Appx A-1 - NSCAW Summary of Remote Interviews

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OPRE Study: National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being Second Cohort (NSCAW III): Data Collection [Longitudinal Study]

Appx A-1 - NSCAW Summary of Remote Interviews

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Appendix A-1: Summary of Interviews and Assessments







Introduction


The tables in this appendix list the sections or assessments that are included in each of the three NSCAW instruments.


The following describes the information included in each instrument table. For Wave 2 data collection, instruments may be administered in-person or remotely.



  • Interview Section: The two-letter abbreviation of the interview section.

  • Construct: The construct(s) the interview section is measuring.

  • Measure: The measure(s) or assessment(s) used in the interview section.

  • Type of Change from NSCAW II: How the NSCAW III section compares to the NSCAW II instrument.

  • Changes for Remote Administration: Indicates changes to be applied for remote administration. Specifically, if compared to in-person administration, the module had no changes, was omitted, or streamlined. If streamlined, the modifications made to the module are summarized.

  • Source: The origin of the interview section. If the section is new, the source citation is listed. If the section was included in the prior NSCAW, “NSCAW II” is listed.

  • Child Age (for Child Interview and Assessments only): The age(s) of the children who will be administered the interview section/assessment.

  • Waves: The data collection wave(s) that that the interview section/assessment is administered (i.e., Baseline, 18-Month Follow-up, or Both).

  • Information Gathered: A brief description of the information collected in the interview section/assessment.

  • Perm/Non-Perm (for Caregiver Interview only): The type of caregiver (Permanent or Non-Permanent) for which the section is administered.



Child Interview and Assessments



Interview

Section

Construct

Measure

Type of Change From NSCAW II

Changes for Remote Administration

Source

Child Age

Waves

Information Gathered

QY

N/A

Project-developed introduction script

No Change

Streamlined

Revised to obtain verbal consent and to ensure that interview is completed in a private setting

NSCAW II

All

Both1

N/A

CH

Child characteristics

Project-developed questions

New Version

Streamlined

Maintained the majority of child demographic data, but deleted some detailed information about child demographics.

Maintained the number of adults and children but deleted detailed questions about each household member.

Maintained only high-level questions about school attendance and education level, employment, living situation, child’s children, and contact with parents, but deleted details about citizenship and contact with extended family.


NSCAW II

All2

Both

The majority of the child’s demographic information, and height, weight, and head circumference for children < 4 has remained the same. One item regarding child’s sex as it appears on the original birth certificate was added. Additionally, for young adults and emancipated youth only, one item on gender identity was added.

KB

Developmental / Cognitive status

Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test, Second Edition (KBIT-2)

New Version

Omitted; cannot be administered remotely

Kaufman & Kaufman (2004); Pearson

>4

Only administered once, in the first wave the child participates

Standardized assessment tool measuring abilities through two scales: a Crystallized (Verbal) Scale containing verbal knowledge and riddles items & a Fluid (Nonverbal) Scale /Matrices subtest.). Not administered for Spanish-language interviews.

BD

Developmental / Cognitive status

Battelle Developmental Inventory (BDI) & Screening Test, Second Edition: Cognitive Skills

No Change

Omitted; cannot be administered remotely

NSCAW II

<4

Both

Cognitive skills; administered to age 4 and older if K-BIT score = 0

NI

Developmental / Cognitive status

Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener (BINS)

No Change

Omitted; cannot be administered remotely

NSCAW II

<2

Both

Basic brain function, ability to comprehend and express, and intellectual processes

CO

Communication skills

Preschool Language Scales, Fifth Edition (PLS-5)

New Version

Omitted; cannot be administered remotely

Zimmerman, Steiner, & Pond, (2011); Pearson

<6

Both

Standardized assessment tool comprised of two scales: expressive communication and auditory comprehension; total language score computed

WJ

Academic achievement

Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Achievement (WJ-III)

Children 11 and older:

  • Letter-Word Identification

  • Applied Problems

Children under age 11:

  • Letter-Word Identification

  • Applied Problems

  • Passage Comprehension

No Change

Omitted; cannot be administered remotely

NSCAW II

>5,

YA, EY3

Both

Standardized test of academic achievement; four subtests used: Letter-Word Comprehension, Passage Comprehension, Calculation, and Applied Problems. Not administered for Spanish-language interviews.

CN

Neighborhood factors

Adapted from APhiladelphia Family Management Study@ Parent Interview Schedule

No Change

Streamlined

Maintained one item on neighborhood safety

NSCAW II

YA, EY

Both

Characteristics of the neighborhood/community

SE

School engagement

Drug Free Schools (DFSCA) Outcome Study Questions

No Change

Omitted

NSCAW II

>6

Both

School achievement; student’s disposition toward learning and school; administered only to children in school (excludes home schooled situations)

RP

Peer relationships, including social rejection

Loneliness and Social Dissatisfaction Questionnaire for Young Children

Omitted

N/A

Asher, S. and Wheeler, V. (1985)

5-7

Both

Success in making and keeping friendships; school adjustment; administered only to children in school (excludes home schooled situations)

RR

Peer relationships, including social acceptance and bullying/victimization

Peer Affiliation and Social Acceptance (PASA); Gatehouse Bullying Scale

New Version

No Change

Dishion, Kim, Stormshak & O’Neill (2014); Bond, Wolfe, Tollit, Butler & Patton (2007)

>7

Both

Influence of friends’ behaviors, whether the child/adolescent is accepted or rejected by peers in school and in the neighborhood, and bullying/victimization experiences.

PF

Protective factors

Resiliency Scale - LongSCAN

Omitted

N/A

Runyan, Curtis, Hunter, Black, Kotch, Bangdiwala, Dubowitz, English, Everson, Landsverk (1997)

>11; YA, EY

Both

Resources that a child has that facilitate resiliency

PM

Behavioral Monitoring

Supervision-Child Scale from Fast Track Project

No Change

Streamlined

Maintained the parental monitoring questions predicting delinquency longitudinally.

NSCAW II

>10

Both

Extent to which the caregiver monitors the child’s activities

GR

Persistence and perseverance

Grit Scale

Added

No Change

Duckworth (2007)

>11; YA, EY

Both

Mental resilience and persistence in pursuing goals

SF

Global self-worth

Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES)

Added

No Change

Rosenberg (1989)

>11; YA, EY

Both

Positive or negative orientation toward self; overall evaluation of self-worth or value.

IP

Independent living

Project-developed questions; items from California Youth Transition to Adulthood (CalYOUTH study)

New Version

Streamlined

Maintained items that 20% or more of baseline respondents selected.

Maintained questions on basic resources needed for independent living (e.g., social security card, cell phone, access to the internet).

Courtney et al. (2014)

>14, YA, EY

Both

Life skills the youth may have developed and where he/she learned the skill

OH

Child in out-of-home care; Perceptions of Permanency, Disruptions, Contact with Family

University of California at Berkeley Foster Care Study; items from California Youth Transition to Adulthood (CalYOUTH study)

New Version

Streamlined

Maintained question about closeness to caregiver and overall satisfaction with foster care system, social workers, foster parents, and counselors or staff at the group homes.

Maintained questions asking if child knows birth mother and father.

Fox, Frasch, & Berrick (2000); Courtney et al. (2014)

>6

Both

Adjustment of children in out-of-home placement, including concerns about how well they fit in with their foster family and how permanent they view the placement

AO

Perceptions of Permanency, Disruptions, Contact with Family

University of California at Berkeley Foster Care Study

No Change

Omitted

NSCAW II

>6

Both

Adjustment of adopted and emancipated youth, including concerns about how well they fit in with their adoptive family (if applicable) and contact with biological family

SW

Satisfaction with Caseworker services

Project developed satisfaction questions; items from California Youth Transition to Adulthood (CalYOUTH study)

No Change

Streamlined

Maintained questions focused on the way youth perceive their relationship with their caseworker

Deleted items asking frequency and types of interactions between the child and caseworker.

NSCAW II

>11

Both

Degree of satisfaction with caseworker services

FE

Future expectations

Adapted from Expectations About Employment, Education, and Life Span Section from Adolescent Health Survey

No Change

Omitted

NSCAW II

>10

Both

Expectations related to children’s life experiences

SU

Social support and other family resources, including assistance with child-rearing

Adapted from Duke-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire.

No Change

No Change

NSCAW II

YA, EY

Both

Perceived social support

PE

Physical health

Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12); The National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs (SLAITS)

No Change

No Change

NSCAW II

YA, EY

Both

Physical health status and chronic health conditions

YH

Health and disabilities Services received by young adult

Child and Adolescent Services Assessment (CASA); Child Health Questionnaire from National Evaluation of Family Support Programs; Brief Global Health Inventory;)and project developed questions on services

No Change

Streamlined

Maintained questions about health, mental health, and special needs.

Maintained items that assess services selected by several respondents and highly used by NSCAW users

Deleted items asking about services selected by very few respondents.

Deleted follow-up items asking about detailed information on the frequency of service use.

Added response category for services not available due to COVID-19 pandemic.


NSCAW II

YA, EY

Both

History of health, injury, and disability status of young adult; services received by the young adult

CD

Mental health

Children’s Depression Inventory 2 (CDI-2)

New Version

Streamlined

Replaced full instrument with CDI short version.

Kovacs (2011),; MHS, Inc)

>7

Both

All aspects of well-being, including behavior problems. Not administered for Spanish-language interviews.

YD

Mental Health - Depression

Composite International Diagnostic Interview Short-Form (CIDI-SF) - module for depression Modified from National Comorbidity Survey (NCS)

Omitted

N/A

Kessler, Andrews, Mroczek, Ustun, & Wittchen ( 1998)Kessler (2000)

YA, EY

Both

Young Adult’s experiences that indicate symptoms of depression

TR

Mental health

Adapted from Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children - PTSD Section; Adapted from Trauma Symptom Checklist for Adults – Intrusive Experiences and Dissociation

No Change

No Change

NSCAW II

>8, YA, EY

Both

Indicators of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

YA

Participation in activities

Youth Self Report - Social Competence Scale

No Change

Omitted

NSCAW II

>11

Both

Involvement in activities which may promote social skills or cognitive development

YB

Behavior problems

Youth Self Report - Syndrome and Total Problems Scale; Adult Self Report - Syndrome and Total Problems Scale

No Change

No Change

NSCAW II

>11; YA, EY

Both

Magnitude of aggressive behavior and impulse control

ER

Employment History and Economic Well-being

Questions are project-developed and from the Three State Survey, the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY97) the Current Population Survey (CPS) and the Precarious Families Study

No Change

Streamlined

Maintained items on number of hours worked/week; benefits; use of support; homelessness.

Deleted items with details on multiple jobs and each type of job.

NSCAW II

YA, EY

Both

Formal and informal work history of the young adult

YI

Income

Project-developed questions. Economic Strain Questionnaire

New Version

Streamlined

Maintained items on total household income, dependents, and assistance programs.

Maintained questions about financial insecurity/economic strain.

Deleted detailed questions about the number of months SNAP, TANF etc. was received and the amounts.

Added two COVID-related items.

Conger and Elder (1994)

YA, EY

Both

Financial resources available to the young adult’s household

AC

N/A

Project-developed practice questions

No Change

Streamlined

ACASI section replaced with text transitioning respondent to the web survey.

NSCAW II

>11

Both

N/A

RC

Relationship with parents and other significant adults

Rochester Assessment Package for Schools (RAPS)

No Change

Omitted

NSCAW II

>11

Both

Degree of supportive relationships between child and adult

CL

Relationship with parents and other significant adults

National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, In-Home questionnaire

No Change

Streamlined

Maintained items about feeling close to primary and secondary caregivers.

NSCAW II

>11

Both

Degree of supportive relationships between child and adult

EV

Loss, violence and other stressors in and out of the home

Violence Exposure Scale (VEX-R) - Home Set

No Change

Omitted

NSCAW II

>8

Both

Violence observed and experienced in the home

SV

Services received

Project-developed questions

No Change

Streamlined

Maintained items on services that the youth would be uniquely positioned to report on.

Maintained “past 12 month” service use items for support groups, school-based counseling, family planning.

Deleted frequency and “type of service” specifier items except for highly used by NSCAW data users.

NSCAW II

>11

Both

Factors that affect the service provision process; includes items administered only at Wave 4 for emancipated youth

SA

Substance abuse

Global Appraisal of Individual Needs-Quick (GAIN-Q) Substance Related Issues module. Titus & Dennis, 2005).

New Version

No Change


Titus & Dennis, 2005)

>11; YA, EY

Both

Use of specific substances and problems associated with the use and abuse of and dependence on drugs and alcohol.

SX

Sexual behavior

Project developed questions

New Version

Streamlined

Maintained items on sexual activity, pregnancy, sexual orientation.

Deleted detailed items and highly sensitive items to support a minimal risk study designation by the IRB.

NSCAW II

>11; YA, EY

Both

Sexual behavior and activity; sexual orientation

DE

Delinquency

Modified Self Report of Delinquency; Denver Youth Survey

No Change

Streamlined

Combined the two items asking about each delinquent act into one item.

Deleted items asking about arrests.

NSCAW II

>11; YA, EY

Both

Participation in delinquent or criminal activities; includes items added at Wave 4 on reasons for recent arrests

PA

Deviant peer affiliation

Deviant Peer Affiliation Scale

Omitted

N/A

NSCAW II

>11

Both

Involvement with peers who engage in risky or deviant behaviors

VC

Victimization

Incidence and Prevalence of Drug Abuse Among Runaway and Homeless Youth Study – Shelter Sample Questionnaire; Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs)

New Version

Streamlined

Maintained 10 items representing ACEs items.

Research Triangle Institute (2002); Felitti et al. (1998)

YA

18-Month Follow-up

Victimization and other adverse events young adults may have experienced before the age of 18

HT

Coercion

Sources of Coercion

Added

No Change



Urban Institute/ASPE

>13, YA, EY

Both

Exposure to situations that may indicate coercion

IJ

Maltreatment

Injury Questions from Child Health and Illness Profile-Adolescent Edition

No Change

Omitted

NSCAW II

>11; YA, EY

Both

Nature and extent of injuries in the past 12 months

YL

Criminal Involvement of Parents

Project-developed questions

No Change

Streamlined

Maintained items on past year arrest and prison.

Deleted detailed follow-up questions.

NSCAW II

YA , EY

Both

Young adult criminal history and involvement with the criminal justice system

YM

Behavioral Monitoring and Discipline

Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale (CTSPC) with Neglect and Substance Abuse questions added

No Change

Streamlined

Maintained less sensitive subscales to support a minimal risk study designation by the IRB (i.e., Nonviolent discipline; Psychological Aggression; Minor Physical Assault; Child Neglect).

NSCAW II

YA , EY

Both

Methods and frequency of discipline measures used by the young adult on their own child during the last 12 months; administered only to young adults who report having children of own who currently live with them

YV

Domestic Violence in the Home

Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2) – Physical Assault Subscale

Omitted

N/A

Straus, M.A. (1990)

YA , EY

Both

Type and frequency of violence occurring in the home and directed toward female young adult in the last 12 months, and subsequent use of services

YD

Conflict in Dating Relationships

Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationships Inventory short-form (CADRI-S)

Added

No Change

Fernandez, Wekerle & Goldstein (2012)

YA

18-Month Follow-up

Extent of dating violence experienced and perpetrated by male and female young adults

CM

Maltreatment

Adaption of Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale

No Change

Streamlined

Maintained less sensitive subscales to support a minimal risk study designation by the IRB (i.e., Nonviolent discipline; Psychological Aggression; Minor Physical Assault).

NSCAW II

>11

Both

Additional maltreatment information in order to better understand the effects of the severity and specific type of abuse

AF

N/A

Project-developed script to close ACASI module

No Change

Omitted

NSCAW II

>11, YA, EY

Both

N/A

AU

N/A

Project-developed questions to collection contact information for the teacher survey

Omitted

N/A

N/A

EY

Both

Teacher contact information collected from emancipated youth, including school name, address, and phone number

LO

N/A

Project-developed questions to track respondent for future interview waves

No Change

Streamlined.

Reduced information requested for locating.

NSCAW II

16, YA, EY

Both

Locator information for emancipated youth and up to 3 contact persons

LK

N/A

Project-developed script requesting permission for researchers to link NSCAW data to data from other sources

No Change

Streamlined.

Revised to collect electronic consent within the web survey.

NSCAW II

>13, YA, EY

Both

N/A

VO

N/A

Project-developed script informing respondent of potential recontact for interview QC purposes

No Change

Streamlined.

Reduced verification call text.

Added closing text with incentive information and resources.

NSCAW II

YA, EY

Both

N/A

EF

Response inhibition, cognitive flexibility, and attention

Shape Go No-Go and Dimensional Change Card Sort tests

Added

Omitted

Psychology Software Tools, Inc., Pittsburgh, PA

NIH Toolbox

>5

Both

Computer-administered tests that assess the child’s executive function and self-regulation skills.

CC

N/A

Project-developed end-of-interview script

No Change

No Change

NSCAW II

All

Both

N/A


Caregiver Interview

Interview Section

Construct

Measure

Type of Change From NSCAW II

Changes for Remote Administration

Source

Perm/
Non-Perm4

Waves

Information Gathered

QP

N/A

Project-developed introduction script

No Change

Streamlined

Revised to obtain verbal consent and to ensure that interview is completed in a private setting.

NSCAW II

P/NP

Both

N/A

NP

N/A

Project-developed verification questions to drive instrument wording/flow

No Change

No Change

NSCAW II

P/NP

Both

Verification of respondent contact information, relationship to child, out-of-home placement status, and legal guardianship

HH

Family composition and demographics

Project-developed questions

No Change

Added 7 items on child’s school experience and changes related to COVID-19.

Deleted detailed questions on every household member.

Added 2 items to determine number of adults and number of children in the household.

Deleted questions with details about type of work, school enrollment and citizenship.

Deleted detailed information about child contact with parents.

Added 2 questions on child loss of a family member or caregiver due to COVID-19.

NSCAW II

P/NP

Both

Family composition and demographic information necessary for classification and description of subjects.

GH

Group home classification and composition

Project-developed questions

No Change

-Deleted detailed questions about siblings in the facility and about every child in the group home.

Deleted detailed information about child contact with parents.

NSCAW II

P/NP

Both

Composition of group home facility, including number of children in home and relationship to child, and demographics of group home caregiver

LE

Disruption in caregivers; housing changes and quality

Project-developed questions)

New Version

Added one item about the number of caregivers that child had lived with since the last interview.

Deleted items detailing every caregiver and placement since the last interview.

Deleted items detailing housing instability.

Maintained question about homelessness and reasons for homelessness.

Ippen, Ford, Racusin, Acker, Bosquet, Rogers, Ellis, Schiffman, Ribbe, Cone, Lukovitz, & Edwards (2002)

P/NP

Both

Variations/Changes of mother and father figures; housing moves and indicators of housing quality

CE

Neighborhood factors

Adapted from “Philadelphia Family Management Study” Parent Interview Schedule

No Change

Streamlined

Maintained one item on neighborhood safety.

NSCAW II

P/NP

Both

Characteristics of the neighborhood/community

HS


Health and disabilities Services received by child

Child and Adolescent Services Assessment (CASA);

Child Health Questionnaire from National Evaluation of Family Support Programs; Brief Global Health Inventory; and project developed questions on services

Questionnaire for Identifying Children with Chronic Conditions – Revised (QuICCC-R)

SLAITS The National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs II

Services Assessment for Children and Adolescents(SACA)

The National Early Intervention Longitudinal Study (NEILS)

National Comorbidity Survey (NCS)

National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)

National Survey of America’s Families (NSAF)

No Change

Streamlined

Maintained questions about child’s health, mental health, and special needs.

Maintained services items frequently selected by baseline respondents and of high interest to data users.

Deleted services items very infrequently selected by baseline respondents.

Deleted follow-up items asking about frequency of service use.

Added response category for services not available due to COVID-19 pandemic.

Deleted questions related to court hearings due to child’s misbehavior.

Maintained questions related to health insurance.


NSCAW II

P/NP

Both

History of health, injury, and disability status of child; services received by the child

LP

Child’s readiness to live on own

Project-developed questions

No Change

Streamlined

Maintained items on child having a job, and support from child welfare agency for independent living plan.

NSCAW II

P/NP

Both

Most recent caregiver’s perception of emancipated youth’s readiness to live independently

VI ages 0-2

VN ages 3-5

VE ages 6-12

VL ages 13-18

Adaptive Skills

Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale (VABS) Screener – Daily Living Skills and Socialization Skills

Omitted

N/A

Sparrow, Carter, & Cicchetti (1993)

P/NP

Both

Regular behaviors the child exhibits. A different set of items are administered depending on the age of the child.

SD

Social-emotional development for children between the ages of 12 and 18 months.

Brief Toddler Social Emotional Assessment (BITSEA)

No Change

Omitted

NSCAW II

P/NP

Both

Socio-emotional functioning

PS for Children 3-5

PT for Children 6-10

PU for Children 11+

Global Social Competence

Social Skills Rating System (SSRS) — Social Skills Scale

No Change

Omitted

NSCAW II

P/NP

Both

Level of development of social skills possessed by the child. A different set of items are administered depending on the age of the child.

TE

Emotional regulation / Temperament

How My Infant/Toddler/Child Usually Acts from National Longitudinal Survey of Youth

Infant Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ)

No Change

Omitted

NSCAW II

P/NP

Both

Child’s demonstration of ability to express emotions and cope with highly charged emotional situations

TC for Children 1.5 – 5

BC for Children 6-18

Behavior problems

Child Behavior Checklist

No Change

No Change

NSCAW II

P/NP

Both

Degree to which child exhibits different types of behaviors; The Behavior Problems Index (BPI) was administered at Wave 2 in place of the full checklist. A different set of items are administered depending on the age of the child.

IN

Income

Project-developed questions. Economic Strain Questionnaire.

New Version

Streamlined

Maintained items on total household income, dependents, and assistance programs.

Maintained questions about financial insecurity/economic strain.

Deleted detailed questions about the number of months SNAP, TANF etc. was received and the amounts.

Added two COVID-related items.

Conger & Elder (1994)

P/NP

Both

Financial resources available to the child’s household

SR

Services received by caregiver

Project-developed questions

No Change

Streamlined

Maintained high level “past 12 month” service use questions.

Maintained SR 108 item that triggers need for CW interview at follow-up.

Maintain one item on learning mechanism for parenting services.

Deleted “frequency” and “type of service” follow-up questions.

Added 5 items on virtual/telehealth services.

NSCAW II

P

Both

Frequency and duration that services were received

SS

Social Support and other family resources, including assistance with child-rearing

Adapted from Duke-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire.

No Change

No Change

NSCAW II

P

Both

Perceived social support for child and family

PH

Physical Health

Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12)

No Change

No Change

NSCAW II

P/NP

Both

Physical health status

FC

Services received by foster caregivers

Project-developed questions

No Change

Streamlined

Deleted detailed questions on caseworker returning calls, amount of foster care payments, and relationship with child.

NSCAW II

NP

Both

Frequency and duration that services were received

AP

Adoption possibilities for child

Project-developed questions Adapted items from This Is My Baby Interview

No Change

Streamlined

Deleted detailed questions on discussions with caseworker about adoption.

NSCAW II

NP

18-Month Follow-up

Adoption possibilities for child, including factors that encouraged or discouraged adoption decision

PP

Permanency planning possibilities for child

Project-developed questions

No Change

Streamlined

Deleted detailed questions on adoption process and amount of adoption subsidy.

NSCAW II

NP

18-Month Follow-up

Permanency planning options for child, including adoption, legal guardianship, and long-term foster care

AZ

N/A

Project-developed ACASI practice questions

No Change

Streamlined

ACASI section replaced with text transitioning respondent to the web survey.

NSCAW II

P

Both

N/A

DP

Mental Health - Depression

Composite International Diagnostic Interview Short-Form (CIDI-SF) - module for depression Modified from National Comorbidity Survey (NCS)

Omitted

No Change

Kessler, Andrews, Mroczek, Ustun, & Wittchen ( 1998)Kessler (2000)

P

Both

Caregiver experiences that indicate symptoms of depression

DP

Major Depressive Episode

Major Depressive Episode module from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health (NSDUH)

Added

No Change

National Survey of Drug Use and Health (NSDUH)

P

Both

Major or clinical depression. One of three measures used to calculate serious mental illness (SMI).

PD

Psychological Distress

Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6)

Added

No Change

Kessler et al. (2003)

P, NP

Both

Non-specific psychological distress. One of three measures used to calculate serious mental Illness (SMI).

HF

Functional Impairment

Adapted version of the World Health Organization Disability Schedule Assessment 2.0 (WHODAS II)

Added

No Change

World Health Organization (2004); National Survey of Drug Use and Health (NSDUH)

P, NP

Both

Functional impairment due to health conditions. One of three measures used to calculate serious mental illness (SMI).

AD

Mental Health - Substance Abuse

The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)

No Change

No Change

NSCAW II

P

Both

Caregiver experiences that indicate symptoms of alcohol dependence

DD

Mental Health - Substance Abuse

Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST)

No Change

No Change

NSCAW II

P

Both

Caregiver experiences that indicate symptoms of drug dependence

IL

Criminal Involvement of Parents

Project-developed questions

No Change

Streamlined

Maintained items on past year arrest and prison.

Deleted detailed follow-up questions.

NSCAW II

P

Both

Caregiver criminal history and involvement with the criminal justice system

DS

Behavioral Monitoring and Discipline

Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale (CTSPC) Neglect and Substance Abuse questions added

No Change

Streamlined

Maintained less sensitive subscales to support a minimal risk study designation by the IRB (i.e., Nonviolent discipline; Psychological Aggression; Minor Physical Assault; Child Neglect).

NSCAW II

P

Both

Methods and frequency of discipline measures used by the caregiver with the child during the last 12 months

DV

Domestic Violence in the Home

Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2) – Physical Assault Subscale

No Change

Streamlined

Replaced item on physical abuse with one item about been physically hurt in the past year by a partner.

Maintained items on services.

Straus, M.A. (1990)

P

Both

Type and frequency of violence occurring in the home and directed toward caregivers in the last 12 months, and subsequent use of services

SF

Satisfaction with Caseworker

Project-developed questions

No Change

Streamlined

Deleted detailed items about characteristics of contact with caseworkers.

NSCAW II

P

Both

Satisfaction level with services received from caseworker

HO

Emotional Nurturing, Cognitive/Verbal Responsiveness and Stimulation

HOME-Short Form (HOME-SF) developed by the National Longitudinal Study of Youth.

No Change

Omitted

NSCAW II

P/NP

Both

Scripted items about the child’s home environment

EE

Parental Affective Attitudes

Family Affective Rating Scale (FAARS) (5-mintue unscripted recorded speech sample)

Added

Omitted

Bullock & Dishion (2004)

P/NP

Both

Caregiver thoughts and feelings about the child and about their relationship with the child.

LF

N/A

Project-developed questions to track respondent for future interview waves

No Change

Streamlined.

Reduced information requested for locating.

NSCAW II

P/NP

Both

Locator information for caregiver and up to 3 contact persons

TA

N/A

Project-developed questions to collect contact information for teacher survey

Omitted

N/A

N/A

P/NP

Both

Teacher contact information, including school name, address, and phone number

LK

N/A

Project-developed script requesting permission for researchers to link NSCAW data to data from other sources

No Change

Streamlined.

Revised to collect electronic consent within the web survey.

NSCAW II

P/NP

Both

N/A

VF

N/A

Project-developed script informing respondent of potential recontact for interview quality control purposes

No Change

Streamlined.

Reduced verification call text. • Added closing text with incentive information and resources.

NSCAW II

P/NP

Both

N/A

IO

Emotional Nurturing, Cognitive/Verbal Responsiveness and Stimulation

HOME-Short Form (HOME-SF) developed by the National Longitudinal Study of Youth.

No Change

Omitted

NSCAW II

P/NP

Both

Field Representative observations of the child’s home environment

AT

Attachment

Toddler Attachment Sort – 45 Item (TAS-45)

Omitted

N/A

John Kirkland (1999)

P/NP

Both

Field Representative observations of the toddler-caregiver relationship


Caseworker Interview

Interview Section

Construct

Measure

Type of Change From NSCAW II

Source

Waves

Information Gathered

QC

N/A

Project-developed intro script

Streamlined

Revised to obtain verbal consent and to ensure that interview is completed in a private setting. 4

NSCAW II

Both

N/A

UF

N/A

Project-developed questions to drive instrument wording/flow and ensure data linkage

No Change

NSCAW II

Both

Caseworker name and employee ID (to link child interviews to caseworker interviews); employer, date of birth, and name and relationship of child’s current caregiver, child’s current setting and race/ethnicity, and, whether child entered the child welfare system via a maltreatment investigation or an alternate pathway

CI

Case Investigation

Project-developed questions

No Change

NSCAW II

Baseline

Circumstances surrounding the investigative report; safety plan characteristics, and background of the caseworker

JJ

Juvenile Justice

Project developed questions

Added

N/A

Baseline

Child’s involvement with the juvenile justice system.

AA

Nature of abuse

English, D. J. & the LONGSCAN Investigators (1997). Modified Maltreatment Classification System (MMCS). For

more information visit the LONGSCAN website at http://www.iprc.unc.edu/longscan/

As modified from the Maltreatment Classification System outlined in:

Barnett, D., Manly, J.T. and Cicchetti, D. (1993). Defining Child Maltreatment: The interface between policy and

research. In: D. Cicchetti and S.L. Toth (Eds.), Advances in Applied Developmental Psychology: Child Abuse, Child

Development and Social Policy. Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corp., Chapter 2, pp. 7-73.

No Change

NSCAW II

Baseline

Details about the specific nature of the alleged abuse or neglect and characteristics of the abuse/neglect found from the investigation/assessment.

RA

Risk Assessment

Project-developed questions based on questions from Michigan, New York, Washington, Illinois, Colorado risk assessment forms and checklists

No Change

NSCAW II

Baseline

Factors determining case decisions, including prior history of abuse or neglect, caregiver substance abuse, domestic violence in the home, caregiver mental health problems, poor parenting skills, excessive discipline, and so forth.

HR

Project-developed questions

N/A

No Change

NSCAW II

18-Month Follow-up

Child’s history with the child welfare system since the case report that resulted in the child’s selection for NSCAW

LN

Child’s placement history/parental living situations

Project-developed questions

No Change

NSCAW II

Both

History of child’s living situations since investigation, including type of living arrangement and child’s contact with biological parents

SP

Services to parents

Project-developed questions

No Change

NSCAW II

Both

Service needs, such as financial assistance, employment services, services for a drug or alcohol problem.

SC

Services to child

Project-developed questions

No Change

NSCAW II

Both

Services child may have received, such as developmental screenings, physical exams, special education classes, services for a drug or alcohol problem


4 Change was made for remote administration of this module to obtain informed consent via phone.

Caseworker Interview



Interview Section

Construct

Measure

Type of Change From NSCAW II

Source

Waves

Information Gathered

IM

Independent living skills

Project-developed questions

No Change

NSCAW II

18-Month Follow-up

Independent living skills the child may have developed and where each skill was learned

AM

Adoption possibilities for child

Project-developed questions

No Change

NSCAW II

18-Month Follow-up

Adoption possibilities for children in out-of-home care; also factors that encouraged or discouraged the caregiver’s decision about adoption

*This module is skipped if the child is a young adult or emancipated youth.

PO

Permanency planning possibilities for child

Project-developed questions

No Change

NSCAW II

18-Month Follow-up

Permanency planning possibilities for children in out-of-home care, including adoption, legal guardianship, and long-term foster care; also factors that encouraged or discouraged the caregiver’s permanency planning decision. PO module replaced the AM module from prior waves.

*This module is skipped if the child is a young adult or emancipated youth.

HB

Prior reports of abuse/neglect

Project-developed questions

No Change

NSCAW II

18-Month Follow-up

Child’s history with the child welfare system before the case report that resulted in the child’s selection for NSCAW.

CT

Involvement with juvenile justice/court system

Project-developed questions

No Change

NSCAW II

18-Month Follow-up

History of court hearings related to case, including hearing type, recommendations by the child welfare agency, outcome

IV

Caseworker involvement with child/family

Project-developed questions

No Change

NSCAW II

18-Month Follow-up

Caseworker’s individual involvement with case, including referrals made for family members, caseworker contact with siblings, number of contacts with service providers and family, and attitudes about service to family

CP

Family’s compliance and progress towards case plan

Project-developed questions

No Change

NSCAW II

18-Month Follow-up

Family’s progress with and adherence to case plan

CB

Caseworker demographic characteristics

Project-developed questions

No Change

NSCAW II

Both

Demographic information (age, sex, race/ethnicity) about caseworker, employment and educational history, and attitudinal questions about work

OC

Climate of agency

Organizational Social Context (OSC)

No Change

NSCAW II

18-Month Follow-up

Assesses culture, climate, and social context of agency.

CW

N/A

Project-developed script to end caseworker interview

No Change

NSCAW II

Both

N/A


1 “Both” indicates that the section is administered in both the Baseline and the 18-Month Follow-up.

2 Child household information was provided by caregivers for very young children.

3 YA” and “EY” stand for Young Adults and Emancipated Youth, respectively. By the 18-Month Follow-up, a subset of the sampled children will be Young Adults 18 years of age or older. For both the Baseline and 18-Month Follow-up, there is the possibility of youth who have legally emancipated from their parents.

4 Permanent caregivers (“P”) refer to birth and adoptive parents and kin caregivers. Non-permanent caregivers (“NP”) refer to foster parents and children living in group homes or other institutionalized settings.


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AuthorSmith, Keith R.
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