Agricultural Resource Management, Chemical Use, and Contractor Expense Surveys

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AGRICULTURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SURVEY

OMB No. 0535-0218
Approval Expires: 07/31/2021
Project Code: 906
SMetaKey: 1347
Phase II





NATIONAL
AGRICULTURAL
STATISTICS
SERVICE








National Agricultural Statistics Service
U.S Department of Agriculture
NOC Division
9700 Page Avenue, Suite 400
St. Louis, MO 63132-1547
Phone: 1-888-424-7828
Fax: 1-855-415-3687
E-mail: [email protected]


DURUM WHEAT PRODUCTION PRACTICES REPORT FOR 2019

VERSION

72
ID

___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
TRACT

01
SUBTRACT

___ ___
C-TYPE

123


CONTACT RECORD
DATE
TIME
NOTES










INTRODUCTION:
[Introduce yourself, and ask for the operator.  Rephrase in your own words.]

We are collecting information on practices used to produce durum wheat and need your help to make the information as accurate as possible.  The information you provide will be used for statistical purposes only.  Your responses will be kept confidential and any person who willfully discloses ANY identifiable information about you or your operation is subject to a jail term, a fine, or both.  This survey is conducted in accordance with the Confidential Information Protection provisions of Title V, subtitle A, Public Law 107-347 and other applicable Federal laws.  For more information on how we protect your information please visit: https://www.nass.usda.gov/confidentiality.  Response to this survey is voluntary.  We encourage you to refer to your farm records during the interview.

According to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, an agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a valid OMB control number.  The valid OMB control number for this information collection is 0535-0218.  The time required to complete this information collection is estimated to average 50 minutes per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information.

	H   H   M    M

SCREENING BOX

  BEGINNING TIME
   		  [MILITARY]
0004


0006


___ ___ ___ ___





 	[Name, address and partners verified and updated if necessary]
POID	__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
POID	__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
PARTNER NAME
PARTNER NAME
ADDRESS
ADDRESS
CITY
STATE
ZIP
PHONE NUMBER
CITY
STATE
ZIP
PHONE NUMBER
POID	__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
POID	__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
PARTNER NAME
PARTNER NAME
ADDRESS
ADDRESS
CITY
STATE
ZIP
PHONE NUMBER
CITY
STATE
ZIP
PHONE NUMBER
A
DURUM WHEAT FIELD SELECTION
A


TOTAL PLANTED ACRES
1.	How many total acres of durum wheat did this operation plant for the 2019 crop year? . . . . . . . . .
0050
.____
[If no acres were planted, review Screening Survey Information Form, make notes, then go to Conclusion on back page.]
I will follow a simple procedure to make a random selection from the durum wheat fields planted for the 2019 crop.
2.	What is the TOTAL number of durum wheat fields that were planted on this operation?
	[If only one field, enter “1” and go to item 5.] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TOTAL NUMBER OF FIELDS PLANTED

0020



3.	Please list these fields according to identifying name/number or describe each field, then I will tell you which field has been selected.  [If there are more than 18 fields, make sure item 2 is TOTAL fields planted, and list only the 18 fields closest to the operator’s permanent residence.  If respondent is unable to identify or describe the fields, use the Field Selection Grid Supplement.]






FIELD NAME, NUMBER OR DESCRIPTION

FIELD NAME, NUMBER OR DESCRIPTION
1

10
2

11
3

12
4

13
5

14
6

15
7

16
8

17
9

18
























APPLY “RANDOM NUMBER” LABEL HERE


OFFICE USE
OY Field Substituted



0022









4.	[ENUMERATOR ACTION:  Circle the pair of numbers on the above label associated with
	the last numbered field in item 3.  Select the field according to the number you circled on
	the label, and record the selected number.  If only one field, enter 1.] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SELECTED FIELD
NUMBER

0021

5.	The field selected is ______________ (field name/number/description)
	During this interview, the durum wheat questions will be about this selected durum wheat field.
	[Be sure the operator can identify the selected field.]
ACRES

6.	How many acres of durum wheat were planted in this field for the 2019 crop? . . .. . . . . . . . . . .
1301
.___



C
NUTRIENT or FERTILIZER APPLICATIONS---SELECTED FIELD
C


CODE
EDIT TABLE
1.	Were commercial nutrients or fertilizers applied to this field for the 2019 durum wheat crop?  (Include those from operators, landlords, and contractors.). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
No = 3
0202
0200
	[If COMMERCIAL nutrient or fertilizer applied, continue; else go to Section D.]
NUMBER
2.	How many commercial nutrient or fertilizer applications were made to this field 
for the 2019 crop?  (Include applications made by airplanes and custom applicators.). . . . . . . . . . . .
0203

3.	Now I need to record information for each application.
CHECKLIST


		INCLUDE

		EXCLUDE

	Custom applied nutrients
	or fertilizers
	Micronutrients



	Nutrients or fertilizers
	applied in the fall of 2019
	and those applied earlier
	if this field was fallow in 2019
	Unprocessed manure

	Nutrients or fertilizers applied
	to previous crops in this field









	Commercially prepared
	manure or compost
	Lime and gypsum/landplaster
OFFICE USE
LINES IN TABLE
TABLE
001
0299





APPLICATION CODES for COLUMN 6





1  Broadcast, ground without incorporation
2  Broadcast, ground with incorporation
3  Broadcast, by aircraft
4  In seed furrow
5  In irrigation water
6  Chisel/Injected or knifed in
7  Banded in or over row
8  Foliar or directed spray


L
I
N
E



2

MATERIALS USED


[Enter percentage analysis or actual
pounds of plant nutrients applied per acre.]

[Show Common Nutrients or Fertilizers
in Respondent Booklet.]
3

What quantity
was applied
per acre?

[Leave this
column blank
if actual pounds of nutrients
were reported.]
4

[Enter
material
code.]

  1 Pounds
12 Gallons
19 Pounds
     of actual
     nutrients
5

When was
this applied?

1 In the fall
   before seeding

2 In the durum
   before seeding

3 At seeding

4 After seeding
6

How was
this
applied?

[Refer to
code list above.]
7

How many
acres were
treated
in this
application?





ACRES





























N
Nitrogen
P2O5
Phosphate
K2O
Potash
S
Sulfur





01
31
32
33
34
36
37
38
39
40
.___
02
31
32
33
34
36
37
38
39
40
.___
03
31
32
33
34
36
37
38
39
40
.___
04
31
32
33
34
36
37
38
39
40
.___
05
31
32
33
34
36
37
38
39
40
.___
06
31
32
33
34
36
37
38
39
40
.___
07
31
32
33
34
36
37
38
39
40
.___
08
31
32
33
34
36
37
38
39
40
.___





D
BIOCONTROL or PESTICIDE APPLICATIONS---SELECTED FIELD
D


Now I have some questions about all the biocontrols or pesticides used on this field for the 2019
durum wheat crop, including both custom applications and applications made by this operation.



CODE
EDIT TABLE
1. 	Were any herbicides, insecticides, fungicides or other biocontrols or pesticides used on this durum wheat field for the 2019 crop? . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0302
0300



	If no biocontrols or pesticides applied, go to Section E.

Include defoliants, fungicides, herbicides,
		  insecticides, and other pesticides.
Exclude nutrients or fertilizers reported
		  earlier and seed treatments.



Include biological and botanical pesticides.


OFFICE USE
LINES IN TABLE
TABLE
001
0399



CHEMICAL
PRODUCT
NAME

2
3
4
5
6         OR         7
8

L
I
N
E
What products
were applied
to the selected field?

[Show product
codes from
Respondent
Booklet.]
Was this
product
bought in
liquid or dry form?

[Enter L or D]
If this was part of a tank mix, enter line number of first product in
mix?


When
was this applied?

 1  BEFORE
	planting
 3  AT
	planting
 4  AFTER
	planting
 5  DEFOLIATION
	prior to harvest
How much was applied
per acre
per
application?


What was
the total
amount
applied per
application
in the selected field?
[Enter unit code.]
   1  Pounds
 12  Gallons
 13  Quarts
 14  Pints
 15  Liquid Ounces
 28  Dry Ounces
 30  Grams

01
61

63
64
65
.___ ___
73
.___ ___
74

02
61

63
64
65
.___ ___
73
.___ ___
74

03
61

63
64
65
.___ ___
73
.___ ___
74

04
61

63
64
65
.___ ___
73
.___ ___
74

05
61

63
64
65
.___ ___
73
.___ ___
74

06
61

63
64
65
.___ ___
73
.___ ___
74

07
61

63
64
65
.___ ___
73
.___ ___
74

08
61

63
64
65
.___ ___
73
.___ ___
74

09
61

63
64
65
.___ ___
73
.___ ___
74

10
61

63
64
65
.___ ___
73
.___ ___
74

11
61

63
64
65
.___ ___
73
.___ ___
74

12
61

63
64
65
.___ ___
73
.___ ___
74

13
61

63
64
65
.___ ___
73
.___ ___
74

14
61

63
64
65
.___ ___
73
.___ ___
74

2.	[For biocontrols or pesticides not listed in Respondent Booklet, specify---]

LINE

Pesticide Type
(Herbicide, Insecticide Fungicide, etc.)

EPA No. or Trade name
and Formulation

Form Purchased
(Liquid or Dry)

Where Purchased
[Ask ONLY if EPA No. cannot be reported.]





























APPLICATIONS CODES for column 9




   1  Broadcast, ground without incorporation
   2  Broadcast, ground with incorporation
   3  Broadcast, by aircraft
   4  In seed furrow
   5  In irrigation water
   6  Chisel/injected or knifed in
   7  Banded in or over row
   8  Foliar or directed spray
   9  Spot treatments





















9
10
11
12
















L
I
N
E
How
was this
product
applied?


[Enter code
from above.]
How many
acres in the selected
field were
treated with
this product?

How many
times was it
applied?

Were these
applications
made by---

   1  Operator, partner
	or family member?
   2  Custom applicator?
   3  Employee/Other?














ACRES
NUMBER





01
76
77
.___
79
80




02
76
77
.___
79
80




03
76
77
.___
79
80




04
76
77
.___
79
80




05
76
77
.___
79
80




06
76
77
.___
79
80




07
76
77
.___
79
80




08
76
77
.___
79
80




09
76
77
.___
79
80




10
76
77
.___
79
80




11
76
77
.___
79
80




12
76
77
.___
79
80




13
76
77
.___
79
80




14
76
77
.___
79
80






E
PEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
E

Now I have some questions about your pest management decisions and practices used on this field for the 2019 durum wheat crop.  By pests, we mean WEEDS, INSECTS, and DISEASES.
ENUMERATOR ACTION:  Were PESTICIDE applications reported in Section D?]
	  YES – [Continue]
	    NO – [Go to item 4]
CODE
1. 	Was weather data used to assist in determining either the need or when to make pesticide applications? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0800





6.	In 2019, how was the selected field
	primarily scouted for insects,
	weeds, diseases, and/or beneficial
	organisms? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1  By deliberately going to the field specifically for scouting 	activities  [Enter code 1 and go to item 7.]

2  By conducting general observations while performing 	routine tasks  [Enter code 2 and go to item 9.]

3  This field was not scouted.
	[Enter code 3 and go to item 11.]


CODE


. . . .
0808



CODE

7.	Was an established scouting process (systematic sampling, recording counts, etc.) used
	or were insect traps used in the selected field? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 1
0809

8.	Was scouting for pests done in the selected field due to---

CODE
a.	a pest advisory warning?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 1
0810
b.	a pest development model?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 1
0811



1
2
3
9.	Was the selected durum wheat field scouted for---
YES = 1
NO = 3
[If YES, ask---]
What was the
infestation level for [column 1] ?


  1   Higher than normal
  2   Normal
  3   Less than normal

CODE
[If column 1 is YES, ask---]
Who did the majority
of the scouting
for [column 1] ?

1   Operator, partner or family member
2   An employee
	3   Farm supply or chemical dealer
4   Independent crop consultant
            or commercial scout

CODE
	a.  weeds?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0812
0813
0814
	b.  insects or mites?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0815
0816
0817
	c.  diseases?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0818
0819
0820





CODE
10.	Did you use field mapping of previous weed problems to assist you in making weed management decisions? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0825



11.	Did you do any of the following other types of pest management practices for the specific purpose of managing or reducing the spread of pests in the selected field?  [Enter code “1” for all that apply.]
CODE
a.	Use the services of a diagnostic laboratory for pest identification
	or soil plant tissue pest analysis for this field?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0841
b.	Plow down crop residue (using conventional tillage)?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0842
c.	Remove/burn down crop residue?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0843
d.	Rotate crops in the selected field during the past three years?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0844
e.	Maintain ground covers, mulches, or other physical barriers?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0845
f.	Choose crop variety because of specific resistance to a certain pest?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0846
g.	Use no-till or minimum till?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0847
h.	Plan planting locations to avoid cross infestation of pests?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0848
i.	Adjust planting or harvesting dates?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0849
j.	Chop, spray, mow, plow, or burn field edges, lanes, ditches,
	roadways, or fence lines?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0850
k.	Clean equipment and field implements after completing field work
	to reduce the spread of pests?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0851
l.	Adjust row spacing, plant density, or row directions?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0852
m.	Have the seed treated for insect or disease control
	after you purchased the seed for the selected field?. . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0854
n.	Maintain a beneficial insect or vertebrate habitat?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0855
o.	Maintain buffer strips or border rows to isolate durum wheat
	from non-organic crops or land, or did you take a buffer harvest?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0856
p.	Use a flamer to kill weeds?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0857
q.	Plant earlier or later to avoid weeds? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0865




12.	Were any beneficial organisms (insects, nematodes, fungi) applied or released in
	the selected field to manage pests? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0853
13.	Were floral lures, attractants, repellents, pheromone traps or other biological
	pest controls used on the selected field? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0858
14.	Was a trap crop (excluding fallow) grown to help manage insects in the selected field?. .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0863
15.	Was the selected field left fallow in 2018 to help manage insects on the selected field? .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0864

16.	Were water management practices such as irrigation scheduling, controlled
	drainage, or treatment of retention water used on the selected field to manage
	pests or toxin-producing fungi and bacteria? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
NO = 3
0861










17. For the selected field, were any of the following pesticide spraying practices or activities used in 2019? Pesticides 
      include insecticides, fungicides, herbicides and plant growth regulators (PGR). 

Pesticide Spraying
Practice or Activity
(1)





Was this used in 2019?

(2)

Was it specifically used to keep pesticide application(s) on-target (i.e., reduce pesticide drift)?
(3)
(Complete column for every YES in Column 1)

Considering labor, training, capital expenditures, and other costs, how easy or difficult was it to implement this practice or activity?
(4)
(Complete column for every NO in Column 1)

Why was this practice or activity NOT used?

Check all that apply.


Yes = 1
No = 3
Don’t Know = 2
Yes = 1
No = 3
Don’t Know = 2
1 – Very Easy
2 – Somewhat Easy
3 – Somewhat Difficult
4 – Very Difficult
1 – Cost of labor/training
2 – Cost of associated equipment/products
3 – Incompatible with current production practices (e.g., topography, equipment limitations)
4 – General time management issues/too busy
5 – Unfamiliar with activity or practice
6 – Other, specify:
a. Altering spray time(s) depending on weather conditions (e.g., wind speed, wind direction)




b. Drift reducing adjuvant(s)




c. Drift reducing nozzle(s)




d. Increased GPA spray solution




e. Calibrate sprayer before the season




f. Calibrate sprayer during the season




g. Manually altering sprayer settings to improve the spray precision (e.g., altering spray pressure, ground speed, and/or boom height)







h. Adopting the use of technologies to improve the spray precision (e.g., on/off nozzle spray technology, GPS boom section controls, automatic boom height stabilization, and/or infrared technology)




i. Shielded sprayers




j. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) (e.g. Aim Command, Raven's Hawk Eye, John Deere's Exact Apply, etc.)




k. Other - Specify: ________________





[Enumerator Notes: Question 18 pertains to pre-emergence pesticide applications, regardless of pesticide type. Questions 19 and 20 are specific to post-emergence applications, Question 19 addressing herbicide applications and Question 20 addressing insecticide/fungicide applications.]

18. Pre-emergence pesticide applications are pesticides that are applied BOTH prior to planting and/or before the 
      emergence of the wheat for early-season pest management. For the selected field, did this operation make any pre-
      emergence pesticide applications using aerial sprayers and/or ground boom sprayers in 2019? 

☐ Yes, made pre-emergence pesticide applications using aerial sprayers - Go to Item 19
☐ Yes, made pre-emergence pesticide applications using ground boom sprayers – Complete table below
	☐ No, did not make pre-emergence pesticide applications - Go to Item 19


Pre-emergence Pesticide Applications Using Ground Boom Sprayers
Code
	a.	What was the typical spray volume (gallons per acre-GPA) for pre-emergence pesticide applications?
1☐ < 5 GPA
2☐ 5 to < 7.5 GPA
3☐ 7.5 to < 10 GPA
4☐ 10 to < 15 GPA
5☐ 15 to < 20 GPA
6☐ 20 to < 25 GPA
7☐ 25 GPA or greater
99☐ Don't know

	b.	What is the typical operating pressure for pre-emergence pesticide applications (PSI)?
1☐ < 10 PSI
2☐ 10 to < 20 PSI
3☐ 20 to < 30 PSI
4☐ 30 to < 40 PSI
5☐ 40 to < 50 PSI
6☐ 50 to < 60 PSI
7☐ 60 to < 70 PSI
8☐ 70 to < 80 PSI
9☐ 80 to < 90 PSI
10☐ 90 to < 100 PSI
11☐100 PSI or greater
99☐ Don't know

d.	c.  What nozzles were typically used most often for any pre-emergence pesticide applications?
1☐ Hollow Cone
2☐ Full Cone
3☐ Disc/Core Nozzle
4☐ Flat (e.g., flat fan)
5☐ Air-inclusion (AI), Air-induction, Venturi
6☐ Other, specify: ______
99☐ Don’t Know

e.	d.  At what ground speed was this ground boom sprayer(s) typically driven during pre-emergence pesticide applications?
1☐ < 5 MPH
2☐ 5 to < 10 MPH
3☐ 10 to <15 MPH
4☐ 15 to <20 MPH
5☐ 20 MPH or greater
99☐ Don't know

f.	e.  At what boom height above ground or crop canopy did this operation typically spray during pre-emergence pesticide applications?
1☐ < 24 inches
2☐ 24 to < 36 inches
3☐ 36 inches or greater
99☐ Don't know

g.	f. What is the target droplet size spectrum for pre-emergence pesticide applications?
1☐   Less than 106 microns (Extremely Fine or Very Fine)
2☐   106-235 microns (Fine)
3☐   236-340 microns (Medium)
4☐   341-403 microns (Coarse)
5☐   404-502 microns (Very Coarse)
6☐   503-665 microns (Extremely Coarse)
7☐  Greater than 665 microns (Ultra Coarse)
99☐  Don’t Know



19. Post-emergence herbicide applications are made to control weeds that occur after emergence of the wheat. For this 
      selected field, did this operation make any post-emergence herbicide applications using aerial sprayers and/or ground 
      boom sprayers in 2019?

☐ Yes, made post-emergence herbicide applications using aerial sprayers - Go to Item 20
☐ Yes, made post-emergence herbicide applications using ground boom sprayers – Complete table below
	☐ No, did not make post-emergence herbicide applications - Go to Item 20


Post-emergence Herbicide Applications Using Ground Broom Sprayers
Code
	a.	What was the typical spray volume (gallons per acre-GPA) for post-emergence herbicide applications?
1☐ < 5 GPA
2☐ 5 to < 7.5 GPA
3☐ 7.5 to < 10 GPA
4☐ 10 to < 15 GPA
5☐ 15 to < 20 GPA
6☐ 20 to < 25 GPA
7☐ 25 GPA or greater
99☐ Don't know

	b.	What is the typical operating pressure for post-emergence herbicide applications (PSI)?
1☐ < 10 PSI
2☐ 10 to < 20 PSI
3☐ 20 to < 30 PSI
4☐ 30 to < 40 PSI
5☐ 40 to < 50 PSI
6☐ 50 to < 60 PSI
7☐ 60 to < 70 PSI
8☐ 70 to < 80 PSI
9☐ 80 to < 90 PSI
10☐ 90 to < 100 PSI
11☐100 PSI or greater
99☐ Don't know

d.	c.  What nozzles were typically used most often for any post-emergence herbicide applications?
1☐ Hollow Cone
2☐ Full Cone
3☐ Disc/Core
4☐ Flat (e.g., flat fan)
5☐ Air-inclusion (AI), Air-induction, Venturi
6☐ Other, specify: ______
99☐ Don’t Know

e.	d.  At what ground speed was this ground boom sprayer(s) typically driven during post-emergence herbicide applications?
1☐ < 5 MPH
2☐ 5 to < 10 MPH
3☐ 10 to <15 MPH
4☐ 15 to <20 MPH
5☐ 20 MPH or greater
99☐ Don't know

f.	e.  At what boom height above ground or crop canopy did this operation typically spray during post-emergence herbicide applications?
1☐ < 24 inches
2☐ 24 to < 36 inches
3☐ 36 inches or greater
99☐ Don't know

g.	f. What is the target droplet size spectrum for post-emergence herbicide applications?
1☐   Less than 106 microns (Extremely Fine or Very Fine)
2☐   106-235 microns (Fine)
3☐   236-340 microns (Medium)
4☐   341-403 microns (Coarse)
5☐   404-502 microns (Very Coarse)
6☐   503-665 microns (Extremely Coarse)
7☐  Greater than 665 microns (Ultra Coarse)
99☐  Don’t Know



20. Post-emergence insecticide and/or fungicide applications are made to control pests that occur after emergence of the 
      wheat. For the selected field, did this operation make any post-emergence insecticide and/or fungicide applications      
      using aerial sprayers and/or ground boom sprayers in 2019?

☐ Yes, made post-emergence insecticide/fungicide applications using aerial sprayers - Go to Item 21
☐ Yes, made post-emergence insecticide/fungicide applications using ground boom sprayers – Complete table below
	☐ No, did not make pre-emergence pesticide applications - Go to Item 21


Post-emergence Insecticide/Fungicide Applications Using Ground Boom Sprayers
Code
	a.	What was the typical spray volume (gallons per acre-GPA) for post-emergence insecticide/fungicide applications?
1☐ < 5 GPA
2☐ 5 to < 7.5 GPA
3☐ 7.5 to < 10 GPA
4☐ 10 to < 15 GPA
5☐ 15 to < 20 GPA
6☐ 20 to < 25 GPA
7☐ 25 GPA or greater
99☐ Don't know

	b.	What is the typical operating pressure for post-emergence insecticide/fungicide applications (PSI)?
1☐ < 10 PSI
2☐ 10 to < 20 PSI
3☐ 20 to < 30 PSI
4☐ 30 to < 40 PSI
5☐ 40 to < 50 PSI
6☐ 50 to < 60 PSI
7☐ 60 to < 70 PSI
8☐ 70 to < 80 PSI
9☐ 80 to < 90 PSI
10☐ 90 to < 100 PSI
11☐100 PSI or greater
99☐ Don't know

d.	c.  What nozzles were typically used most often for any post-emergence insecticide/fungicide applications?
1☐ Hollow Cone
2☐ Full Cone
3☐ Disc/Core Nozzle
4☐ Flat (e.g., flat fan)
5☐ Air-inclusion (AI), Air-induction, Venturi
6☐ Other, specify: ______
99☐ Don’t Know

e.	d.  At what ground speed was this ground boom sprayer(s) typically driven during post-emergence insecticide/fungicide applications?
1☐ < 5 MPH
2☐ 5 to < 10 MPH
3☐ 10 to <15 MPH
4☐ 15 to <20 MPH
5☐ 20 MPH or greater
99☐ Don't know

f.	e.  At what boom height above ground or crop canopy did this operation typically spray during post-emergence insecticide/fungicide applications?
1☐ < 24 inches
2☐ 24 to < 36 inches
3☐ 36 inches or greater
99☐ Don't know

g.	f. What is the target droplet size spectrum for post-emergence insecticide/fungicide applications?
1☐   Less than 106 microns (Extremely Fine or Very Fine)
2☐   106-235 microns (Fine)
3☐   236-340 microns (Medium)
4☐   341-403 microns (Coarse)
5☐   404-502 microns (Very Coarse)
6☐   503-665 microns (Extremely Coarse)
7☐  Greater than 665 microns (Ultra Coarse)
99☐  Don’t Know



21.  Which of the following spraying practices resulted in a sprayer re-calibration in 2019? Check all that apply.

☐  a. Computer calibration alert system
☐  b. Change in product being applied 
☐  c. Observed change in spray pattern or Gallons per Acre (GPA) output (e.g., from worn nozzles)
☐  d. Scheduled calibration (e.g., daily, monthly, annually)
☐  e. When moving to a different block or crop 
☐  f. Other, specify: ________
☐  g. None of the above

22.	For the selected field, how often did this operation clean the ground boom sprayer tank system in 2019? Check all that apply
 ☐ 1   Before the season
 ☐ 2   After the season
 ☐ 3   Depended on the product(s)
 ☐ 4   Regularly scheduled cleaning
 ☐ 5   Other, specify: __________________________
 ☐ 6   Never







[Enumerator Note: If Respondent answered code 1 - 5 for Item 22, answer Item 22a and 22b; else skip to Item 23]
22a.For each time that the ground boom sprayer was cleaned, how often was a tank cleaner used? …………………………………...

☐ 1 Always (100%)
☐ 2 Often (51% or more)
☐ 3 Sometimes (50% or less)
☐ 4 Never (0%)
  ☐  99. Don’t Know







22b. Did this operation use separate spray rigs for herbicide applications? ………………..

 ☐ 1 Yes
 ☐ 3 No
 ☐ 2 Don’t Know








23. For the selected field, what material were a majority of the nozzles made of that were used across all pesticide 
     applications made in 2019? Select one.

☐ a. Plastic, such as Polypropylene (i.e. Poly or PP) or other types
☐ b. Aluminum, brass, or other soft metal(s) 
☐ c. Stainless steel (including hardened stainless steel)
☐ d. Porcelain or other ceramic materials
☐ e. Other, specify: ____________________________

24. For the selected field, what were the most common reasons for replacing the nozzles on the sprayers in 2019?  Check  
      all that apply.

☐ a. Regularly scheduled calendar-based replacement (i.e., annually, twice annually, monthly, etc.)
☐ b. Regularly scheduled replacement based on operating time (i.e., sprayer operating hours)
☐ c. Sporadic replacement based on area covered or general intuition (i.e., it feels like the right time to change nozzles)
☐ d. Calibration problems (i.e., too high or too low a flow rate)
☐ e. Observed nozzle damage (e.g., change in spray pattern or leaks)
☐ f. Availability of new nozzle technologies
☐ g. Expert and/or consultant recommendations (e.g., Cooperative Extension, crop consultants, etc.) 
☐ h. Other, please specify: ______________________ 
☐ i. None of the above


25. For the selected field, on what proportion did this operation use hedge rows or other wind-breaking structures (that are at least one and a half times the height of the crop canopy) for drift reduction in 2019?

☐ a. 0%
☐ b. 1% to 25%
☐ c. 26% to 50%
☐ d. 51% to 75%
☐ e. 76% to 100%
☐ f. Don’t know
26. How often were the following sources of information used to inform pest management decisions in 2019? 

Sources of Information
(1)

How often was this source of information used?

1 - Always (100%)
2 - Often (51% or more)
3 - Sometimes (50% or less)
4 - Never (0%)
99  Don’t Know
(2)

Which of these sources was this operation’s PRIMARY source of pest management decisions? Select one.

1 = Primary
3 = Not Primary
a.    Pesticide Product Labels


b.  University and/or Agricultural Cooperative
     Extension Resources/Recommendations


c.   Non-University literature, such as magazines or newspapers


d.   Grower/Trade Groups


e.   Pesticide Sales Representatives and/or Farm
     Supply Distributors


Crop Consultants Paid for by the Operation


    a. Other Grower(s)


    b. Non-University Decision Tools


    c. Weather Forecasting Tools


    d. Other, Specify: ___________________



27. (If 26b, column 1 equals 1, 2, 3) Which of the following types of services offered by the University and/or Agricultural Cooperative Extension were most often used as sources of pest management decisions in 2019? 

University and/or Agricultural Cooperative Extension Services

How often was this source of information used?

1- Always (100%)
2 - Often (51% or more)
3 - Sometimes (50% or less)
4 - Never (0%)
99 -  Don’t Know
    a. Formal presentations (e.g., annual meetings, educational trainings)

    b. Field days/ demonstration workshops

    c. Farm visits and/or one-on-one consultation

    d. Email lists

    e. Newsletters

    f. Crop and/or Pest Protection Handbook

    g. Other publications (e.g. Fact sheets)

    h. Decision tools

    i. Other, Specify: _____________________________________



28.	For the selected field, how often were the following practices used during the season to manage herbicide, fungicide and insecticide resistance in 2019?
Practices to Manage Resistance for
Herbicide, Fungicide and Insecticide
(Only complete if operation uses herbicides)

How often was each practice used on this field to manage herbicide resistance?
(Only complete if operation uses fungicides)

How often was each practice used on this field to manage fungicide resistance?
(Only complete if operation uses insecticides)

How often was each practice used on this field to manage insecticide resistance?


1   Always (100%)
2  Often (51% or more)
3   Sometimes (50% or less)
4   Never (0%)
99. Don’t Know
1  Always (100%)
2  Often (51% or more)
3  Sometimes (50% or less)
4  Never (0%)
99. Don’t Know
1  Always (100%)
2  Often (51% or more)
3  Sometimes (50% or less)
4  Never (0%)
99. Don’t Know

    a. Field mapping weeds and/or keeping
     records of field history and pesticide use to assist pesticide decisions




    b. Field Management/Sanitation Practices:




 i. For weed control (e.g., crop rotation, tillage, planting cover crops, managing field borders, preventing field-to-field and within field movement of weed seed)




ii. For disease control (e.g., removing or incorporating field residue to reduce potential disease infestations, managing field borders)




iii. For insect control (e.g., removing or incorporating field residue to reduce potential insect infestations, managing field borders)




    c. Planting insect-resistant and/or disease-resistant varieties of wheat




    d. Pre-harvest and/or post-harvest control of weeds and/or disease to reduce the return of weed seeds and/or seed-borne diseases




    e. Use of pest diagnostic tools [e.g., Integrated Pest Management (IPM) treatment thresholds; predictive weather models (e.g., degree day models); pest forecasting systems, and/or assistance from diagnostic networks]




e.  Pesticide Mode of Action (MOA) rotation




f.   Pesticide Mode of Action (MOA)  combination (i.e., tank mix or pre-mix product)








29. In an effort to reduce off-target impacts to plants, pollinators, and/or beneficial insects, did this operation communicate with or consult any of the following sources in 2019? Check all that apply. 

 ☐ a. Neighboring crop producers
 ☐ b. Nearby beekeepers
 ☐ c.  A local expert, such as an Agricultural Cooperative Extension agent
 ☐ d. State Managed Pollinator Protection Plans, or MP3s (MP3s are state-developed efforts that intend to reduce pesticide  
            exposure through timely communication and coordination among beekeepers, growers, pesticide applicators, and 
            landowners)
☐ e.  Driftwatch (Driftwatch is a voluntary communication tool that enables crop producers, beekeepers, and pesticide 
            applicators to work together to protect crops and apiaries through the use of mapping programs.)
☐ f.  Other communication tool(s), specify: __________________________
☐ g. Other, specify: ____________________________________________________________________

30. Are the spraying practices for other fields on this operation similar to the spraying practices for this selected field?
☐ a. Yes
☐ b. No – Please explain the difference: ________________________________
☐ c. Don’t Know

43. Which of the following auditing systems, if any, did this operation participate in in 2019? Check all that apply. 
☐ a. GLOBALG.A.P. 
☐ b. Safe Quality Food (SQF) Program
☐ c. Other, specify: _______________
☐ d. This operation did not participate in an auditing system
☐ e. Don’t know 










Completion Code for Pest Management Data

1 Incomplete/Refusal
500






NOTES:




CONCLUSION


5.	To receive the complete results of this survey on the release date, go to
	http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/

	To have a brief summary emailed to you at a later date, please enter your email address


1095




CODE
	Would you like to receive a copy of the results of this survey in the mail?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
9990
	[Thank the respondent, then review this questionnaire.]
H    H    M    M
6.	ENDING TIME [MILITARY]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0005

___ ___ ___ ___
RECORDS USED

7.	 [Did respondent use farm/ranch records to report--]

CODE
a.	[fertilizer data?]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
0011
b.	[pesticide data?]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
YES = 1
0012
SUPPLEMENTS USED
NUMBER
8.  [Record the total number of each type of supplement used to
	complete this interview.]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FERTILIZER
APPLICATIONS
0041

PESTICIDE
APPLICATIONS
0042



Reported by:____________________________________
9910
  ____ ____  ____ ____  19
        M       M         D        D
9911

Telephone(______)____________