Farms and Land in Farms Summary

United States
Department of
Agriculture
National
Agricultural
Statistics
Service

Farms and Land in Farms
2022 Summary
February 2023

ISSN: 1995-2004

Contents
Farms and Land in Farms Highlights................................................................................................................................... 4
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size – United States: 2015-2022...................................................... 5
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size by Economic Sales Class – United States: 2021-2022.............. 5
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size – States and United States: 2021-2022 ..................................... 6
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size, $1,000-$9,999 – States and United States: 2021-2022 ............ 7
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size, $10,000-$99,999 – States and United States: 2021-2022 ........ 8
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size, $100,000-$249,999 – States and United States: 2021-2022..... 9
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size, $250,000-$499,999 – States and United States: 2021-2022... 10
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size, $500,000-$999,999 – States and United States: 2021-2022... 11
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size, $1,000,000 or more – States and United States: 2021-2022 .. 12
Statistical Methodology ..................................................................................................................................................... 13
Terms and Definitions ....................................................................................................................................................... 14
Farm Definition History .................................................................................................................................................... 15
Information Contacts ......................................................................................................................................................... 16

Farms and Land in Farms 2022 Summary (February 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

3

Farms and Land in Farms Highlights
The number of farms in the United States for 2022 is estimated at 2,002,700, down 9,350 farms from 2021. The number
of farms increased in all sales classes except the $1,000-$9,999 and $10,000-$99,999 sales classes. In 2022, 50.8 percent
of all farms had less than $10,000 in sales and 81.4 percent of all farms had less than $100,000 in sales. In 2022,
7.5 percent of all farms had sales of $500,000 or more.
Total land in farms, at 893,400,000 acres, decreased 1,900,000 acres from 2021. The biggest change for 2022 is that
producers in Sales Class $100,000 - $249,999 operated 1,620,000 fewer acres than in 2021. In 2022, 30.0 percent of all
farmland was operated by farms with less than $100,000 in sales, while 41.2 percent of all farmland was operated by
farms with sales of $500,000 or more.
The average farm size for 2022 is 446 acres, up from 445 acres the previous year. Average farm size increased in the
$1,000,000 or more sales class and decreased or remained unchanged in all other sales classes.

4

Farms and Land in Farms 2022 Summary (February 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size – United States: 2015-2022
Year

2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022

Number of farms

Land in farms

Average farm size

(number)

(1,000 acres)

(acres)

........................................
........................................
........................................
........................................
........................................
........................................
........................................
........................................

2,063,890
2,055,340
2,042,000
2,029,200
2,023,400
2,019,000
2,012,050
2,002,700

905,790
902,680
900,370
899,500
897,400
896,600
895,300
893,400

439
439
441
443
444
444
445
446

Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size by Economic Sales Class –
United States: 2021-2022
Percent of total
Economic sales class

Number of farms
2021

2022

(percent)

1

Average farm size

Land in farms
2021

(percent)

2022

(percent)

2021

(percent)

2022

(acres)

(acres)

$1,000 - $9,999 ....................
$10,000 - $99,999 ................
$100,000 - $249,999 ............
$250,000 - $499,999 ............
$500,000 - $999,999 ............
$1,000,000 or more ..............

50.9
30.5
6.7
4.4
3.5
3.9

50.8
30.6
6.7
4.4
3.6
3.9

9.3
20.8
14.7
14.3
15.4
25.5

9.2
20.8
14.5
14.3
15.5
25.7

81
304
973
1,448
1,942
2,920

80
304
961
1,441
1,933
2,927

Total 1 ....................................

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

445

446

Percent of total may not add to 100 due to rounding.

Farms and Land in Farms 2022 Summary (February 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

5

Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size – States and United States: 2021-2022
State

Number of farms

Land in farms

Average farm size

2021

2022

2021

2022

2021

2022

(number)

(number)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(acres)

(acres)

Alabama ..........................................
Alaska ..............................................
Arizona ............................................
Arkansas .........................................
California .........................................
Colorado ..........................................
Connecticut .....................................
Delaware .........................................
Florida ..............................................
Georgia ............................................

38,500
1,050
19,000
42,000
69,000
39,000
5,500
2,300
47,500
41,300

38,100
1,000
18,800
41,900
68,400
38,800
5,500
2,300
47,300
41,300

8,200
850
26,200
14,000
24,200
31,800
380
530
9,700
10,200

8,200
850
26,100
14,000
24,000
31,800
380
530
9,700
10,200

213
810
1,379
333
351
815
69
230
204
247

215
850
1,388
334
351
820
69
230
205
247

Hawaii ..............................................
Idaho ................................................
Illinois ...............................................
Indiana .............................................
Iowa .................................................
Kansas ............................................
Kentucky ..........................................
Louisiana .........................................
Maine ...............................................
Maryland ..........................................

7,300
24,600
70,900
55,100
84,900
58,600
74,100
27,400
7,600
12,400

7,300
24,400
70,700
54,800
84,900
57,700
73,500
27,400
7,600
12,400

1,100
11,500
27,000
14,800
30,500
45,700
12,900
8,000
1,300
2,000

1,100
11,500
27,000
14,800
30,500
45,700
12,900
8,000
1,300
2,000

151
467
381
269
359
780
174
292
171
161

151
471
382
270
359
792
176
292
171
161

Massachusetts ................................
Michigan ..........................................
Minnesota ........................................
Mississippi .......................................
Missouri ...........................................
Montana ..........................................
Nebraska .........................................
Nevada ............................................
New Hampshire ..............................
New Jersey .....................................

7,200
46,000
67,400
34,300
95,000
27,100
44,800
3,400
4,100
9,900

7,200
44,300
67,100
34,100
95,000
27,100
44,300
3,300
4,100
9,900

500
9,700
25,400
10,400
27,500
57,900
44,800
6,100
430
750

500
9,200
25,400
10,300
27,500
57,900
44,800
5,900
430
750

69
211
377
303
289
2,137
1,000
1,794
105
76

69
208
379
302
289
2,137
1,011
1,788
105
76

New Mexico .....................................
New York .........................................
North Carolina .................................
North Dakota ...................................
Ohio .................................................
Oklahoma ........................................
Oregon ............................................
Pennsylvania ...................................
Rhode Island ...................................
South Carolina ................................

24,700
33,400
45,100
26,000
76,900
77,200
37,100
52,700
1,100
24,600

24,100
33,400
45,000
25,900
76,500
77,200
36,900
52,700
1,100
24,600

40,000
6,900
8,300
39,300
13,500
34,400
15,700
7,300
60
4,800

40,000
6,900
8,300
39,200
13,100
34,400
15,700
7,300
60
4,800

1,619
207
184
1,512
176
446
423
139
55
195

1,660
207
184
1,514
171
446
425
139
55
195

South Dakota ..................................
Tennessee ......................................
Texas ...............................................
Utah .................................................
Vermont ...........................................
Virginia ............................................
Washington .....................................
West Virginia ...................................
Wisconsin ........................................
Wyoming .........................................

29,400
69,500
247,000
17,900
6,800
41,500
35,300
22,300
64,100
12,200

29,400
69,500
246,000
17,900
6,800
41,500
35,200
22,500
64,100
11,900

43,200
10,700
126,000
10,700
1,200
7,700
14,500
3,500
14,200
29,000

43,200
10,700
126,000
10,900
1,200
7,700
14,500
3,500
14,200
28,500

1,469
154
510
598
176
186
411
157
222
2,377

1,469
154
512
609
176
186
412
156
222
2,395

United States ..................................

2,012,050

2,002,700

895,300

893,400

445

446

6

Farms and Land in Farms 2022 Summary (February 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size by Economic Sales Class – States and
United States: 2021-2022
Economic sales class: $1,000-$9,999
State

Number of farms

Land in farms

2021

2022

2021

(number)

(number)

(1,000 acres)

Average farm size
2022

2021

(1,000 acres)

2022

(acres)

(acres)

Alabama ...........................................
Alaska ..............................................
Arizona .............................................
Arkansas ..........................................
California ..........................................
Colorado ..........................................
Connecticut ......................................
Delaware ..........................................
Florida ..............................................
Georgia ............................................

21,600
590
14,200
20,300
26,600
22,100
3,650
820
28,900
23,100

21,200
570
13,900
20,200
26,100
21,700
3,650
820
28,700
23,100

1,850
80
4,800
1,650
1,400
2,300
130
20
1,250
2,300

1,800
80
4,700
1,600
1,200
2,200
130
20
1,250
2,300

86
136
338
81
53
104
36
24
43
100

85
140
338
79
46
101
36
24
44
100

Hawaii ..............................................
Idaho ................................................
Illinois ...............................................
Indiana .............................................
Iowa ..................................................
Kansas .............................................
Kentucky ..........................................
Louisiana ..........................................
Maine ...............................................
Maryland ..........................................

4,250
13,200
27,500
25,200
25,000
21,300
43,200
15,300
4,800
6,700

4,250
13,100
27,300
24,900
25,100
21,000
43,200
15,200
4,800
6,700

70
650
1,200
1,000
900
2,000
2,900
1,050
390
260

70
650
1,200
900
900
2,100
2,900
1,000
390
260

16
49
44
40
36
94
67
69
81
39

16
50
44
36
36
100
67
66
81
39

Massachusetts .................................
Michigan ...........................................
Minnesota ........................................
Mississippi ........................................
Missouri ............................................
Montana ...........................................
Nebraska ..........................................
Nevada .............................................
New Hampshire ...............................
New Jersey ......................................

4,500
23,700
24,600
19,300
44,400
11,700
10,900
1,750
2,750
6,400

4,500
22,800
24,400
19,200
44,400
11,500
10,900
1,700
2,750
6,400

190
1,200
1,700
2,200
3,200
1,900
800
530
170
160

190
1,100
1,600
2,150
3,200
1,800
800
500
170
160

42
51
69
114
72
162
73
303
62
25

42
48
66
112
72
157
73
294
62
25

New Mexico .....................................
New York .........................................
North Carolina .................................
North Dakota ....................................
Ohio ..................................................
Oklahoma .........................................
Oregon .............................................
Pennsylvania ...................................
Rhode Island ....................................
South Carolina .................................

16,800
15,500
24,800
7,400
41,300
40,000
23,400
24,900
630
16,400

16,300
15,500
24,800
7,500
39,900
40,000
23,100
24,900
630
16,400

5,000
1,100
1,350
1,200
1,850
4,100
1,100
1,300
20
1,500

5,000
1,100
1,350
1,200
1,700
4,100
1,100
1,300
20
1,500

298
71
54
162
45
103
47
52
32
91

307
71
54
160
43
103
48
52
32
91

South Dakota ...................................
Tennessee .......................................
Texas ...............................................
Utah ..................................................
Vermont ...........................................
Virginia .............................................
Washington ......................................
West Virginia ....................................
Wisconsin .........................................
Wyoming ..........................................

7,000
43,100
156,000
11,000
3,750
23,200
21,500
16,100
28,200
5,800

6,700
42,900
155,000
10,900
3,750
23,300
21,400
16,300
28,000
5,500

900
2,600
14,800
600
280
1,600
800
1,500
1,800
1,250

800
2,600
14,800
700
280
1,650
800
1,500
1,800
1,150

129
60
95
55
75
69
37
93
64
216

119
61
95
64
75
71
37
92
64
209

United States ...................................

1,025,090

1,016,820

82,900

81,770

81

80

Farms and Land in Farms 2022 Summary (February 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

7

Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size by Economic Sales Class – States and
United States: 2021-2022
Economic sales class: $10,000-$99,999
State

Number of farms

Land in farms

2021

2022

2021

(number)

(number)

(1,000 acres)

Average farm size
2022

2021

(1,000 acres)

2022

(acres)

(acres)

Alabama ..........................................
Alaska ..............................................
Arizona ............................................
Arkansas .........................................
California .........................................
Colorado ..........................................
Connecticut .....................................
Delaware .........................................
Florida ..............................................
Georgia ............................................

12,500
360
3,450
14,300
22,600
11,000
1,400
510
13,600
11,400

12,500
340
3,550
14,200
22,400
11,200
1,400
510
13,600
11,400

3,200
450
5,200
3,600
4,300
6,900
100
50
2,150
2,600

3,200
450
5,300
3,550
4,200
7,000
100
50
2,150
2,600

256
1,250
1,507
252
190
627
71
98
158
228

256
1,324
1,493
250
188
625
71
98
158
228

Hawaii ..............................................
Idaho ................................................
Illinois ...............................................
Indiana .............................................
Iowa .................................................
Kansas ............................................
Kentucky ..........................................
Louisiana .........................................
Maine ...............................................
Maryland ..........................................

2,500
6,600
19,900
16,100
25,400
21,600
24,300
8,700
2,050
3,300

2,500
6,500
19,800
16,000
25,300
21,100
23,700
8,800
2,050
3,300

200
1,800
2,400
1,800
3,500
7,200
4,600
1,900
350
390

200
1,800
2,400
1,900
3,500
7,000
4,550
1,950
350
390

80
273
121
112
138
333
189
218
171
118

80
277
121
119
138
332
192
222
171
118

Massachusetts ................................
Michigan ..........................................
Minnesota ........................................
Mississippi .......................................
Missouri ...........................................
Montana ..........................................
Nebraska .........................................
Nevada ............................................
New Hampshire ..............................
New Jersey .....................................

1,950
13,900
20,300
10,600
37,200
8,000
14,100
980
1,100
2,350

1,950
13,100
20,300
10,500
37,200
8,200
13,600
960
1,100
2,350

160
1,600
3,400
3,000
8,500
10,200
4,900
520
170
170

160
1,400
3,500
3,000
8,500
10,300
4,700
510
170
170

82
115
167
283
228
1,275
348
531
155
72

82
107
172
286
228
1,256
346
531
155
72

New Mexico .....................................
New York .........................................
North Carolina .................................
North Dakota ...................................
Ohio .................................................
Oklahoma ........................................
Oregon ............................................
Pennsylvania ...................................
Rhode Island ...................................
South Carolina ................................

6,100
11,500
12,700
7,200
21,200
28,500
8,900
16,700
340
6,000

6,000
11,500
12,600
7,300
21,900
28,600
8,900
16,700
340
6,000

10,400
1,800
1,800
3,900
2,800
11,400
2,900
2,200
20
1,400

10,400
1,800
1,700
4,000
2,800
11,500
2,900
2,200
20
1,400

1,705
157
142
542
132
400
326
132
59
233

1,733
157
135
548
128
402
326
132
59
233

South Dakota ..................................
Tennessee ......................................
Texas ...............................................
Utah .................................................
Vermont ...........................................
Virginia ............................................
Washington .....................................
West Virginia ...................................
Wisconsin ........................................
Wyoming .........................................

9,400
21,900
73,200
4,900
1,950
13,900
8,200
5,400
20,200
3,800

9,400
21,900
73,200
5,000
1,950
13,800
8,200
5,400
20,100
3,800

4,600
3,800
39,000
1,900
310
2,800
1,700
1,400
2,900
4,150

4,500
3,800
39,000
1,900
310
2,750
1,700
1,400
2,900
3,950

489
174
533
388
159
201
207
259
144
1,092

479
174
533
380
159
199
207
259
144
1,039

United States ..................................

614,040

612,000

186,490

185,980

304

304

8

Farms and Land in Farms 2022 Summary (February 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size by Economic Sales Class – States and
United States: 2021-2022
Economic sales class: $100,000-$249,999
State

Number of farms
2021

Land in farms

2022

(number)

(number)

Average farm size

2021

2022

2021

2022

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(acres)

(acres)

Alabama ...........................................
Alaska ..............................................
Arizona .............................................
Arkansas ..........................................
California ..........................................
Colorado ..........................................
Connecticut ......................................
Delaware ..........................................
Florida ..............................................
Georgia ............................................

1,100
40
510
1,400
6,300
2,600
190
130
1,900
1,400

1,100
40
490
1,400
6,200
2,600
190
130
1,900
1,450

810
210
10,400
950
3,000
5,900
30
40
1,100
700

810
210
10,300
950
2,800
5,800
30
40
1,100
710

736
5,250
20,392
679
476
2,269
158
308
579
500

736
5,250
21,020
679
452
2,231
158
308
579
490

Hawaii ..............................................
Idaho ................................................
Illinois ...............................................
Indiana .............................................
Iowa ..................................................
Kansas .............................................
Kentucky ..........................................
Louisiana ..........................................
Maine ...............................................
Maryland ..........................................

270
1,700
8,000
5,300
10,900
6,300
3,000
970
320
720

270
1,700
8,000
5,400
10,800
6,100
3,000
970
320
720

130
1,700
2,700
1,600
3,500
6,500
1,200
790
100
210

130
1,700
2,700
1,500
3,400
6,300
1,150
790
100
210

481
1,000
338
302
321
1,032
400
814
313
292

481
1,000
338
278
315
1,033
383
814
313
292

Massachusetts .................................
Michigan ...........................................
Minnesota ........................................
Mississippi ........................................
Missouri ............................................
Montana ...........................................
Nebraska ..........................................
Nevada .............................................
New Hampshire ...............................
New Jersey ......................................

340
3,150
7,700
960
5,800
3,150
6,300
220
(D)
450

340
3,150
7,600
940
5,800
3,150
6,200
200
(D)
450

40
1,250
2,900
630
3,500
10,200
5,900
900
(D)
110

40
1,200
2,900
610
3,500
10,100
5,600
840
(D)
110

118
397
377
656
603
3,238
937
4,091
(D)
244

118
381
382
649
603
3,206
903
4,200
(D)
244

New Mexico .....................................
New York .........................................
North Carolina .................................
North Dakota ....................................
Ohio ..................................................
Oklahoma .........................................
Oregon .............................................
Pennsylvania ...................................
Rhode Island ....................................
South Carolina .................................

810
2,850
1,700
3,200
6,500
4,350
1,800
5,000
(D)
630

810
2,850
1,700
3,100
6,700
4,300
1,900
5,000
(D)
630

6,100
880
650
4,700
1,950
6,500
2,400
1,100
(D)
300

6,100
880
650
4,500
1,900
6,600
2,400
1,100
(D)
300

7,531
309
382
1,469
300
1,494
1,333
220
(D)
476

7,531
309
382
1,452
284
1,535
1,263
220
(D)
476

South Dakota ...................................
Tennessee .......................................
Texas ...............................................
Utah ..................................................
Vermont ...........................................
Virginia .............................................
Washington ......................................
West Virginia ....................................
Wisconsin .........................................
Wyoming ..........................................

4,400
1,800
7,400
890
470
1,700
1,800
370
6,900
1,200

4,600
1,900
7,400
890
470
1,700
1,800
370
7,000
1,200

6,900
850
19,200
1,300
140
950
2,900
270
2,000
5,300

6,900
850
19,200
1,300
140
950
2,800
270
2,000
5,300

1,568
472
2,595
1,461
298
559
1,611
730
290
4,417

1,500
447
2,595
1,461
298
559
1,556
730
286
4,417

Other States 1 ..................................

190

190

40

40

(X)

(X)

United States ...................................

135,080

135,120

131,430

129,810

973

961

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Includes data withheld above.

Farms and Land in Farms 2022 Summary (February 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

9

Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size by Economic Sales Class – States and
United States: 2021-2022
Economic sales class: $250,000-$499,999
State

Number of farms
2021

Land in farms

2022

(number)

2021

(number)

Average farm size
2022

(1,000 acres)

2021

(1,000 acres)

2022

(acres)

(acres)

Alabama ..........................................
Alaska ..............................................
Arizona ............................................
Arkansas .........................................
California .........................................
Colorado ..........................................
Connecticut .....................................
Delaware .........................................
Florida ..............................................
Georgia ............................................

650
(D)
200
1,100
3,800
1,500
110
110
1,000
1,100

650
(D)
190
1,150
4,000
1,500
110
110
1,000
1,050

580
(D)
1,600
800
2,200
5,800
20
50
850
700

580
(D)
1,600
850
2,400
5,800
20
50
850
690

892
(D)
8,000
727
579
3,867
182
455
850
636

892
(D)
8,421
739
600
3,867
182
455
850
657

Hawaii ..............................................
Idaho ................................................
Illinois ...............................................
Indiana .............................................
Iowa .................................................
Kansas ............................................
Kentucky ..........................................
Louisiana .........................................
Maine ...............................................
Maryland ..........................................

120
1,200
6,000
3,250
9,100
4,050
1,450
590
180
490

120
1,200
6,000
3,150
9,000
4,000
1,400
550
180
490

170
1,500
4,000
2,000
5,400
7,400
910
610
100
230

170
1,500
4,000
2,100
5,300
7,400
860
560
100
230

1,417
1,250
667
615
593
1,827
628
1,034
556
469

1,417
1,250
667
667
589
1,850
614
1,018
556
469

Massachusetts ................................
Michigan ..........................................
Minnesota ........................................
Mississippi .......................................
Missouri ...........................................
Montana ..........................................
Nebraska .........................................
Nevada ............................................
New Hampshire ..............................
New Jersey .....................................

(D)
2,150
5,900
580
2,950
2,300
5,200
200
70
280

(D)
2,150
5,900
610
2,950
2,300
5,200
200
70
280

(D)
1,300
4,000
590
2,900
13,400
8,100
940
30
80

(D)
1,200
3,900
590
2,900
13,400
7,900
940
30
80

(D)
605
678
1,017
983
5,826
1,558
4,700
429
286

(D)
558
661
967
983
5,826
1,519
4,700
429
286

New Mexico .....................................
New York .........................................
North Carolina .................................
North Dakota ...................................
Ohio .................................................
Oklahoma ........................................
Oregon ............................................
Pennsylvania ...................................
Rhode Island ...................................
South Carolina ................................

390
1,700
1,250
3,000
3,000
2,150
1,150
3,100
(D)
280

390
1,700
1,250
2,900
3,200
2,100
1,150
3,100
(D)
280

6,300
780
700
6,600
1,600
4,600
2,800
980
(D)
230

6,300
780
700
6,500
1,500
4,500
2,800
980
(D)
230

16,154
459
560
2,200
533
2,140
2,435
316
(D)
821

16,154
459
560
2,241
469
2,143
2,435
316
(D)
821

South Dakota ..................................
Tennessee ......................................
Texas ...............................................
Utah .................................................
Vermont ...........................................
Virginia ............................................
Washington .....................................
West Virginia ...................................
Wisconsin ........................................
Wyoming .........................................

3,700
1,000
3,650
510
320
1,000
1,250
130
4,300
810

3,700
1,100
3,650
510
320
960
1,250
130
4,400
810

8,700
660
14,800
2,000
130
680
2,200
110
2,000
6,000

8,700
660
14,800
2,000
130
670
2,300
110
2,000
6,000

2,351
660
4,055
3,922
406
680
1,760
846
465
7,407

2,351
600
4,055
3,922
406
698
1,840
846
455
7,407

Other States 1 ..................................

250

250

130

130

(X)

(X)

United States ..................................

88,570

88,660

128,260

127,790

1,448

1,441

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Includes data withheld above.

10

Farms and Land in Farms 2022 Summary (February 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size by Economic Sales Class – States and
United States: 2021-2022
Economic sales class: $500,000-$999,999
State

Number of farms
2021

Land in farms

2022

(number)

2021

(number)

Average farm size
2022

(1,000 acres)

2021

(1,000 acres)

2022

(acres)

(acres)

Alabama ...........................................
Alaska ..............................................
Arizona .............................................
Arkansas ..........................................
California ..........................................
Colorado ..........................................
Connecticut ......................................
Delaware ..........................................
Florida ..............................................
Georgia ............................................

1,100
30
220
1,500
3,400
930
70
260
900
1,850

1,100
20
230
1,550
3,300
930
70
260
900
1,850

660
20
1,000
1,300
2,300
4,600
20
110
650
1,500

660
20
1,000
1,350
2,200
4,700
20
110
650
1,500

600
667
4,545
867
676
4,946
286
423
722
811

600
1,000
4,348
871
667
5,054
286
423
722
811

Hawaii ..............................................
Idaho ................................................
Illinois ...............................................
Indiana .............................................
Iowa ..................................................
Kansas .............................................
Kentucky ..........................................
Louisiana ..........................................
Maine ...............................................
Maryland ..........................................

70
800
5,100
2,450
8,000
2,800
950
740
110
520

70
800
5,200
2,550
8,100
2,900
1,000
730
110
520

210
1,750
6,000
2,700
7,900
9,100
890
1,050
70
330

210
1,750
6,000
2,700
7,800
9,200
940
1,050
70
330

3,000
2,188
1,176
1,102
988
3,250
937
1,419
636
635

3,000
2,188
1,154
1,059
963
3,172
940
1,438
636
635

Massachusetts .................................
Michigan ...........................................
Minnesota ........................................
Mississippi ........................................
Missouri ............................................
Montana ...........................................
Nebraska ..........................................
Nevada .............................................
New Hampshire ...............................
New Jersey ......................................

140
1,450
4,800
910
2,400
1,250
4,200
100
30
200

140
1,400
4,800
900
2,400
1,350
4,200
100
30
200

30
1,400
5,200
980
3,700
12,100
9,000
660
10
90

30
1,400
5,200
950
3,700
12,200
9,300
660
10
90

214
966
1,083
1,077
1,542
9,680
2,143
6,600
333
450

214
1,000
1,083
1,056
1,542
9,037
2,214
6,600
333
450

New Mexico .....................................
New York .........................................
North Carolina .................................
North Dakota ....................................
Ohio ..................................................
Oklahoma .........................................
Oregon .............................................
Pennsylvania ...................................
Rhode Island ....................................
South Carolina .................................

260
930
1,450
2,700
2,650
1,150
870
1,650
20
380

260
930
1,450
2,700
2,550
1,150
870
1,650
20
380

6,100
640
900
8,900
2,300
3,600
2,800
750
10
400

6,100
640
900
8,900
2,100
3,600
2,800
750
10
400

23,462
688
621
3,296
868
3,130
3,218
455
500
1,053

23,462
688
621
3,296
824
3,130
3,218
455
500
1,053

South Dakota ...................................
Tennessee .......................................
Texas ...............................................
Utah ..................................................
Vermont ...........................................
Virginia .............................................
Washington ......................................
West Virginia ....................................
Wisconsin .........................................
Wyoming ..........................................

2,650
820
3,100
320
140
820
1,100
150
2,400
380

2,700
830
3,100
320
140
840
1,100
150
2,500
380

8,900
890
14,700
1,000
80
670
2,300
110
1,900
6,000

9,000
890
14,700
1,000
80
680
2,300
110
1,900
6,000

3,358
1,085
4,742
3,125
571
817
2,091
733
792
15,789

3,333
1,072
4,742
3,125
571
810
2,091
733
760
15,789

United States ...................................

71,220

71,730

138,280

138,660

1,942

1,933

Farms and Land in Farms 2022 Summary (February 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

11

Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size by Economic Sales Class – States and
United States: 2021-2022
Economic sales class: $1,000,000 or more
State

Number of farms
2021

Land in farms

2022

(number)

(number)

Average farm size

2021

2022

2021

2022

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(acres)

(acres)

Alabama ..........................................
Alaska ..............................................
Arizona ............................................
Arkansas .........................................
California .........................................
Colorado ..........................................
Connecticut .....................................
Delaware .........................................
Florida ..............................................
Georgia ............................................

1,550
(D)
420
3,400
6,300
870
80
470
1,200
2,450

1,550
(D)
440
3,400
6,400
870
80
470
1,200
2,450

1,100
(D)
3,200
5,700
11,000
6,300
80
260
3,700
2,400

1,150
(D)
3,200
5,700
11,200
6,300
80
260
3,700
2,400

710
(D)
7,619
1,676
1,746
7,241
1,000
553
3,083
980

742
(D)
7,273
1,676
1,750
7,241
1,000
553
3,083
980

Hawaii ..............................................
Idaho ................................................
Illinois ...............................................
Indiana .............................................
Iowa .................................................
Kansas ............................................
Kentucky ..........................................
Louisiana .........................................
Maine ...............................................
Maryland ..........................................

90
1,100
4,400
2,800
6,500
2,550
1,200
1,100
140
670

90
1,100
4,400
2,800
6,600
2,600
1,200
1,150
140
670

320
4,100
10,700
5,700
9,300
13,500
2,400
2,600
290
580

320
4,100
10,700
5,700
9,600
13,700
2,500
2,650
290
580

3,556
3,727
2,432
2,036
1,431
5,294
2,000
2,364
2,071
866

3,556
3,727
2,432
2,036
1,455
5,269
2,083
2,304
2,071
866

Massachusetts ................................
Michigan ..........................................
Minnesota ........................................
Mississippi .......................................
Missouri ...........................................
Montana ..........................................
Nebraska .........................................
Nevada ............................................
New Hampshire ..............................
New Jersey .....................................

(D)
1,650
4,100
1,950
2,250
700
4,100
150
(D)
220

(D)
1,700
4,100
1,950
2,250
600
4,200
140
(D)
220

(D)
2,950
8,200
3,000
5,700
10,100
16,100
2,550
(D)
140

(D)
2,900
8,300
3,000
5,700
10,100
16,500
2,450
(D)
140

(D)
1,788
2,000
1,538
2,533
14,429
3,927
17,000
(D)
636

(D)
1,706
2,024
1,538
2,533
16,833
3,929
17,500
(D)
636

New Mexico .....................................
New York .........................................
North Carolina .................................
North Dakota ...................................
Ohio .................................................
Oklahoma ........................................
Oregon ............................................
Pennsylvania ...................................
Rhode Island ...................................
South Carolina ................................

340
920
3,200
2,500
2,250
1,050
980
1,350
(D)
910

340
920
3,200
2,400
2,250
1,050
980
1,350
(D)
910

6,100
1,700
2,900
14,000
3,000
4,200
3,700
970
(D)
970

6,100
1,700
3,000
14,100
3,100
4,100
3,700
970
(D)
970

17,941
1,848
906
5,600
1,333
4,000
3,776
719
(D)
1,066

17,941
1,848
938
5,875
1,378
3,905
3,776
719
(D)
1,066

South Dakota ..................................
Tennessee ......................................
Texas ...............................................
Utah .................................................
Vermont ...........................................
Virginia ............................................
Washington .....................................
West Virginia ...................................
Wisconsin ........................................
Wyoming .........................................

2,250
880
3,650
280
170
880
1,450
150
2,100
210

2,300
870
3,650
280
170
900
1,450
150
2,100
210

13,200
1,900
23,500
3,900
260
1,000
4,600
110
3,600
6,300

13,300
1,900
23,500
4,000
260
1,000
4,600
110
3,600
6,100

5,867
2,159
6,438
13,929
1,529
1,136
3,172
733
1,714
30,000

5,783
2,184
6,438
14,286
1,529
1,111
3,172
733
1,714
29,048

Other States 1 ..................................

120

120

60

60

(X)

(X)

United States ..................................

78,050

78,370

227,940

229,390

2,920

2,927

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Includes data withheld above.

12

Farms and Land in Farms 2022 Summary (February 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Statistical Methodology
Procedures: Data are collected by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) during the June Agricultural
Survey using sampling procedures to ensure every farm and ranch has a chance of being selected. NASS used a multiple
sampling frame approach to count farms and measure land in farms. An Area Sampling Frame that divided all land into
segments is built for every state except Alaska. A sample of segments was selected in each state except Alaska and
Hawaii and enumerated in early June. Highly trained interviewers located each sampled segment and identified every
farm and ranch operating land in the segment and the number of acres in each operation.
These data are used to compute summaries of farm numbers and acres of land in farms. Additionally, all farms found in
the segments were checked against a list of farms and ranches maintained by NASS to determine if the farm is on the list.
Operations found in the Area Frame sample that were not on the list provided a measure of incompleteness of the list. The
summarized totals for these non-overlap (or not-on-list) operations were combined with summarized totals collected from
a sample selected from the list to calculate additional indications of farms and land in farms.
In 2020, NASS implemented a statistical modeling approach to generate survey indications. This approach was in
response to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on data collection processes and the suspension of in-person data
collection. NASS has been doing everything possible to keep all parties involved safe and slow the spread of the virus
while continuing to produce critical data about American agriculture.
Estimation Procedures: Data are checked for reasonableness and consistency and summarized for each state. Field
Offices perform a thorough review of their survey results and historical data relationships and recommend official
estimates. Estimates were established under secure conditions to protect reports until they were publicly released at
preannounced dates and times. Headquarters established national estimates and ensured that state estimates are in balance
with the national numbers.
Revision Policy: Estimates are subject to revision the following year and following review of the five-year Census of
Agriculture. The basis for revision must be supported by additional data which directly affect the level of the estimate.
Reliability: Two types of survey errors, sampling and non-sampling, are possible in the final estimates, and both can
affect the quality of the estimates.
Sampling error occurs because a complete census is not taken. The sampling error measures the variation in estimates
from the average of all possible samples. An estimate of 100 with a sampling error of 1 would mean that chances are 19
out of 20 that the estimates from all possible samples averaged together would be between 98 and 102; which is the
survey estimate, plus or minus two times the sampling error. The sampling error expressed as a percent of the estimate is
called the coefficient of variation. In 2022, the coefficient of variation for the United States number of farms was 1.9
percent and land in farms 1.7 percent. The coefficients of variation by economic sales class ranged from 3.0 percent to 3.6
percent for number of farms and 4.1 to 6.0 percent for land in farms at the United States level.
Non-sampling errors can occur in complete censuses as well as sample surveys. They are caused by the inability to obtain
correct information from each person surveyed, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, and mistakes in coding
or processing the data. Special efforts are taken at each step of the survey to minimize non-sampling errors.

Farms and Land in Farms 2022 Summary (February 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

13

Terms and Definitions
A farm is “any place from which $1,000 or more of agricultural products were produced and sold, or normally would
have been sold, during the year.” Government payments are included in sales. Ranches, institutional farms, experimental
and research farms, and Indian Reservations are included as farms. Places with the entire acreage enrolled in the
Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), Wetlands Reserve Program (WRP), and other government conservation programs
are counted as farms.
The definition of a farm was first established in 1850 and has changed nine times since. The current definition was first
used for the 1974 Census.
Land in farms consists of agricultural land used for crops, pasture, or grazing. Also included is woodland and wasteland
not actually under cultivation or used for pasture or grazing, provided it was part of the farm operator’s total operation.
Land in farms includes acres in CRP, WRP, and other government conservation programs.
Land in farms includes land owned and operated as well as land rented from others. Land used rent-free is included as
land rented from others. All grazing land, except land used under government permits on a per-head basis, is included as
land in farms provided it was part of a farm or ranch. Land under the exclusive use of a grazing association is reported by
the grazing association and included as land in farms. All land in American Indian reservations used for growing crops or
grazing livestock is included as land in farms. Land in reservations not reported by individual American Indians or non Native Americans is reported in the name of the cooperative group that used the land. In many instances, the entire
American Indian reservation is reported as one farm.
Economic sales classes are based on the gross value of agricultural products sold. Government program payments are
also included.
Point Farms are places that did not have $1,000 of reported sales for the year, but had sufficient crops and livestock to
normally have sales of $1,000 or more.

14

Farms and Land in Farms 2022 Summary (February 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Farm Definition History
The definition of a farm has remained the same since 1974. Activities included as agriculture, however, have undergone
modification in recent years. Beginning in 1995, operations having 5 or more horses or ponies and no other agricultural
sales were counted as horse farms. An operation with 1 or more horses with agricultural sales of at least $1,000, qualified
as a farm. Two industries, maple syrup and short rotation woody crop farms, were added beginning in 1997 as a result of
the new North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). These changes were made to achieve comparability
with the Census of Agriculture farm definition. All the changes in the farm definition beginning in 1995 were carried back
to 1993 and included in the 1993-1998 estimates. These changes bring comparability between the Census of Agriculture
data and the annually published NASS estimates. Because of these changes in the farm definition, the official estimates
show a level difference in the number of farms between 1992 and 1993 in some states. To further align the counting of
farms with the Census of Agriculture, places with 100 acres or more of pasture only in 2002 were included in farm and
land in farm numbers. The handling of Indian reservation land was changed in 2002 to provide some accounting for
individual farms.
Minimum Criteria for “FARM” Definition, 1840 – Present and Enumeration of Apiaries and Fur Farms
Year

Acres in
Place

Value of
Agricultural
Products
(Produced)

Value of Sales of
Agricultural
Products

Required
some
Agricultural
Operations

Apiaries and
Fur Farms
Enumerated

1974 - Present

--

--

$1,000 or more

--

--

1959

Less than 10
10 or more

---

$250 or more
$50 or more

---

---

1954

Less than 3
3 or more

-$150 or more

$150 or more
--

---

---

1950

Less than 3
3 or more

-$150 or more

$150 or more
--

---

Apiaries
Fur Farms

1935 - 1945

Less than 3
3 or more

$250 or more
--

---

-X

Apiaries
Fur Farms

1930

Less than 3
3 or more

$250 or more
--

---

-X

Apiaries
--

1925

Less than 3
3 or more

$250 or more
--

---

-X

---

1910 - 1925

Less than 3
3 or more

$250 or more
--

---

-X

Apiaries
--

1900

Less than 3
3 or more

---

---

-X

Apiaries
--

1870 - 1890

Less than 3
3 or more

---

$500 or more
--

-X

Apiaries
--

1860

--

--

--

--

--

1850

--

$100 or more

--

--

Apiaries

1840

--

--

--

--

--

Historic Estimates: Final estimates of Farms and Land in Farms in earlier years are available in Statistical Bulletins No.
1049 for 2013-2017, No. 1030 for 2008-2012, No. 1018 for 2003-2007, No. 991 for 1998-2002, No. 955 for 1993-97, No.
895 for 1988-92, No. 792 for 1979-87, SpSy3 for 1975-80, No. 594 for 1969-75, No. 507 for 1959-70, No. 316 for
number of farm estimates for 1910-59 and land in farms estimates for 1950-59.

Farms and Land in Farms 2022 Summary (February 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

15

Information Contacts
Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch of the National
Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to [email protected].
Tony Dorn, Chief, Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch .................................................. (202) 720-6146
Bruce Boess, Head, Economics Section ........................................................................................................ (202) 720-4447
Stephanie Brennan – Farm Production Expenditures .............................................................................. (202) 690-0392
Doug Farmer – Chemical Use, Land Values........................................................................................... (202) 690-3229
Zoe Johnson – Cash Receipts, Farm Production Expenditures ............................................................... (202) 720-5446
Michael Mathison – Cash Rents, Farms, Land in Farms, Grazing Fees .................................................. (202) 720-3243
Ralph Mondesir – Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes ...................................... (202) 221-9297
Max Reason – Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes ........................................... (202) 720-8844
Theresa Varner – Farm Labor ................................................................................................................ (202) 690-3231

16

Farms and Land in Farms 2022 Summary (February 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

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