1219-0089 Supporting Statement 2022

Safety Defects; Examination, Correction, and Records

OMB Control No.: 1219-0089

OMB Expiration date: 10/31/2023

Supporting Statement for

Paperwork Reduction Act Submission

This ICR seeks to extend, without change, an existing information collection request.

OMB Control Number: 1219-0089

Information Collection Request Title: Safety Defects; Examination, Correction, and Records

Authority:

30 CFR 56.13015 Inspection of compressed-air receivers and other unfired pressure vessels.

30 CFR 57.13015 Inspection of compressed-air receivers and other unfired pressure vessels.

30 CFR 56.14100 Safety defects; examination, correction and records.

30 CFR 57.14100 Safety defects; examination, correction and records.

30 CFR 56.13030 Boilers.

30 CFR 57.13030 Boilers.

30 CFR 56.18002 Examination of working places.

30 CFR 57.18002 Examination of working places.

(pertains to metal and nonmetal surface and underground mines)

Collection Instrument(s): None

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

A. Justification

1. Explain the circumstances that make the collection of information necessary. Identify any legal or administrative requirements that necessitate the collection. Attach a copy of the appropriate section of each statute and regulation mandating or authorizing the collection of information.

Section 103(h) of the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 (Mine Act), 30 U.S.C. 813(h), authorizes the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) to collect information necessary to carry out its duty in protecting the safety and health of miners. Further, section 101(a) of the Mine Act, 30 U.S.C. 811, authorizes the Secretary of Labor (Secretary) to develop, promulgate, and revise as may be appropriate, improved mandatory health or safety standards for the protection of life and prevention of injuries in coal and metal and nonmetal mines.

30 CFR 56.13015 and 30 CFR 57.13015 require compressed-air receivers and other unfired pressure vessels at surface and underground metal and nonmetal mines to be inspected by inspectors holding a valid National Board Commission and in accordance with the applicable chapters of the National Board Inspection Code, a Manual for Boiler and Pressure Vessels Inspectors, 1979. Safety defects found on compressed-air receivers and other unfired pressure vessels have caused injuries and fatalities in the mining industry.

Records of inspections must be kept in accordance with the requirements of the National Board Inspection Code and the records must be made available to the Secretary or an authorized representative.

30 CFR 56.13030 and 30 CFR 57.13030 require that fired pressure vessels (boilers) must be equipped with water level gauges, pressure gauges, automatic pressure-relief valves, blowdown piping, and other safety devices approved by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) to protect against hazards from overpressure, flameouts, fuel interruptions, and low water level.

30 CFR 56.13030 and 30 CFR 57.13030 require that records of inspection and repairs be retained by the mine operator in accordance with the requirements of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, 1977, and the National Board Inspection Code, 1979, (progressive records - no limit on retention time) and shall be made available to the Secretary or an authorized representative.

30 CFR 56.14100 and 30 CFR 57.14100 require operators to inspect equipment, machinery, and tools that are to be used during a shift for safety defects before the equipment is placed in operation. Defects affecting safety are required to be corrected in a timely manner. In instances where the defect makes continued operation of the equipment hazardous to persons, the equipment must be removed from service, tagged to identify that it is out of use, and repaired before use is resumed.

Safety defects on self‑propelled mobile equipment account for many injuries and fatalities in the mining industry. Inspection of this equipment prior to use is required to ensure safe operation. The equipment operator is required to make visual and operational checks of the various primary operating systems that affect safety, such as brakes, lights, horn, seatbelts, tires, steering, back-up alarm, windshield, cab safety glass, rear and side view mirrors, and other safety and health related items. Any defects found are required to be either corrected immediately or reported to and recorded by the mine operator prior to the timely correction. The precise format in which the record is kept is left to the discretion of the mine operator.

Reports of uncorrected defects are required to be recorded by the mine operator and kept at the mine office from the date the defects are recorded until the defects are corrected.

30 CFR 56.18002 and 30 CFR 57.18002 require a competent person designated by the operator to examine each working place at least once each shift before miners begin working in that place and to promptly initiate appropriate corrective action when adverse conditions are found. The operator must also notify miners of any adverse conditions found that are not corrected before miners are potentially exposed to such hazards. If conditions noted by the competent person are an imminent danger, the operator must withdraw all persons from the area.

A record of each examination must be made before the end of the shift for which the examination was conducted and must include the name of the person conducting the examination, date of the examination, location of all areas examined, and a description of each condition found that may adversely affect the safety or health of miners. When a condition that may adversely affect safety or health is corrected, the examination record must include, or be supplemented to include, the date of the corrective action. A record of such examinations must be kept by the operator for 1 year and must be made available for inspection by authorized representatives of the Secretary and the representatives of miners, with a copy provided upon request.

2. Indicate how, by whom, and for what purpose the information is to be used. Except for a new collection, indicate the actual use the agency has made of the information received from the current collection.

The records are used by industry management and maintenance personnel to ensure that defects are not overlooked, that repairs are made, and to monitor when and how often maintenance is performed on certain equipment, machinery, and tools. Additionally, the inspection records indicate any hazards that were discovered and how the hazards or unsafe conditions were abated. Federal mine inspectors use the records to ensure that unsafe conditions are identified and corrected.

3. Describe whether, and to what extent, the collection of information involves the use of automated, electronic, mechanical, or other technological collection techniques or other forms of information technology, e.g., permitting electronic submission of responses, and the basis for the decision for adopting this means of collection. Also describe any consideration of using information technology to reduce burden.

No improved information technology has been identified that would reduce the burden; however, to comply with the Government Paperwork Elimination Act, MSHA allows mine operators to retain the records in whatever method they choose, which may include using computer technology.

4. Describe efforts to identify duplication. Show specifically why any similar information already available cannot be used or modified for use for the purposes described in Item 2 above.

There are no similar records that could be used or modified for use in lieu of the required records. MSHA requires a record to be kept that complies with requirements of 30 CFR 56.14100 and 30 CFR 57.14100 only when safety defects are not corrected immediately. 30 CFR 56.13015, 30 CFR 57.13015, 30 CFR 56.13030, 30 CFR 57.13030, 30 CFR 56.18002, and 30 CFR 57.18002 require that records be kept of inspections. MSHA uses such records to ensure that a regular inspection schedule is maintained and/or that any unsafe conditions are discovered and corrected.

5. If the collection of information impacts small businesses or other small entities describe any methods used to minimize burden.

MSHA has undertaken measures to minimize any burden on small businesses or entities subject to these requirements. MSHA’s Technical Support Directorate (Tech Support) frequently answers phone calls and emails from small businesses and other small entities about conducting these inspections. This assistance from Tech Support helps the businesses comply with these standards and helps reduce burden.

6. Describe the consequence to Federal program or policy activities if the collection is not conducted or is conducted less frequently, as well as any technical or legal obstacles to reducing burden.

Further reductions of these requirements could allow unsafe equipment to remain in operation; thereby, jeopardizing the safety of miners. Also, unsafe working conditions at mines could remain unidentified and uncorrected leading to increased accidents and fatalities.

7. Explain any special circumstances that would cause an information collection to be conducted in a manner:

• Requiring respondents to report information to the agency more often than quarterly;

• Requiring respondents to prepare a written response to a collection of information in fewer than 30 days after receipt of it;

• Requiring respondents to submit more than an original and two copies of any document;

• Requiring respondents to retain records, other than health, medical, government contract, grant-in- aid, or tax records for more than three years;

• In connection with a statistical survey, that is not designed to produce valid and reliable results that can be generalized to the universe of study;

• Requiring the use of a statistical data classification that has not been reviewed and approved by OMB;

• That includes a pledge of confidentiality that is not supported by authority established in statute or regulation, that is not supported by disclosure and data security policies that are consistent with the pledge, or which unnecessarily impedes sharing of data with other agencies for compatible confidential use; or

• Requiring respondents to submit proprietary trade secret, or other confidential information unless the agency can demonstrate that it has instituted procedures to protect the information's confidentiality to the extent permitted by law.

This collection of information is consistent with the guidelines in 5 CFR 1320.5.

8. If applicable, provide a copy and identify the data and page number of publication in the Federal Register of the agency's notice, required by 5 CFR 1320.8(d), soliciting comments on the information collection prior to submission to OMB.

In accordance with 5 CFR 1320.8(d), MSHA will publish the proposed information collection requirements in the Federal Register, notifying the public that these information collection requirements are being reviewed in accordance with the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, and giving interested persons 60 days to submit comments. MSHA published a 60-day Federal Register notice on March 21, 2023 (88 FR 54). No comments received.

9. Explain any decision to provide any payment or gift to respondents, other than remuneration of contractors or grantees.

MSHA does not provide payments or gifts to respondents.

10. Describe any assurance of confidentiality provided to respondents and the basis for the assurance in statute, regulation, or agency policy.

There is no assurance of confidentiality provided to respondents. The operators maintained the records.

11. Provide additional justification for any questions of a sensitive nature, such as sexual behavior and attitudes, religious beliefs, and other matters that are commonly considered private. This justification should include the reasons why the agency considers the questions necessary, the specific uses to be made of the information, the explanation to be given to persons from whom the information is requested, and any steps to be taken to obtain their consent.

There are no questions of a sensitive nature.

12. Provide estimates of the hour burden of the collection of information. The statement should:

• Indicate the number of respondents, frequency of response, annual hour burden, and an explanation of how the burden was estimated. Unless directed to do so, agencies should not conduct special surveys to obtain information on which to base hour burden estimates. Consultation with a sample (fewer than 10) of potential respondents is desirable. If the hour burden on respondents is expected to vary widely because of differences in activity, size, or complexity, show the range of estimated hour burden, and explain the reasons for the variance. Generally, estimates should not include burden hours for customary and usual business practices.

• If this request for approval covers more than one form, provide separate hour burden estimates for each form and aggregate the hour burdens.

• Provide estimates of annualized cost to respondents for the hour burdens for collections of information, identifying and using appropriate wage rate categories. The cost of contracting out or paying outside parties for information collection activities should not be included here. Instead, this cost should be included under ‘Annual Cost to Federal Government’.

PRA Respondents

Based on information as of May 1, 2021, MSHA estimates that there will be 11,279 active underground and surface metal and nonmetal mines that need to collect and provide information as a result of this rule.

The following mine information is provided for CY 2021:

9,904 mines with 1-19 employees working a total number of 3,380,265 shifts per year

1,347 mines with 20-500 employees working a total of 732,555 shifts per year

28 mines with >500 employees working a total of 22,995 shifts per year.

Wage Rates Determinations¹

MSHA used data from the May 2021 Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) for hourly wage rates² and adjusted the rates for benefits³ and wage inflation⁴. The occupations listed below in Table 12-1 are those that were determined to be relevant for the cost calculations.

Table 12-1 Hourly Wage Rates for Metal/Non-Metal (MNM) Mines

		A	B	C	A x B x C
Occupation	NAICS Code	Mean Wage Rate	Benefit Multiplier	Inflation Multiplier	Loaded Hourly Wage Rate
Clerical Employee1	212200, 212300	$19.39	1.490	1.043	$30.13
Miner2	212200, 212300	$24.34	1.490	1.043	$37.82

Note: MSHA used the latest 4-quarter moving average 2021Q3-2022Q2 to determine that 32.9 percent of total loaded wages are benefits. The benefit multiplier is 1.490 = 1+( .329/(1-.329)). The inflation multiplier of 1.043 (= 150.5/144.3) was determined by using the employment price index from the latest quarter, 2022Q2, divided by the base year and quarter of the OEWS employment and wage statistics, 2021Q2.

¹The Standard Occupation Codes (SOC) used for this occupation are (43-6014) and (43-9061).

²The SOCs used for this occupation are (47-5000), (49-9071), (51-9021), and (53-7000).

1. Inspections of Unfired Pressure Vessels (§56.13015 and §57.13015)

30 CFR 56.13015 and 30 CFR 57.13015 require that compressed-air receivers and other unfired pressure vessels be inspected by inspectors holding a valid National Board Commission and in accordance with the applicable chapters of the National Board Inspection Code, a Manual for Boiler and Pressure Vessels Inspectors, 1979. The standards also require that records of inspections be kept and made available in accordance with the requirements of the National Board Inspection Code. There are approximately 3,884 compressed-air receivers and other unfired pressure vessels that must be inspected annually. MSHA estimates that the time required for a miner to make the record would be approximately 10 minutes per vessel.

Table 12-2 Estimated Annual Respondent Hour and Cost Burden, Inspections of Unfired Pressure Vessels

Occupation	No. of Respondents (Inspections)	No. of Responses per Respondent	Total Responses (Inspection Records)	Avg. Burden per Response (Minutes)	Total Annual Burden (Hours)	Avg. Hourly Wage Rate	Total Annual Respondent Cost
Miner	3,884	1	3,884	10	647.33	$37.82	$24,483.89
Subtotal	3,884	-	3,884	-	647	-	$24,484



2. Inspections of Fired Pressure Vessels (§56.13030 and §57.13030)

30 CFR 56.13030 and 30 CFR 57.13030 require that records of inspections and repairs be retained by the mine operator in accordance with the requirements of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code and the National Board Inspection Code and made available to MSHA. There are approximately 70 fired pressure vessels (boilers) that must be inspected annually.

MSHA estimates that the time required for a miner to make the record would be approximately 10 minutes.

Table 12-3 Estimated Annual Respondent Hour and Cost Burden, Inspections of Fired Pressure Vessels

Occupation	No. of Respondents (Inspections)	No. of Responses per Respondent	Total Responses (Inspection Records)	Avg. Burden per Response (Minutes)	Total Annual Burden (Hours)	Avg. Hourly Wage Rate	Total Annual Respondent Cost
Miner	70	1	70	10.00	11.67	$37.82	$441.26
Subtotal	70	-	70	-	12	-	$441

3. Operator Equipment Inspections (§56.14100(d) and §57.14100(d))

30 CFR 56.14100(d) and 30 CFR 57.14100(d) require that an inspection be made at every shift for equipment that is to be used. Further, a record is required to be made of any defects affecting safety that are not corrected immediately. MSHA estimates that such a defect would occur, on average, 15 percent of the time. MSHA estimates that it will take a MNM miner an average of five minutes to record the required information.

The following information was collected for 2021:

9,904 MNM mines with 1-19 employees working a total number of 3,380,265 shifts per year.

1,347 MNM mines with 20-500 employees working a total of 732,555 shifts per year.

28 MNM mines with >500 employees working a total of 22,995 shifts per year.

Table 12-4 Estimated Annual Respondent Hour and Cost Burden, Operator Equipment Inspections

Mine Size	No. of Respondents (Shifts)	No. of Responses per Respondent	Total Responses (Inspection Records)	Avg. Burden per Response (Minutes)	Total Annual Burden (Hours)	Avg. Hourly Wage Rate	Total Annual Respondent Cost
1 – 19 Employees	3,380,265	0.15	507,040	5	42,253.33	$37.82	$1,598,134.60
20 – 500 Employees	732,555	0.15	109,883	5	9,156.92	$37.82	$346,339.19
500+ Employees	22,995	0.15	3,449	5	287.42	$37.82	$10,870.87
Subtotal	4,135,815	-	620,372	-	51,698	-	$1,955,345

4. Operator Workplace Inspections (§56.18002(b)(c) and §57.18002(b)(c))

30 CFR 56.18002(b) and (c) and 30 CFR 57.18002(b) and (c) require that a competent person designated by the mine operator examine each working place at least once each shift for conditions which may adversely affect safety or health, and make a record that the examination was conducted, including any adverse condition found, before the end of the shift for which the examination was conducted. The records of such examinations shall be kept by the operator for a period of 1 year and shall be made available for review by the Secretary or an authorized representative.

MSHA estimates that the time required for the recordkeeping activities would be approximately 12 minutes per mine. In addition, 30 CFR 56.18002(b) and (c) and 30 CFR 57.18002(b) and (c) require the record to include the following information: (1) the name of the person conducting the examination; (2) the date of the examination; (3) the location of all areas examined; (4) and beside the description of each condition found that may adversely affect the safety or health of miners,; and (5) the date when a condition that may adversely affect safety or health is corrected.

MSHA estimates the time required to record the additional information would be approximately 5 minutes per mine. MSHA estimates that a MNM miner will take 17 minutes (12 minutes + 5 minutes) to make a record of the examination and include the additional information in the record.

The following information was collected for 2021:

9,904 MNM mines with 1-19 employees working a total number of 3,380,265 shifts per year.

1,347 MNM mines with 20-500 employees working a total of 732,555 shifts per year.

28 MNM mines with >500 employees working a total of 22,995 shifts per year.

Table 12-5 Estimated Annual Respondent Hour and Cost Burden, Operator Workplace Inspections

Mine Size	No. of Respondents (Shifts)	No. of Responses per Respondent	Total Responses (Inspection Records)	Avg. Burden per Response (Minutes)	Total Annual Burden (Hours)	Avg. Hourly Wage Rate	Total Annual Respondent Cost
1 – 19 Employees	3,380,265	1	3,380,265	17	957,741.75	$37.82	$36,224,366.44
20 – 500 Employees	732,555	1	732,555	17	207,557.25	$37.82	$7,850,372.90
500+ Employees	22,995	1	22,995	17	6,515.25	$37.82	$246,424.26
Subtotal	4,135,815	-	4,135,815	-	1,171,814	-	$44,321,164



5. Workplace Inspection Records (§56.18002(d) and §57.18002(d))

30 CFR 56.18002(d) and 57.18002(d) require that the operator provide miners’ representatives with a copy of the examination record on request. MSHA estimates that a MNM clerical employee will take one minute to make and provide a copy of the examination record to the representative of the miners. MSHA estimates that the number of times that a copy of the examination record will be requested is: 10 percent in mines with 1-19 employees; 50 percent in mines with 20-500 employees; and 100 percent in mines with 500+ employees.

The following information was collected for 2021:

9,904 MNM mines with 1-19 employees working a total number of 3,380,265 shifts per year.

1,347 MNM mines with 20-500 employees working a total of 732,555 shifts per year.

28 MNM mines with >500 employees working a total of 22,995 shifts per year.

Table 12-6 Estimated Annual Respondent Hour and Cost Burden, Workplace Inspection Records

Mine Size	No. of Respondents (Shifts)	No. of Responses per Respondent	Total Responses (Inspection Records)	Avg. Burden per Response (Minutes)	Total Annual Burden (Hours)	Avg. Hourly Wage Rate	Total Annual Respondent Cost
1 – 19 Employees	3,380,265	0.10	338,027	1	5,633.78	$30.13	$169,767.72
20 – 500 Employees	732,555	0.50	366,278	1	6,104.63	$30.13	$183,956.25
500+ Employees	22,995	1.00	22,995	1	383.25	$30.13	$11,548.81
Subtotal	4,135,815	-	727,300	-	12,122	-	$365,273



In summary, MSHA estimates that the 11,279 respondents (mine operators) would incur, on average, an annual collection burden of 1,236,293 hours with an associated annual cost of $46,666,706.

Table 12-7 Estimated Annual Respondent Hour and Cost Burden, OMB #1219-0089

Cost Component	No. of Respondents	Total Responses	Total Annual Burden (Hours)	Total Annual Respondent Cost
Unfired Vessel Inspections	3,884	3,884	647.33	$24,483.89
Fired Vessel Inspections	70	70	11.67	$441.26
Operator Equipment Inspections	4,135,815	620,372	51,697.67	$1,955,344.67
Operator Workplace Inspections	4,135,815	4,135,815	1,171,814.25	$44,321,163.61
Workplace Inspection Records	4,135,815	727,300	12,121.67	$365,272.78
Total	11,279	5,487,441	1,236,293	$46,666,706



13. Provide an estimate of the total annual cost burden to respondents or record keepers resulting from the collection of information. (Do not include the cost of any hour burden already reflected on the burden worksheet).

• The cost estimate should be split into two components: (a) a total capital and start-up cost component (annualized over its expected useful life); and (b) a total operation and maintenance and purchase of services component. The estimates should take into account costs associated with generating, maintaining, and disclosing or providing the information. Include descriptions of methods used to estimate major cost factors including system and technology acquisition, expected useful life of capital equipment, the discount rate(s), and the time period over which costs will be incurred. Capital and start-up costs include, among other items, preparations for collecting information such as purchasing computers and software; monitoring, sampling, drilling and testing equipment; and record storage facilities.

• If cost estimates are expected to vary widely, agencies should present ranges of cost burdens and explain the reasons for the variance. The cost of purchasing or contracting out information collection services should be a part of this cost burden estimate. In developing cost burden estimates, agencies may consult with a sample of respondents (fewer than 10), utilize the 60-day pre-OMB submission public comment process and use existing economic or regulatory impact analysis associated with the rulemaking containing the information collection, as appropriate.

• Generally, estimates should not include purchases of equipment or services, or portions thereof, made: (1) prior to October 1, 1995, (2) to achieve regulatory compliance with requirements not associated with the information collection, (3) for reasons other than to provide information or keep records for the government, or (4) as part of customary and usual business or private practices.

1. Workplace Inspection Records (§56.18002(d) and §57.18002(d))

30 CFR 56.18002(d) and 57.18002(d) require that the operator provide miners’ representatives with a copy of the examination record on request. MSHA estimates that the number of times that a copy of the examination record will be requested is: 10 percent in mines with 1-19 employees; 50 percent in mines with 20-500 employees; and 100 percent in mines with 501+ employees.

On average, MSHA estimates that a copy of the examination record will be two pages and copy costs are $0.15 per page, for a total cost per record of $0.30. MSHA estimates that 727,300 responses will impose a cost of $218,190.

Table 13-1 Estimated Annual Respondent Recordkeeping Cost Burden

Mine Size	No. of Responses	Cost per Copy	Burden Cost
1 – 19 Employees	338,027	0.30	$101,408.00
20 – 500 Employees	366,278	0.30	$109,883.00
501+ Employees	22,995	0.30	$6,899.00
Total	727,300		$218,190

14. Provide estimates of annualized cost to the Federal government. Also, provide a description of the method used to estimate cost, which should include quantification of hours, operational expenses (such as equipment, overhead, printing, and support staff), and any other expense that would not have been incurred without this collection of information. Agencies also may aggregate cost estimates from Items 12, 13, and 14 in a single table.

Records are examined by Federal mine inspectors in the course of routine mine inspections. Therefore, these requirements do not result in additional cost to the Federal government.

15. Explain the reasons for any program changes or adjustments on the burden worksheet.

Respondents: The number of respondents decreased from 12,280 to 11,279 due to the decline of the number of metal and nonmetal mines.

Responses: The number of responses increased from 4,101,012 to 5,487,441 due to a change in the number of shifts worked by miners in mines with 1-19 employees.

Burden Hours: The number of burden hours increased from 881,962 to 1,236,293 due to an increase in the number of responses.

Recordkeeping Costs: The estimated annual cost increased from $215,299 to $218,190 due to change in the number of responses.

Table 15-1 Program Changes or Adjustments for OMB #1219-0089

	Previous	Current	Difference
Respondents	12,280	11,279	-1,001
Responses	4,101,012	5,487,441	1,386,429
Burden Hours	881,962	1,236,293	354,331
Respondents or Recordkeepers Costs	$215,299	$218,190	$2,891

16. For collections of information whose results will be published, outline plans for tabulation, and publication. Address any complex analytical techniques that will be used. Provide the time schedule for the entire project, including beginning and ending dates of the collection of information, completion of report, publication dates, and other actions.

MSHA does not intend to publish the results of this information collection.

17. If seeking approval to not display the expiration date for OMB approval of the information collection, explain the reasons that display would be inappropriate.

MSHA is not seeking approval to not display the expiration date for OMB approval of this information collection.

18. Explain each exception to the topics of the certification statement identified in “Certification for Paperwork Reduction Act Submissions.”

There are no certification exceptions identified with this information collection.

B. Collection of Information Employing Statistical Methods

This information collection does not employ statistical methods.

1 For all wage rates, MSHA uses the relevant precision throughout the calculation to avoid compound rounding errors and rounds at the final rate value. Displayed intermediate calculation values are presented to explain the calculation and are representative but the final rate value reflects the correct rounding and final estimate.

2 Options for obtaining OEWS data are available at item “E3. How to get OEWS data. What are the different ways to obtain OEWS estimates from this website?” at https://www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm.

3 The benefit multiplier comes from BLS Employer Costs for Employee Compensation accessed by menu at http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/srgate or directly with http://download.bls.gov/pub/time.series/cm/cm.data.0.Current. Insert the data series CMU2030000405000D and CMU2030000405000P, Private Industry Total benefits for Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations, which is divided by 100 to convert to a decimal value. MSHA used the latest 4-quarter moving average to determine what percent of total loaded wages are benefits. MSHA computes the benefit multiplier with a number of detailed calculations, but it may be approximated with the formula 1 + (benefit percentage/(1-benefit percentage)).

4 Wage inflation is the change in Series ID: CIS2020000405000I; Seasonally adjusted; Series Title: Wages and salaries for Private industry workers in Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations, Index. (https://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/srgate ; Inflation Multiplier = (Current Quarter Cost Index Value / OEWS Wage Base Quarter Index Value).