NAWCA U.S. Small Grants - reports - (private sector)

U. S. GRANT ADMINISTRATION
STANDARDS

North American Wetlands Conservation Act
and
Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act

JANUARY 2006

U.S. GRANT ADMINISTRATION STANDARDS—JANUARY 2006

North American Wetlands Conservation Act and Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act

A. APPLICABILITY AND AUTHORITIES............................................................................................ 4

A-1

To what do these Standards apply?............................................................................................. 4

A-2

What laws and regulations govern a North American Wetlands Conservation Act (NAWCA) or

a Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act (NMBCA) grant? ............................................ 4

B. GRANT AGREEMENT......................................................................................................................... 4

B-1

What constitutes a Grant Agreement?......................................................................................... 4

B-2

What Certifications and Assurances are required?..................................................................... 4

B-3

At what point has the Recipient entered into a binding agreement? ........................................... 4

B-4

Who has the authority to terminate the Grant Agreement?......................................................... 5

C. REPORTS AND OTHER DOCUMENTATION................................................................................. 5

C-1

What reports and other documents are required before the Grant Agreement is executed?....... 5

C-2

What reports and other documentation does the Recipient have to provide during the funding

period? ........................................................................................................................................ 5

C-3

What reports and other documentation must the Recipient provide at the end of the funding

period? ........................................................................................................................................ 6

C-4

What reports and other documentation must the Recipient provide at the end of the funding

period? ........................................................................................................................................ 6

C-5

What information must be included in a final performance report? ........................................... 6

D. FINANCIAL ADMINSTRATION........................................................................................................ 7

D-1

What is the funding period? ........................................................................................................ 7

D-2

May the Recipient or subrecipient incur pre-agreement costs before the funding period?......... 7

D-3

When must grant funds and matching contributions be obligated? ............................................ 7

D-4

Does the Recipient or subrecipient have to complete all the work on the project during the

funding period? ........................................................................................................................... 7

D-5

Is the use of matching contributions subject to the same requirements as the use of grant

funds?. ......................................................................................................................................... 8

D-6

What is allowable match for a NMBCA project in the United States? ........................................ 8

D-7

If the Recipient or subrecipient generates match contributions in excess of the Project's

approved match-grant ratio, may this be used as match in a future grant?................................ 8

D-8

How old can matching in-kind contributions be?........................................................................ 8

D-9

What documentation is required to ensure compliance with Section 106 of the National

Historic Preservation Act for matching in-kind contributions acquired or performed before the

FWS receives a NAWCA Proposal (matching in-kind contributions are not eligible for a

NMBCA proposal)? ..................................................................................................................... 9

D-10

Are acquisition costs that are incurred before the FWS receives the Proposal and used as

matching in-kind contributions (ineligible in NMBCA grants) subject to the relocation

assistance and real property acquisition requirements of 49 CFR, Part 24? ............................. 9

D-11

What constitutes satisfactory compliance with matching commitments? .................................... 9

D-12

Who may contribute matching cash or, for NAWCA only, in-kind contributions to a project? .. 9

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U.S. GRANT ADMINISTRATION STANDARDS—JANUARY 2006

North American Wetlands Conservation Act and Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act

D-13

What is program income? ........................................................................................................... 9

D-14

Should “net” or “gross” income be used when calculating and reporting program income? ... 9

D-15

How may the Recipient use program income? .......................................................................... 10

D-16

How is income generated outside the funding period handled?................................................ 10

D-17

What can the Recipient or subrecipient acquire using grant funds?......................................... 10

D-18

Are indirect costs, facilities costs, and direct overhead and administrative costs allowable?.. 10

D-19

How will the Recipient receive Federal funds? ......................................................................... 10

D-20

What funds must be spent before the Recipient may draw down grant funds?.......................... 10

D-21

Must the Recipient deposit Federal cash advances in interest-bearing accounts separate from

other funds?............................................................................................................................... 11

D-22

May the Recipient keep the interest earned on Federal cash advances? .................................. 11

D-23

How long does a Recipient have to disburse or refund money obtained as a Federal cash

advance?.................................................................................................................................... 11

E. EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES .......................................................................................................... 12

E-1

May the Recipient or subrecipient purchase and manage equipment with grant or match funds?

................................................................................................................................................... 12

E-2

May the Recipient or subrecipient replace and dispose of equipment obtained with grant funds?

................................................................................................................................................... 12

E-3

How often must the Recipient or subrecipient inventory equipment? ....................................... 12

E-4

May the Recipient or subrecipient dispose of supplies and other expendable property

purchased with grant or matching funds? ................................................................................. 13

F. REAL PROPERTY ACQUISITION .................................................................................................. 13

F-1

What costs of acquiring real property can the Recipient or subrecipient pay with grant or
matching funds? ........................................................................................................................ 13

F-2

When does the Recipient or subrecipient incur the costs of acquiring real property?............. 13

F-3

May condemnation proceedings be used to purchase lands in NAWCA or NMBCA projects? 14

F-4

What notice must be provided to a seller?................................................................................. 14

F-5

What if the Recipient or subrecipient fails to provide the required notice? .............................. 14

F-6

Are appraisals required?........................................................................................................... 15

F-7

What constitutes an acceptable appraisal? ............................................................................... 15

F-8

Must appraisals be reviewed? ................................................................................................... 15

F-9

Must the Recipient or subrecipient pay market value for real property? .................................. 15

F-10

May the Recipient or subrecipient purchase real property subject to leases or occupied by

tenants? ..................................................................................................................................... 15

F-11

Do relocation requirements apply if the price is set before the FWS receives the proposal, but

the title is transferred after the FWS receives the proposal? .................................................... 16

F-12

What documents must be submitted when acquiring an interest in real property? ................... 16

F-13

What recorded notices are required for real property included in a Project?.......................... 17

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U.S. GRANT ADMINISTRATION STANDARDS—JANUARY 2006

North American Wetlands Conservation Act and Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act

F-14

Can the Recipient or subrecipient be reimbursed with grant funds if title is transferred before

the FWS receives the proposal? ................................................................................................ 17

F-15

Must the Recipient or subrecipient record deeds, leases, easements or other conveyance

documents?................................................................................................................................ 17

F-16

Can the Recipient or subrecipient obtain a waiver of these land acquisition requirements?.... 17

G. PROPERTY MANAGEMENT........................................................................................................... 17

G-1

Does the Recipient or subrecipient have continuing obligations to manage property acquired

through a Grant Agreement?..................................................................................................... 17

G-2

May the Recipient or subrecipient encumber, sell, or transfer some or all of the interests in real

property acquired through a Grant Agreement?....................................................................... 18

G-3

For real property restored or enhanced under a Grant Agreement, how must the Recipient or

subrecipient manage the property? ........................................................................................... 18

G-4

How long must the Recipient or subrecipient manage restored or enhanced real property for

the Project purposes? ................................................................................................................ 18

H. MODIFICATIONS .............................................................................................................................. 18

H-1

Must the Recipient or subrecipient receive prior approval to depart from what is specified in
the Grant Agreement? ............................................................................................................... 18

H-2

May the Recipient extend the funding period? .......................................................................... 19

H-3

How does the Recipient obtain an extension? ........................................................................... 19

I. NONCOMPLIANCE............................................................................................................................. 20

I-1

What constitutes noncompliance with the Grant Agreement? ................................................... 20

I-2

What considerations are used to evaluate an instance of noncompliance with the Grant

Agreement?................................................................................................................................ 20

I-3

What are the potential consequences of noncompliance with the Grant Agreement?............... 20

I-4

What are the grounds for imposition of special administrative conditions during the funding

period? ...................................................................................................................................... 21

I-5

What special administrative conditions may be imposed during the funding period? .............. 21

I-6

What are the grounds for debarment and suspension of a Recipient from Federal financial and

non-financial assistance and benefits?...................................................................................... 22

I-7

What happens if the Recipient does not submit a Financial Status Report or a Performance

Report by the due date?............................................................................................................. 23

I-8

What are the penalties for an unpaid debt to the FWS?............................................................ 23

J. AUDITS AND MONITORING ............................................................................................................ 23

J-1

Must the Recipient or subrecipient arrange for an annual audit of Project expenditures? ...... 23

J-2

May the FWS conduct its own audit of a NAWCA- or NMBCA-funded project? ...................... 23

J-3

Does the FWS have the authority to inspect and monitor real property, equipment, and supplies

acquired, habitat restored or enhanced, or wetlands created? ................................................. 24

APPENDIX A: CERTIFICATIONS AND ASSURANCES ................................................................................................................. 25

APPENDIX B: DEFINTIONS …………………………..…………………………………………………………………………….28
APPENDIX C: INDEX……………………………...………………………………………………………………………………….33

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U.S. GRANT ADMINISTRATION STANDARDS—JANUARY 2006
North American Wetlands Conservation Act and Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act
A. APPLICABILITY AND AUTHORITIES
A-1

To what do these Standards apply?
These Standards apply to any project that;
(a) is granted Federal financial assistance approved under the authority of the North
American Wetlands Conservation Act (NAWCA) or the Neotropical Migratory Bird
Conservation Act (NMBCA); and
(b) occurs on lands or waters under the jurisdiction of the United States of America.

A-2

What laws and regulations govern a North American Wetlands Conservation Act
(NAWCA) or a Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act (NMBCA) grant?
The authority for the North American Wetlands Conservation Act grant program is 16
USC 4401 et seq., as amended. The authority for the Neotropical Migratory Bird
Conservation Act grant program is 16 USC 6101 et seq., as amended. General provisions
applicable to grants awarded by agencies of the U.S. Department of the Interior,
including definitions of terms used in this document, are in Title 43, Part 12, of the Code
of Federal Regulations (CFR). General Provisions applicable to the acquisition of real
property under a Federal grant, including definitions of terms used in this document, are
in 49 CFR, Part 24. The actual laws and regulations take precedence over any
restatement, summary, or interpretation of the same in this document.

B. GRANT AGREEMENT
B-1

What constitutes a Grant Agreement?
The Grant Agreement consists of a signed Assistance Award with incorporated
provisions, these Standards, the Proposal, and Recipient's signed SF-424, including
required Certifications and Assurances.

B-2

What Certifications and Assurances are required?
The SF-424D Assurances for Construction Projects are required for all NAWCA projects.
The SF-424D Assurances for Construction Projects are required for all NMBCA projects
involving acquisition, restoration or enhancement of habitat. For all other NMBCA
activities the SF-424B Assurances for Non-Construction Projects are required.
By accepting the Assistance Award, the Recipient agrees to Certifications regarding
Proposal Submission, Conflict of Interest, Debarment, Suspension, and other
Responsibility Matters, Lobbying, and Drug-Free Workplace, as explained in Appendix
A of these Standards.

B-3

At what point has the Recipient entered into a binding agreement?

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U.S. GRANT ADMINISTRATION STANDARDS—JANUARY 2006
North American Wetlands Conservation Act and Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act
The Recipient agrees to terms and conditions of the grant by signing the SF-424 and
required Assurances, and enters a binding agreement by receiving Federal funds through
the electronic funds transfer process.
B-4

Who has the authority to terminate the Grant Agreement?
The Recipient may decline the award or request a delay of the execution date by written
notice to the FWS Grant Officer within 10 business days of receipt of the award. FWS
may terminate the award in whole or in part if a Recipient materially fails to comply with
the terms and conditions of an award. The FWS may also terminate this award with the
consent of the Recipient, in which case the two parties must agree upon the termination
conditions, including the effective date and, in the case of partial termination, the portion
to be terminated. The Recipient may terminate the award upon sending to FWS written
notification setting forth the reasons for such termination, the effective date, and in the
case of partial termination, the portion to be terminated. However, if FWS determines in
the case of partial termination that the reduced or modified portion of the Grant
Agreement will not accomplish the purposes for which the grant was made, it may
terminate the grant in its entirety. In any partial termination of an award, FWS must
consider the Recipient’s responsibilities for property management (if any) and to submit
financial, performance, and other reports required by this document.

C. REPORTS AND OTHER DOCUMENTATION
C-1

What reports and other documents are required before the Grant Agreement is executed?
(a) Documentation of compliance with 36 CFR, Part 800, which implements the
National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), for all project activities. (See Section D-9
regarding documentation for certain matching in kind contributions, or “old match”
allowable only in NAWCA projects.)
(b) FWS documentation demonstrating compliance with the National Environmental
Policy Act (NEPA) and the Endangered Species Act for all project activities.
(c) For NAWCA projects, the Secretary of the Interior (or his or her designee) must
make a finding that the real property interests should not be included in the National
Wildlife Refuge System. The Recipient must obtain an additional such finding if a tract
not included in the Proposal is targeted for acquisition.
(d) Documentation from FWS Regional Offices or field stations demonstrating that
contaminants will not preclude the incorporation of those lands acquired in the project
into the National Wildlife Refuge System (applicable only if such lands will be acquired
in the Project).

C-2

What reports and other documentation does the Recipient have to provide during the
funding period?
(a) Annual performance reports must be received by the Grant Officer within 90 days
after the end of each full year of the funding period.
(b) Annual financial status must be reported on Standard Form 269 (Long Form) and be
received by the Grant Officer within 90 days after the end of each full year of the funding

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U.S. GRANT ADMINISTRATION STANDARDS—JANUARY 2006
North American Wetlands Conservation Act and Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act
period. The first annual financial report must include all project-related financial activity
from the date the Proposal was received by FWS to one year after the signature date on
the Assistance Award, and should include the value of in-kind match contributed prior to
the proposal date.
(c) Federal Cash Transactions must be reported on Standard Form 272 through
SMARTLINK if the Recipient has requested the capability to receive advance payment
of Federal funds through the electronic funds transfer process.
(d) Real property acquisition documentation must be included in Annual or Final Reports
for any transactions completed during the reporting period.
C-3

What information must the Recipient include in an annual performance report?
Annual performance reports must include:
(a) A comparison of actual (grant and match) accomplishments with proposed objectives
for the period.
(b) For Standard Grant NAWCA Projects only, a comparison of the acres achieved
compared with the acres described by category in the responses to Technical Assessment
Questions 4 and 5 of the Proposal, and an explanation of any differences.

C-4

What reports and other documentation must the Recipient provide at the end of the
funding period?
(a) A final performance report must be received by the Grant Officer within 90 days of
the end of the funding period.
(b) A final financial status report on Standard Form 269 (Long Form) must be received
by the Grant Officer within 90 days of the end of the funding period.
(c) U.S. Geological Survey 7 1/2 minute topographic maps delineating the boundaries of
all interests in real property that the Recipient or match provider purchased, restored,
enhanced, or created with grant or matching dollars or accepted as in-kind matching
contributions. The Recipient may, in lieu of submitting the USGS map(s) described
above, provide complete electronic data sets (polygons) that describe the tracts affected
by the Project.
(d) Real property acquisition documentation not already provided along with annual
reports.
(e) An inventory of all equipment acquired by the Recipient with Federal funds.
(f) An inventory of unused supplies if the total aggregate value upon

completion of the Project exceeds $5,000.

C-5

What information must be included in a final performance report?
In addition to the information required for the annual performance report, for NAWCA
projects only, the final performance report must include the tract table as presented in the

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U.S. GRANT ADMINISTRATION STANDARDS—JANUARY 2006
North American Wetlands Conservation Act and Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act
Proposal with proposed and actual acreage accomplishments, and an explanation of any
substitutions or differences.

D. FINANCIAL ADMINSTRATION
D-1

What is the funding period?
The funding period will be designated in the Agreement and last no more than two years
unless it is extended. The terms “grant period” and “project period” are considered
synonyms for the funding period.

D-2

May the Recipient or subrecipient incur pre-agreement costs before the funding period?
FWS authorizes pre-agreement costs only if such costs:
(a) do not exceed the amount of the grant funds as awarded in the Agreement;
(b) are necessary to accomplish the objectives of the Project by the end of the funding
period;
(c) fund activities listed in the proposal for accomplishment with grant funds;
(d) have not been incurred before the date that FWS receives the proposal from the
Recipient (see Section F-2 for costs incurred in purchase of real property); and
(e) are allowable to the extent that they would have been allowed if they had been
incurred during the funding period.
By definition, pre-agreement costs occur before a signed Grant Agreement, and therefore
they are incurred at the applicant’s risk. Upon completion of a signed Grant Agreement,
this section constitutes prior written approval for any pre-agreement cost that qualifies
under its provisions.

D-3

When must grant funds and matching contributions be obligated?
Grant funds and matching contributions must be obligated during the funding period,
except an eligible pre-agreement cost which may be obligated prior to the funding period.
A Recipient or subrecipient obligates funds (i.e., incurs costs) on the earlier of placing an
order, signing a contract, receiving goods or services, or carrying out similar transactions
during a given period that will require payment during the same or a future period (not to
exceed ninety days after the funding period). For acquisitions of a real property interest,
funds are considered obligated when costs are incurred at the time of closing/property
settlement, and title is taken. All matching cash and eligible in-kind contributions must be
obligated for the authorized purpose of the project by the end of the funding period.

D-4

Does the Recipient or subrecipient have to complete all the work on the project during
the funding period?
All obligations must be made and work must be accomplished during the funding period,
although cash does not necessarily have to be disbursed by the end of that time period.

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U.S. GRANT ADMINISTRATION STANDARDS—JANUARY 2006
North American Wetlands Conservation Act and Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act
The Recipient must liquidate all obligations and ensure that the Grant Officer receives a
final report no later than 90 days after the end of the funding period.
D-5

Is the use of matching contributions subject to the same requirements as the use of grant
funds?
Unless otherwise specified in these Standards, both grant funds and matching
contributions are considered part of the Project and subject to the same requirements.

D-6

What is allowable match for a NMBCA project in the United States?
For NMBCA project activities in the United States the matching contribution must be
cash only. Cash means the Recipient or subrecipient's cash outlay, including the outlay
of money contributed to the Recipient or subrecipient by third parties, to be expended
after the date the Proposal is submitted, and that complies with the applicable Federal
Cost Principles in OMB Circulars A-21, A-87, and A-122. Matching cash must be
contributed to or by a Recipient or subrecipient to accomplish the purposes of the Project.
If money has been used to incur costs for Project purposes before the FWS receives the
Proposal, it is considered in-kind rather than cash and will not be eligible as match for
Projects in the United States.

D-7

If the Recipient or subrecipient generates match contributions in excess of the Project’s
approved match-grant ratio, may this be used as match in a future grant?
For NAWCA Projects only, match contributions in excess of the amount required
according to the match-grant ratio approved in the Grant Agreement may be used on
subsequent Projects, subject to the following conditions:
(a) The excess match must accomplish more acquisition, restoration or enhancement than
required by the Grant Agreement. (Spending more, but accomplishing the same as
required in the Grant Agreement, does not qualify as “excess” match. Additional
spending due to unique circumstances totally beyond the control of the Recipient or
subrecipient, such as a natural disaster, leading to unique efforts by the Recipient or
subrecipient to accomplish Project objectives, may be considered on a case-by-case
basis.)
(b) The excess match must be substantively related to the same area/type of Project in the
next grant, so that if was offered as “new” match in the next grant it would be eligible.
(c) The additional acres must be specified as “excess” in the documentation provided in
reports for the original NAWCA grant.
(d) All acres must be protected as part of the original NAWCA grant.
(e) The excess match may be used in a subsequent Project only if the source of the match
is identified in that Proposal and the Project is then selected.

D-8

How old can matching in-kind contributions be?
For NAWCA Projects only, match providers may acquire real property, supplies, or
services, or provide the services of its own personnel for a proposed Project back to the

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U.S. GRANT ADMINISTRATION STANDARDS—JANUARY 2006
North American Wetlands Conservation Act and Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act
beginning of the calendar year two years before the year in which FWS receives the
proposal.
D-9

What documentation is required to ensure compliance with Section 106 of the National
Historic Preservation Act for matching in-kind contributions acquired or performed
before the FWS receives a NAWCA Proposal (matching in-kind contributions are not
eligible for a NMBCA proposal)?
No advance documentation for Section 106, of the National Historic Preservation Act, as
implemented in 36 CFR, Part 800, is required for matching in-kind contributions acquired
or performed before the FWS receives a NAWCA Proposal. However, if the Recipient or
subrecipient or match provider has disturbed or allowed the disturbance of a site that is
subject to NHPA, the FWS may disallow the use of that property in a NAWCA project or
require the Recipient to take other steps as appropriate to ameliorate the disturbance.

D-10

Are acquisition costs that are incurred before the FWS receives the Proposal and used as
matching in-kind contributions (ineligible in NMBCA grants) subject to the relocation
assistance and real property acquisition requirements of 49 CFR, Part 24?
Acquisition costs of matching in-kind contributions incurred before the FWS receives a
NAWCA proposal are not subject to the relocation assistance and real property
acquisition requirements of 49 CFR, Part 24. However, costs for such matching property
must still be allowable, reasonable, and allocable, as required by 43 CFR, Part 12.

D-11

What constitutes satisfactory compliance with matching commitments?
At the end of the funding period, the matching contributions must at least equal the
amount committed to by the Recipient in the Grant Agreement.

D-12

Who may contribute matching cash or, for NAWCA only, in-kind contributions to a
project?
All Recipients and their partners may contribute matching cash or, for NAWCA only, inkind contributions.

D-13

What is program income?
Program income is income directly generated by any Project activity, or earned only as a
result of the Grant Agreement during the funding period. By definition, program income
is that income received by the grant Recipient itself, if the grant Recipient is an institution
of higher education, hospital, or other non-profit organization (43 CFR 12.902); or
received by the Recipient or Sub-recipient if it is a state or local government (43 CFR
12.65(b)).

D-14

Should “net” or “gross” income be used when calculating and reporting program income?
Either “net” or “gross” program income can be calculated and reported. If the Recipient
chooses, and if authorized by the awarding agency, “net” program income may be
determined by deducting the costs necessary for the generation of program income from
the gross program income, provided these costs have not been charged to the award (43
CFR 12.65(c ), 43 CFR 12.924(f)). It is the Recipient’s responsibility to identify these

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U.S. GRANT ADMINISTRATION STANDARDS—JANUARY 2006
North American Wetlands Conservation Act and Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act
costs and how they are calculated. Total or “gross” program income can be reported
without additional calculations.
D-15 How may the Recipient use program income?
Federal regulations identify three ways to use program income: deduction, addition, and
cost sharing or matching (43 CFR 12.65(g), 12.924(b)).
(a) Unless otherwise specified, the Recipient must use the deductive method (subtracting
the program income from the amount awarded).
(b) If the Recipient desires, the Service will authorize the Recipient to use the additive
method (adding the program income to the funds committed to the Grant Agreement).
The program income must be used for the purposes and under the conditions of the Grant
Agreement.
(c) Program income will not be authorized for cost sharing or matching purposes.
D-16 How is income generated outside the funding period handled?
Income generated by the Recipient outside of the funding period shall be retained by the
Recipient. FWS encourages Recipients to use generated funds to support wetland
conservation purposes consistent with the NAWCA program or to support neotropical
migratory bird conservation consistent with the NMBCA program.
D-17 What can the Recipient or subrecipient acquire using grant funds?
Grant funds may be used to acquire those things that are necessary for the purpose
described in the Grant Agreement and that are reasonable, allowable, and allocable as
explained in the Cost Principles and NAWCA or NMBCA application instructions.
D-18 Are indirect costs, facilities costs, and direct overhead and administrative costs
allowable?
These costs are allowable for both grant funds and matching funds. These costs must be
calculated by an acceptable method including negotiated indirect cost rate, directly
charged administrative costs, or direct allocation method.
D-19 How will the Recipient receive Federal funds?
The Recipient’s financial institution must be able to receive Federal funds through the
electronic funds transfer process and request advance payment and reimbursement
through SMARTLINK, an electronic funds transfer system that is administered by the
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Division of Payment Management.
D-20 What funds must be spent before the Recipient may draw down grant funds?
The following forms of funds must be spent before drawing down grant funds: program
income, rebates, refunds, contract settlements, audit recoveries and interest earned on
such funds.

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North American Wetlands Conservation Act and Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act
D-21 Must the Recipient deposit Federal cash advances in interest-bearing accounts separate
from other funds?
The Recipient must deposit Federal cash advances in interest bearing accounts unless (a),
(b), or (c) apply:
(a) The Recipient receives less than $120,000 in Federal assistance awards per year.
(b) The best reasonably available interest bearing account would not be expected to earn
interest in excess of $250 per year.
(c) The depository would require an average or minimum balance so high that it would
not be feasible with the expected Federal and non-Federal cash resources.
These requirements may not apply to States, State universities and hospitals, federally
recognized Tribes, and local governments.
When depositing Federal cash advances in an interest-bearing account, separate
depository accounts are not required, but Recipients must be able to account for the
receipt, obligation, expenditure of and interest on the funds.
D-22 May the Recipient keep the interest earned on Federal cash advances?
The Recipient’s status determines whether or not earned interest may be kept. For this
purpose, a Recipient’s belongs in one of three categories: State, Tribal or local
government, and all others.
(a) States are not required to deposit Federal cash advances in an interest-bearing
account. States that are not subject to a Treasury-State agreement have no interest
liability to the Federal government whether or not they earn interest on Federal cash
advances. However, if a Treasury-State agreement is in place, States incur an interest
liability from the day Federal funds are credited to the account to the day funds are
disbursed for the Project or credited to a Federal Government account as a refund,
whether or not they deposit their Federal grant funds in interest-bearing accounts.
(b) Federally-recognized Tribal Recipients and local government Recipients are not
required to deposit Federal cash advances in an interest-bearing account. They may
retain interest amounts up to $100 per year for administrative expenses, if they do deposit
funds in an interest bearing account. Interest on Federal cash advances above $100 must
be remitted promptly, but at least quarterly, to the FWS.
(c) All others may retain up to $250 of interest earned annually on Federal cash advances.
The amount retained may be used for administrative expenses.
D-23 How long does a Recipient have to disburse or refund money obtained as a Federal cash
advance?
When Federal cash advances are made by electronic transfer of funds methods, the
Recipient must draw down grant funds as close as possible to the time of making
disbursements. The only exceptions are when the funds involved will be disbursed by the

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U.S. GRANT ADMINISTRATION STANDARDS—JANUARY 2006
North American Wetlands Conservation Act and Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act
Recipient within seven calendar days, or are less than $10,000 and will be disbursed
within 30 calendar days.
E. EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES
E-1

May the Recipient or subrecipient purchase and manage equipment with grant or match
funds?
Yes, the Recipient or subrecipient may purchase and manage equipment acquired under a
Grant Agreement in accordance with the applicable costs principles. Title to all
equipment acquired for the project will vest in the Recipient or subrecipient.
The Recipient or subrecipient may use the equipment acquired for the Project as long as
needed whether or not the project continues to be supported by Federal funds. While the
equipment is used for the Project, the Recipient or subrecipient must make it available for
use on other projects or programs currently or previously supported by the Federal
government if such other use will not interfere with the work on the Project for which the
equipment was originally acquired.

E-2

May the Recipient or subrecipient replace and dispose of equipment obtained with grant
funds?
The rules for replacing or disposing equipment obtained with grant funds vary according
to Recipient or subrecipient status. A State may replace and dispose of equipment
acquired under a Grant Agreement as required by its own laws and procedures. For all
others, when original or replacement equipment acquired with grant funds is no longer
needed for the original project or for other activities currently or previously supported by
a Federal agency, equipment disposition will be as follows:
(a) Equipment with a current market value of less than $5,000 may be retained, sold, or
otherwise disposed of with no further obligation to the FWS.
(b) Equipment with a current market value in excess of $5,000 may be retained or sold
and the FWS will have a right to an amount calculated by applying the percentage of
Federal participation in the cost of the original project to the current market value of the
equipment.
(c) In cases where a Recipient or subrecipient fails to take appropriate disposition actions,
the FWS may direct the Recipient or subrecipient regarding required actions. In such
cases, the FWS reserves the right to transfer title to the Federal Government or a third
party of its choosing, when such a third party is otherwise eligible under existing statutes.

E-3

How often must the Recipient or subrecipient inventory equipment?
A State may inventory equipment acquired under a grant according to its own laws and
procedures. Every other Recipient or subrecipient must take a physical inventory of
equipment acquired with grant or match funds or received as a matching in-kind
contribution immediately prior to submitting the final performance report and at least
once every two years thereafter.

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E-4

May the Recipient or subrecipient dispose of supplies and other expendable property
purchased with grant or matching funds?
If the residual inventory of unused supplies is worth less than $5000, these items belong
to the Recipient or subrecipient who may chose how to dispose of them. However, at the
termination or completion of the Project, if there is a residual inventory of unused
supplies which in aggregate is worth $5,000 or more, and is not needed for any other
federally sponsored project or program, the Recipient or subrecipient may either retain
the supplies or sell them, but in either case must compensate the Federal government for
its share.

F. REAL PROPERTY ACQUISITION
F-1

What costs of acquiring real property can the Recipient or subrecipient pay with grant or
matching funds?
Federal grant or matching funds may be used to pay for the following costs of acquiring
real property:
(a) the market value of the interest in real property;
(b) real property valuation, appraisals, appraisal reviews, and relocation expenses (if
qualified and required under 49 CFR, part 24);
(c) title insurance (types and extent of coverage must be in accordance with sound
business practice and the rates and premiums must be reasonable under the
circumstances);
(d) costs of compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act, the Endangered
Species Act, and the National Historic Preservation Act;
(e) recording fees, transfer taxes, documentary stamps, evidence of title, boundary
surveys, legal descriptions of the real property, and similar expenses incidental to
conveying the real property to the Recipient or subrecipient (the Recipient or subrecipient
is not required to pay costs solely required to perfect the owner’s title to the real
property);
(f) penalty costs and other charges for prepayment of any preexisting recorded mortgage
entered into in good faith encumbering the real property; and
(g) the pro-rata portion of any prepaid real property taxes which are allocable to the
period after the grant Recipient or subrecipient obtains title to the property or effective
possession of it, whichever is earlier (taxes for which exemptions are available are
unallowable).

F-2

When does the Recipient or subrecipient incur the costs of acquiring real property?
Costs are incurred at the time of transfer of title. The grantee’s contractual obligation to
purchase real property does not constitute a cost incurred by the Federal government. A
contractual obligation to purchase real property (purchase agreement, etc.) may be made

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at any time and, as long as title is transferred after the proposal is received by the FWS,
the costs associated with the purchase can be reimbursed with grant funds. However, if
title is transferred before the FWS received the proposal, costs associated with the
purchase may only be used as match, and can not be reimbursed with grant funds. Any
obligation to purchase property before Federal grant funds are obligated is made at the
Recipient or subrecipient’s risk. No matter when an obligation is signed, all purchases of
real property must comply with all applicable Federal regulations, including but not
limited to requirements specified in this section (F).
F-3

May condemnation proceedings be used to purchase lands in NAWCA or NMBCA
projects?
All real property interests acquired as part of a NAWCA or NMBCA project, whether
funded by grant funds or as match, must be from willing sellers. Condemnation
proceedings may be used only when necessary to assist in determining the legal owner.

F-4

What notice must be provided to a seller?
Prior to making an offer for the property, the buyer must inform the seller that the buyer
will be unable to acquire the property in the event negotiations fail to result in an
amicable agreement (i.e., that the buyer does not have condemnation or eminent domain
authority), and must inform the seller what the buyer believes to be the market value of
the property.
If the buyer is an agency that has eminent domain authority, but the acquisition is
voluntary, then two additional assurances must be included in the notice: (1) no specific
site or property needs to be acquired, although the agency may limit its search for
alternative sites to a general geographic area (where an agency wishes to purchase more
than one site within a geographic area on this basis, all owners are to be treated
similarly); and (2) the property to be acquired is not part of an intended, planned, or
designated project area where all or substantially all of the property within the area is to
be acquired within specific time limits.
This requirement does not apply to matching real property acquired prior to the receipt of
the proposal by the FWS (ineligible for NMBCA).

F-5

What if the Recipient or subrecipient fails to provide the required notice?
If the seller is not notified as required in Section F-4 above, the buyer must:
(a) have the appraisal reviewed (if an appraisal was required),
(b) pay any relocation benefits for which the landowner is eligible,
(c) pay any qualifying expenses incidental to transfer, and
(d) comply with all other provisions of 49 CFR, part 24, that apply.
This requirement does not apply to matching real property acquired prior to the receipt of
the proposal by the FWS (ineligible for NMBCA).

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F-6

Are appraisals required?
Appraisals are required unless of the following exceptions apply: (1) the market value is
estimated to be less than $10,000, and appropriate documentation is provided showing
that this valuation is reasonable and uncomplicated; or (2) there is an alternative
valuation formula authorized by law, regulation, or FWS policy, as for specific categories
of properties. An approved alternative valuation process is currently applicable to
easements in the prairie pothole region of the United States.
If the buyer obtains an appraisal even though the market value is $10,000 or less, it must
be used as the sole determinant of market value unless the Recipient or subrecipient can
conclusively demonstrate that it is not accurate. Whatever method is used to determine
value, the valuation must be certified by the Recipient or subrecipient. The Grant Officer
may require the Recipient or subrecipient to submit additional documentation if he or she
finds any informal determination of market value to be insufficient or if the Grant Officer
does not concur with the analysis and conclusions.
Regardless of the method of real property valuation, the date of the valuation must be
within 12 months of the buyer’s contractual obligation to purchase property or of the title
transfer, whichever establishes the purchase price. The FWS may require the Recipient
or subrecipient to secure an updated valuation if a material change occurs in the local real
estate market, the character or condition of the property, or its surroundings between the
effective date of the valuation and the date of the transfer of title to the Recipient or
subrecipient.

F-7

What constitutes an acceptable appraisal?
(a) If a non-Federal appraiser is used, the appraiser must be State-certified.
(b) Any appraisal must conform to the Uniform Appraisal Standards of Federal Land
Acquisition (UASFLA).

F-8

Must appraisals be reviewed?
Recipient or subrecipients may choose to have an appraisal reviewed by an independent
state-certified or FWS review appraiser. Regardless of whether the Recipient or
subrecipient requests an appraisal review, the FWS reserves the right to have any or all
appraisals reviewed for federally assisted land acquisition. An appraisal must be
reviewed if the notice requirements in Section F-4 are not met.

F-9

Must the Recipient or subrecipient pay market value for real property?
The Recipient or subrecipient must pay at least market value for any real property
interest, unless the Recipient or subrecipient provides documentation of a bargain sale
with a letter or signed statement from the seller that donates any difference between the
market value and the selling price. If the Recipient pays more than the market value, the
excess amount may not be paid with grant funds or be used as match.

F-10 May the Recipient or subrecipient purchase real property subject to leases or occupied by
tenants?

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The Recipient or subrecipient may purchase real property subject to leases or occupied by
tenants. Other than matching real property acquired prior to the receipt of the proposal
by the FWS (ineligible for NMBCA), however, such purchases are subject to relocation
assistance requirements as described in 49 CFR, Part 24. The relocation assistance
requirements apply only to tenants that must move as a result of the acquisition, unless
the Recipient or subrecipient fails to meet the requirements in Section F-4.
F-11 Do relocation requirements apply if the price is set before the FWS receives the proposal,
but the title is transferred after the FWS receives the proposal?
The relocation requirements of 49 CFR, Part 24, apply to any transfers of title that are
completed after the proposal is received by FWS, regardless of when the price associated
with the transfer is established.
F-12 What documents must be submitted when acquiring an interest in real property?
The Recipient or subrecipient must submit the following documents for each interest in
real property purchased with grant or match funds, or provided as a matching in-kind
contribution:
(a) appropriate evidence of valuation of real property. If an appraisal is used, send the
appraiser’s signed certification and the appraisal summary;
(b) if specifically required by FWS, an appraisal review;
(c) documentation that the seller has been informed that the buyer will be unable to
acquire the property in the event negotiations fail to result in an amicable agreement (i.e.,
that the buyer does not have condemnation or eminent domain authority), and informs the
seller of what the buyer believes to be the market value of the property;
(d) documentation of a bargain sale through a letter or signed statement from a seller that
donates any difference between the market value and the selling price, if the sale price is
below market value;
(e) a copy of the closing statement (also called the settlement statement or adjustment
sheet);
(f) a copy of any deed, easement, or assignment of lease that transfers ownership to the
Recipient or subrecipient or match provider, as well as any subsequent owner as provided
in the Grant Agreement (copies must demonstrate that the documents were recorded);
(g) either (1) a statement certifying that the real property acquired had no tenants, or (2) a
copy of a notice of relocation eligibility as required in 49 CFR 24.203 and a statement
certifying that the Recipient or subrecipient provided tenants with relocation assistance
advice and relocation assistance as required in 49 CFR, part 24, with an itemized
breakdown of any relocation payments made to the tenant; and
(h) copies of recorded Notices of Grant Requirements for all interests in real property
acquired for the project including those interests received as matching in-kind
contributions. If the required language of a Notice of Grant Requirements is included in

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the deed, easement, lease or other recorded conveyance document for a specific interest
in real property, such language may substitute for a Notice of Grant Requirements.
Items (c), (e), and (g) do not apply to matching real property acquired prior to the receipt
of the proposal by the FWS (ineligible for NMBCA).
F-13 What recorded notices are required for real property included in a Project?
The Recipient or subrecipient must ensure that Notices of Grant Requirements are
recorded for all interests in real property acquired in perpetuity or for terms longer than
10 years unless equivalent provisions were entered in the deed, easement, or assignment
of lease.
F-14 Can the Recipient or subrecipient be reimbursed with grant funds if title is transferred
before the FWS receives the proposal?
The FWS will not reimburse the Recipient or subrecipient for the purchase of real
property if title is transferred before the FWS receives the proposal. At its own risk,
however, the Recipient or subrecipient may contractually commit to purchasing property
before the FWS receives the proposal, and be reimbursed by grant funds after the Grant
Agreement is signed.
F-15 Must the Recipient or subrecipient record deeds, leases, easements or other conveyance
documents?
Regardless of whether it is required by the applicable State, the Recipient or subrecipient
must ensure that all deeds, easements with a term 10 years or longer, and assignments of
leases with a term 10 years or longer are recorded with reference to a deed or other realproperty-conveyance instrument in the county, parish, borough, or other local office that
maintains the records affecting title to real property in that jurisdiction (referred to as
recorder’s office, registrar of deeds office, commissioner of deeds office, bureau of
conveyances, or similar title).
F-16 Can the Recipient or subrecipient obtain a waiver of these land acquisition requirements?
Subject to the specific conditions defined in 49 CFR Part 24, in extreme circumstances
certain real property acquisitions may be waived. These waivers will be granted on a
case-by-case basis at the discretion of the Grant Officer, and will apply only to the
Project for which the waiver is requested.
G. PROPERTY MANAGEMENT
G-1

Does the Recipient or subrecipient have continuing obligations to manage property
acquired through a Grant Agreement?
A Recipient or other authorized titleholder of real property acquired through a Grant
Agreement must manage any interests in real property acquired under that Agreement
consistent with the Project’s purpose as long as the interests in real property are needed
for that purpose. This is required regardless of whether the interests in real property were
acquired with grant or matching funds or contributed as a matching in-kind contribution
(ineligible for NMBCA).

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G-2

May the Recipient or subrecipient encumber, sell, or transfer some or all of the interests
in real property acquired through a Grant Agreement?
Except as specified in the Proposal, the Recipient or other authorized titleholder of
interests in real property acquired with Federal grant or matching funds or as a matching
in-kind contribution (ineligible for NMBCA) may not encumber, sell, or otherwise
transfer the interest in real property, or any part of the same, without the approval of
FWS. However, if the interest in the real property is an easement or a lease with a term
that is less than perpetual, the obligation to seek FWS permission will end with the
expiration of the term of the easement or lease.

G-3

For real property restored or enhanced under a Grant Agreement, how must the Recipient
or subrecipient manage the property?
The Recipient or other authorized titleholder must manage restored or enhanced real
property consistent with the purpose authorized by the Grant Agreement. This
requirement pertains to all interests in real property that were restored or enhanced with
Federal grant or matching funds or received as match (NAWCA only). The Recipient or
other authorized titleholder may propose that the interest in real property is no longer
needed for the Project’s authorized purpose. However, the Recipient or other authorized
titleholder is prohibited from managing the property in a manner that interferes with the
Project’s authorized purpose unless it obtains written permission to do so from the FWS.

G-4

How long must the Recipient or subrecipient manage restored or enhanced real property
for the Project purposes?
The Recipient or authorized titleholder must manage restored or enhanced real property
for the time period the Proposal identifies for Project benefits (for NAWCA, the
described contributions to long-term conservation of wetlands and associated habitats). If
no time period was specified in the Proposal, the Recipient or authorized titleholder must
manage the property for 25 years from the date that the Grant Officer receives acceptable
final performance and financial reports. This period may be shorter than 25 years if
limited by easements, leases, or other special considerations approved by the Grant
Officer. During the required management period, a Recipient must ensure that the real
property is available for site-inspection by the FWS or its designee to ensure that it is
managed consistent with the authorized Project purposes.

H. MODIFICATIONS
H-1

Must the Recipient or subrecipient receive prior approval to depart from what is specified
in the Grant Agreement?
The Recipient or subrecipient must obtain the prior written approval of the Grant Officer
in any of the following situations:
(a) changes in the purpose and scope of the Project;
(b) any extension of the funding period after the first extension (first extensions require
only written notification to the Grant Officer 10 days in advance with the supporting
reasons and a revised expiration date no more than 12 months in the future);

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(c) additions to, deletions from, or substitutions for the specific sites targeted for
acquisition, habitat restoration, habitat enhancement, or habitat creation unless the
Proposal was approved without such sites being designated;
(d) initial identification of the specific sites which will be acquired, restored, enhanced,
or created where such parcels or interests were not identified in the Proposal;
(e) changes to the boundaries of the area within which sites will be selected for
acquisition, restoration, enhancement, or creation;
(f) any change in the restoration, enhancement, or wetland creation techniques or
specifications (e.g., the species or the number of seedlings to be planted);
(g) changes in the proposed titleholder of any interests in real property purchased,
donated (NAWCA only), or otherwise acquired for the Project;
(h) any decrease in the number of acres acquired, restored, enhanced or created as
described in the Grant Agreement, other than de minimis changes due to survey error;
(i) any decrease in the number of years of benefit to acres acquired, restored, enhanced
or created as described in the Grant Agreement;
(j) any decrease in the total amount of matching contributions committed to the Project;
(k) the inclusion of costs that require prior approval in accordance with the applicable
Federal Cost Principles; or
(l) the transfer of funds from a direct cost category to indirect costs or the transfer of
funds from construction to non-construction, or vice versa.
H-2

May the Recipient extend the funding period?
(a) Any Recipient may receive an initial extension of the expiration date of the award of
up to 12 months unless one of the following conditions apply:
(1) The terms and conditions of Grant Agreement prohibit the extension;
(2) The extension requires additional Federal funds; or
(3) The extension involves any change in the purpose or scope of the Project.
Extensions may not be exercised merely for the purpose of using unobligated balances
that are not necessary for the completion of the Project.
(b) A Recipient may be given additional extensions of up to 12 months only if
sufficiently compelling reasons are provided. In general, rationale for any extension must
include confirmation that the Project will still succeed, that the to-date failure is no fault
of the Recipient, and that the extension will result in a benefit to the federal government.

H-3

How does the Recipient obtain an extension?

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In order to obtain an extension, the Recipient must notify the Grant Officer in writing
with the supporting reasons and revised expiration date at least 10 days before the
expiration date specified in the Grant Agreement.
I. NONCOMPLIANCE
I-1

What constitutes noncompliance with the Grant Agreement?
Any instance of a failure to comply with one or more of the terms and conditions of the
Grant Agreement, including any approved modification of the Grant Agreement,
constitutes noncompliance.

I-2

What considerations are used to evaluate an instance of noncompliance with the Grant
Agreement?
Before determining the consequences, an instance of noncompliance will be evaluated by
the Grant Officer based on the following considerations:
(a) whether the noncompliance is deemed to be willful;
(b) the impact on natural resources;
(c) the impact on the Project and associated federally-assisted projects;
(d) the impact on Project partners;
(e) the impact on the buyers or sellers of real property interests that are part of, or
affected by, the Project;
(f) the need for immediate action to protect the public’s interest;
(g) the harm or benefit to the federal government; and
(h) whether there are mitigating factors.

I-3

What are the potential consequences of noncompliance with the Grant Agreement?
After having taken into account the considerations described in Section I-2, the Grant
Officer may apply one or more of the following remedies as a consequence of
noncompliance with the Grant Agreement:
(a) temporarily withhold cash payments pending correction of the noncompliance;
(b) disallow (that is, deny both use of grant funds and any applicable matching credit for)
all or part of the cost of the Project not in compliance;
(c) wholly or partly suspend or terminate the current Grant Agreement;
(d) reduce the federal share of costs after the final reports are received;

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(e) withhold further Assistance Awards for the Project or Recipient;
(f) place the Recipient on a list of recipients that did not fulfill the commitments of a
NAWCA or NMBCA Grant Agreement;
(g) impose special administrative conditions during the funding period;
(h) take other remedies that may be legally available; or
(i) initiate procedures for suspension or debarment of a recipient from Federal financial
and non-financial assistance and benefits.
I-4

What are the grounds for imposition of special administrative conditions during the
funding period?
Special administrative conditions during the funding period may be imposed by the Grant
Officer if the Recipient meets one or more of the following criteria:
(a) has a history of unsatisfactory performance;
(b) is not financially stable;
(c) has a management system that does not meet the standards prescribed in 43 CFR, part
12;
(d) has failed to comply with the terms and conditions of a previous Grant Agreement;
(e) is in noncompliance with the terms of the current Grant Agreement; or
(f) is not otherwise responsible.

I-5

What special administrative conditions may be imposed during the funding period?
If appropriate grounds exist to impose special administration conditions during the
funding period, the Grant Officer may apply any of the following conditions:
(a) allow only reimbursement of funds (allow no funds to be advanced);
(b) withhold authority to proceed to the next phase of the Project until receipt of evidence
of acceptable performance within a given funding period;
(c) require additional or more detailed financial reporting;
(d) require additional project monitoring;
(e) require the Recipient to obtain technical or management

assistance; or

(f) require that prior approval be obtained from the Grant Officer before implementing
one of more aspects of the Project or Grant Agreement.

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I-6

What are the grounds for debarment and suspension of a Recipient from Federal financial
and non-financial assistance and benefits?
Debarment and suspension may be imposed, through appropriate regulatory methods, as
a consequence of any of the following circumstances:
(a) Conviction of or civil judgment for:
(1) commission of fraud or a criminal offense in connection with obtaining,
attempting to obtain, or performing a public or private agreement or transaction;
(2) violation of Federal or State antitrust statutes, including those proscribing
price fixing between competitors, allocation of customers between competitors,
and bid rigging;
(3) commission of embezzlement, theft, forgery, bribery, falsification or
destruction of records, making false statements, receiving stolen property,
making false claims, or obstruction of justice; or
(4) commission of any other offense indicating a lack of business integrity or
business honesty that seriously and directly affects the present responsibility of a
person.
(b) Violation of the terms of a public agreement or transaction so serious as to affect the
integrity of an agency program, such as
(1) a willful failure to perform in accordance with the terms of one or more
public agreements or transactions;
(2) a history of failure to perform or of unsatisfactory performance of one or
more public agreements or transactions;
(3) a willful violation of a statutory or regulatory provision or requirement
applicable to a public agreement or transaction.
(c) Any of the following causes:
(1) a nonprocurement debarment by any Federal agency taken before October 1,
1988, or a procurement debarment by any Federal agency taken pursuant to 48
CFR subpart 9.4;
(2) knowingly doing business with a debarred, suspended, ineligible, or
voluntarily excluded person, in connection with a covered transaction, except as
permitted in 43 CFR 12.215 or 43 CFR 12.220;
(3) failure to pay a single substantial debt, or a number of outstanding debts
(including disallowed costs and overpayments, but not including sums owed the
Federal Government under the Internal Revenue Code) owed to any Federal
agency or instrumentality, provided the debt is uncontested by the debtor, or if
contested, provided that the debtor’s legal and administrative remedies have been
exhausted;

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(4) violation of a material provision of a voluntary exclusion agreement entered
into under 43 CFR 12.315 or of any settlement of a debarment or suspension
action; or
(5) violation of any requirements of the drug-free workplace requirements for
grants, relating to providing a drug-free workplace, as set forth in 43 CFR
12.615.
(d) Any other cause of so serious or compelling a nature that it affects the present
responsibility of a person.
I-7

What happens if the Recipient does not submit a Financial Status Report or a
Performance Report by the due date?
Failure to submit a timely report constitutes noncompliance with the Grant Agreement
and can result, after notification by FWS, in consequences described in Section I-3.

I-8

What are the penalties for an unpaid debt to the FWS?
Unless otherwise established in a Treasury-State agreement, contract, repayment
agreement, or by statute, the FWS will charge a penalty, pursuant to 31 U.S.C.
3717(e)(2), not to exceed six percent a year on the amount due on a debt that is
delinquent for more than 90 days. This charge will accrue from the date of delinquency,
which will generally be 30 days from the date that the demand letter is mailed or hand
delivered.

J. AUDITS AND MONITORING
J-1

Must the Recipient or subrecipient arrange for an annual audit of Project expenditures?
Recipient or subrecipients must have a single or program-specific audit if they expend
$500,000 or more in a year in Federal awards and are agencies or instrumentalities of
States, Federally-recognized Tribes, or local government, or nonprofit institutions of
higher education, nonprofit hospitals, or other nonprofit organizations. The audit must be
conducted by an independent auditor for that year, and it must be in accordance with
OMB Circular A-133, “Audits of States, Local Governments, and Non-Profit
Organizations.”

J-2

May the FWS conduct its own audit of a NAWCA- or NMBCA-funded project?
The FWS, the Inspector General, Comptroller General of the United States, or any of
their duly authorized representatives have the right of timely and unrestricted access to
any books, documents, papers, or other records of Recipient or subrecipients that are
pertinent to the awards, in order to make audits, examinations, excerpts, transcripts and
copies of such documents. In the case of Recipient or subrecipients that are institutions
of higher education, hospitals, and other nonprofit organizations, this right also includes
timely and reasonable access to a Recipient or subrecipient's personnel for the purpose of
interview and discussion related to such documents. For all Recipient or subrecipients,
the rights of access in this paragraph are not limited to the required retention period for

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records, but will last as long as any records on the Project are retained by the Recipient or
subrecipient or the FWS.
J-3

Does the FWS have the authority to inspect and monitor real property, equipment, and
supplies acquired, habitat restored or enhanced, or wetlands created?
The Grant Officer and other FWS personnel may inspect and monitor real property,
equipment, or supplies acquired as part of the Grant Agreement, habitat restored or
enhanced under the Grant Agreement, or wetlands created through the Grant Agreement.
The purpose of such inspections will be to insure that the real property, equipment,
supplies, or habitat is being used or managed for the authorized purpose, and consistent
with the terms, of the Grant Agreement. The rights of access to real property, equipment,
or supplies acquired as part of the Grant Agreement will terminate:
(a) once the real property, equipment, or supplies have been legally disposed of;
(b) when the FWS has approved a request that such real property, equipment, or supplies
will no longer be used for the authorized purpose of the Grant Agreement; or
(c) when the management term as defined in the Grant Agreement expires, regarding
leases, easement, restoration, enhancement, and wetland creation actions.

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U.S. GRANT ADMINISTRATION STANDARDS—JANUARY 2006
North American Wetlands Conservation Act and Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act

Appendix A
Certifications and Assurances
Through acceptance of the Assistance Award, in addition to the assurances appended to Standard Form 424,
the Recipient’s Authorized Representative certifies to the best of his or her knowledge and belief that:
A. Certification Regarding Proposal Submission The Assistance Award is for the support and stimulation
of the recipient’s project; that the request for financial assistance and the related proposal have not
been submitted in response to a request from the Government to undertake work to support a specific
Government project; and that the proposal has been prepared without the assistance and/or input of
Federal personnel. However, this statement excludes the general technical assistance provided by
FWS staff to all applicants and grantees as needed or requested.
B. Certification Regarding Conflict of Interest There are no relevant facts or circumstances which could
give rise to an individual or organizational conflict of interest. Such conflict of interest could involve
such things as Government employees being associated with or being a member of the requesting
organization and being in a position to influence the awarding of a Grant Agreement. The Recipient
agrees that if an actual or potential conflict of interest is discovered, the Recipient shall make a full
disclosure in writing to the Service Program Officer. This disclosure shall include a description of
actions, which the Recipient has taken or proposes to take, after consultation with the Service Program
Officer, to avoid, mitigate or neutralize the actual or potential conflict.
C. Certification Regarding Debarment, Suspension, and Other Responsibility Matters (DI2010 June 1995)
(1) The prospective primary participant certifies to the best of its knowledge and belief, that it, its
principals and lower tier participants:
(a) Are not presently debarred, suspended, proposed for debarment, declared ineligible, or
voluntarily excluded by any Federal department or agency;
(b) Have not within a three-year period preceding this proposal been convicted of or had a civil
judgment rendered against them for commission of fraud or a criminal offense in connection with
obtaining, attempting to obtain, or performing a public (Federal, State or local) transaction or contract
under a public transaction; violation of Federal or State antitrust statutes or commission of
embezzlement, theft, forgery, bribery, falsification or destruction of records, making false statements,
or receiving stolen property;
(c) Are not presently indicted for or otherwise criminally or civilly charged by a government
entity (Federal, State or local) with commission of any of the offenses enumerated in paragraph (1)(b)
of this certification; and
(d) Have not within a three-year period preceding this application/proposal had one or more
public transactions (Federal, State or local) terminated for cause or default.
(2) Where the prospective primary or lower tier participant is unable to certify to any of the statements
in this certification, such prospective participant(s) shall attach an explanation to this proposal and
send it to the FWS Program Officer.
D. Certification Regarding Lobbying (DI2010 June 1995) [applicable if award exceeds $100,000]
(1) No Federal appropriated funds have been paid or will be paid, by or on behalf of the undersigned,
to any person for influencing or attempting to influence an officer or employee of an agency, a
Member of Congress, and officer or employee of Congress, of an employee of a Member of Congress

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U.S. GRANT ADMINISTRATION STANDARDS—JANUARY 2006
North American Wetlands Conservation Act and Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act
in connection with the awarding of any Federal contract, the making of any Federal grant, the making
of any Federal loan, the entering into of any cooperative agreement, and the extension, continuation,
renewal, amendment, or modification of any Federal contract, grant, loan, or cooperative agreement.
(2) If any funds other than Federal appropriated funds have been paid or will be paid to any person for
influencing or attempting to influence an officer or employee of any agency, a Member of Congress,
an officer or employee of Congress, or an employee of a Member of Congress in connection with this
Federal contract, grant, loan, or cooperative agreement, the undersigned shall complete and submit
Standard Form-LLL, “Disclosure Form to Report Lobbying,” in accordance with its instructions.
(3) The language of this certification shall be included in the award documents for all subawards at all
tiers (including subcontracts, subgrants, and contracts under grants, loans, and cooperative agreements)
and all subrecipients shall certify accordingly.
This certification is a material representation of fact upon which reliance was placed when this
transaction was made or entered into. Submission of this certification is a prerequisite for making or
entering into this transaction imposed by Section 1352, title 31 U.S. Code. Any person who fails to file
the required certification shall be subjected to a civil penalty of not less than $10,000 and not more
than $100,000.00 for each such failure.
E. Certification Regarding Drug-Free Workplace Requirements
(1) For Recipients other than individuals, the Recipient certifies that it will or continue to provide a
drug-free workplace by:
(a) Publishing a statement notifying employees that the unlawful manufacture, distribution,
dispensing, possession, or use of a controlled substance is prohibited in the Recipient’s workplace and
specifying the actions that will be taken against employees for violation of such prohibition;
(b) Establishing an on-going drug-free awareness program to inform employees about—
(i) The dangers of drug abuse in the workplace;
(ii) The Recipient’s policy of maintaining a drug-free workplace;
(iii) Any available drug counseling, rehabilitation, and employee assistance programs; and
(iv) The penalties that may be imposed upon employees for drug abuse violations occurring
in the workplace;
(c) Making it a requirement that each employee to be engaged in the performance of the grant be
given a copy of the statement required by paragraph (a);
(d)Notifying the employee in the statement required by paragraph (a) that, as a condition of
employment under the grant, the employee will—
(i) Abide by the terms of the statement; and
(ii) Notify the employer in writing of his or her conviction for a violation of a criminal drug
statute occurring in the workplace no later than five calendar days after such conviction;
(e)Notifying the agency in writing, within ten calendar days after receiving notice under
subparagraph (d)(ii) from an employee or otherwise receiving actual notice of such conviction.
Employers of convicted employees must provide notice, including position title, to every grant officer
on whose grant activity the convicted employee was working, unless the Federal agency has
designated a central point for the recipient of such notices. Notice shall include the identification
number(s) of each affected grant;

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U.S. GRANT ADMINISTRATION STANDARDS—JANUARY 2006
North American Wetlands Conservation Act and Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act
(f) Taking one of the following actions, within 30 calendar days of receiving notice under
subparagraph (d)(ii), with respect to any employee who is so convicted—
(i) Taking appropriate personnel action against such an employee, up to and including
termination, consistent with the requirements of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended;
or
(ii) Requiring such employee to participate satisfactorily in a drug abuse assistance or
rehabilitation program approved for such purposes be a Federal, State, or local health, law
enforcement, or other appropriate agency;
(g)Making a good faith effort to continue to maintain a drug-free workplace through

implementation of paragraphs (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) and (f).

(1) For grantees who are individuals, the Recipient certifies that
(a) As a condition of the grant, he or she will not engage in the unlawful manufacture,
distribution, dispensing, possession, or use of a controlled substance in conducting any activity with
the grant;
(b)If convicted of a criminal drug offense resulting from a violation occurring during the conduct
of any grant activity, he or she will report the conviction, in writing, within 10 calendar days of the
conviction, to the grant officer or other designee, unless the Federal agency designates a central point
for the receipt of such notices. When notice is made to such a central point, it shall include the
identification number(s) of each affected grant.

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U.S. GRANT ADMINISTRATION STANDARDS—JANUARY 2006
North American Wetlands Conservation Act and Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act

Appendix B
Definitions
These definitions are for the purpose of these Standards as applied to the NAWCA and NMBCA Grants
Programs. Many of the terms are also defined in the statutes, regulations, and OMB Circulars applicable to
Federal Assistance, and some of these are repeated verbatim below for convenience. Some, however, are
clarified for the context of the NAWCA and NMBCA Grants Programs. Others are technical terms that are
not defined in any of the applicable laws or regulations. Still others are acronyms or common words with
specific meaning in the context of the Standards.
Acquisition means the voluntary purchase, donation, or transfer of any or all of a real property interest by
means of a written deed, easement, lease assignment, or other legal instrument.
Allocable means capable of being distributed to a grant in accordance with the relative benefits received. It
is allocable to a grant if it is treated consistently with other costs incurred for the same purpose in like
circumstances. It must also meet one of the following criteria:
(a) it is incurred specifically for the award;
(b) it benefits both the award and other work and can be distributed in reasonable proportion to the
benefits received; or
(c) it is necessary to the overall operation of the organization although a direct relationship to any
particular cost objective cannot be shown.
Any cost allocable to a particular award or other cost objective under these principles may not be shifted to
other Federal awards to overcome funding deficiencies, or to avoid restrictions imposed by law or by the
terms of the award.
Applicant is any entity that has applied for a NAWCA or NMBCA grant by submitting a Proposal.
Assistance Award is the instrument used by FWS to financially obligate grant funds under NAWCA or
NMBCA, and is included in the Grant Agreement.
Award means Federal financial assistance to an eligible recipient for the purpose of providing support or
stimulation to accomplish a public purpose. An award occurs when an authorized representative of the
FWS signs the Grant Agreement.
Bargain sale is a voluntary transfer of some interest in real property for less than the market value of that
interest.
Buyer means (for purposes of land acquisition under a NAWCA grant) the entity that is purchasing some or
all of the interests or rights in a specific tract of land.
CFR means the Code of Federal Regulations.
Construction means the erection, assembly, installation, alteration, demolition, destruction, removal, or
repair (including dredging, excavating, and painting) of buildings, structures, and other improvements of
real property of all types. Land acquisition and land development are also classified as construction.
Almost all restoration, enhancement, and wetland creation activities in a NAWCA- or NMBCA-funded
project result in soil disturbance, either directly or indirectly, and can be categorized as conservationoriented construction.
Cooperative agreement , like a grant, is a legal instrument documenting the relationship between the FWS
and a grant recipient. However, in a cooperative agreement, the Service is substantially involved in the
grant activities. For purposes of these Standards, the term Grant Agreement includes cooperative
agreements.

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U.S. GRANT ADMINISTRATION STANDARDS—JANUARY 2006
North American Wetlands Conservation Act and Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act
Create wetlands (wetland creation) means to manipulate through design, construction and management,
the physical, chemical, and/or biological characteristics of a site to produce and sustain a wetland that did
not previously exist there. Such establishment results in a gain in wetland acres.
Debarment means an action taken by an authorized official in accordance with the regulations in 43 CFR
12 subpart D to exclude a person from Federal financial and non-financial assistance and benefits under
Federal programs and activities. Debarment by any agency has government-wide effect. A person within
the context of this definition is an individual, corporation, partnership, association, unit of government or
legal entity, however organized, except: foreign governments or foreign governmental entities, public
international organizations, foreign government owned (in whole or in part) or controlled entities, and
entities consisting wholly or partially of foreign governments or foreign governmental entities.
Direct costs are those costs necessary to meet a project’s specific objectives, including conservation project
activities and directly allocable administrative costs. See indirect costs.
Electronic funds transfer process means any transfer of funds, other than a transaction originated by cash,
check, or similar paper instrument, which is initiated through an electronic terminal, telephone, computer,
or magnetic tape, for the purpose of ordering, instructing, or authorizing a financial institution to debit or
credit an account. All Federal payments made by an agency shall be made by electronic funds transfer
when possible.
Eligible cost means a cost that can be reimbursed with Federal grant and/or matching funds or accepted as
a matching in-kind contribution as a result of policy established by the North American Wetlands
Conservation Council.
Encumber real property means to attach a claim, liability, or some other right to real property and make it
binding on the same. An encumbrance may burden or lessen the value of the real property or obstruct or
impair its use. It does not necessarily prevent transfer of title.
Enhance habitat means to modify or rehabilitate an existing or degraded habitat to meet project objectives
without bringing it to a fully restored or naturally occurring condition.
Equipment means tangible non-expendable personal property, including exempt property charged directly
to the award, having a useful life of more than one year and an acquisition cost of $5,000 or more per unit.
However, consistent with recipient policy, lower limits may be established.
Federal assistance is the transfer of money, property, services, or anything of value from the United States
government to a Recipient to accomplish a public purpose of support or stimulation authorized by a Federal
statute.
Federal Cash Transactions are grant fund receipts and expenditures reportable on the SF-272, required
only if Recipient opts to receive advances of grant funds.
Funding period means the period of time established in the Grant Agreement when Federal funding is
available for obligation by the Recipient. The funding period begins on the first day during which the
Recipient may request an advance of funds or a reimbursement. It ends on the last day that the Recipient
may incur costs for the project. For purposes of these Standards, the funding period means the same as
“project period,” “grant period,” or the “period of performance”.
FWS means the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, an agency of the Department of the Interior.
Grant Agreement may be a grant or cooperative agreement, and consists of a signed Assistance Award and
incorporated provisions, the Recipient's project proposal, and the Recipient's signed SF-424 including
required certifications and assurances. It is the legal instrument used to document a type of relationship
between FWS and a Recipient of an award under NAWCA or NMBCA.

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U.S. GRANT ADMINISTRATION STANDARDS—JANUARY 2006
North American Wetlands Conservation Act and Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act
Grant funds are Federal financial assistance provided through NAWCA or NMBCA to an eligible
Recipient for the purpose of providing support or stimulation to accomplish a public purpose. Other
Federal funds are not considered grant funds for the purposes of these Standards.
Grant Officer means the FWS official who issues a Grant Agreement. The Grant Officer will review the
progress of the grant-funded project, approve or disapprove all requests for prior approval or concurrence,
recommend reductions in the grant amount where appropriate, and perform the final review of the project
prior to close-out. May also be called Program Officer.
Incurred costs means those costs for which an obligation to pay commences on: (a) the earlier of placing
an order, signing a contract, or performing or receiving a service; or (b) in the case of real property, taking
title to real property.
Indirect costs means those that have been incurred for common or joint objectives and cannot readily be
identified with a particular final cost objective without effort disproportionate to the results achieved.
Indirect costs include all costs determined, allocated, or distributed in accordance with the methods
authorized for indirect costs in the Federal Cost Principles.
Ineligible cost means a cost that cannot be reimbursed with Federal grant and/or matching funds or
accepted as a matching in-kind contribution as a result of policy established by the North American
Wetlands Conservation Council
Interest in real property means a legal share of ownership, whether entire or partial, fee simple, easement,
or other, in land including land improvements, structures, and appurtenances such as trees, grass, and other
plants growing on the land except crops.
Market value is the most probable price for a property to be sold in an open and competitive market, as
established by professional appraisal or other accepted valuation; also referred to as fair market value.
Matching cash contribution means any cash that is donated for use as non-Federal match to a project by
the Recipient or by other partners under the terms of the Grant Agreement. No cash with a direct or
indirect Federal origin, or that was received or used as match under other Federal assistance agreements,
qualifies as a matching cash contribution unless authorized by Federal legislation. A matching contribution
described as cash, but expended for property or services for which the cost was incurred before FWS
receives the proposal, is considered a matching in-kind contribution.
Matching in-kind contribution means any property or service that is donated by a non-Federal entity under
the terms of a Grant Agreement. The match provider gives the property or service without charge or for a
nominal payment or something of nominal or no market value. No property or service, or part thereof,
funded by the Federal government or received or used as match under other Federal assistance agreements,
qualifies as a matching in-kind contribution unless authorized by Federal law. Matching in-kind
contributions are only eligible in NAWCA grants, not NMBCA.
NAWCA means the North American Wetlands Conservation Act (16 U.S.C. 4401 et seq., and amendments
thereto).
NMBCA means the Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act (16 U.S.C. 6101 et seq., and
amendments thereto).
Notice of Grant Requirements means a written instrument recorded in the county recorder’s office, the
registrar of deeds office, the commissioner of deeds office, the county registrar’s office, or the bureau of
conveyances, in reference to any real property right that is part of a NAWCA-funded project. The Notice
of Grant Requirements states the purpose of project and serves as notice that any sale or encumbrance of
the referenced property rights must be approved by the FWS.

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U.S. GRANT ADMINISTRATION STANDARDS—JANUARY 2006
North American Wetlands Conservation Act and Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act
Obligate funds means place an order, award a contract, award a grant, receive a service, or make a similar
transaction during a given period that will require payment during the same or a future period.
Old match means eligible matching in-kind contributions acquired or performed before the FWS receives a
NAWCA proposal. Matching in-kind contributions are not eligible for a NMBCA proposal.
Other authorized titleholder means any entity that holds an interest in real property acquired with grant or
matching funds or as a matching in-kind contribution, but is not necessarily a “recipient” or “subrecipient.”
One example of an “other authorized titleholder” is a nonprofit organization that buys land and commits it
as match for a NAWCA project, but retains ownership and continues to administer the land for the
purposes of the project. Another example would be a nonprofit organization that received title to land
acquired under a Grant Agreement as a FWS-transfer five years after the funding period.
Partner is a group, agency, organization, or individual which participates in a specific NAWCA or
NMBCA project as recipient, subrecipient or match provider.
Pre-agreement costs means those project costs to be funded by Federal grant and/or matching funds, which
are incurred after FWS receives the proposal and before it signs the Grant Agreement. Such costs are
allowable only to the extent that they would have been allowable if incurred during the funding period.
This term is synonymous with “pre-award costs”.
Program income means gross income earned by the Recipient or subrecipient that is directly generated by
the Grant Agreement or earned only as a result of the Grant Agreement. Program income may be generated
by both the federally funded and match-funded portions of the award, but must be generated after the
beginning of the funding period. Program income includes but is not limited to: income from recreational
or other fees; income from the use, rental, or lease of any real or personal property; the sale of timber,
firewood, hay, seed, wild rice, agricultural production, and other commodities; and the sale of specific
quantities (but not the real property interests therein) of water, earth, gravel, oil, gas, and minerals; and the
use or rental of personal or real property acquired under the Grant Agreement. Net program income is
program income less the costs incident to the generation of the program income, provided these costs have
not been: (a) charged to the Federal funds in the award; (b) charged to a matching cash contribution; or c)
provided as a matching in-kind contribution.
Project means a program of related undertakings necessary to fulfill a defined need consistent with the
purposes of NAWCA or NMBCA and approved by the Migratory Bird Conservation Commission or FWS
Director, as applicable.
Project Activity refers to any undertaking sponsored by grant funds or accomplished through a matching
contribution. Project activities are defined in the application instructions for NAWCA and NMBCA grants.
Proposal means all the documents that are submitted with, or pursuant to, a NAWCA or NMBCA grant
application to the FWS.
Real property means land, including land improvements, structures, and appurtenances such as trees, grass,
and other plants growing on the land except crops. It does not include movable machinery and equipment.
Real property valuation means the method used for determining market value of real property, generally a
professional appraisal.
Recipient means an entity that receives an award to carry out a project. The Recipient is the entire legal
entity even if only a particular component of the entity is designated in the grant award document.
Restore habitat means to return the quantity and quality of habitat to some previous condition, often some
desirable historic baseline considered suitable and sufficient to support healthy and self-sustaining
populations of fish and wildlife.

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U.S. GRANT ADMINISTRATION STANDARDS—JANUARY 2006
North American Wetlands Conservation Act and Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act
State means any of the several States of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of
Puerto Rico, any territory or possession of the United States, or any agency or instrumentality of a State
exclusive of local governments.
Subaward means financial assistance in the form of money or property made under an award by a
Recipient to an eligible subrecipient or by a subrecipient to a lower-tier subrecipient. The term includes
financial assistance when provided by any legal agreement, even if the agreement is called a contract, but
does not include procurement of goods and services. For the purposes of the NAWCA Grants Program,
“subaward” is synonymous with “subgrant.”
Subrecipient or subgrantee is the legal entity that receives a subaward and is accountable to the Recipient
for the use of the funds provided. The subrecipient is the entire legal entity even if only a particular
component of the entity is designated in the grant award document.
Suspension means an action taken by a suspending official in accordance with the regulations in 43 CFR,
part 12, subpart D, that immediately excludes a person from participating in covered transactions for a
temporary period, pending completion of an investigation, pending completion of an investigation and such
legal, debarment, or Program Fraud Civil Remedies Act Proceedings as may ensue. A person so excluded
is suspended. A person within the context of this definition is an individual, corporation, partnership,
association, unit of government or legal entity, however organized, except: foreign governments or foreign
governmental entities, public international organizations, foreign government owned (in whole or in part)
or controlled entities, and entities consisting wholly or partially of foreign governments or foreign
governmental entities.
Tenant means a person who has the temporary use and occupancy of real property owned by another,
whether for residential or business purposes.
Term of an agreement means a provision or condition of that agreement.
Term of a less-than-perpetual easement means the length of time that the holder of the easement may
exercise limited use of another’s land.
Term of a lease means the length of time that a tenant may rightfully occupy the premises, as stipulated in
the lease document.
Transfer of title means a change in ownership of any or all real property rights.

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U.S. GRANT ADMINISTRATION STANDARDS—JANUARY 2006
North American Wetlands Conservation Act and Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act
INDEX
36 CFR, 5, 9
43 CFR, 4, 10, 11, 24, 26, 32, 35
49 CFR, 1, 4, 10, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20
Acquisition, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14,
16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 31, 32
Acreage, 6, 7, 9, 22, 32
Addition, 7, 11, 28
Advance(s), 6, 9, 11, 12, 13, 21, 32
Allocable, 10, 11, 15, 31, 32
Allowable, 1, 2, 5, 8, 10, 11, 34
Applicant, 8, 31
Appraisal, 2, 15, 16, 17, 18, 33, 34
Appraisal review, 15, 16, 17, 18
Assistance award, 4, 6, 23, 28, 31, 32
Assurances, 1, 4, 5, 16, 28, 32
Audit, 3, 12, 26, 27
Authority, 1, 3, 4, 5, 16, 18, 24, 27
Authorized Representative, 28
Award, 5, 10, 22, 28, 29, 31, 32, 34, 35
Bargain sale, 17, 18, 31
Boundaries, 7, 21
Buyer, 16, 17, 18, 31
Certifications, 1, 4, 28, 32
Changes, 17, 21, 22, 35
Closing statement, 18
Condemnation, 2, 15, 16, 18
Conservation, 11, 21, 31, 32
Construction, 4, 22, 31, 32
Cost Principles, 8, 11, 22, 33
Cost sharing, 11
Costs, 1, 2, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 22, 23,
26, 31, 32, 33, 34
Create, 3, 7, 21, 22, 27, 32
De minimis, 22
Debarment, 3, 4, 24, 25, 26, 28, 32, 35
Debt, 3, 26
Deduction, 11
Deed, 3, 18, 19, 31, 33
Documentation, 1, 5, 6, 7, 9, 16, 17, 18
Drug-Free Workplace, 5, 29
Easement, 3, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 27, 31, 33,
35
Electronic funds transfer process, 5, 6, 11,
32
Eligible cost, 32
Eminent domain, 16, 18
Encumber, 3, 20, 32
Endangered Species Act, 5, 15
Enhance, 3, 7, 20, 21, 22, 27, 32

Equipment, 2, 3, 7, 13, 14, 27, 32, 34
Excess, 1, 9, 12, 14, 17
Execution, 5
Extension, 3, 21, 22, 29
Federal assistance, 12, 32, 33
Federal cash advance, 2, 12, 13
Federal cash transaction, 6, 32
Fees, 15, 34
Funding period, 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 21,
22, 24, 32, 34
Grant Agreement, 1, 5, 8, 12, 15, 16, 18, 25,
26, 29, 31, 32, 35
Grant funds, 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13, 15, 17,
19, 23, 31, 32, 33, 34
Grant officer, 29, 30
Health and Human Services, 12
Income, 2, 10, 11, 34
Incurred costs, 33
Indirect costs, 2, 11, 22, 32, 33
Interest in real property, 2, 14, 18, 19, 20,
31, 33, 34
Interest-bearing account, 2, 12, 13
Jurisdiction, 4, 19
Landowner, 16
Lease, 2, 3, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 27, 31, 34, 35
Lobbying, 5, 28, 29
Maps, 7
Market value, 2, 14, 16, 17, 18, 31, 33, 34
Matching cash contribution, 1, 8, 10, 33, 34
Matching contributions, 1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 20, 22, 33, 34
Matching in-kind contribution, 1, 6, 7, 8, 9,
10, 14, 18, 19, 20, 32, 33, 34
Monitoring, 3, 24, 27
National Environmental Policy Act, 5, 15
National Historic Preservation Act, 1, 5, 9,
15
National Wildlife Refuge System, 5, 6
Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation
Act (NMBCA), 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, 11, 15,
16, 18, 19, 20, 24, 27, 31, 32, 33, 34
Noncompliance, 3, 22, 23, 24, 26
Non-Profit, 10, 27, 34
North American Wetlands Conservation Act
(NAWCA), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11,
15, 20, 21, 24, 27, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35
Notice, 2, 5, 16, 17, 19, 29, 30, 33
Notice of Grant Requirements, 19, 33
Objectives, 6, 7, 9, 32, 33

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U.S. GRANT ADMINISTRATION STANDARDS—JANUARY 2006
North American Wetlands Conservation Act and Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act
Obligate, 31, 34
Obligation, 3, 8, 12, 14, 15, 17, 20, 32, 33
Old match, 5, 34
OMB Circulars, 8, 31
Overhead, 2, 11
Partner, 34
Penalties, 3, 26, 29
Pre-agreement costs, 1, 7, 8, 34
Program income, 2, 10, 11, 12, 34
Project Activity, 34
Proposal, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 16,
18, 19, 20, 21, 28, 31, 32, 33, 34
Real property, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14,
15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, 25, 27, 28,
31, 32, 33, 34, 35
Real property valuation, 15, 17, 34
Regional Offices, 6
Reimbursement, 11, 24, 32
Relocation, 1, 2, 10, 15, 16, 18, 19
Remedies, 23, 24, 26
Report, 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 21, 23, 26, 29,
30
Restore, 3, 7, 20, 21, 22, 27, 32, 34
Risk, 8, 15, 19
Seller, 2, 16, 17, 18
SMARTLINK, 6, 11
Standard Form 269, 6
Standard Form 272, 6, 32
Standard Form 424, 4, 5, 28, 32
Standard Form 424B, 4

Standard Form 424D, 4
Standards, 1, 4, 5, 8, 17, 24, 31, 32, 33
State, 10, 12, 13, 14, 17, 19, 25, 28, 30, 35
State-certified, 17
Subaward, 35
Subrecipient, 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14,
15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 26, 27, 34, 35
Substitutions, 7, 19, 21
Supplies, 2, 3, 7, 9, 13, 14, 27
Surveys, 15
Suspension, 3, 4, 24, 25, 26, 28, 35
Taxes, 15
Technical Assessment Questions, 6
Tenant, 2, 17, 18, 19, 35
Termination, 1, 5, 14, 23, 27, 30
Title, 2, 3, 8, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 29, 33, 34
Title insurance, 15
Titleholder, 20, 21, 34
Transfer of title, 15, 17, 32, 35
Treasury-State agreement, 12, 26
Tribal, 12, 13
Tribes, 12, 27
Uniform Appraisal Standards of Federal
Land Acquisition, 17
Violation, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30
Waiver, 3, 19, 20
Wetland, 11, 21, 27, 31, 32
Year, 6, 7, 9, 12, 13, 14, 19, 21, 22, 26, 28,
32, 34

34