Acreage - Publication

Acreage
ISSN: 1949-1522
Released June 30, 2023, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).

Special Note
Estimates of the portion of the United States corn and soybean planted acreage that was left to be planted when
the survey was conducted are published on page 6. These estimates are based on data provided by respondents
who were contacted between May 30 and June 15. Nationally, corn left to be planted was 2.49 million acres.
Soybeans left to be planted for the United States was 8.22 million acres.

Corn Planted Acreage Up 6 Percent from 2022
Soybean Acreage Down 5 Percent
All Wheat Acreage Up 9 Percent
All Cotton Acreage Down 19 Percent
Corn planted area for all purposes in 2023 is estimated at 94.1 million acres, up 6 percent or 5.52 million acres from last
year. This represents the third highest planted acreage in the United States since 1944. Compared with last year, planted
acreage is expected to be up or unchanged in 43 of the 48 estimating States. Area harvested for grain, at
86.3 million acres, is up 9 percent from last year.
Soybean planted area for 2023 is estimated at 83.5 million acres, down 5 percent from last year. Compared with last year,
planted acreage is down or unchanged in 21 of the 29 estimating States.
All wheat planted area for 2023 is estimated at 49.6 million acres, up 9 percent from 2022. The 2023 winter wheat
planted area, at 37.0 million acres, is up 11 percent from last year but down 1 percent from the previous estimate. Of this
total, about 25.7 million acres are Hard Red Winter, 7.66 million acres are Soft Red Winter, and 3.68 million acres are
White Winter. Area expected to be planted to other spring wheat for 2023 is estimated at 11.1 million acres, up 3 percent
from 2022. Of this total, about 10.5 million acres are Hard Red Spring wheat. Durum planted area for 2023 is expected to
total 1.48 million acres, down 9 percent from the previous year.
All cotton planted area for 2023 is estimated at 11.1 million acres, down 19 percent from last year. Upland area is
estimated at 11.0 million acres, down 19 percent from 2022. American Pima area is estimated at 109,000 acres, down
40 percent from 2022.

This report was approved on June 30, 2023.

Secretary of Agriculture
Designate
Gloria M. Greene

2

Agricultural Statistics Board
Chairperson
Joseph L. Parsons

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Contents
Principal Crops Area Planted – States and United States: 2021-2023 .................................................................................... 5
Corn and Soybean Area Left to be Planted – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 ........................................................ 6
Corn Area Planted for All Purposes and Harvested for Grain – States and United States: 2022 and 2023............................ 7
Sorghum Area Planted for All Purposes and Harvested for Grain – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 ..................... 8
Oat Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 ......................................................................... 9
Barley Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 .................................................................. 10
All Wheat Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 ............................................................ 11
Winter Wheat Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 ...................................................... 12
Durum Wheat Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 ...................................................... 13
Other Spring Wheat Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 ............................................ 13
Rye Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 ...................................................................... 13
Rice Area Planted and Harvested by Class – States and United States: 2022 and 2023....................................................... 14
Proso Millet Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 ......................................................... 14
Hay Area Harvested by Type – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 ........................................................................... 15
Soybean Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 ............................................................... 16
Percent of Soybean Acreage Planted Following Another Harvested Crop – Selected States and
United States: 2019-2023 ...................................................................................................................................................... 17
Peanut Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023.................................................................. 17
Sunflower Area Planted and Harvested by Type – States and United States: 2022 and 2023.............................................. 18
Canola Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 ................................................................. 19
Flaxseed Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 .............................................................. 19
Other Oilseeds Area Planted and Harvested – United States: 2022 and 2023 ...................................................................... 19
Safflower Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 ............................................................. 20
Cotton Area Planted and Harvested by Type – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 ................................................... 21
Sugarbeet Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023............................................................. 22
Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed Area Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 ................................................ 22
Tobacco Area Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 .................................................................................. 22
Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

3

Tobacco Area Harvested by Class and Type – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 .................................................... 23
Dry Edible Bean Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 .................................................. 24
Chickpea Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 .............................................................. 25
Lentil Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 ................................................................... 26
Dry Edible Pea Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 .................................................... 26
Potato Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023................................................................... 27
Potato Type as a Percent of Planted – States and United States: 2022 and 2023.................................................................. 28
Corn Biotechnology Varieties as a Percent of All Corn Planted – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 ...................... 29
Upland Cotton Biotechnology Varieties as a Percent of Upland Cotton Planted – States and United States:
2022 and 2023 ....................................................................................................................................................................... 30
Soybean Biotechnology Varieties as a Percent of All Soybeans Planted – States and United States:
2022 and 2023 ....................................................................................................................................................................... 31
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2022 and 2023 ................... 33
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States: 2022 and 2023........................ 35
Spring Weather Summary ..................................................................................................................................................... 37
Crop Comments .................................................................................................................................................................... 39
Statistical Methodology......................................................................................................................................................... 45
Reliability June Planted Acreage Estimates .......................................................................................................................... 46
Information Contacts ............................................................................................................................................................. 47

4

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Principal Crops Area Planted – States and United States: 2021-2023
[Crops included in area planted are corn, sorghum, oats, barley, rye, winter wheat, Durum wheat, other spring wheat, rice, soybeans, peanuts,
sunflower, cotton, dry edible beans, chickpeas, potatoes, sugarbeets, canola, and proso millet. Harvested acreage is used for all hay, tobacco, and
sugarcane in computing total area planted. Includes double cropped acres and unharvested small grains planted as cover crops]
State

2021

2022

(1,000 acres)

2023

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Alabama ......................................................................
Alaska .........................................................................
Arizona ........................................................................
Arkansas .....................................................................
California .....................................................................
Colorado ......................................................................
Connecticut .................................................................
Delaware .....................................................................
Florida .........................................................................
Georgia .......................................................................

2,125
25
607
7,020
2,391
6,235
70
422
1,077
3,393

2,120
26
598
6,992
2,200
5,664
77
442
1,071
3,396

2,200
26
588
7,017
2,416
5,761
79
437
1,082
3,442

Idaho ...........................................................................
Illinois ..........................................................................
Indiana ........................................................................
Iowa .............................................................................
Kansas ........................................................................
Kentucky ......................................................................
Louisiana .....................................................................
Maine ..........................................................................
Maryland ......................................................................
Massachusetts .............................................................

4,051
22,830
11,930
24,390
24,421
6,078
3,055
238
1,537
69

4,071
22,805
11,910
24,330
24,101
5,994
3,217
252
1,558
74

4,253
22,895
11,930
24,335
24,191
6,151
3,195
264
1,564
68

Michigan ......................................................................
Minnesota ....................................................................
Mississippi ...................................................................
Missouri .......................................................................
Montana ......................................................................
Nebraska .....................................................................
Nevada ........................................................................
New Hampshire ...........................................................
New Jersey ..................................................................
New Mexico .................................................................

6,376
19,471
4,233
13,644
9,364
19,810
355
55
299
785

6,308
19,100
4,210
13,820
9,396
19,299
414
55
321
772

6,328
19,408
4,236
13,880
9,829
19,424
405
54
313
826

New York .....................................................................
North Carolina .............................................................
North Dakota ...............................................................
Ohio .............................................................................
Oklahoma ....................................................................
Oregon ........................................................................
Pennsylvania ...............................................................
Rhode Island ...............................................................
South Carolina .............................................................
South Dakota ...............................................................

2,744
4,398
24,085
9,945
9,553
1,815
3,740
9
1,476
16,693

2,837
4,425
21,616
9,890
9,666
1,733
3,723
9
1,462
16,627

2,905
4,451
23,103
9,935
10,521
1,866
3,774
8
1,530
17,158

Tennessee ...................................................................
Texas ..........................................................................
Utah .............................................................................
Vermont .......................................................................
Virginia ........................................................................
Washington .................................................................
West Virginia ...............................................................
Wisconsin ....................................................................
Wyoming .....................................................................

4,952
22,797
868
245
2,495
3,715
569
8,099
1,282

4,960
22,029
880
255
2,493
3,585
611
7,966
1,442

5,185
22,551
922
255
2,637
3,648
667
8,076
1,411

United States 1 .............................................................

317,119

312,111

318,700

1

States do not add to United States due to rye unallocated table.

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

5

Corn and Soybean Area Left to be Planted – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
Crop

Corn .......................................................
Soybeans ...............................................

6

Acres Left to be Planted
2022

2023

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)
4,027
15,806

2,491
8,221

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Corn Area Planted for All Purposes and Harvested for Grain – States and United States:
2022 and 2023
State

Area planted for all purposes
2022

Area harvested for grain

2023

(1,000 acres)

2023 1

2022

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Alabama ............................
Arizona ..............................
Arkansas ...........................
California ...........................
Colorado ............................
Connecticut 2 .....................
Delaware ...........................
Florida ...............................
Georgia .............................
Idaho .................................

300
80
710
370
1,350
25
170
85
425
320

360
100
890
390
1,250
26
175
100
480
390

290
40
695
20
980
(NA)
167
56
385
110

350
43
870
40
1,000
(NA)
172
60
430
130

Illinois ................................
Indiana ..............................
Iowa ...................................
Kansas ..............................
Kentucky ............................
Louisiana ...........................
Maine 2 ..............................
Maryland ............................
Massachusetts 2 ................
Michigan ............................

10,800
5,250
12,900
5,500
1,440
450
29
440
14
2,350

11,500
5,500
13,400
5,500
1,550
580
27
510
14
2,400

10,600
5,130
12,400
4,440
1,350
435
(NA)
380
(NA)
2,000

11,300
5,380
12,900
5,100
1,450
565
(NA)
445
(NA)
2,050

Minnesota ..........................
Mississippi .........................
Missouri .............................
Montana ............................
Nebraska ...........................
Nevada 2 ............................
New Hampshire 2 ...............
New Jersey ........................
New Mexico .......................
New York ...........................

8,000
580
3,350
130
9,600
14
13
76
100
1,030

8,400
720
3,650
115
9,500
15
13
72
130
1,130

7,490
565
3,120
69
8,820
(NA)
(NA)
67
36
575

8,000
700
3,480
59
9,160
(NA)
(NA)
65
62
650

North Carolina ...................
North Dakota .....................
Ohio ...................................
Oklahoma ..........................
Oregon ..............................
Pennsylvania .....................
Rhode Island 2 ...................
South Carolina ...................
South Dakota .....................
Tennessee .........................

830
2,950
3,400
350
75
1,180
2
320
5,750
840

990
3,900
3,500
370
90
1,240
2
390
6,200
1,000

785
2,670
3,180
200
45
840
(NA)
300
5,010
795

940
3,600
3,270
330
55
910
(NA)
370
5,500
945

Texas ................................
Utah ...................................
Vermont 2 ...........................
Virginia ..............................
Washington .......................
West Virginia .....................
Wisconsin ..........................
Wyoming ...........................

2,150
70
90
450
130
46
3,950
95

2,500
75
90
530
180
57
4,000
95

1,610
16
(NA)
340
75
35
3,030
56

2,200
23
(NA)
400
105
43
3,100
70

United States .....................

88,579

94,096

79,207

86,322

(NA) Not available.
1
Forecasted.
2
Area harvested for grain not estimated.

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

7

Sorghum Area Planted for All Purposes and Harvested for Grain – States and United States:
2022 and 2023
State

Area planted for all purposes
2022

Area harvested for grain

2023

(1,000 acres)

2023 1

2022

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Colorado ..............................
Kansas .................................
Nebraska .............................
Oklahoma ............................
South Dakota .......................
Texas ...................................

545
3,300
320
430
280
1,450

500
3,300
340
450
265
1,950

380
2,700
125
240
175
950

400
3,050
220
370
200
1,700

United States .......................

6,325

6,805

4,570

5,940

1

8

Forecasted.

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Oat Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
[Includes area planted in preceding fall]
State

Area planted

Area harvested

2022

2023

2022

2023 1

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Arkansas ...............................
California ...............................
Georgia .................................
Idaho .....................................
Illinois ....................................
Iowa .......................................
Kansas ..................................
Maine ....................................
Michigan ................................
Minnesota ..............................

10
105
75
50
60
130
110
26
50
200

8
85
55
45
55
185
135
22
50
160

6
6
15
16
10
40
25
24
30
140

5
5
18
10
14
45
25
19
20
104

Missouri .................................
Montana ................................
Nebraska ...............................
New York ...............................
North Carolina .......................
North Dakota .........................
Ohio .......................................
Oklahoma ..............................
Oregon ..................................
Pennsylvania .........................

45
85
125
68
40
345
50
50
20
87

30
75
145
61
37
320
35
140
20
70

8
24
18
51
11
190
15
17
8
61

7
30
25
47
11
136
22
26
10
39

South Dakota .........................
Texas ....................................
Wisconsin ..............................

260
450
140

250
390
135

75
35
65

77
39
60

United States .........................

2,581

2,508

890

794

1

Forecasted.

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

9

Barley Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
[Includes area planted in preceding fall]
State

Area planted

Area harvested

2022

2023

2022

2023 1

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Alaska ..................................
Arizona ................................
California .............................
Colorado ..............................
Delaware .............................
Idaho ....................................
Kansas .................................
Maine ...................................
Maryland ..............................
Michigan ..............................

6
16
40
61
21
560
15
11
28
9

7
21
40
57
21
590
15
14
34
7

5
15
19
40
16
540
5
10
16
8

6
18
19
44
15
550
4
13
20
6

Minnesota ............................
Montana ...............................
New York .............................
North Carolina ......................
North Dakota ........................
Oregon .................................
Pennsylvania .......................
South Dakota .......................
Utah .....................................
Virginia .................................

65
1,030
9
16
740
36
41
28
20
30

60
1,250
9
16
840
45
54
38
22
30

55
840
5
11
660
19
20
6
15
7

46
845
5
10
695
30
30
13
14
6

Washington ..........................
Wisconsin ............................
Wyoming ..............................

72
14
77

85
13
91

60
3
58

67
7
64

United States .......................

2,945

3,359

2,433

2,527

1

Forecasted.

10

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

All Wheat Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
[Includes area planted in preceding fall]
State

Area planted

Area harvested

2022

2023

2022

2023 1

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Alabama ............................
Arizona ..............................
Arkansas ...........................
California ...........................
Colorado ............................
Delaware ...........................
Georgia .............................
Idaho .................................
Illinois ................................
Indiana ..............................

180
85
220
380
1,950
80
200
1,157
650
290

210
50
230
355
2,300
80
200
1,168
860
410

120
84
150
105
1,430
54
100
1,077
560
240

150
49
165
105
1,800
65
105
1,073
780
360

Kansas ..............................
Kentucky ............................
Maryland ............................
Michigan ............................
Minnesota ..........................
Mississippi .........................
Missouri .............................
Montana ............................
Nebraska ...........................
New Jersey ........................

7,300
530
355
460
1,250
100
630
5,460
980
26

8,100
610
340
630
1,140
120
830
5,350
1,150
35

6,600
375
170
415
1,210
75
410
4,915
820
22

6,500
460
175
590
1,100
95
640
4,820
850
30

New Mexico .......................
New York ...........................
North Carolina ...................
North Dakota .....................
Ohio ...................................
Oklahoma ..........................
Oregon ..............................
Pennsylvania .....................
South Carolina ...................
South Dakota .....................

355
140
480
6,195
510
4,300
730
270
120
1,560

400
170
500
6,480
650
4,600
740
290
110
1,680

85
100
375
6,135
465
2,450
720
210
100
1,430

160
155
420
6,270
550
2,600
730
225
95
1,450

Tennessee .........................
Texas ................................
Utah ...................................
Virginia ..............................
Washington .......................
Wisconsin ..........................
Wyoming ...........................

410
5,300
110
230
2,325
305
115

470
6,400
105
210
2,250
290
115

335
1,300
88
150
2,270
240
95

390
2,000
85
155
2,180
245
100

United States .....................

45,738

49,628

35,480

37,722

1

Forecasted.

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

11

Winter Wheat Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
[Includes area planted in preceding fall]
State

Area planted

Area harvested

2022

2023

2022

2023 1

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Alabama ...........................
Arkansas ...........................
California ..........................
Colorado ...........................
Delaware ..........................
Georgia .............................
Idaho .................................
Illinois ................................
Indiana ..............................
Kansas ..............................

180
220
340
1,950
80
200
770
650
290
7,300

210
230
330
2,300
80
200
760
860
410
8,100

120
150
70
1,430
54
100
710
560
240
6,600

150
165
85
1,800
65
105
690
780
360
6,500

Kentucky ...........................
Maryland ...........................
Michigan ...........................
Mississippi ........................
Missouri ............................
Montana ............................
Nebraska ..........................
New Jersey .......................
New Mexico ......................
New York ..........................

530
355
460
100
630
2,050
980
26
355
140

610
340
630
120
830
1,900
1,150
35
400
170

375
170
415
75
410
1,800
820
22
85
100

460
175
590
95
640
1,650
850
30
160
155

North Carolina ...................
North Dakota .....................
Ohio ..................................
Oklahoma .........................
Oregon ..............................
Pennsylvania ....................
South Carolina ..................
South Dakota ....................
Tennessee ........................
Texas ................................

480
105
510
4,300
730
270
120
830
410
5,300

500
130
650
4,600
740
290
110
930
470
6,400

375
95
465
2,450
720
210
100
730
335
1,300

420
110
550
2,600
730
225
95
750
390
2,000

Utah ..................................
Virginia ..............................
Washington .......................
Wisconsin .........................
Wyoming ...........................

110
230
1,850
305
115

105
210
1,800
290
115

88
150
1,800
240
95

85
155
1,740
245
100

United States ....................

33,271

37,005

23,459

25,700

1

Forecasted.

12

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Durum Wheat Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
[Includes area planted in preceding fall in Arizona and California]
Area planted

State

Area harvested

2022

2023

2022

2023 1

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Arizona ............................
California .........................
Idaho ...............................
Montana ..........................
North Dakota ...................

85
40
7
710
790

50
25
8
650
750

84
35
7
675
780

49
20
8
620
730

United States ...................

1,632

1,483

1,581

1,427

1

Forecasted.

Other Spring Wheat Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
Area planted

State

Area harvested

2022

2023

2022

2023 1

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Idaho ...............................
Minnesota ........................
Montana ..........................
North Dakota ...................
South Dakota ...................
Washington .....................

380
1,250
2,700
5,300
730
475

400
1,140
2,800
5,600
750
450

360
1,210
2,440
5,260
700
470

375
1,100
2,550
5,430
700
440

United States ...................

10,835

11,140

10,440

10,595

1

Forecasted.

Rye Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
[Includes area planted in preceding fall]
State

Area planted

Area harvested

2022

2023

2022

2023 1

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Minnesota ........................
North Dakota ...................
Oklahoma ........................
Pennsylvania ...................
Wisconsin ........................

70
110
265
190
230

70
110
260
165
240

28
60
50
17
20

28
59
55
22
20

Other States 2 ..................

1,310

1,500

166

221

United States ...................

2,175

2,345

341

405

1

Forecasted.
2
Other States include Georgia, Illinois, Kansas, Michigan, Nebraska, New York, North Carolina, South Dakota, and Texas.

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

13

Rice Area Planted and Harvested by Class – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
Class and State

Area planted

Area harvested

2022

2023

2022

2023 1

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Long grain
Arkansas ..............................
California .............................
Louisiana .............................
Mississippi ...........................
Missouri ...............................
Texas ...................................

1,000
7
370
85
150
190

1,150
11
400
100
190
140

990
7
366
84
146
181

1,140
11
395
98
185
135

United States .......................

1,802

1,991

1,774

1,964

Medium grain
Arkansas ..............................
California .............................
Louisiana .............................
Mississippi ...........................
Missouri ...............................
Texas ...................................

105
220
55
5
5

160
435
60
5
3

93
218
49
3
5

150
432
58
5
3

United States .......................

390

663

368

648

Short grain 2
Arkansas ..............................
California .............................

1
29

1
32

1
29

1
32

United States .......................

30

33

30

33

All
Arkansas ..............................
California .............................
Louisiana .............................
Mississippi ...........................
Missouri ...............................
Texas ...................................

1,106
256
425
85
155
195

1,311
478
460
100
195
143

1,084
254
415
84
149
186

1,291
475
453
98
190
138

United States .......................

2,222

2,687

2,172

2,645

- Represents zero.
1
Forecasted.
2
Includes sweet rice.

Proso Millet Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
State

Area planted

Area harvested

2022

2023

2022

2023 1

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Colorado ..............................
Nebraska .............................
South Dakota .......................

445
145
47

420
220
65

355
115
37

United States .......................

637

705

507

1

Estimates to be released January 2024 in the Crop Production Summary.

14

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Hay Area Harvested by Type – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
Alfalfa and
alfalfa mixtures

All hay

State
2022

2023

(1,000 acres)

1

(1,000 acres)

2022

2023

(1,000 acres)

All other
1

2023 1

2022

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Alabama 2 ............................
Alaska 2 ...............................
Arizona ................................
Arkansas .............................
California .............................
Colorado ..............................
Connecticut .........................
Delaware .............................
Florida 2 ...............................
Georgia 2 .............................

680
20
315
1,093
830
1,140
52
11
310
550

680
19
330
1,163
895
1,090
53
11
300
570

(NA)
(NA)
260
3
450
610
7
2
(NA)
(NA)

(NA)
(NA)
275
3
525
600
5
1
(NA)
(NA)

680
20
55
1,090
380
530
45
9
310
550

680
19
55
1,160
370
490
48
10
300
570

Idaho ...................................
Illinois ..................................
Indiana ................................
Iowa .....................................
Kansas ................................
Kentucky ..............................
Louisiana 2 ...........................
Maine ..................................
Maryland ..............................
Massachusetts .....................

1,410
495
520
1,200
2,610
2,030
390
134
215
60

1,440
480
520
1,050
2,680
2,050
400
148
190
54

1,060
240
260
730
660
110
(NA)
9
40
5

1,090
200
260
730
680
100
(NA)
8
30
4

350
255
260
470
1,950
1,920
390
125
175
55

350
280
260
320
2,000
1,950
400
140
160
50

Michigan ..............................
Minnesota ............................
Mississippi 2 .........................
Missouri ...............................
Montana ..............................
Nebraska .............................
Nevada ................................
New Hampshire ...................
New Jersey ..........................
New Mexico .........................

790
1,220
590
3,180
2,290
2,140
400
42
109
225

800
1,260
600
3,225
2,650
2,360
390
41
96
245

560
640
(NA)
130
1,400
790
285
5
13
125

570
700
(NA)
225
1,600
760
280
5
11
145

230
580
590
3,050
890
1,350
115
37
96
100

230
560
600
3,000
1,050
1,600
110
36
85
100

New York .............................
North Carolina .....................
North Dakota .......................
Ohio .....................................
Oklahoma ............................
Oregon ................................
Pennsylvania .......................
Rhode Island .......................
South Carolina 2 ...................
South Dakota .......................

1,240
656
2,150
830
3,020
820
1,350
7
270
2,950

1,180
637
2,400
850
3,540
920
1,330
6
270
2,900

240
6
1,100
280
220
350
310
1
(NA)
1,650

210
7
1,300
300
240
350
300
1
(NA)
1,700

1,000
650
1,050
550
2,800
470
1,040
6
270
1,300

970
630
1,100
550
3,300
570
1,030
5
270
1,200

Tennessee ...........................
Texas ..................................
Utah .....................................
Vermont ...............................
Virginia ................................
Washington .........................
West Virginia .......................
Wisconsin ............................
Wyoming .............................

1,712
4,190
680
165
1,030
650
565
1,100
1,110

1,793
4,705
720
165
1,170
690
610
1,230
1,070

12
90
490
15
30
360
15
800
550

13
105
550
15
30
360
10
830
530

1,700
4,100
190
150
1,000
290
550
300
560

1,780
4,600
170
150
1,140
330
600
400
540

United States .......................

49,546

51,976

14,913

15,658

34,633

36,318

- Represents zero.
(NA) Not available.
1
Forecasted.
2
Alfalfa and alfalfa mixtures included in all other hay.

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

15

Soybean Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
State

Area planted

Area harvested

2022

2023

2022

2023 1

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Alabama ..................................
Arkansas ..................................
Delaware .................................
Georgia ....................................
Illinois .......................................
Indiana .....................................
Iowa .........................................
Kansas .....................................
Kentucky ..................................
Louisiana .................................

360
3,180
160
165
10,800
5,850
10,100
5,050
1,950
1,260

400
2,900
150
170
10,000
5,500
9,700
4,250
1,900
1,120

355
3,150
158
160
10,750
5,830
10,030
4,810
1,940
1,210

395
2,870
148
165
9,950
5,480
9,620
4,200
1,890
1,090

Maryland ..................................
Michigan ..................................
Minnesota ................................
Mississippi ...............................
Missouri ...................................
Nebraska .................................
New Jersey ..............................
New York .................................
North Carolina ..........................
North Dakota ............................

520
2,250
7,450
2,310
6,100
5,750
110
350
1,700
5,700

490
2,050
7,500
2,300
5,600
5,500
110
355
1,650
5,650

510
2,240
7,390
2,290
6,060
5,680
108
325
1,690
5,670

480
2,040
7,430
2,270
5,550
5,450
108
345
1,640
5,600

Ohio .........................................
Oklahoma ................................
Pennsylvania ...........................
South Carolina .........................
South Dakota ...........................
Tennessee ...............................
Texas .......................................
Virginia .....................................
Wisconsin ................................

5,100
545
600
405
5,100
1,650
155
620
2,160

4,900
570
620
440
5,300
1,600
110
570
2,100

5,080
385
590
390
5,070
1,620
85
610
2,150

4,880
520
610
425
5,250
1,570
90
560
2,070

United States ...........................

87,450

83,505

86,336

82,696

1

Forecasted.

16

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Percent of Soybean Acreage Planted Following Another Harvested Crop – Selected States and
United States: 2019-2023
[Data as obtained from survey results. These data do not represent official estimates of the Agricultural Statistics Board but provide raw data as
obtained from survey respondents. The purpose of these data is to portray trends in soybean production practices]
State

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

Alabama ................................
Arkansas ...............................
Delaware ...............................
Georgia .................................
Illinois ....................................
Indiana ..................................
Kansas ..................................
Kentucky ................................
Louisiana ...............................
Maryland ................................

24
2
6
18
5
2
4
26
1
23

23
2
26
22
4
5
13
21
3
32

37
4
24
49
4
5
7
17
(Z)
26

21
4
27
16
5
2
8
18
6
12

36
3
21
9
5
2
12
26
(Z)
26

Mississippi .............................
Missouri .................................
New Jersey ............................
North Carolina .......................
Ohio .......................................
Oklahoma ..............................
Pennsylvania .........................
South Carolina .......................
Tennessee .............................

1
8
6
26
1
37
14
24
20

1
6
14
27
3
24
20
23
9

2
6
4
43
1
52
27
18
27

2
6
3
23
2
37
26
15
21

2
9
18
19
1
33
20
5
25

Texas ....................................
Virginia ..................................

(Z)
50

10
28

(Z)
25

(Z)
17

9
15

United States .........................

4

5

5

4

4

(Z) Less than half of the unit shown.

Peanut Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
State

Area planted
2022

Area harvested
2023

(1,000 acres)

2023 1

2022

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Alabama ..............................
Arkansas .............................
Florida .................................
Georgia ...............................
Mississippi ...........................
New Mexico .........................
North Carolina .....................
Oklahoma ............................
South Carolina .....................
Texas ..................................
Virginia ................................

165.0
33.0
150.0
685.0
15.0
7.3
117.0
18.0
71.0
160.0
29.0

170.0
35.0
175.0
760.0
16.0
6.0
130.0
16.0
85.0
155.0
30.0

162.0
32.0
142.0
680.0
14.0
6.4
116.0
17.0
68.0
120.0
28.0

167.0
34.0
165.0
755.0
15.0
6.0
128.0
15.0
82.0
140.0
30.0

United States .......................

1,450.3

1,578.0

1,385.4

1,537.0

1

Forecasted.

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

17

Sunflower Area Planted and Harvested by Type – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
Varietal type
and State

Area planted

Area harvested

2022

2023

2022

2023 1

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Oil
California .................................
Colorado ..................................
Kansas .....................................
Minnesota ................................
Nebraska .................................
North Dakota ............................
South Dakota ...........................
Texas .......................................

33.0
52.0
32.0
69.0
50.0
660.0
610.0
44.0

32.0
29.0
26.0
51.0
30.0
550.0
420.0
45.0

31.0
43.0
28.0
67.0
46.0
645.0
580.0
39.0

31.0
25.0
24.0
50.0
28.0
535.0
400.0
42.0

United States ...........................

1,550.0

1,183.0

1,479.0

1,135.0

Non-oil
California .................................
Colorado ..................................
Kansas .....................................
Minnesota ................................
Nebraska .................................
North Dakota ............................
South Dakota ...........................
Texas .......................................

0.5
10.0
10.0
8.5
7.0
57.0
42.0
8.0

1.0
10.0
12.0
8.0
13.0
75.0
40.0
5.0

0.5
6.5
8.5
8.0
5.5
53.0
40.0
6.0

1.0
9.0
11.0
7.5
11.5
71.0
38.0
4.5

United States ...........................

143.0

164.0

128.0

153.5

All
California .................................
Colorado ..................................
Kansas .....................................
Minnesota ................................
Nebraska .................................
North Dakota ............................
South Dakota ...........................
Texas .......................................

33.5
62.0
42.0
77.5
57.0
717.0
652.0
52.0

33.0
39.0
38.0
59.0
43.0
625.0
460.0
50.0

31.5
49.5
36.5
75.0
51.5
698.0
620.0
45.0

32.0
34.0
35.0
57.5
39.5
606.0
438.0
46.5

United States ...........................

1,693.0

1,347.0

1,607.0

1,288.5

1

Forecasted.

18

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Canola Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
State

Area planted

Area harvested

2022

2023

2022

2023 1

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Kansas ................................
Minnesota ............................
Montana ..............................
North Dakota .......................
Oklahoma ............................
Washington .........................

9.0
71.0
180.0
1,800.0
18.0
135.0

3.0
60.0
160.0
1,900.0
5.0
155.0

7.0
69.0
168.0
1,785.0
8.0
132.0

2.5
58.0
150.0
1,880.0
3.0
151.0

United States .......................

2,213.0

2,283.0

2,169.0

2,244.5

1

Forecasted.

Flaxseed Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
State

Area planted
2022

Area harvested
2023

(1,000 acres)

2023 1

2022

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Montana ..............................
North Dakota .......................

98
165

40
100

82
162

37
95

United States .......................

263

140

244

132

1

Forecasted.

Other Oilseeds Area Planted and Harvested – United States: 2022 and 2023
Crop

Area planted

Area harvested

2022

2023

2022

2023 1

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

2

Rapeseed ..........................
Mustard seed 3 .....................

10.9
221.0

15.5
240.0

10.4
182.0

14.1
228.5

1

Forecasted.
Rapeseed program States include Delaware, Idaho, Kentucky, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia.
3
Mustard seed program States include Idaho, Montana, and North Dakota.
2

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

19

Safflower Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
State

Area planted

Area harvested

2022

2023

2022

2023 1

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

California .............................
Idaho ....................................
Montana ...............................
South Dakota .......................
Utah .....................................

51.0
24.5
44.0
17.7
13.0

40.0
22.0
45.0
16.0
20.0

49.0
23.5
35.0
16.0
11.8

39.0
21.0
40.0
14.5
19.0

United States .......................

150.2

143.0

135.3

133.5

1

Forecasted.

20

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Cotton Area Planted and Harvested by Type – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Type and State

Area planted

Area harvested

2022

2023

2022

2023 1

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Upland
Alabama ................................
Arizona ..................................
Arkansas ...............................
California ...............................
Florida ...................................
Georgia .................................
Kansas ..................................
Louisiana ...............................
Mississippi .............................
Missouri .................................

435.0
87.0
640.0
19.0
106.0
1,290.0
165.0
195.0
530.0
360.0

380.0
75.0
480.0
13.0
90.0
1,200.0
170.0
130.0
380.0
350.0

430.0
86.0
630.0
18.5
103.0
1,270.0
138.0
190.0
525.0
340.0

New Mexico ...........................
North Carolina .......................
Oklahoma ..............................
South Carolina .......................
Tennessee .............................
Texas ....................................
Virginia ..................................

66.0
470.0
670.0
270.0
335.0
7,850.0
91.0

35.0
380.0
570.0
230.0
310.0
6,100.0
85.0

30.0
460.0
230.0
266.0
325.0
2,000.0
90.0

United States .........................

13,579.0

10,978.0

7,131.5

American Pima
Arizona ..................................
California ...............................
New Mexico ...........................
Texas ....................................

15.0
115.0
19.0
33.0

12.0
70.0
10.0
17.0

14.4
114.0
18.8
29.0

United States .........................

182.0

109.0

176.2

All
Alabama ................................
Arizona ..................................
Arkansas ...............................
California ...............................
Florida ...................................
Georgia .................................
Kansas ..................................
Louisiana ...............................
Mississippi .............................
Missouri .................................

435.0
102.0
640.0
134.0
106.0
1,290.0
165.0
195.0
530.0
360.0

380.0
87.0
480.0
83.0
90.0
1,200.0
170.0
130.0
380.0
350.0

430.0
100.4
630.0
132.5
103.0
1,270.0
138.0
190.0
525.0
340.0

New Mexico ...........................
North Carolina .......................
Oklahoma ..............................
South Carolina .......................
Tennessee .............................
Texas ....................................
Virginia ..................................

85.0
470.0
670.0
270.0
335.0
7,883.0
91.0

45.0
380.0
570.0
230.0
310.0
6,117.0
85.0

48.8
460.0
230.0
266.0
325.0
2,029.0
90.0

United States .........................

13,761.0

11,087.0

7,307.7

1

Estimates to be released August 2023 in the Crop Production report.

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

21

Sugarbeet Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
[Relates to year of intended harvest in all States except California]
Area planted

State

Area harvested

2022

2023

2022

2023 1

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

2

California ....................
Colorado .......................
Idaho .............................
Michigan .......................
Minnesota .....................
Montana ........................
Nebraska ......................
North Dakota .................
Oregon ..........................
Washington ...................
Wyoming .......................

18.0
23.4
173.0
139.0
434.0
33.6
46.8
251.0
9.4
2.0
29.3

18.0
22.0
177.0
134.0
444.0
24.0
47.0
220.0
10.5
2.0
30.0

17.7
20.5
170.0
138.0
431.0
33.5
39.6
249.0
7.9
2.0
27.9

17.7
21.0
175.0
133.0
438.0
23.0
46.0
216.0
10.0
2.0
29.0

United States ................

1,159.5

1,128.5

1,137.1

1,110.7

1

Forecasted.
2
Relates to year of planting for overwintered beets in southern California.

Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed Area Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
State

Area harvested
2022

2023 1

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Florida ....................................................
Louisiana ...............................................
Texas .....................................................

401.9
497.1
31.2

398.0
505.0
19.0

United States .........................................

930.2

922.0

1

Forecasted.

Tobacco Area Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
State

Area harvested
2022

2023 1

(acres)

(acres)

Georgia ..................................................
Kentucky ................................................
North Carolina ........................................
Pennsylvania .........................................
South Carolina .......................................
Tennessee .............................................
Virginia ...................................................

6,000
43,600
116,160
5,000
5,800
12,700
12,500

6,500
41,400
111,110
4,860
5,400
12,200
11,810

United States .........................................

201,760

193,280

1

Forecasted.

22

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Tobacco Area Harvested by Class and Type – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
Class and type

Area harvested
2022

2023 1

(acres)

(acres)

Class 1, Flue-cured (11-14)
Georgia ......................................................................................
North Carolina ............................................................................
South Carolina ............................................................................
Virginia .......................................................................................

6,000
116,000
5,800
12,100

6,500
111,000
5,400
11,500

United States ..............................................................................

139,900

134,400

Class 2, Fire-cured (21-23)
Kentucky .....................................................................................
Tennessee ..................................................................................
Virginia .......................................................................................

9,800
6,300
150

7,700
5,800
100

United States ..............................................................................

16,250

13,600

Class 3A, Light air-cured (31-32)
Type 31, Burley
Kentucky .................................................................................
North Carolina ........................................................................
Pennsylvania ..........................................................................
Tennessee ..............................................................................
Virginia ...................................................................................

28,000
160
1,300
2,700
250

29,000
110
1,100
3,000
210

United States ..........................................................................

32,410

33,420

Type 32, Southern Maryland Belt
Pennsylvania ..........................................................................

100

60

United States ..........................................................................

100

60

Total light air-cured (31-32) ......................................................

32,510

33,480

Class 3B, Dark air-cured (35-37)
Kentucky .....................................................................................
Tennessee ..................................................................................

5,800
3,700

4,700
3,400

United States ..............................................................................

9,500

8,100

Class 4, Cigar filler (41)
Type 41, Pennsylvania Seedleaf
Pennsylvania ..........................................................................

3,600

3,700

United States ..........................................................................

3,600

3,700

All tobacco
United States ..............................................................................

201,760

193,280

1

Forecasted.

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

23

Dry Edible Bean Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
[Excludes beans grown for garden seed and chickpeas]
State

Area planted

Area harvested

2022

2023

2022

2023 1

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

California ...............................
Colorado ................................
Idaho ......................................
Michigan ................................
Minnesota ..............................
Nebraska ...............................
North Dakota ..........................
Washington ............................
Wyoming ................................

12.0
35.0
45.0
215.0
215.0
115.0
570.0
27.0
16.0

12.0
28.0
40.0
210.0
210.0
98.0
560.0
43.0
10.0

11.9
33.3
44.0
214.0
210.0
108.1
560.0
26.7
15.0

11.9
25.0
39.0
208.0
201.0
92.0
540.0
42.5
8.0

United States .........................

1,250.0

1,211.0

1,223.0

1,167.4

1

Forecasted.

24

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Chickpea Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
Size and State

Area planted

Area harvested

2022

2023

2022

2023 1

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

2

Small chickpeas
California .........................................................
Idaho ...............................................................
Montana ..........................................................
North Dakota ...................................................
Washington .....................................................

(D)
15.0
35.0
(D)
24.0

(D)
20.0
50.0
(D)
23.0

(D)
14.3
34.8
(D)
23.9

(D)
19.7
47.5
(D)
22.9

Other States 3 ..................................................

5.7

6.5

5.7

6.3

United States ...................................................

79.7

99.5

78.7

96.4

Large chickpeas
California .........................................................
Idaho ...............................................................
Montana ..........................................................
North Dakota ...................................................
Washington .....................................................

(D)
46.0
152.0
(D)
65.0

(D)
53.0
155.0
(D)
60.0

(D)
45.7
142.2
(D)
65.0

(D)
52.5
147.0
(D)
59.6

Other States 3 ..................................................

10.4

19.5

10.3

19.1

United States ...................................................

273.4

287.5

263.2

278.2

All chickpeas
California .........................................................
Idaho ...............................................................
Montana ..........................................................
North Dakota ...................................................
Washington .....................................................

2.2
61.0
187.0
13.9
89.0

4.0
73.0
205.0
22.0
83.0

2.1
60.0
177.0
13.9
88.9

3.9
72.2
194.5
21.5
82.5

United States ...................................................

353.1

387.0

341.9

374.6

4

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
1
Forecasted.
2
Chickpeas 20/64 inches or smaller.
3
Includes data withheld above.
4
Chickpeas larger than 20/64 inches.

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

25

Lentil Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
State

Area planted
2022

Area harvested
2023

(1,000 acres)

2023 1

2022

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Idaho ....................................
Montana ...............................
North Dakota ........................
Washington ..........................

15.0
500.0
100.0
45.0

13.0
400.0
85.0
35.0

14.0
450.0
95.0
43.0

12.0
360.0
81.0
34.0

United States .......................

660.0

533.0

602.0

487.0

1

Forecasted.

Dry Edible Pea Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
State

Area planted
2022

Area harvested
2023

(1,000 acres)

2023 1

2022

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Idaho .................................
Montana ............................
Nebraska ..........................
North Dakota .....................
South Dakota ....................
Washington .......................

28.0
535.0
33.0
230.0
14.0
79.0

14.0
590.0
32.0
290.0
11.0
62.0

27.0
495.0
21.0
227.0
14.0
78.0

13.0
540.0
30.0
280.0
10.0
61.0

United States ....................

919.0

999.0

862.0

934.0

1

Forecasted.

26

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Potato Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
State

Area planted

Area harvested

2022

2023

2022

2023 1

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

California .............................................
Colorado ..............................................
Florida .................................................
Idaho ...................................................
Maine ..................................................
Michigan ..............................................
Minnesota ............................................
Nebraska .............................................

19.0
53.0
18.0
295.0
52.0
45.0
47.0
20.0

23.0
55.0
19.0
330.0
53.0
47.0
45.0
21.0

18.4
52.8
17.7
294.5
51.6
44.5
46.7
19.9

22.6
54.7
18.3
329.5
52.5
46.0
44.5
20.8

North Dakota .......................................
Oregon ................................................
Texas ..................................................
Washington .........................................
Wisconsin ............................................

74.0
43.0
13.0
155.0
67.0

76.0
40.0
12.0
160.0
68.0

73.0
43.0
12.5
154.5
66.5

75.0
40.0
11.5
159.5
67.0

United States .......................................

901.0

949.0

895.6

941.9

1

Forecasted.

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

27

Potato Type as a Percent of Planted – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
[Other type potatoes are included with Russet]
State

Red and Blue

White

Yellow

Russet

2022

2023

2022

2023

2022

2023

2022

2023

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

California ........................
Colorado .........................
Florida .............................
Idaho ...............................
Maine ..............................
Michigan .........................
Minnesota .......................
Nebraska ........................
North Dakota ...................
Oregon ............................

15
4
35
3
4
1
16
1
22
1

17
2
49
4
2
1
24
1
20
1

41
1
34
3
33
58
9
44
32
20

30
4
11
3
22
64
8
46
32
17

11
11
31
2
2
1
3
1
4
1

18
4
40
3
3
2
1
1
5
1

33
84
92
61
40
72
54
42
78

35
90
90
73
33
67
52
43
81

Texas ..............................
Washington .....................
Wisconsin .......................

16
6
9

5
7
6

66
15
39

55
12
46

8
4
5

2
3
4

10
75
47

38
78
44

United States ..................

7

8

19

17

4

4

70

71

- Represents zero.

28

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Biotechnology Varieties
The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducts the June Agricultural Survey in all States each year. Randomly
selected farmers across the United States were asked if they planted corn, soybeans, or Upland cotton seed that, through
biotechnology, is resistant to herbicides, insects, or both. Conventionally bred herbicide resistant varieties are excluded.
Insect resistant varieties include only those containing bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). The Bt varieties include those that
contain more than one gene that can resist different types of insects. Stacked gene varieties include only those containing
biotech traits for both herbicide and insect resistance. The States published individually in the following tables represent
85 percent of all corn planted acres, 88 percent of all soybean planted acres, and 89 percent of all Upland cotton planted
acres.
Corn Biotechnology Varieties as a Percent of All Corn Planted – States and United States:
2022 and 2023
State

Insect resistant

Herbicide resistant

2022

2023

2022

2023

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

(percent)

Illinois ...............................
Indiana .............................
Iowa ..................................
Kansas .............................
Michigan ...........................
Minnesota .........................
Missouri ............................
Nebraska ..........................
North Dakota ....................
Ohio ..................................

2
1
3
4
2
3
3
3
3
1

3
1
3
1
2
2
3
2
1
2

4
7
8
12
11
4
12
7
17
10

5
8
11
8
9
8
5
5
10
12

South Dakota ....................
Texas ...............................
Wisconsin .........................

1
5
3

2
3
2

10
8
11

5
9
11

Other States 1 ...................

4

4

14

13

3

3

United States ....................
State

9

Stacked gene varieties
2022

All biotech varieties
2023

(percent)

2022

(percent)

9
2

2023

(percent)

(percent)

Illinois ...............................
Indiana .............................
Iowa ..................................
Kansas .............................
Michigan ...........................
Minnesota .........................
Missouri ............................
Nebraska ..........................
North Dakota ....................
Ohio ..................................

87
79
82
78
81
86
81
85
74
80

87
78
81
86
81
83
86
87
85
76

93
87
93
94
94
93
96
95
94
91

95
87
95
95
92
93
94
94
96
90

South Dakota ....................
Texas ...............................
Wisconsin .........................

84
79
77

87
83
80

95
92
91

94
95
93

Other States 1 ...................

74

73

91

90

United States ....................

81

82

93

93

1
2

Other States includes all other States in the corn estimating program.
All biotech varieties for the United States and Other States may not add due to rounding.

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

29

Upland Cotton Biotechnology Varieties as a Percent of Upland Cotton Planted – States and
United States: 2022 and 2023
State

Insect resistant

Herbicide resistant

2022

2023

(percent)

2022

(percent)

2023

(percent)

(percent)

Alabama ..........................
Arkansas ..........................
California .........................
Georgia ............................
Louisiana .........................
Mississippi .......................
Missouri ...........................
North Carolina ..................
Tennessee .......................
Texas ...............................

3
6
10
6
6
1
4
3
1
2

4
16
4
5
2
2
4
3
1
2

3
5
17
1
6
8
24
8
7

3
13
28
3
2
3
20
7
9

Other States 1 ..................

4

1

5

6

3

3

United States ...................
State

6

Stacked gene varieties
2022

All biotech varieties
2023

(percent)

2022

(percent)

8
2

2023

(percent)

(percent)

Alabama ..........................
Arkansas ..........................
California .........................
Georgia ............................
Louisiana .........................
Mississippi .......................
Missouri ...........................
North Carolina ..................
Tennessee .......................
Texas ...............................

93
88
63
91
87
89
71
84
98
85

92
70
60
91
95
94
75
86
96
85

99
99
90
98
99
98
99
95
99
94

99
99
92
99
99
99
99
96
97
96

Other States 1 ..................

89

90

98

97

United States ...................

86

86

95

97

- Represents zero.
1
Other States includes all other States in the Upland cotton estimating program.
2
All biotech varieties for the United States and Other States may not add due to rounding.

30

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Soybean Biotechnology Varieties as a Percent of All Soybeans Planted – States and United States:
2022 and 2023
State

Herbicide resistant
2022

All biotech varieties
2023

(percent)

2022

(percent)

2023

(percent)

(percent)

Arkansas ..........................
Illinois ...............................
Indiana .............................
Iowa ..................................
Kansas .............................
Michigan ...........................
Minnesota .........................
Mississippi ........................
Missouri ............................
Nebraska ..........................

98
95
93
97
96
93
96
99
96
96

98
95
94
97
93
93
96
99
95
93

98
95
93
97
96
93
96
99
96
96

98
95
94
97
93
93
96
99
95
93

North Dakota ....................
Ohio ..................................
South Dakota ....................
Wisconsin .........................

92
94
96
92

96
94
96
91

92
94
96
92

96
94
96
91

Other States 1 ...................

95

93

95

93

United States ....................

95

95

95

95

1

Other States includes all other States in the soybean estimating program.

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

31

This page intentionally left blank.

32

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States:
2022 and 2023
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2023 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Area planted

Area harvested

2022

2023

2022

2023

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

(1,000 acres)

Grains and hay
Barley .....................................................................................
Corn for grain 1 .......................................................................
Corn for silage ........................................................................
Hay, all ...................................................................................
Alfalfa .................................................................................
All other ..............................................................................
Oats ........................................................................................
Proso millet .............................................................................
Rice ........................................................................................
Rye .........................................................................................
Sorghum for grain 1 .................................................................
Sorghum for silage ..................................................................
Wheat, all ...............................................................................
Winter .................................................................................
Durum .................................................................................
Other spring ........................................................................

2,945
88,579
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
2,581
637
2,222
2,175
6,325
(NA)
45,738
33,271
1,632
10,835

3,359
94,096

Oilseeds
Canola ....................................................................................
Cottonseed .............................................................................
Flaxseed .................................................................................
Mustard seed ..........................................................................
Peanuts ..................................................................................
Rapeseed ...............................................................................
Safflower ................................................................................
Soybeans for beans ................................................................
Sunflower ...............................................................................

2,213.0
(X)
263
221.0
1,450.3
10.9
150.2
87,450
1,693.0

2,283.0

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all ...............................................................................
Upland ................................................................................
American Pima ...................................................................
Sugarbeets .............................................................................
Sugarcane ..............................................................................
Tobacco ..................................................................................

2,433
79,207
6,860
49,546
14,913
34,633
890
507
2,172
341
4,570
525
35,480
23,459
1,581
10,440

2,527
86,322

2,244.5

140
240.0
1,578.0
15.5
143.0
83,505
1,347.0

2,169.0
(X)
244
182.0
1,385.4
10.4
135.3
86,336
1,607.0

13,761.0
13,579.0
182.0
1,159.5
(NA)
(NA)

11,087.0
10,978.0
109.0
1,128.5
(NA)
(NA)

7,307.7
7,131.5
176.2
1,137.1
930.2
201.8

1,110.7
922.0
193.3

Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Chickpeas ...............................................................................
Dry edible beans .....................................................................
Dry edible peas .......................................................................
Lentils .....................................................................................

353.1
1,250.0
919.0
660.0

387.0
1,211.0
999.0
533.0

341.9
1,223.0
862.0
602.0

374.6
1,167.4
934.0
487.0

Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops .......................................................................................
Maple syrup ............................................................................
Mushrooms .............................................................................
Peppermint oil .........................................................................
Potatoes .................................................................................
Spearmint oil ..........................................................................

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
901.0
(NA)

(NA)
(NA)

59.8
(NA)
(NA)
34.0
895.6
13.7

54.7
(NA)

See footnote(s) at end of table.

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
2,508
705
2,687
2,345
6,805
49,628
37,005
1,483
11,140

949.0

51,976
15,658
36,318
794
2,645
405
5,940
37,722
25,700
1,427
10,595

132
228.5
1,537.0
14.1
133.5
82,696
1,288.5

941.9
--continued

33

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States:
2022 and 2023 (continued)
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2023 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Yield per acre
2022

Production
2023

2022

2023

(1,000)

(1,000)

Grains and hay
Barley ......................................................................... bushels
Corn for grain .............................................................. bushels
Corn for silage ................................................................. tons
Hay, all ............................................................................. tons
Alfalfa ........................................................................... tons
All other ........................................................................ tons
Oats ............................................................................ bushels
Proso millet ................................................................. bushels
Rice 2 ................................................................................. cwt
Rye ............................................................................. bushels
Sorghum for grain ....................................................... bushels
Sorghum for silage ........................................................... tons
Wheat, all .................................................................... bushels
Winter ..................................................................... bushels
Durum ..................................................................... bushels
Other spring ............................................................ bushels

71.7
173.3
18.7
2.28
3.22
1.87
64.8
18.5
7,383
36.1
41.1
10.8
46.5
47.0
40.5
46.2

Oilseeds
Canola ........................................................................ pounds
Cottonseed ...................................................................... tons
Flaxseed ..................................................................... bushels
Mustard seed .............................................................. pounds
Peanuts ...................................................................... pounds
Rapeseed ................................................................... pounds
Safflower ..................................................................... pounds
Soybeans for beans .................................................... bushels
Sunflower .................................................................... pounds

1,762
(X)
17.6
557
4,019
1,863
1,213
49.5
1,750

3,821,810
4,415.0
4,304
101,290
5,568,150
19,380
164,054
4,276,123
2,812,540

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all 2 .....................................................................bales
Upland 2 ......................................................................bales
American Pima 2 .........................................................bales
Sugarbeets ...................................................................... tons
Sugarcane ....................................................................... tons
Tobacco ...................................................................... pounds

950
942
1,280
28.6
37.3
2,217

14,468.0
13,998.0
470.0
32,574
34,671
447,367

Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Chickpeas, all 2 .................................................................. cwt
Dry edible beans 2 .............................................................. cwt
Dry edible peas 2 ................................................................ cwt
Lentils 2 .............................................................................. cwt

1,070
2,113
1,751
912

3,658
25,847
15,092
5,489

Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops ........................................................................... pounds
Maple syrup ................................................................. gallons
Mushrooms ................................................................. pounds
Peppermint oil ............................................................. pounds
Potatoes ............................................................................ cwt
Spearmint oil ............................................................... pounds

1,694
(NA)
(NA)
99
438
120

44.9

(NA)

174,333
13,729,719
128,567
112,801
47,958
64,843
57,655
9,403
160,368
12,301
187,785
5,662
1,649,878
1,103,707
63,981
482,190

101,286.3
4,943
702,391
3,349
392,243
1,648

1,136,465

4,179

(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Area planted for all purposes.
2
Yield in pounds.

34

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States:
2022 and 2023
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2023 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Area planted

Area harvested

2022

2023

2022

2023

(hectares)

(hectares)

(hectares)

(hectares)

Grains and hay
Barley .........................................................................
Corn for grain 1 ...........................................................
Corn for silage ............................................................
Hay, all 2 .....................................................................
Alfalfa .....................................................................
All other ..................................................................
Oats ............................................................................
Proso millet .................................................................
Rice ............................................................................
Rye .............................................................................
Sorghum for grain 1 .....................................................
Sorghum for silage ......................................................
Wheat, all 2 .................................................................
Winter .....................................................................
Durum .....................................................................
Other spring ............................................................

1,191,810
35,847,040
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
1,044,500
257,790
899,220
880,200
2,559,660
(NA)
18,509,710
13,464,440
660,450
4,384,820

1,359,350
38,079,710

Oilseeds
Canola ........................................................................
Cottonseed .................................................................
Flaxseed .....................................................................
Mustard seed ..............................................................
Peanuts ......................................................................
Rapeseed ...................................................................
Safflower ....................................................................
Soybeans for beans ....................................................
Sunflower ...................................................................

895,580
(X)
106,430
89,440
586,920
4,410
60,780
35,390,140
685,140

923,910

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all 2 .................................................................
Upland ....................................................................
American Pima .......................................................
Sugarbeets .................................................................
Sugarcane ..................................................................
Tobacco ......................................................................

984,610
32,054,280
2,776,170
20,050,770
6,035,140
14,015,630
360,170
205,180
878,990
138,000
1,849,430
212,460
14,358,400
9,493,620
639,810
4,224,960

1,022,650
34,933,650

908,330

56,660
97,130
638,600
6,270
57,870
33,793,640
545,120

877,770
(X)
98,740
73,650
560,660
4,210
54,750
34,939,320
650,340

53,420
92,470
622,010
5,710
54,030
33,466,240
521,440

5,568,940
5,495,290
73,650
469,240
(NA)
(NA)

4,486,800
4,442,690
44,110
456,690
(NA)
(NA)

2,957,350
2,886,050
71,310
460,170
376,440
81,650

449,490
373,120
78,220

Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Chickpeas ...................................................................
Dry edible beans .........................................................
Dry edible peas ...........................................................
Lentils .........................................................................

142,900
505,860
371,910
267,100

156,620
490,080
404,290
215,700

138,360
494,940
348,840
243,620

151,600
472,440
377,980
197,080

Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops ...........................................................................
Maple syrup ................................................................
Mushrooms .................................................................
Peppermint oil .............................................................
Potatoes .....................................................................
Spearmint oil ..............................................................

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
364,630
(NA)

(NA)
(NA)

24,190
(NA)
(NA)
13,760
362,440
5,540

22,140
(NA)

See footnote(s) at end of table.

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
1,014,960
285,310
1,087,400
949,000
2,753,920
20,083,960
14,975,550
600,160
4,508,250

384,050

21,034,170
6,336,640
14,697,530
321,320
1,070,410
163,900
2,403,860
15,265,720
10,400,530
577,490
4,287,690

381,180
--continued

35

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States:
2022 and 2023 (continued)
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2023 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Yield per hectare

Production

2022

2023

2022

2023

(metric tons)

(metric tons)

(metric tons)

(metric tons)

Grains and hay
Barley .....................................................................................
Corn for grain ..........................................................................
Corn for silage ........................................................................
Hay, all 2 .................................................................................
Alfalfa ..................................................................................
All other ...............................................................................
Oats ........................................................................................
Proso millet .............................................................................
Rice ........................................................................................
Rye .........................................................................................
Sorghum for grain ...................................................................
Sorghum for silage ..................................................................
Wheat, all 2 .............................................................................
Winter .................................................................................
Durum .................................................................................
Other spring ........................................................................

3.85
10.88
42.01
5.10
7.21
4.20
2.32
1.04
8.28
2.26
2.58
24.18
3.13
3.16
2.72
3.11

Oilseeds
Canola ....................................................................................
Cottonseed .............................................................................
Flaxseed .................................................................................
Mustard seed ..........................................................................
Peanuts ..................................................................................
Rapeseed ...............................................................................
Safflower .................................................................................
Soybeans for beans ................................................................
Sunflower ................................................................................

1.97
(X)
1.11
0.62
4.50
2.09
1.36
3.33
1.96

1,733,540
4,005,220
109,330
45,940
2,525,670
8,790
74,410
116,377,000
1,275,750

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all 2 .............................................................................
Upland ................................................................................
American Pima ....................................................................
Sugarbeets .............................................................................
Sugarcane ..............................................................................
Tobacco ..................................................................................

1.07
1.06
1.44
64.22
83.55
2.49

3,150,040
3,047,710
102,330
29,550,640
31,453,000
202,920

Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Chickpeas ...............................................................................
Dry edible beans .....................................................................
Dry edible peas .......................................................................
Lentils .....................................................................................

1.20
2.37
1.96
1.02

165,920
1,172,400
684,560
248,980

Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops .......................................................................................
Maple syrup ............................................................................
Mushrooms .............................................................................
Peppermint oil .........................................................................
Potatoes .................................................................................
Spearmint oil ...........................................................................

1.90
(NA)
(NA)
0.11
49.09
0.13

2.97

(NA)

3,795,650
348,750,930
116,634,020
102,331,350
43,506,770
58,824,580
836,860
213,260
7,274,170
312,460
4,769,960
5,136,480
44,902,320
30,037,980
1,741,280
13,123,060

45,940
24,720
318,600
1,520
17,791,840
750

30,929,510

20,900

(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Area planted for all purposes.
2
Total may not add due to rounding.

36

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Spring Weather Review
Highlights: The West’s frenetically stormy winter continued through March and into early April, followed by the return
of more typical conditions. Still, long-term Western drought was largely eradicated by mid-spring, except across the
region’s northern tier. According to the Drought Monitor, drought coverage in the western United States decreased to
17 percent by May 30, down from 54 percent at the end of February and 74 percent in late-September 2022. Similar
drought improvements were noted on a national scale, with coverage across the contiguous United States falling to
19 percent on May 30. Spring had begun with drought covering 38 percent of the Lower 48 States, following a 126-week
run—from September 29, 2020, to February 21, 2023—with coverage exceeding 40 percent.
However, early- to mid-spring precipitation largely bypassed a core drought area in the Nation’s mid-section, leaving
extreme to exceptional drought (D3 to D4) intact, mainly from eastern Nebraska into parts of Texas. The lack of rain,
following winter drought and temperature extremes, left a portion of the winter wheat crop in terrible shape. By May 30,
more than one-third (35 percent) of the Nation’s winter wheat crop was rated in very poor to poor condition, led by
Kansas at 69 percent. Other states reporting more than one-quarter of the winter wheat in very poor to poor condition on
that date were Nebraska (51 percent), Texas (40 percent), Colorado (39 percent), Oklahoma (27 percent), and Oregon
(27 percent).
During May, however, plentiful rain developed across the High Plains, with positive impacts on rangeland, pastures,
immature winter wheat, and emerging summer crops. Nationally, rangeland and pastures started the season on May 7
rated 37 percent very poor to poor, improving to 22 percent by May 28. On the later date, Kansas led the Nation with
51 percent of its rangeland and pastures rated very poor to poor, followed by Nebraska at 43 percent. Emerging drought in
the Northeast left 34 percent of Pennsylvania’s pastures in very poor to poor condition by May 28. In contrast, the West
benefited from the stormy winter and early spring, with rangeland and pastures rated at least one-half good to excellent on
May 28 in six states, led by California (90 percent).
Midwestern spring dryness favored corn and soybean planting but reduced topsoil moisture for crop emergence and
establishment. However, concerns were more acute west of the Mississippi River, where some longer-term drought issues
already existed. By May 28, nearly all (92 percent) of the intended national corn acreage had been planted, versus the
5-year average of 84 percent. Soybean planting also advanced quickly—compared to the 5-year average pace of
65 percent—with 83 percent of the national acreage planted by May 28.
Historical Perspective: According to preliminary data provided by the National Centers for Environmental Information,
the spring of 2023 featured near-normal temperatures and precipitation, based on national statistics. The contiguous
United States experienced its 46th-warmest, 61st-driest March-May period in the last 129 years. The national average
temperature of 51.5°F was 0.6°F above the 1901-2000 mean, while precipitation averaged 7.86 inches—99 percent of
normal.
State temperature rankings ranged from the 15th-coolest spring on record in North Dakota to the fourth-warmest spring in
Florida. Massachusetts joined Florida on the top-ten list for warmest springs. Meanwhile, state precipitation rankings
ranged from the ninth-driest spring in Maryland and Pennsylvania to the 20th-wettest spring in California. Kansas, with its
13th-driest spring, narrowly missed the top-ten list while experiencing its driest March-May period since 2014.
March: Drought continued to disappear at an incredibly fast pace across much of the country, although punishing
conditions persisted on the central and southern High Plains. Most of the severely drought-affected areas endured mostly
dry, windy March weather, leading to periods of blowing dust and a chronically elevated wildfire threat. By April 2, more
than one-third of the winter wheat was rated in very poor to poor condition in Kansas (57 percent), Texas (47 percent),
Oklahoma (40 percent), and Nebraska (38 percent). On the same date, only 28 percent of the Nation’s winter wheat was
rated in good to excellent condition, lowest since 1996, when the April 7 report showed 27 percent of the crop in those
two categories.
Topsoil moisture reports also highlighted the severity of the central and southern Plains’ drought. On April 2, topsoil
moisture was rated one-half to three-quarters very short to short in Kansas (73 percent), Texas (72 percent), New Mexico
(68 percent), Oklahoma (63 percent), and Nebraska (56 percent). Much of Florida’s peninsula was also very dry during
March, leading to a statewide value of 48 percent very short to short by April 2. In contrast, topsoil moisture on that date
was rated 40 to 60 percent surplus in portions of the mid-South, Midwest, and West, including Arkansas, California,
Nevada, Utah, and five Midwestern States east of the Mississippi River. Some of the wetness in the South and Midwest
Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

37

was accompanied by severe thunderstorms, especially on March 2-3, 24-26, and 31. Multiple deadly tornadoes occurred
on the 24th and 31st.
Although stormy weather covered much of the western and north-central United States in March, there were subtle
exceptions. For example, relatively dry weather prevailed along and near portions of the Canadian border, especially from
Washington into northwestern Montana. Farther south, however, the average water equivalency of the Sierra Nevada
snowpack topped 60 inches, according to the California Department of Water Resources, 235 percent of the normal
April 1 value. Snowpack in the southern Sierra Nevada, also greater than 60 inches and roughly three times normal,
surpassed the 1982-83 record value. Even with so much moisture still locked into the mountain snowpack, extensive
flooding affected parts of California. On March 11, the Pajaro River at Chittenden, California, achieved its highest crest
since February 1998. Along the same waterway, extensive levee breaks flooded the northern Monterey County
community of Pajaro, as well as neighboring agricultural land. Less than 2 weeks later in the San Joaquin Valley,
Tulare Lake basin began to fill, covering pastures, fields, and orchards, while threatening low-lying communities. The
historic lakebed, normally kept dry by a network of canals and levees, partially floods during and after extremely wet
seasons, such as 1968-69 and 1982-83.
The West’s stormy pattern, which also featured record-setting early-month snowfall in southern California and subsequent
recovery efforts, extended to other areas, such as the northern Plains and Midwest. Some locations in the north-central
United States, including Bismarck and Grand Forks, North Dakota, reported a continuous snow cover from November 10,
2022, through the end of March 2023. Minneapolis-Saint Paul, Minnesota, which had reported at least an inch of snow on
the ground each day since November 29, 2022, finally saw its coverage reduced to less than an inch (a trace) by March 26.
As late-winter storms continued to move across the northern Plains and upper Midwest, livestock producers faced
challenges during lambing and calving, which in North Dakota was 62 and 39 percent complete, respectively, by April 2.
Elsewhere, March was generally a dry month in the middle and northern Atlantic States, following a nearly snowless
winter from the Ohio Valley to the mid-Atlantic Coast. Farther south, a brief but sharp Southeastern cold snap peaked on
March 20-21, with freezes occurring as far south as the Gulf Coast in Alabama, Mississippi, and western Florida. Overall,
March was a warm month in the Deep South and along the Atlantic Seaboard, with temperatures averaging up to 5°F
above normal across peninsular Florida, but was unusually cold across the Plains, West, and upper Midwest. Monthly
temperatures averaged at least 10 to 15°F below normal in numerous locations from the Intermountain West to the
northern Plains.
April: For much of the month, cool Western weather limited the rate of melting snow. By May 1, the average water
equivalency of the Sierra Nevada snowpack stood near 50 inches, according to the California Department of Water
Resources, down about a foot from the seasonal peak of 62 inches. In late April, however, sudden heat led to increases in
Western streamflow and local flooding, as well as corresponding dam releases. Seasonably dry weather prevailed during
April in much of California, the Great Basin, and the Southwest, while occasional showers stretched from the
Pacific Northwest to the northern Rockies.
Farther east, snow was also slow to melt in parts of the north-central United States, helping to hold April temperatures 5 to
7°F below normal in North Dakota locations such as Bismarck, Dickinson, and Minot. The lingering snow cover,
accompanied by chilly conditions and low soil temperatures, delayed the onset of spring fieldwork. By April 30, only
19 percent of the Nation’s barley and 12 percent of the spring wheat had been planted, compared to respective 5-year
averages of 35 and 22 percent. Sugarbeet planting had not begun by the end of April in Minnesota and North Dakota.
Snow-melt flooding was observed in parts of the upper Midwest, primarily along the Red, James, and Big Sioux Rivers.
Significant flooding also occurred in the upper Mississippi Basin, where top-three crests were reported along the
Mississippi River in locations such as La Crosse, Wisconsin (3.89 feet above flood stage on April 26), and Dubuque, Iowa
(7.03 feet above flood stage on April 29). In those locations, higher crests were reported only in April 1965 and 2001.
In contrast, deeply entrenched drought persisted during April across the central and southern Plains, with adverse impacts
on rangeland, pastures, winter grains, and emerging summer crops. By April 30, nearly one-half (42 percent) of the
Nation’s winter wheat was rated in very poor to poor condition, led by Kansas (64 percent very poor to poor), Oklahoma
(61 percent), Texas (57 percent), and Nebraska (51 percent). North Platte, Nebraska—with monthly precipitation totaling
0.04 inch—tied a 1928 standard for its driest April on record. Additionally, Wichita, Kansas, received a March-April total
of 0.72 inch, the driest such period since 1936.

38

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Elsewhere, generally wet April weather prevailed across the South, while late-month downpours eased precipitation
deficits in the middle and northern Atlantic States. Despite the rain, Southern planting activities remained mostly at or
ahead of the normal pace. At the end of April, 63 percent of the intended national rice acreage and 15 percent of the cotton
had been planted, versus respective 5-year averages of 49 and 14 percent. In addition, there was sufficient warmth across
the eastern one-third of the United States to promote rapid development, including summer crop emergence. In fact, it was
the warmest April on record in few Eastern locations, including Burlington, Vermont; Newark, New Jersey; and
Brunswick, Georgia.
May: During May, atmospheric blocking resulted in unusual warmth across the North, especially from the
Pacific Northwest into the upper Midwest. In fact, it was the warmest May on record in some Pacific Northwestern
locations, fueled by an early-season heat wave peaking from May 11-20. Monthly temperatures averaged at least 5°F
above normal as far east as Minnesota. In contrast, cooler-than-normal conditions dominated the East, particularly the
middle Atlantic States. A brief, mid-month cold snap, peaking on May 17-18, caused some freeze injury to Northeastern
specialty crops, including apples and other tree fruits.
The same blocking high-pressure system responsible for Northern warmth contributed to record-shattering dryness in
parts of the Midwest and Northeast. Monthly rainfall totaling less than one-quarter inch marked the lowest May values on
record in locations such as Omaha, Nebraska (0.17 inch), and Reading Pennsylvania (0.09 inch). By May 28, topsoil
moisture rated very short to short climbed to 80 percent in Pennsylvania and 78 percent in Maryland. On the same date,
topsoil moisture was rated at least 40 percent very short to short in all Midwestern States except Minnesota and
North Dakota, led by Michigan (68 percent) and Missouri (62 percent). However, Northern warmth and dryness also
promoted a rapid fieldwork pace, following earlier planting delays related to melting snow and low air and soil
temperatures. For example, nearly all the northern Plains’ sugarbeets were seeded in the 2-week period ending May 21,
with North Dakota’s planting progress advancing from 1 to 90 percent complete.
Meanwhile, copious rain fell on the High Plains from Montana to Texas, especially during the mid- to late-month period.
Borger, Texas, experienced its wettest month and May on record, with 9.70 inches—a value boosted by totals of at least
an inch on May 3, 14, 17, and 18. However, significant rain bypassed portions of the central and southern Plains.
Correspondingly, Kansas led the Nation on May 28 with 51 percent of its rangeland and pastures rated very poor to poor,
followed by Nebraska at 43 percent. Additionally, late-spring rainfall on the central and southern Plains largely arrived
too late to benefit winter wheat. On May 28, more than two-thirds (69 percent) of the winter wheat in Kansas was rated in
very poor to poor condition, followed by Nebraska (51 percent) and Texas (40 percent).
Farther west, recovery from a drought that had lasted up to 3 years neared completion, aside from storage in larger
reservoirs. In California, runoff from earlier precipitation and melting snow led to ongoing flooding in the normally dry
Tulare Lake basin, idling agricultural land and flooding low-lying communities in portions of the San Joaquin Valley. By
the end of May, approximately one-third of the Sierra Nevada snowpack—containing more than 20 inches of liquid
equivalency—had not yet melted, portending additional challenges for Western water managers contending with this
year’s heavy runoff. Meanwhile along the Colorado River, the surface elevation of Lake Mead—above Hoover Dam—
rose to 1,054.28 feet by the end of May, up 13.36 feet from the end-of-month record low set on July 31, 2022. Farther
north, however, patchy short-term drought began to re-emerge during May across roughly the northern one-third of the
West, amid warmer-than-normal conditions. Some of the dryness was reflected by Oregon’s statistics, which indicated
that topsoil moisture was rated 60 percent very short to short by May 28. Elsewhere, much of the Deep South received
ample rain during May, maintaining generally favorable conditions for pastures and summer crops. In fact, some
previously dry areas, including Florida’s peninsula, received beneficial May rainfall.
Crop Comments
Corn: The 2023 corn planted area for all purposes is estimated at 94.1 million acres, up 6 percent from last year. This
represents the third highest planted acreage in the United States since 1944. Growers expect to harvest 86.3 million acres
for grain, up 9 percent from last year. Record low planted area is estimated in Massachusetts and Rhode Island, and record
high planted area is estimated in Arizona, Idaho, Nevada, and South Dakota. Farmers responding to the survey indicated
that 2.49 million acres of the estimated corn acreage remain to be planted at the time of the interview.

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

39

By April 2, producers had planted 2 percent of the Nation’s corn crop, equal to both last year and the 5-year average. By
April 9, producers had planted 3 percent of the Nation’s corn crop, 1 percentage point ahead of both last year and the
5-year average. By April 16, producers had planted 8 percent of the Nation’s corn crop, 4 percentage points ahead of last
year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By April 23, producers had planted 14 percent of the Nation’s
corn crop, 7 percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Three percent of the
Nation’s corn acreage had emerged by April 23, one percentage point ahead of both the previous year and the 5-year
average. By April 30, producers had planted 26 percent of the Nation’s corn crop, 13 percentage points ahead of last year
but equal to the 5-year average. Six percent of the Nation’s corn acreage had emerged by April 30, three percentage points
ahead of the previous year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average.
By May 7, producers had planted 49 percent of the Nation’s corn crop, 28 percentage points ahead of last year and
7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Twelve percent of the Nation’s corn acreage had emerged by May 7,
seven percentage points ahead of the previous year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. By May 14,
producers had planted 65 percent of the Nation’s corn crop, 20 percentage points ahead of last year and 6 percentage
points ahead of the 5-year average. Thirty percent of the Nation’s corn acreage had emerged by May 14,
seventeen percentage points ahead of the previous year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 21,
producers had planted 81 percent of the Nation’s corn crop, 12 percentage points ahead of last year and 6 percentage
points ahead of the 5-year average. Fifty-two percent of the Nation’s corn acreage had emerged by May 21,
seventeen percentage points ahead of the previous year and 7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 28,
producers had planted 92 percent of the Nation’s corn crop, 8 percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year
average. Seventy-two percent of the Nation’s corn acreage had emerged by May 28, fourteen percentage points ahead of
the previous year and 9 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On May 28, sixty-nine percent of the Nation’s corn
acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 4 percentage points below the previous year.
By June 4, producers had planted 96 percent of the Nation’s corn crop, 3 percentage points ahead of last year and
5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Eighty-five percent of the Nation’s corn acreage had emerged by June 4,
nine percentage points ahead of the previous year and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
Ninety-three percent of the Nation’s corn acreage had emerged by June 11, six percentage points ahead of both the
previous year and the 5-year average. Ninety-six percent of the Nation’s corn acreage had emerged by June 18,
two percentage points ahead of both the previous year and the 5-year average. On June 18, fifty-five percent of the corn
acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 15 percentage points below the previous year.
Ninety-three percent of this year’s corn acreage was planted with biotechnology seed varieties, the same as last year.
Biotechnology seed includes traits for insect resistance (Bt), herbicide resistance, or stacked gene which contains traits for
both herbicide and insect resistance.
Sorghum: Growers planted 6.81 million acres of sorghum for all purposes in 2023, up 8 percent from last year. Kansas
and Texas, the leading sorghum-producing States, account for 77 percent of the United States acreage. Growers expect to
harvest 5.94 million acres for grain, up 30 percent from last year.
Seventy-three percent of the Nation’s sorghum acreage was planted by June 18, five percentage points behind the
previous year and 9 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By June 18, fifteen percent of the Nation’s sorghum
acreage had reached the headed stage, equal to last year but 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. Sixty percent of
the Nation’s sorghum acreage was rated in good to excellent condition on June 18, three percentage points above the
previous week and 14 percentage points above the previous year.
Oats: Area expected to be seeded to oats for the 2023 crop year is estimated at 2.51 million acres, down 3 percent from
2022. Planted acreage is down in 17 of the 23 major producing States compared to last year. Harvested acres, forecast at
794,000 acres, is down 11 percent from 2022. If realized, the United States planted area will be the lowest on record.
Record low planted acreage is expected in California, Minnesota, Ohio, Texas, and Wisconsin.
Nationally, oat producers seeded 25 percent of this year’s acreage by April 2, on pace with both last year and the
5-year average. By April 30, producers had seeded 49 percent of this year’s acreage, 5 percentage points ahead of last year
but 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Seventy-five percent of the oat acreage was emerged by May 28,
40

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

six percentage points ahead of last year but 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Fifty-eight percent of the oat
crop was headed by June 18, seventeen percentage points ahead of last year and 10 percentage points ahead of the
5-year average. As of June 18, forty-five percent of the oat acreage was reported in good to excellent condition,
fifteen percentage points lower than the percent rated in these two crop condition categories at the same time last year.
Barley: Producers seeded 3.36 million acres of barley for the 2023 crop year, up 14 percent from the previous year.
Harvested area, forecast at 2.53 million acres, is up 4 percent from 2022.
Nationwide, 92 percent of the barley acreage was sown by June 4, two percentage points ahead of last year but
3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Twenty-one percent of the Nation’s barley acreage had reached the headed
stage by June 25, four percentage points ahead of last year but 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. On June 25,
forty-six percent of the Nation’s barley acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 7 percentage points below the
same time last year.
Winter wheat: The 2023 winter wheat planted area is estimated at 37.0 million acres, down 1 percent from the previous
estimate but up 11 percent from last year. Of the total planted acreage, approximately 25.7 million acres are
Hard Red Winter, 7.66 million acres are Soft Red Winter, and 3.68 million acres are White Winter. Much of the
Central Plains and Ohio Valley States are expecting increased planted acres from 2022. If realized, Utah will have a
record low planted area.
Area harvested for grain is forecast at 25.7 million acres, up 2 percent from the previous forecast and up 10 percent from
last year. As of June 25, harvest was 24 percent complete, 9 percentage points behind the 5-year average pace. Producers
expect to harvest 70 percent of the planted acres for grain. If realized, this harvest ratio would be the lowest since 1933.
Dry conditions in Kansas, Nebraska, and Oklahoma are factoring into the increased abandonment. Producers in Utah are
expecting a record low harvested area.
As of June 25, the winter wheat condition rating in Kansas, the leading wheat-producing State, was 16 percent good to
excellent. Harvest in Kansas was 21 percent complete, as of June 25, seventeen percentage points behind the 5-year
average pace.
Durum wheat: Area seeded to Durum wheat for 2023 is estimated at 1.48 million acres, down 9 percent from 2022. Of
the five estimating States, four States expect to be down from last year. Area harvested for grain is expected to total
1.43 million acres, down 10 percent from last year. As of June 25, harvest in Arizona was 81 percent complete,
8 percentage points behind last year but the same as the 5-year average pace.
Other spring wheat: Growers intend to plant 11.1 million acres of other spring wheat, up 3 percent from 2022. Of this
total, about 10.5 million acres are Hard Red Spring wheat. Planted area in North Dakota, the largest spring
wheat-producing State, is estimated at 5.60 million acres, up 6 percent from last year. As of June 25, thirty-one percent of
the Nation’s spring wheat acreage was headed, 24 percentage points ahead of last year and 6 percentage points ahead of
the 5-year average. Despite the late start to planting in North Dakota, crop development is well ahead of last year and
slightly ahead of the 5-year average as of June 25.
Harvested area is expected to total 10.6 million acres, up 1 percent from last year. As of June 25, fifty percent of the
acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, a decrease of 9 percent from the same time last year.
Rye: The 2023 planted area for rye is estimated at 2.35 million acres, up 8 percent from 2022. Harvested area is expected
to total 405,000 acres, up 19 percent from last year. In Oklahoma, 60 percent of the rye acreage was harvested by June 25,
nine percentage points behind last year and eight percentage points behind the 5-year average pace.
Rice: Area planted to rice in 2023 is expected to total 2.69 million acres, up 21 percent from 2022. Area for harvest is
forecast at 2.65 million acres, up 22 percent from last year. Long grain rice planted area increased 10 percent from last
year. Planted acreage in Arkansas, the largest long grain rice-producing State, is expected to be up 15 percent from last
year. Nationally, medium grain acres increased by 70 percent from 2022. California, the largest medium and short
grain-producing State, increased medium grain acres by 98 percent in 2023 and increased short grain acres by 10 percent.
Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

41

Short grain area, estimated at 33,000 acres for the Nation, is up 10 percent, or 3,000 acres, compared to the 2022 planted
acres. As of June 25, seventy percent of the rice acreage was rated in good to excellent condition compared with
seventy-three percent at the same time last year.
Proso millet: Area planted to proso millet in 2023 is estimated at 705,000 acres, up 68,000 acres from 2022. Nebraska
and South Dakota planted acreage is up from last year. Colorado planted acreage is down from the previous year.
Planting progress in Colorado was 54 percent complete as of the week ending June 18, behind last year’s 58 percent
complete.
Hay: Producers intend to harvest 52.0 million acres of all hay in 2023, up 5 percent from 2022. Alfalfa harvested acreage
is expected to be 15.7 million acres, up 5 percent from 2022. All other hay (excluding alfalfa) is expected to be up
5 percent from last year, at 36.3 million acres.
For all hay harvested area, record lows are expected in Colorado and Delaware.
Soybeans: The 2023 soybean planted area is estimated at 83.5 million acres, down 5 percent from last year. Compared
with last year, planted acreage is down in 20 major producing States. Area for harvest, forecast at 82.7 million acres, is
down 4 percent from 2022. If realized, this will be the 5th highest planted and 6th highest harvested soybean acreage on
record. Record high planted area is estimated in New York. Farmers responding to the survey indicated that
8.22 million acres of the estimated soybean acreage remained to be planted at the time of the interview.
Nationwide, 4 percent of the soybean acreage was planted by April 16, three percentage points ahead of last year and the
5-year average. Planting was most active in the Delta at that time, with Mississippi at 23 percent, Louisiana at 30 percent,
and Arkansas at 19 percent planted. On April 30, nineteen percent of the soybeans were planted, 12 percentage points
ahead of last year and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 7, nine percent of the Nation’s soybean
acreage had emerged, 6 percentage points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
Nationally, 36 percent of the soybean acreage was emerged by May 21, seventeen percentage points ahead of last year and
12 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 11, ninety-six percent of soybean acreage was planted with
86 percent emerged. On June 18, ninety-two percent of the soybeans were emerged, 11 percentage points ahead of last
year and the 5-year average. At that time, 54 percent of the acres were reported in good to excellent condition.
Peanuts: Planted area is estimated at 1.58 million acres in 2023, up 9 percent from 2022. Area for harvest is estimated at
1.54 million acres in 2023, up 11 percent from last year. In Georgia, the largest peanut-producing State, planted area is up
11 percent from 2022. As of June 25, sixty-nine percent of the acreage was rated in good to excellent condition compared
to fifty-nine percent at the same time last year.
Sunflower: Area planted to sunflowers in 2023 totals 1.35 million acres, down 20 percent from 2022. This represents the
third lowest planted area for the Nation since 1976. Compared with last year, growers in all eight of the major
sunflower-producing States showed a decrease in planted acreage this year, with four of the States decreasing by
20 percent or more. The State with the largest decline in acreage from last year is South Dakota, where planted area
decreased 192,000 acres compared with last year. North Dakota is also showing a large decline compared with last year,
with planted area down 92,000 acres from the previous year. Harvested area for sunflower is forecast at 1.29 million
acres, a decrease of 20 percent from last year. Planted area in both California and Colorado are the lowest on record.
Planted area of oil type varieties, at 1.18 million acres, is down 24 percent from 2022. This represents the sixth lowest
planted area on record for the Nation. Compared with last year, planted area of oil type varieties is down more than
30 percent in Colorado, Nebraska, and South Dakota. The planted area for oil type varieties is the lowest on record in
Colorado.
Area planted to non-oil varieties, estimated at 164,000 acres, is up 15 percent from last year but still represents the sixth
lowest on record for the Nation. Compared with last year, growers in five of the eight major sunflower-producing States
had increases or no change in planted acreage for non-oil varieties. The largest increase compared with last year occurred
in North Dakota, where planted acreage increased by 18,000 acres.
42

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Planting began in mid-May and progressed at a pace near to or ahead of the 5-year average in Colorado and the Dakotas
during the month of May but was behind the normal pace in Kansas. As of May 28, twenty-eight percent of the Nation’s
acreage had been planted, 9 percentage points ahead of last year’s pace and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year
average. At that time, planting progress was ahead of the normal pace in Colorado and South Dakota but was behind the
average pace in Kansas and North Dakota. As of May 28, planting progress in Kansas was 6 percentage points behind last
year’s pace and 12 percentage points behind normal. At that time, planting in North Dakota was 11 percentage points
ahead of last year’s pace but 3 percentage points behind normal. All four States made good progress during the first three
weeks of June, with planting progress reaching 88 percent complete by June 18, ten percentage points ahead of last year’s
pace and 7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
Canola: Planted area of canola is estimated at a record high 2.28 million acres in 2023, up 3 percent from last year’s
planted area. Area for harvest is forecast at 2.24 million acres, up 3 percent from last year. Planted area in North Dakota,
the leading canola-producing State, is up 6 percent from last year and is the highest area on record. Planted area in
Washington, at 155,000 acres, is a record high and the area forecast for harvest in the State will be a record high, if
realized. Compared with last year, planted area is down more than 10 percent in Minnesota and Montana, and down more
than 60 percent in Kansas and Oklahoma. Both planted and harvested area will be a record low in Kansas and Oklahoma,
if realized.
Flaxseed: Growers intend to plant 140,000 acres of flaxseed in 2023, a decrease of 47 percent from 2022 planted acres
and will represent the lowest total for the Nation since 1996, if realized. Planted acreage in North Dakota, the largest
flaxseed-producing State, is expected to be down 39 percent, or 65,000 acres from 2022 and will represent the lowest total
for the State since 1996, if realized. Planted acreage in Montana is expected to decrease 59 percent from the previous year.
Safflower: Area planted to safflower in 2023 is estimated at 143,000 acres, down 7,200 acres from 2022 and represents
the third lowest planted area for the Nation since records began in 1991. Area for harvest is forecast at 133,500 acres,
down 1,800 acres from last year. Compared with last year, planted acreage is down in three of the five major producing
States. The largest decline compared with last year is in California, where planted area is down 11,000 acres from 2022
and is the second lowest planted area on record. The largest increase compared with the previous year is in Utah, where
planted area is up 7,000 acres from last year’s record low level.
Other oilseeds: Planted area of mustard seed for the Nation is estimated at a record high 240,000 acres, up 9 percent from
2022. Mustard seed area for harvest is forecast at a record high 228,500 acres, up 26 percent from the previous year.
Acreage planted to rapeseed is estimated at 15,500 acres, up 4,600 acres from 2022. Harvested rapeseed area is forecast at
14,100 acres, up 3,700 acres from last year. Planted and harvested area for the Nation will both be the second highest on
record for rapeseed since records began in 1991, if realized.
Cotton: Growers planted 11.1 million acres in 2023, down 19 percent from last year. Upland area is estimated at
11.0 million acres, down 19 percent from 2022. American Pima area is estimated at 109,000 acres, down 40 percent from
2022.
Compared with last year, Upland planted area decreased in 16 of the 17 major cotton-producing States. The largest
decrease is in Texas, where Upland planted acreage decreased by 1.75 million acres from last year. In addition to Texas,
the three States of Arkansas, Mississippi, and Oklahoma are also showing a decrease of 100,000 acres or more compared
with last year.
Nationwide, 89 percent of the cotton crop was planted by June 18, six percentage points behind the previous year and
5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Nineteen percent of the Nation’s cotton acreage had reached the squaring
stage by June 18, two percentage points behind both last year and the 5-year average. On June 18, forty-seven percent of
the 2023 cotton acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 2 percentage points below the previous week but
7 percentage points above the previous year.

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

43

Producers planted 97 percent of their acreage with seed varieties developed using biotechnology, up 2 percentage points
from last year. Varieties containing insect resistance (Bt) were planted on 3 percent of the acreage, no change from 2022.
Herbicide resistant varieties were planted on 8 percent of the acreage, up 2 percentage points from last year. Stacked gene
varieties, those containing both insect and herbicide resistance, were planted on 86 percent of the acreage, unchanged
from a year ago.
Sugarbeets: Area planted to sugarbeets for the 2023 crop year is estimated at 1.13 million acres, down 3 percent from
2022. Harvested area is forecasted at 1.11 million acres, down 2 percent from last year.
In Minnesota, by the end of May, planting was virtually complete, ahead of the 5-year average of 90 percent. In
North Dakota, by the end of May, planting was at 99 percent, ahead of the 5-year average of 90 percent.
Sugarcane: Harvested area of sugarcane for sugar and seed in the United States is forecast at 922,000 acres for the
2023 crop year, down 1 percent from last year. Growers in Louisiana, the largest growing State in terms of harvested
acres, are expected to harvest 505,000 acres, or 55 percent of the Nation’s acreage. As of the week ending June 18,
seventy-one percent of the crop in Louisiana was rated as good to excellent.
Tobacco: United States all tobacco area for harvest in 2023 is expected to total 193,280 acres, down 4 percent from 2022.
If realized, this will be the second lowest tobacco harvested area on record. Flue-cured tobacco, at 134,400 acres, is
down 4 percent from 2022 and accounts for 70 percent of this year’s total expected tobacco acreage. Total light air-cured
tobacco type area, at 33,480 acres, is up 3 percent from 2022. The burley portion of light air-cured tobacco, at
33,420 acres, is up 3 percent from last year. Fire-cured tobacco, at 13,600 acres, is down 16 percent from 2022.
Dark air-cured tobacco, at 8,100 acres, is down 15 percent from last year. Cigar filler tobacco, at 3,700 acres, is
up 3 percent from the previous year.
Dry edible beans: Area planted for dry edible beans in 2023 is estimated at 1.21 million acres, down 3 percent from last
year. Area harvested is forecast to total 1.17 million acres, down 5 percent from last year. Seven of the nine estimating
States show a decrease in area planted for dry edible beans compared to last year.
Chickpeas: Area planted for all chickpeas for the 2023 crop year is estimated at 387,000 acres, up 10 percent from the
previous year. Area harvested for all chickpeas is forecast at 374,600 acres, 10 percent above 2022. Small chickpea area
planted is estimated at 99,500 acres, up 25 percent from 2022. Area harvested for small chickpeas is forecast
at 96,400 acres, up 22 percent from the previous year. Area planted for large chickpeas in 2023 is estimated
at 287,500 acres, up 5 percent from the previous year. Large chickpea area harvested is forecast at 278,200 acres,
up 6 percent from 2022.
Lentils: Area planted for the 2023 crop year is estimated at 533,000 acres, down 19 percent from the previous season.
Area harvested is forecast to total 487,000 acres, down 19 percent from the previous season. All estimating States show a
decrease in area planted compared to last year. As of the week ending June 18, ninety-one percent of Montana’s crop has
emerged.
Dry edible peas: Area planted for the 2023 crop year is estimated at 999,000 acres, up 9 percent from the previous
season. Area harvested is forecasted to total 934,000 acres, up 8 percent from the previous season. As of the
week ending June 18, crop emergence has reached 94 percent in Montana.
Potatoes: Area planted to potatoes in 2023 is estimated at 949,000 acres, up 5 percent from 2022. Harvested area is
forecast at 941,900 acres, up 5 percent from the previous year. United States Planted area will be the highest since 2019, if
realized.
In Idaho, planted acres will be the highest since 2012. Planting was behind last year, but potatoes are emerging earlier
with ninety-one percent of the crop emerged as of June 18. In Washington, planting started behind last year, but potatoes
are emerging ahead of last year with 95 percent emerged compared to 88 percent last year.

44

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Statistical Methodology
Survey procedures: The estimates of planted and harvested acreages in this report are based primarily on surveys
conducted during the first 2 weeks of June. These surveys are based on a probability area frame survey with a sample of
approximately 9,100 segments or parcels of land (average approximately 1 square mile) and a probability list frame
survey with a sample of approximately 63,700 farm operators. Enumerators conducting the probability area frame survey
contact all farmers having operations within the sampled segments of land and account for their operations. From these
data, estimates can be calculated. For the probability list frame survey, data from operators was collected by mail, internet,
telephone, or personal interview to obtain information on these operations. Responses from the probability list frame
survey sample plus data from the probability area frame survey sample of operations that were not on the list to be
sampled are combined to provide another estimate of planted and harvested acreages.
Estimating procedures: National, Regional, State, and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and
consistency with historical estimates. Each Regional Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the
Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). Survey data are compiled to the National level and are reviewed at this level
independently of each State’s review. Acreage estimates were based on survey data and the historical relationship of
official estimates to survey data.
Revision policy: Estimates of acres for barley, oats, and wheat are subject to revision in the August Crop Production
report. Acres for chickpeas, corn, cotton, dry edible peas, lentils, peanuts, rice, sorghum, soybeans, and sugarbeets are
subject for revision in the September Crop Production report each year. Barley, oat, rye, and wheat end-of-season
estimates are made in the Small Grains Annual report at the end of September. Canola, dry edible beans, and sunflower
acres are subject to revision in the October Crop Production report. Potato acres are subject to revision in the November
Crop Production report. End-of-season estimates for all other row crops are made in the Annual Crop Production
Summary in January. Following the marketing year revisions are made if the balance sheet or other administrative data
warrant changes. Revisions to planted acres will only be made when either special survey data, administrative data, such
as Farm Service Agency program “sign up” data, or remote sensing data are available. Harvested acres may be revised
any time a production forecast is made if there is strong evidence that the intended harvested area has changed since the
last forecast. Estimates will also be reviewed following the 5-year Census of Agriculture. No revisions will be made after
that date.
Reliability: The survey used to make acreage estimates is subject to sampling and non-sampling type errors that are
common to all surveys. Both types of errors for major crops generally are between 1.0 and 6.0 percent. Sampling errors
represent the variability between estimates that would result if many different samples were surveyed at the same time.
Sampling errors cannot be applied directly to the acreage published in this report to determine confidence intervals since
the official estimates represent a composite of information from more than a single source. The relative standard errors
from the 2023 area frame survey for United States planted acres were: barley 11.2 percent, corn 1.2 percent,
Upland cotton 3.5 percent, sorghum 6.8 percent, soybeans 1.3 percent, other spring wheat 4.6 percent, and winter wheat
2.4 percent.
The biotechnology estimates are also subject to sampling variability because all operations planting biotech varieties are
not included in the sample. The variability for the 48 corn States, as measured by the relative standard error at the United
States level, is approximately 0.4 percent for all biotech varieties, 8.5 percent for insect resistant (Bt) only varieties,
4.8 percent for herbicide resistant only varieties, and 0.6 percent for stacked gene varieties. This means that chances are
approximately 95 out of 100 that survey estimates will be within plus or minus 0.8 percent for all biotech varieties,
17.0 percent for insect resistant (Bt) varieties, 9.6 percent for herbicide resistant varieties, and 1.2 percent for stacked gene
varieties. Variability for the 29 soybean States is approximately 0.3 percent for herbicide resistant varieties. Variability for
the 17 Upland cotton States is approximately 0.6 percent for all biotech varieties, 18.4 percent for insect resistant (Bt)
varieties, 11.8 percent for herbicide resistant varieties, and 1.4 percent for stacked gene varieties.
Non-sampling errors cannot be measured directly. They may occur due to incorrect reporting and/or recording, data
omissions or duplications, and errors in processing. To minimize non-sampling errors, vigorous quality controls are used
in the data collection process and all data are carefully reviewed for consistency and reasonableness.

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

45

A method of evaluating the reliability of acreage estimates in this report is the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical
measure based on past performances shown below for selected crops. This is computed by expressing the deviations
between the planted acreage estimates and the final estimates as a percent of the final estimates and averaging the squared
percentage deviations for the 2003-2022 twenty-year period; the square root of this average becomes statistically the
"Root Mean Square Error.” Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current estimates
relative to the final estimates assuming that factors affecting this year's estimate are not different from those influencing
the past 20 years.
For example, the "Root Mean Square Error" for the corn planted estimate is 1.1 percent. This means that chances are 2 out
of 3 that the current corn acreage will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 1.1 percent. Chances are
9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 1.9 percent.
Also, shown in the table is a 20-year record for selected crops of the difference between the mid-year planted acres
estimate and the final estimates. Using corn again as an example, changes between the mid-year estimates and the final
estimates during the past 20 years have averaged 809,000 acres, ranging from 39,000 acres to 2.01 million acres. The
mid-year planted acres have been below the final estimate 5 times and above 15 times. This does not imply that the
mid-year planted estimate this year is likely to understate or overstate the final estimate.

Reliability June Planted Acreage Estimates
[Based on data for the past twenty years]

Crop

Root mean
square error

(percent)
Barley .........................................
Corn ............................................
Hay 1
Alfalfa 1 .....................................
Other 1 ......................................
Oats ............................................
Peanuts ......................................
Potatoes .....................................
Rice ............................................
Sorghum .....................................
Soybeans ....................................
Sugarbeets .................................
Sugarcane 1 ................................
Upland cotton ..............................
Wheat
Winter wheat .............................
Durum wheat ............................
Other spring ..............................

Difference between forecast
and final estimate

90 percent
confidence
interval

Thousand acres
Average

(percent)

Smallest

Years
Largest

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

Below
final

Above
final

(number)

(number)

3.5
1.1

6.0
1.9

90
809

1
39

251
2,014

6
5

14
15

4.0
2.8
5.6
4.5
1.1
3.6
6.9
1.7
0.8
2.0
3.7

7.0
4.9
9.7
7.8
1.9
6.2
12.0
2.9
1.3
3.4
6.4

515
889
141
58
8
84
393
949
7
15
351

14
21
24
2
1
1
20
32
(Z)
3
8

2,032
2,116
281
149
30
206
1,133
3,940
19
33
1,257

5
4
6
13
11
12
9
6
10
8
12

15
16
14
7
9
8
11
14
10
12
8

1.5
10.5
3.4

2.7
18.2
5.8

472
154
292

5
3
2

1,147
388
1,283

4
8
9

16
12
11

(Z) Less than half of the unit shown.
1
Harvested acreage.

46

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Information Contacts
Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact
for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to [email protected]
Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch ....................................................................................................... (202) 720-2127
Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section ......................................................................................... (202) 720-2127
Irwin Anolik – Crop Progress and Condition .................................................................................. (202) 720-7621
Joshua Bates – Hemp, Oats, Soybeans............................................................................................. (202) 690-3234
Natasha Bruton – Barley, Cotton System Consumption and Stocks, Grain Crushings ................... (202) 690-1042
David Colwell – Fats and Oils, Flour Milling Products................................................................... (202) 720-8800
Michelle Harder – County Estimates, Hay ...................................................................................... (202) 690-8533
James Johanson – Rye, Wheat ......................................................................................................... (202) 720-8068
Greg Lemmons – Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet ............................................................................... (202) 720-9526
Becky Sommer – Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum ..................................................................... (202) 720-5944
Travis Thorson – Sunflower, Other Oilseeds ................................................................................... (202) 720-7369
Lihan Wei – Peanuts, Rice ............................................................................................................... (202) 720-7688
Fleming Gibson, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section ................................................ (202) 720-2127
Deonne Holiday – Almonds, Asparagus, Carrots, Coffee, Cranberries, Onions,
Plums, Prunes, Sweet Corn, Tobacco ........................................................................................ (202) 720-4288
Robert Little – Apricots, Dry Beans, Lettuce, Macadamia, Maple Syrup,
Nectarines, Pears, Snap Beans, Spinach, Tomatoes .................................................................. (202) 720-3250
Krishna Rizal – Artichokes, Cauliflower, Celery, Garlic, Grapefruit, Kiwifruit,
Lemons, Mandarins and tangerines, Mint, Mushrooms, Olives,
Oranges, Pistachios.................................................................................................................... (202) 720-5412
Chris Singh – Apples, Blueberries, Cucumbers, Hazelnuts, Potatoes, Pumpkins,
Raspberries, Squash, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes ............................ (202) 720-4285
Antonio Torres – Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Green Peas, Honeydews, Lentils,
Papayas, Peaches, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Walnuts, Watermelons ............................... (202) 720-2157
Chris Wallace – Avocados, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cabbage, Chickpeas,
Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Grapes, Hops, Pecans ........................................................ (202) 720-4215

Acreage (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

47

Access to NASS Reports
For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways:
➢ All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov.
➢ Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e-mail subscription. To set-up this free
subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on “National” or “State” in upper right corner above “search”
box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive.
➢ Cornell’s Mann Library has launched a new website housing NASS’s and other agency’s archived reports. The
new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. All email subscriptions containing reports will be sent from the new
website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. To continue receiving the reports via e-mail, you will have to go to the
new website, create a new account and re-subscribe to the reports. If you need instructions to set up an account or
subscribe, they are located at: https://usda.library.cornell.edu/help. You should whitelist [email protected] in your email client to avoid the emails going into spam/junk folders.
For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540,
7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: [email protected].
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for
employment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where
applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's
income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic information in employment or in any program
or activity conducted or funded by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs and/or
employment activities.)
If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination, complete the USDA Program Discrimination
Complaint Form (PDF), found online at www.ascr.usda.gov/filing-program-discrimination-complaint-usda-customer, or
at any USDA office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may also write a letter containing all of the
information requested in the form. Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Director, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax
(202) 690-7442 or email at [email protected].