying. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

730
48.1
682.2
142.3
187.2
51.9
41.9

714
53.7
659.9
158.0
187.2
51.2
40.6

700
53.1
646.9
154.5
184.4
51.1
40.5

701
53.6
647.4
155.3
183.2
50.1
40.6

741
48.6
692.6
143.6
193.3
52.1
42.1

715
53.2
661.3
157.9
189.3
51.1
40.7

713
53.9
658.9
155.9
190.1
51.1
41.0

717
54.5
662.0
157.0
189.4
50.6
40.9

4
0.6
3.1
1.1
-0.7
-0.5
-0.1

93.4
352.7

95.4
314.7

92.8
308.0

92.5
308.9

99.1
355.7

97.5
314.1

98.0
312.9

97.9
315.6

-0.1
2.7

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . .
Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . .
Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . .

7,062
1,602.0
789.1
812.9
966.6
4,493.4
1,976.0
2,517.4

7,447
1,666.4
827.7
838.7
1,042.4
4,738.5
2,066.7
2,671.8

7,241
1,630.2
806.8
823.4
990.1
4,620.6
2,023.2
2,597.4

7,270
1,635.5
813.2
822.3
992.6
4,642.2
2,035.8
2,606.4

7,423
1,653.0
815.2
837.8
1,066.3
4,703.2
2,070.2
2,633.0

7,555
1,675.9
829.5
846.4
1,087.6
4,791.9
2,095.0
2,696.9

7,604
1,679.2
832.0
847.2
1,096.1
4,828.8
2,114.9
2,713.9

7,646
1,692.3
841.7
850.6
1,099.1
4,854.4
2,127.1
2,727.3

42
13.1
9.7
3.4
3.0
25.6
12.2
13.4

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer and electronic products. . . . . . . . . . .
Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . .
Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Semiconductors and electronic
components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous computer and electronic
products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . .
Transportation equipment1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicles and parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous durable goods
manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Printing and related support activities. . . . . . .
Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Miscellaneous nondurable goods
manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12,762

12,876

12,763

12,792

12,830

12,866

12,846

12,861

15

8,035
404.8
407.9
389.9
1,487.3
1,132.4
1,067.0
160.4
82.9

8,072
411.1
419.8
377.6
1,485.7
1,117.4
1,096.4
167.8
84.4

8,018
407.0
410.8
373.6
1,477.3
1,114.6
1,094.2
169.1
84.4

8,036
407.1
414.5
373.7
1,480.1
1,113.0
1,095.1
168.9
84.3

8,062
408.7
419.6
389.3
1,492.0
1,132.2
1,070.3
160.9
83.4

8,064
411.0
422.3
375.9
1,485.1
1,117.3
1,095.3
167.5
84.2

8,053
411.1
423.3
373.2
1,485.1
1,115.1
1,097.0
169.0
84.5

8,064
410.9
427.0
372.6
1,486.9
1,112.8
1,098.9
169.5
84.7

11
-0.2
3.7
-0.6
1.8
-2.3
1.9
0.5
0.2

373.9
417.6

378.8
431.8

376.8
431.9

377.6
431.9

375.0
418.4

379.1
431.3

378.5
432.4

378.6
433.3

0.1
0.9

32.2
402.9
1,740.5
1,015.0
390.1

33.6
407.1
1,747.2
1,001.7
387.8

32.0
405.2
1,731.4
987.8
386.3

32.4
404.1
1,744.6
1,000.7
384.1

32.7
404.7
1,740.3
1,012.2
389.6

33.2
405.6
1,743.7
997.9
386.8

32.5
405.5
1,734.6
989.7
387.0

32.8
404.7
1,742.4
996.5
385.4

0.3
-0.8
7.8
6.8
-1.6

612.6

621.9

617.3

619.8

614.9

620.7

621.1

622.4

1.3

4,727
1,614.8
109.2
113.2
110.3
366.1
424.5
111.4
847.9
733.0

4,804
1,662.8
106.7
112.7
106.2
365.6
421.2
111.9
855.3
743.8

4,745
1,631.3
106.3
112.3
103.7
363.6
416.7
110.1
845.2
744.0

4,756
1,633.9
106.7
110.4
103.9
363.0
416.1
110.2
849.7
746.3

4,768
1,633.5
109.3
114.4
109.9
365.9
427.6
115.8
851.1
734.2

4,802
1,661.1
106.7
112.0
106.3
365.0
419.3
113.9
853.3
743.0

4,793
1,655.3
106.8
112.9
104.7
364.9
419.1
114.6
848.9
745.3

4,797
1,655.7
106.5
111.7
104.2
364.2
418.7
114.8
850.9
747.0

4
0.4
-0.3
-1.2
-0.5
-0.7
-0.4
0.2
2.0
1.7

296.7

317.5

311.8

315.9

306.4

320.9

320.7

323.7

3.0

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

105,337

108,881

106,820

107,205

106,628

108,183

108,378

108,545

167

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27,351

28,582

27,725

27,452

27,688

27,809

27,838

27,825

-13

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes at end of table.

5,853.6
3,177.6
2,143.7

5,947.8
3,224.5
2,185.3

5,906.3
3,209.3
2,165.0

5,902.4
3,207.3
2,163.7

5,884.7
3,187.8
2,163.0

5,933.2
3,218.2
2,179.5

5,938.8
3,220.2
2,184.7

5,936.2
3,218.3
2,184.1

-2.6
-1.9
-0.6

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
— Continued
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

Feb.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020p

Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2020p

Feb.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020p

Feb.
2020p

Change
from:
Jan.2020 Feb.2020p

Wholesale trade - Continued
Electronic markets and agents and
brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

532.3

538.0

532.0

531.4

533.9

535.5

533.9

533.8

-0.1

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motor vehicle and parts dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other motor vehicle dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores. . .
Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . .
Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . .
Building material and garden supply
stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . .
Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . .
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music
stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General merchandise stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General merchandise stores, including
warehouse clubs and supercenters. . . . .
Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15,429.4
2,003.1
1,292.2
154.8
556.1
471.3
479.2

16,159.7
2,049.0
1,304.0
159.2
585.8
491.8
495.9

15,562.1
2,045.9
1,305.4
156.2
584.3
471.6
477.6

15,399.8
2,047.5
1,308.6
158.5
580.4
469.4
471.9

15,667.2
2,020.7
1,298.1
162.3
560.3
473.1
479.3

15,672.2
2,057.1
1,306.5
166.3
584.3
470.2
479.8

15,666.4
2,064.5
1,311.5
165.7
587.3
469.7
473.3

15,659.4
2,064.0
1,313.0
166.1
585.0
471.6
475.9

-7.0
-0.5
1.5
0.4
-2.3
1.9
2.6

1,250.7
3,048.7
1,047.6
928.5
1,291.4

1,269.9
3,119.7
1,082.8
949.1
1,410.5

1,247.6
3,076.8
1,059.2
943.1
1,293.7

1,261.4
3,068.4
1,058.8
934.5
1,241.3

1,291.7
3,071.9
1,053.8
940.7
1,330.1

1,305.8
3,088.3
1,055.8
951.5
1,286.9

1,308.5
3,091.0
1,052.4
951.5
1,288.4

1,303.0
3,091.4
1,063.3
948.9
1,276.2

-5.5
0.4
10.9
-2.6
-12.2

539.5
2,984.6
1,061.5

589.4
3,291.9
1,231.3

551.2
3,050.0
1,092.4

538.2
2,966.7
1,041.2

550.6
3,046.3
1,089.0

543.1
3,060.7
1,090.6

552.5
3,042.6
1,074.7

554.2
3,040.1
1,074.4

1.7
-2.5
-0.3

1,923.1
820.0
564.8

2,060.6
834.3
575.4

1,957.6
802.8
542.6

1,925.5
802.9
538.8

1,957.4
839.1
569.9

1,970.1
821.5
551.5

1,967.9
822.1
549.9

1,965.7
822.6
548.2

-2.2
0.5
-1.7

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transit and ground passenger
transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . .
Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . .
Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5,521.1
498.1
181.3
63.3
1,505.6

5,925.3
506.3
163.7
64.3
1,525.2

5,711.0
505.5
159.7
63.1
1,501.4

5,604.5
507.7
157.7
62.7
1,503.3

5,585.9
501.8
182.5
66.0
1,529.6

5,655.9
508.2
163.8
65.2
1,526.4

5,685.7
509.1
160.8
65.1
1,527.7

5,681.7
510.8
158.8
65.1
1,529.4

-4.0
1.7
-2.0
0.0
1.7

509.7
50.2
25.7
745.3
768.0
1,173.9

522.0
51.4
30.0
765.9
1,073.1
1,223.4

517.4
51.2
27.3
761.3
929.1
1,195.0

520.8
50.3
27.7
760.9
815.2
1,198.2

498.1
50.5
35.3
749.2
791.2
1,181.7

506.1
51.2
35.9
760.7
846.4
1,192.0

507.7
51.0
36.3
763.1
866.0
1,198.9

508.7
50.4
36.6
763.9
853.8
1,204.2

1.0
-0.6
0.3
0.8
-12.2
5.3

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

547.1

549.3

545.5

545.1

550.1

547.9

546.9

547.4

0.5

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . .
Motion picture and sound recording
industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data processing, hosting and related
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2,830
748.7

2,895
765.9

2,854
763.7

2,878
766.9

2,841
751.6

2,883
764.4

2,894
766.1

2,898
769.1

4
3.0

424.9
268.7
728.1

459.5
265.6
708.1

422.4
261.3
705.7

440.7
261.6
706.0

431.7
268.9
725.8

454.4
264.0
704.3

456.1
262.3
707.5

456.2
261.7
706.5

0.1
-0.6
-1.0

334.5
325.4

345.2
351.0

348.5
352.4

349.6
353.6

335.2
327.3

346.4
349.5

350.4
351.6

350.4
354.4

0.0
2.8

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . .
Credit intermediation and related
activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Depository credit intermediation1. . . . . . . . . .
Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondepository credit intermediation. . . . . . .
Activities related to credit intermediation.. .
Securities, commodity contracts,
investments, and funds and trusts. . . . . . . .
Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . .
Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8,633
6,377.5
19.8

8,819
6,475.4
19.1

8,761
6,453.7
19.5

8,793
6,471.6
19.1

8,690
6,393.5
19.8

8,814
6,464.4
19.2

8,824
6,475.3
19.5

8,850
6,488.9
19.2

26
13.6
-0.3

2,641.6
1,773.2
1,392.0
566.0
302.4

2,672.7
1,782.0
1,390.9
582.9
307.8

2,670.2
1,783.1
1,391.8
580.9
306.2

2,674.1
1,787.2
1,395.7
581.8
305.1

2,649.4
1,775.8
1,393.2
571.5
302.0

2,669.1
1,783.4
1,392.8
580.2
305.5

2,674.5
1,785.4
1,393.5
583.9
305.2

2,680.6
1,789.9
1,396.9
586.0
304.6

6.1
4.5
3.4
2.1
-0.6

954.0
2,762.1
2,255.3
1,675.6
557.0

971.0
2,812.6
2,344.0
1,747.9
572.4

961.2
2,802.8
2,306.8
1,721.1
562.7

965.3
2,813.1
2,321.8
1,731.4
567.1

958.1
2,766.2
2,296.8
1,696.7
576.9

968.6
2,807.5
2,349.1
1,743.5
582.0

968.5
2,812.8
2,348.6
1,744.3
580.6

970.8
2,818.3
2,361.5
1,752.2
585.5

2.3
5.5
12.9
7.9
4.9

See footnotes at end of table.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
— Continued
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted
Industry

Feb.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020p

Seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2020p

Feb.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020p

Feb.
2020p

Change
from:
Jan.2020 Feb.2020p

Real estate and rental and leasing Continued
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . .

22.7

23.7

23.0

23.3

23.2

23.6

23.7

23.8

0.1

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and technical services. . . . . . . . . . . .
Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . .
Architectural and engineering services. . . . . .
Specialized design services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer systems design and related
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Management and technical consulting
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scientific research and development
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Advertising and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other professional and technical services. . .
Management of companies and enterprises. . .
Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Administrative and support services. . . . . . . . .
Office administrative services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Facilities support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employment services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Travel arrangement and reservation
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Investigation and security services. . . . . . . .
Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . .
Other support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Waste management and remediation
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20,841
9,470.4
1,137.5
1,115.7
1,479.0
142.1

21,600
9,693.5
1,162.3
1,039.4
1,528.5
146.7

21,135
9,659.6
1,152.4
1,082.2
1,513.3
143.6

21,248
9,760.2
1,155.6
1,145.8
1,522.1
143.5

21,164
9,431.9
1,145.2
1,012.6
1,500.7
143.6

21,503
9,667.4
1,156.3
1,037.1
1,530.2
144.4

21,528
9,685.0
1,161.0
1,032.8
1,530.0
146.0

21,569
9,717.3
1,162.6
1,035.6
1,540.3
145.3

41
32.3
1.6
2.8
10.3
-0.7

2,156.3

2,233.6

2,243.4

2,246.7

2,160.6

2,238.9

2,249.9

2,257.7

7.8

1,500.6

1,570.2

1,545.4

1,553.6

1,512.9

1,557.2

1,562.8

1,565.3

2.5

712.3
489.5
737.4
2,398.9
8,971.9
8,532.1
517.2
162.0
3,504.2
2,838.8
883.9

745.7
497.1
770.0
2,451.5
9,455.0
8,991.2
529.6
167.0
3,797.9
3,086.3
892.4

735.9
490.8
752.6
2,441.2
9,034.5
8,576.9
526.2
164.0
3,504.3
2,822.9
872.6

742.3
493.0
757.6
2,433.4
9,054.2
8,595.4
525.9
163.3
3,502.5
2,810.4
869.6

716.1
492.8
747.4
2,411.2
9,321.1
8,873.9
520.1
162.7
3,642.3
2,962.2
883.8

744.8
495.1
763.4
2,447.7
9,387.4
8,922.2
530.1
166.7
3,653.4
2,950.0
869.5

743.5
495.1
763.8
2,449.6
9,393.8
8,928.3
530.2
166.0
3,651.3
2,947.4
870.2

748.7
495.2
766.6
2,447.8
9,404.1
8,937.0
530.9
164.4
3,652.4
2,944.1
869.8

5.2
0.1
2.8
-1.8
10.3
8.7
0.7
-1.6
1.1
-3.3
-0.4

215.4
939.5
1,980.2
329.7

220.1
966.4
2,075.4
342.4

217.6
955.4
2,001.3
335.5

217.5
966.4
2,006.7
343.5

218.6
951.1
2,161.7
333.6

222.5
962.9
2,170.0
347.1

222.7
967.9
2,178.6
341.4

221.7
972.8
2,179.7
345.3

-1.0
4.9
1.1
3.9

439.8

463.8

457.6

458.8

447.2

465.2

465.5

467.1

1.6

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Health care3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ambulatory health care services. . . . . . . . . .
Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Offices of dentists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Offices of other health practitioners. . . . .
Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Medical and diagnostic laboratories. . . .
Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other ambulatory health care
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nursing and residential care facilities. . . . .
Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Residential mental health facilities. . . . . .
Community care facilities for the
elderly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other residential care facilities. . . . . . . . . .
Social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Individual and family services. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Emergency and other relief services. . . . . .
Vocational rehabilitation services. . . . . . . . .
Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

24,044
3,877.2
20,166.3
16,101.7
7,587.6
2,639.6
960.4
953.9
955.9
278.5
1,492.9

24,633
3,909.2
20,724.0
16,497.8
7,842.8
2,726.5
977.8
985.4
980.9
289.0
1,564.2

24,390
3,749.6
20,640.2
16,424.9
7,802.4
2,706.7
972.3
979.9
980.8
288.8
1,554.2

24,692
3,987.5
20,704.5
16,454.4
7,831.4
2,717.3
972.8
984.7
979.4
288.5
1,566.9

23,918
3,723.5
20,194.6
16,135.4
7,605.4
2,645.3
962.9
956.6
955.5
278.8
1,499.1

24,465
3,810.3
20,654.2
16,438.6
7,811.1
2,709.2
974.0
982.0
977.4
288.2
1,560.1

24,537
3,839.9
20,696.8
16,471.3
7,831.7
2,713.6
975.4
984.0
981.3
290.2
1,564.4

24,591
3,838.1
20,753.3
16,502.9
7,855.3
2,723.1
977.1
987.3
980.1
289.4
1,574.1

54
-1.8
56.5
31.6
23.6
9.5
1.7
3.3
-1.2
-0.8
9.7

306.4
5,160.9
3,353.2
1,595.2
641.0

319.0
5,255.3
3,399.7
1,594.8
652.2

319.7
5,245.0
3,377.5
1,586.2
650.1

321.8
5,250.5
3,372.5
1,583.1
650.3

307.2
5,165.7
3,364.3
1,599.9
643.0

320.3
5,242.1
3,385.4
1,588.2
650.7

322.9
5,250.1
3,389.5
1,591.4
652.4

324.1
5,257.9
3,389.7
1,590.7
652.9

1.2
7.8
0.2
-0.7
0.5

951.9
165.1
4,064.6
2,546.2
182.6
321.2
1,014.6

985.6
167.1
4,226.2
2,672.0
188.4
325.2
1,040.6

974.4
166.8
4,215.3
2,672.9
184.6
318.8
1,039.0

972.4
166.7
4,250.1
2,693.5
186.3
322.6
1,047.7

955.8
165.6
4,059.2
2,550.7
181.7
324.3
1,002.5

979.7
166.8
4,215.6
2,670.2
186.2
325.2
1,034.0

977.4
168.3
4,225.5
2,680.4
185.4
323.4
1,036.3

978.0
168.1
4,250.4
2,697.9
187.0
325.8
1,039.7

0.6
-0.2
24.9
17.5
1.6
2.4
3.4

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . .
Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . .
Museums, historical sites, and similar
institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15,841
2,192.7
472.5

16,450
2,311.7
493.7

16,095
2,238.3
456.5

16,259
2,268.5
473.6

16,473
2,424.5
516.9

16,784
2,481.5
514.3

16,822
2,492.7
518.8

16,873
2,493.9
516.4

51
1.2
-2.4

156.0

171.1

162.3

161.2

170.8

178.5

176.6

176.7

0.1

See footnotes at end of table.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
— Continued
[In thousands]
Not seasonally adjusted

Seasonally adjusted

Feb.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020p

Feb.
2020p

Feb.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020p

Feb.
2020p

Change
from:
Jan.2020 Feb.2020p

Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . .
Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . .
Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . .

1,564.2
13,648.6
1,974.4
11,674.2

1,646.9
14,138.5
2,032.6
12,105.9

1,619.5
13,856.2
1,994.6
11,861.6

1,633.7
13,990.0
2,003.1
11,986.9

1,736.8
14,048.7
2,065.2
11,983.5

1,788.7
14,302.9
2,099.6
12,203.3

1,797.3
14,329.5
2,094.6
12,234.9

1,800.8
14,379.3
2,091.8
12,287.5

3.5
49.8
-2.8
52.6

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Membership associations and organizations. . .

5,797
1,324.6
1,498.6
2,973.8

5,902
1,357.8
1,533.7
3,010.5

5,860
1,355.3
1,514.9
2,989.5

5,883
1,370.3
1,514.6
2,998.2

5,854
1,332.8
1,519.3
3,001.4

5,925
1,365.4
1,533.0
3,026.3

5,935
1,371.6
1,535.2
3,027.7

5,939
1,376.9
1,536.1
3,026.3

4
5.3
0.9
-1.4

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . .
U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . .
Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . .

22,793
2,796.0
2,192.0
604.4
5,306.0
2,629.4
2,676.4
14,691.0
8,267.3
6,424.1

23,011
2,859.0
2,237.8
620.7
5,291.0
2,600.1
2,690.6
14,861.0
8,340.4
6,520.2

22,593
2,843.0
2,241.7
601.6
5,102.0
2,408.3
2,693.7
14,648.0
8,160.3
6,488.1

23,029
2,842.0
2,246.8
595.1
5,344.0
2,644.7
2,698.9
14,843.0
8,333.6
6,509.0

22,513
2,814.0
2,207.3
607.1
5,175.0
2,484.9
2,689.8
14,524.0
7,975.5
6,548.3

22,679
2,847.0
2,243.7
603.1
5,184.0
2,481.3
2,702.4
14,648.0
8,039.2
6,609.2

22,730
2,857.0
2,253.1
604.1
5,199.0
2,490.6
2,708.5
14,674.0
8,050.2
6,623.9

22,775
2,865.0
2,262.7
602.4
5,217.0
2,506.1
2,711.2
14,693.0
8,056.4
6,636.1

45
8.0
9.6
-1.7
18.0
15.5
2.7
19.0
6.2
12.2

Industry

Arts, entertainment, and recreation Continued

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.
Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
3
Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
2

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted
Feb.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020p

Feb.
2020p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private............................................................................ .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging............................................................... .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods............................................................. .
Private service-providing........................................................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade..................................................................... .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities.......................................................................... .
Information........................................................................ .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services.................................................................... .

34.4
40.2
46.3
38.8
40.7
41.0
40.1
33.3
34.2
39.0
30.6
38.6
42.4
36.2
37.7
36.2
33.0
26.0
31.8

34.3
40.1
45.8
39.0
40.4
40.9
39.7
33.2
34.1
38.8
30.6
38.3
42.4
36.3
37.5
36.1
33.0
25.8
31.8

34.3
40.2
45.8
39.2
40.5
40.9
39.7
33.2
34.0
38.8
30.3
38.3
42.6
36.2
37.7
36.1
33.0
25.9
32.0

34.4
40.4
45.6
39.3
40.7
41.2
40.0
33.3
34.3
38.8
30.8
38.3
42.6
36.2
37.6
36.2
33.1
25.8
31.9

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing.......................................................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods.................................................................. .

3.5
3.4
3.6

3.2
3.1
3.4

3.1
3.1
3.2

3.2
3.2
3.2

Industry

p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted
Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings

Industry

Feb.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020p

Feb.
2020p

Feb.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020p

Feb.
2020p

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing...................................... .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction......................................... .
Manufacturing....................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities................ .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities.................................. .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services.................... .
Leisure and hospitality............................. .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$27.69
28.68
32.95
30.45
27.43
28.87
24.93
27.45
23.93
30.99
19.42
24.52
41.59
41.77
35.51
33.23
27.46
16.38
25.00

$28.37
29.43
34.57
31.15
28.14
29.62
25.58
28.12
24.50
31.61
20.04
24.92
42.14
42.57
36.53
34.23
27.86
16.77
25.55

$28.43
29.47
34.36
31.22
28.17
29.59
25.70
28.18
24.59
31.74
20.09
24.97
42.19
42.87
36.64
34.30
27.85
16.82
25.57

$28.52
29.54
34.52
31.35
28.20
29.63
25.72
28.28
24.63
31.81
20.13
25.13
42.22
43.02
36.88
34.45
27.92
16.87
25.63

$952.54
1,152.94
1,525.59
1,181.46
1,116.40
1,183.67
999.69
914.09
818.41
1,208.61
594.25
946.47
1,763.42
1,512.07
1,338.73
1,202.93
906.18
425.88
795.00

$973.09
1,180.14
1,583.31
1,214.85
1,136.86
1,211.46
1,015.53
933.58
835.45
1,226.47
613.22
954.44
1,786.74
1,545.29
1,369.88
1,235.70
919.38
432.67
812.49

$975.15
1,184.69
1,573.69
1,223.82
1,140.89
1,210.23
1,020.29
935.58
836.06
1,231.51
608.73
956.35
1,797.29
1,551.89
1,381.33
1,238.23
919.05
435.64
818.24

$981.09
1,193.42
1,574.11
1,232.06
1,147.74
1,220.76
1,028.80
941.72
844.81
1,234.23
620.00
962.48
1,798.57
1,557.32
1,386.69
1,247.09
924.15
435.25
817.60

p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by
industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

Industry

Feb.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020p

Feb.
2020p

Percent
change
from:
Jan.
2020 Feb.
2020p

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods.......................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .
Utilities................................... .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

110.2
96.2
107.8
99.3
93.9
93.1
95.4
114.3
103.3
101.2
97.3
123.9
100.9
93.9
107.3
120.1
128.9
122.2
107.3

111.4
96.6
102.9
101.6
93.5
92.9
95.2
115.6
103.5
101.5
97.4
124.5
100.5
95.6
108.3
121.7
131.8
123.6
108.6

111.5
96.9
102.6
102.8
93.6
92.7
95.0
115.8
103.3
101.6
96.4
125.1
100.8
95.7
109.0
121.9
132.2
124.3
109.5

112.1
97.7
102.7
103.6
94.2
93.5
95.8
116.4
104.1
101.6
97.9
125.0
100.9
95.8
109.0
122.4
132.9
124.2
109.2

0.5
0.8
0.1
0.8
0.6
0.9
0.8
0.5
0.8
0.0
1.6
-0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.4
0.5
-0.1
-0.3

1

Feb.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020p

Feb.
2020p

Percent
change
from:
Jan.
2020 Feb.
2020p

145.9
124.6
142.6
131.4
119.8
119.3
120.7
152.5
133.3
131.2
124.9
154.5
138.7
139.7
148.7
161.6
170.3
161.5
147.1

151.0
128.4
142.8
137.5
122.4
122.2
123.5
158.0
136.7
134.3
129.0
157.8
139.9
144.9
154.3
168.7
176.7
167.2
152.1

151.6
129.1
141.6
139.4
122.6
121.9
123.9
158.7
137.0
134.9
128.0
158.9
140.5
146.0
155.8
169.2
177.1
168.7
153.5

152.8
130.4
142.4
141.1
123.5
123.1
125.0
160.0
138.3
135.2
130.3
159.9
140.7
146.8
156.8
170.8
178.5
169.1
153.4

0.8
1.0
0.6
1.2
0.7
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.9
0.2
1.8
0.6
0.1
0.5
0.6
0.9
0.8
0.2
-0.1

The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007
annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
2
The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the
corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly
earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Women employees (in thousands)

Percent of all employees

Industry

Feb.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020p

Feb.
2020p

Feb.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020p

Feb.
2020p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods................................. .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities.......................................... .
Information........................................ .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services.................................... .
Government............................................ .

74,766
61,777
4,671
94
959
3,618
1,919
1,699
57,106
11,093
1,765.7
7,793.1
1,402.5
131.4
1,127
4,926
9,617
18,482
8,737
3,124
12,989

76,047
62,936
4,762
97
987
3,678
1,953
1,725
58,174
11,148
1,792.9
7,756.0
1,466.1
133.3
1,146
4,993
9,853
18,940
8,937
3,157
13,111

76,173
63,024
4,767
96
990
3,681
1,957
1,724
58,257
11,138
1,790.3
7,748.1
1,466.5
132.9
1,149
4,988
9,880
18,979
8,962
3,161
13,149

76,320
63,140
4,774
95
996
3,683
1,956
1,727
58,366
11,143
1,789.5
7,755.3
1,464.7
133.3
1,152
4,995
9,898
19,025
8,993
3,160
13,180

49.8
48.4
22.2
12.7
12.9
28.2
23.8
35.6
53.6
40.1
30.0
49.7
25.1
23.9
39.7
56.7
45.4
77.3
53.0
53.4
57.7

50.0
48.7
22.5
13.6
13.1
28.6
24.2
35.9
53.8
40.1
30.2
49.5
25.9
24.3
39.8
56.6
45.8
77.4
53.2
53.3
57.8

50.0
48.7
22.5
13.5
13.0
28.7
24.3
36.0
53.8
40.0
30.1
49.5
25.8
24.3
39.7
56.5
45.9
77.3
53.3
53.3
57.8

50.0
48.7
22.5
13.2
13.0
28.6
24.3
36.0
53.8
40.0
30.1
49.5
25.8
24.4
39.8
56.4
45.9
77.4
53.3
53.2
57.9

p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
sector, seasonally adjusted1
[In thousands]
Industry

Feb.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020p

Feb.
2020p

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction......................................................................... .
Manufacturing....................................................................... .
Durable goods.................................................................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......................... .
Wholesale trade.................................................................. .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing............................................... .
Utilities............................................................................. .
Information........................................................................... .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services.............................................. .
Education and health services.................................................... .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services....................................................................... .

105,109
15,082
552
5,530
9,000
5,565
3,435
90,027
23,432
4,734.7
13,384.6
4,874.0
439.1
2,291
6,731
17,251
21,001
14,474
4,847

106,300
15,119
516
5,623
8,980
5,539
3,441
91,181
23,494
4,750.2
13,347.3
4,957.1
438.9
2,314
6,812
17,444
21,491
14,736
4,890

106,501
15,139
513
5,663
8,963
5,530
3,433
91,362
23,526
4,750.3
13,367.2
4,970.0
438.9
2,323
6,825
17,468
21,548
14,773
4,899

106,668
15,195
519
5,692
8,984
5,547
3,437
91,473
23,535
4,749.5
13,380.4
4,966.6
438.6
2,329
6,835
17,501
21,583
14,795
4,895

1

Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm
payrolls.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private
nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
Feb.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020p

Feb.
2020p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private............................................................................ .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging............................................................... .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods............................................................. .
Private service-providing........................................................... .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade..................................................................... .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities.......................................................................... .
Information........................................................................ .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services.................................................................... .

33.6
40.9
46.9
39.0
41.7
42.0
41.2
32.4
33.8
38.7
30.3
37.9
42.3
35.5
37.0
35.4
32.2
24.8
30.8

33.6
40.8
46.2
39.4
41.4
41.7
40.8
32.4
33.8
38.5
30.3
37.9
43.0
35.1
36.8
35.3
32.3
24.7
30.8

33.6
41.0
46.1
40.0
41.4
41.7
40.8
32.4
33.9
38.5
30.4
38.0
42.9
35.0
37.0
35.5
32.2
24.7
31.1

33.7
41.0
45.4
39.5
41.7
42.0
41.2
32.5
34.0
38.6
30.5
38.3
42.8
35.2
36.9
35.5
32.3
24.7
31.0

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing.......................................................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods.................................................................. .

4.4
4.4
4.4

4.1
4.1
4.0

4.0
4.0
3.9

4.2
4.3
4.0

Industry

1

Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm
payrolls.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private
nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
Average hourly earnings

Average weekly earnings

Industry

Feb.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020p

Feb.
2020p

Feb.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020p

Feb.
2020p

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing...................................... .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction......................................... .
Manufacturing....................................... .
Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities................ .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities.................................. .
Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Education and health services.................... .
Leisure and hospitality............................. .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$23.19
24.40
29.05
28.17
21.91
22.84
20.37
22.93
20.34
25.75
16.30
22.18
36.89
33.24
27.46
27.32
24.06
14.29
21.24

$23.84
25.07
30.68
28.88
22.44
23.42
20.83
23.59
20.83
26.15
16.88
22.50
37.28
34.44
28.06
28.28
24.72
14.77
21.71

$23.88
25.09
30.30
28.89
22.43
23.38
20.88
23.63
20.88
26.28
16.89
22.58
37.65
34.43
28.16
28.32
24.70
14.85
21.76

$23.96
25.15
30.74
28.92
22.53
23.54
20.88
23.71
20.93
26.31
16.92
22.72
37.56
34.58
28.16
28.42
24.83
14.93
21.81

$779.18
997.96
1,362.45
1,098.63
913.65
959.28
839.24
742.93
687.49
996.53
493.89
840.62
1,560.45
1,180.02
1,016.02
967.13
774.73
354.39
654.19

$801.02
1,022.86
1,417.42
1,137.87
929.02
976.61
849.86
764.32
704.05
1,006.78
511.46
852.75
1,603.04
1,208.84
1,032.61
998.28
798.46
364.82
668.67

$802.37
1,028.69
1,396.83
1,155.60
928.60
974.95
851.90
765.61
707.83
1,011.78
513.46
858.04
1,615.19
1,205.05
1,041.92
1,005.36
795.34
366.80
676.74

$807.45
1,031.15
1,395.60
1,142.34
939.50
988.68
860.26
770.58
711.62
1,015.57
516.06
870.18
1,607.57
1,217.22
1,039.10
1,008.91
802.01
368.77
676.11

1

Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm
payrolls.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on
private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1
[2002=100]
Index of aggregate weekly hours2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

Industry

Feb.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020p

Feb.
2020p

Percent
change
from:
Jan.
2020 Feb.
2020p

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Durable goods.......................... .
Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . .
Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .
Utilities................................... .
Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and business services. . . . .
Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . .
Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

117.7
94.3
137.6
108.0
86.2
87.8
83.4
124.3
110.8
108.7
102.6
139.8
95.0
92.8
117.2
136.5
144.2
131.5
104.7

119.0
94.3
126.7
110.9
85.3
86.8
82.7
125.9
111.1
108.5
102.3
142.2
96.5
92.7
118.0
137.7
148.0
133.3
105.6

119.2
94.9
125.7
113.4
85.2
86.6
82.5
126.1
111.5
108.5
102.8
142.9
96.3
92.8
118.9
138.6
147.9
133.7
106.9

119.8
95.2
125.2
112.6
86.0
87.5
83.4
126.7
111.9
108.8
103.3
144.0
96.0
93.6
118.7
138.9
148.6
133.9
106.4

0.5
0.3
-0.4
-0.7
0.9
1.0
1.1
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.5
0.8
-0.3
0.9
-0.2
0.2
0.5
0.1
-0.5

1

Feb.
2019

Dec.
2019

Jan.
2020p

Feb.
2020p

Percent
change
from:
Jan.
2020 Feb.
2020p

182.4
140.8
232.4
164.3
123.4
125.2
120.0
195.5
161.0
165.3
143.3
197.4
146.3
152.8
198.0
221.8
229.0
213.4
162.0

189.6
144.7
226.0
173.0
125.2
126.9
121.8
203.7
165.3
167.5
148.0
203.6
150.2
158.1
203.7
231.5
241.5
223.6
167.1

190.3
145.7
221.5
176.9
124.9
126.5
121.8
204.4
166.4
168.4
148.8
205.4
151.3
158.2
205.9
233.5
241.2
225.4
169.4

191.8
146.6
223.9
175.8
126.7
128.6
123.1
206.0
167.4
169.0
149.7
208.2
150.5
160.2
205.7
234.8
243.6
227.0
169.1

0.8
0.6
1.1
-0.6
1.4
1.7
1.1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.6
1.4
-0.5
1.3
-0.1
0.6
1.0
0.7
-0.2

Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory
employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm
payrolls.
2
The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002
annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
3
The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the
corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly
earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
p Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.