Statutory Authorization

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[Laws in effect as of January 2, 2001]
[Document not affected by Public Laws enacted between
January 2, 2001 and December 19, 2002]
[CITE: 33USC1903]
TITLE 33--NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS
CHAPTER 33--PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS
Sec. 1903. Administration and enforcement
(a) Duty of Secretary; Annexes of Convention applicable to seagoing
vessels
Unless otherwise specified in this chapter, the Secretary shall
administer and enforce the MARPOL Protocol, Annex IV to the Antarctic
Protocol, and this chapter. In the administration and enforcement of the
MARPOL Protocol and this chapter, Annexes I and II of the Convention
apply only to seagoing ships.
(b) Regulations; refuse record books; waste management plans;
notification of crew and passengers
(1) The Secretary shall prescribe any necessary or desired
regulations to carry out the provisions of the MARPOL Protocol, Annex IV
to the Antarctic Protocol, or this chapter.
(2) The Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard is
operating shall-(A) prescribe regulations which-(i) require certain ships described in section 1902(a)(1) of
this title to maintain refuse record books and shipboard
management plans, and to display placards which notify the crew
and passengers of the requirements of Annex V to the Convention
and of Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol; and
(ii) specify the ships described in section 1902(a)(1) of
this title to which the regulations apply;
(B) seek an international agreement or international agreements
which apply requirements equivalent to those described in
subparagraph (A)(i) to all vessels subject to Annex V to the
Convention; and
(C) within 2 years after the effective date of this paragraph,
report to the Congress-(i) regarding activities of the Secretary under subparagraph
(B); and
(ii) if the Secretary has not obtained agreements pursuant
to subparagraph (B) regarding the desirability of applying the
requirements described in subparagraph (A)(i) to all vessels
described in section 1902(a) of this title which call at United
States ports.
(c) Utilization of personnel, facilities, or equipment of other Federal
departments and agencies
The Secretary may utilize by agreement, with or without
reimbursement, personnel, facilities, or equipment of other Federal
departments and agencies in administering the MARPOL Protocol, this
chapter, or the regulations thereunder.
(Pub. L. 96-478, Sec. 4, Oct. 21, 1980, 94 Stat. 2298; Pub. L. 100-220,
title II, Sec. 2107, Dec. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 1464; Pub. L. 104-227,

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title II, Sec. 201(c), Oct. 2, 1996, 110 Stat. 3042.)
References in Text
The effective date of this paragraph, referred to in subsec.
(b)(2)(C), is Dec. 31, 1988, the effective date of section 2107(b) of
Pub. L. 100-220 which added par. (2) to subsec. (b). See Effective Date
of 1987 Amendment note below.
Amendments
1996--Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104-227, Sec. 201(c)(1), inserted ``,
Annex IV to the Antarctic Protocol,'' after ``the MARPOL Protocol'' in
first sentence.
Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 104-227, Sec. 201(c)(2), inserted ``, Annex
IV to the Antarctic Protocol,'' after ``the MARPOL Protocol''.
Subsec. (b)(2)(A). Pub. L. 104-227, Sec. 201(c)(3), (4), struck out
``within 1 year after the effective date of this paragraph,'' before
``prescribe'' in introductory provisions and inserted ``and of Annex IV
to the Antarctic Protocol'' after ``the Convention'' in cl. (i).
1987--Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 100-220, Sec. 2107(a), amended subsec.
(a) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (a) read as follows: ``Unless
otherwise specified herein, the Secretary shall administer and enforce
the MARPOL Protocol and this chapter. In the administration and
enforcement of the MARPOL Protocol and this chapter, Annexes I and II of
the MARPOL Protocol shall be applicable only to seagoing ships.''
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 100-220, Sec. 2107(b), designated existing
provisions as par. (1) and added par. (2).
Effective Date of 1987 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 100-220 effective Dec. 31, 1988, the date on
which Annex V to the International Convention for the Prevention of
Pollution from Ships, 1973, entered into force for the United States,
see section 2002(a) of Pub. L. 100-220, set out as a note under section
1901 of this title.
Effective Date
Subsec. (b) of this section effective Oct. 21, 1980, see section
14(b) of Pub. L. 96-478, set out as a note under section 1901 of this
title.

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From the U.S. Code Online via GPO Access
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[Laws in effect as of January 2, 2001]
[Document not affected by Public Laws enacted between
January 2, 2001 and December 19, 2002]
[CITE: 46USC3103]
TITLE 46--SHIPPING
Subtitle II--Vessels and Seamen
Part B--Inspection and Regulation of Vessels
CHAPTER 31--GENERAL
Sec. 3103. Use of reports, documents, and records
The Secretary may rely, as evidence of compliance with this
subtitle, on-(1) reports, documents, and records of other persons who have
been determined by the Secretary to be reliable; and
(2) other methods the Secretary has determined to be reliable.
(Added Pub. L. 104-324, title VI, Sec. 603(a), Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat.
3930.)

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From the U.S. Code Online via GPO Access
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[Laws in effect as of January 2, 2001]
[Document not affected by Public Laws enacted between
January 2, 2001 and December 19, 2002]
[CITE: 46USC3205]
TITLE 46--SHIPPING
Subtitle II--Vessels and Seamen
Part B--Inspection and Regulation of Vessels
CHAPTER 32--MANAGEMENT OF VESSELS
Sec. 3205. Certification
(a) Issuance of Certificate and Document.--After verifying that the
responsible person for a vessel to which this chapter applies and the
vessel comply with the applicable requirements under this chapter, the
Secretary shall issue for the vessel, on request of the responsible
person, a Safety Management Certificate and a Document of Compliance.
(b) Maintenance of Certificate and Document.--A Safety Management
Certificate and a Document of Compliance issued for a vessel under this
section shall be maintained by the responsible person for the vessel as
required by the Secretary.
(c) Verification of Compliance.--The Secretary shall-(1) periodically review whether a responsible person having a
safety management plan approved under section 3204(b) and each
vessel to which the plan applies is complying with the plan; and
(2) revoke the Secretary's approval of the plan and each Safety
Management Certificate and Document of Compliance issued to the
person for a vessel to which the plan applies, if the Secretary
determines that the person or a vessel to which the plan applies has
not complied with the plan.
(d) Enforcement.--At the request of the Secretary, the Secretary of
the Treasury shall withhold or revoke the clearance required by section
4197 of the Revised Statutes (46 U.S.C. App. 91) of a vessel that is
subject to this chapter under section 3202(a) of this title or to the
International Safety Management Code, if the vessel does not have on
board a Safety Management Certificate and a copy of a Document of
Compliance for the vessel. Clearance may be granted on filing a bond or
other surety satisfactory to the Secretary.
(Added Pub. L. 104-324, title VI, Sec. 602(a), Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat.
3929.)
Section Referred to in Other Sections
This section is referred to in section 3204 of this title.

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From the U.S. Code Online via GPO Access
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[Laws in effect as of January 2, 2001]
[Document not affected by Public Laws enacted between
January 2, 2001 and December 19, 2002]
[CITE: 46USC3306]
TITLE 46--SHIPPING
Subtitle II--Vessels and Seamen
Part B--Inspection and Regulation of Vessels
CHAPTER 33--INSPECTION GENERALLY
Sec. 3306. Regulations
(a) To carry out this part and to secure the safety of individuals
and property on board vessels subject to inspection, the Secretary shall
prescribe necessary regulations to ensure the proper execution of, and
to carry out, this part in the most effective manner for-(1) the design, construction, alteration, repair, and operation
of those vessels, including superstructures, hulls, fittings,
equipment, appliances, propulsion machinery, auxiliary machinery,
boilers, unfired pressure vessels, piping, electric installations,
and accommodations for passengers and crew, sailing school
instructors, and sailing school students;
(2) lifesaving equipment and its use;
(3) firefighting equipment, its use, and precautionary measures
to guard against fire;
(4) inspections and tests related to paragraphs (1), (2), and
(3) of this subsection; and
(5) the use of vessel stores and other supplies of a dangerous
nature.
(b)(1) Equipment and material subject to regulation under this
section may not be used on any vessel without prior approval of the
Secretary.
(2) Except with respect to use on a public vessel, the Secretary may
treat an approval of equipment or materials by a foreign government as
approval by the Secretary for purposes of paragraph (1) if the Secretary
determines that-(A) the design standards and testing procedures used by that
government meet the requirements of the International Convention for
the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974;
(B) the approval of the equipment or material by the foreign
government will secure the safety of individuals and property on
board vessels subject to inspection; and
(C) for lifesaving equipment, the foreign government-(i) has given equivalent treatment to approvals of
lifesaving equipment by the Secretary; and
(ii) otherwise ensures that lifesaving equipment approved by
the Secretary may be used on vessels that are documented and
subject to inspection under the laws of that country.
(c) In prescribing regulations for sailing school vessels, the
Secretary shall consult with representatives of the private sector
having experience in the operation of vessels likely to be certificated
as sailing school vessels. The regulations shall-(1) reflect the specialized nature of sailing school vessel
operations, and the character, design, and construction of vessels
operating as sailing school vessels; and
(2) include requirements for notice to sailing school
instructors and sailing school students about the specialized nature

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of sailing school vessels and applicable safety regulations.
(d) In prescribing regulations for nautical school vessels operated
by the United States Merchant Marine Academy or by a State maritime
academy (as defined in section 1302(3) of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936
(46 App. U.S.C. 1295a(3))), the Secretary shall consider the function,
purpose, and operation of the vessels, their routes, and the number of
individuals who may be carried on the vessels.
(e) When the Secretary finds it in the public interest, the
Secretary may suspend or grant exemptions from the requirements of a
regulation prescribed under this section related to lifesaving and
firefighting equipment, muster lists, ground tackle and hawsers, and
bilge systems.
(f) In prescribing regulations for offshore supply vessels, the
Secretary shall consider the characteristics, methods of operation, and
the nature of the service of offshore supply vessels.
(g) In prescribing regulations for fish processing or fish tender
vessels, the Secretary shall consult with representatives of the private
sector having experience in the operation of these vessels. The
regulations shall reflect the specialized nature and economics of fish
processing or fish tender vessel operations and the character, design,
and construction of fish processing or fish tender vessels.
(h) The Secretary shall establish appropriate structural fire
protection, manning, operating, and equipment requirements for vessels
of at least 100 gross tons but less than 300 gross tons as measured
under section 14502 of this title, or an alternate tonnage measured
under section 14302 of this title as prescribed by the Secretary under
section 14104 of this title carrying not more than 150 passengers on
domestic voyages, which meet the eligibility criteria of section 2113(4)
of this title.
(i) The Secretary shall establish appropriate structural fire
protection, manning, operating, and equipment requirements for former
public vessels of the United States of at least 100 gross tons but less
that 500 gross tons as measured under section 14502 of this title, or an
alternate tonnage measured under section 14302 of this title as
prescribed by the Secretary under section 14104 of this title carrying
not more than 150 passengers on domestic voyages, which meet the
eligibility criteria of section 2113(5) of this title.
(Pub. L. 98-89, Aug. 26, 1983, 97 Stat. 513; Pub. L. 98-364, title IV,
Sec. 402(5), July 17, 1984, 98 Stat. 446; Pub. L. 103-206, title V,
Sec. 512(a), Dec. 20, 1993, 107 Stat. 2442; Pub. L. 104-324, title VI,
Sec. 604(a), (c), title VII, Sec. 712, Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3930,
3931, 3936.)
Historical and Revision Notes
-----------------------------------------------------------------------Revised section
Source section (U.S. Code)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------3306.............................. 46:366
46:369
46:375
46:390b
46:392
46:404
46:408
46:411
46:412
46:416
46:420
46:445
46:459
46:473
46:477
46:478

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46:479
46:481
46:482
46:483
46:489
46:526p
46:1295f(c)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------Section 3306 contains broad authority to prescribe regulations for
the proper inspection and certification of vessels. It provides
regulatory flexibility for meeting technological changes. The section
also permits flexibility in prescribing regulations for nautical school
vessels operated by the United States Merchant Marine Academy or by a
State maritime academy. The Secretary may suspend or grant exemptions to
certain limited inspection requirements when the Secretary finds that
this is necessary in the public interest. It also contains the
requirement that in regulating offshore supply vessels consideration
must be given to the special nature of their operations.
Amendments
1996--Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 104-324, Sec. 604(c), substituted
``paragraphs (1), (2), and (3)'' for ``clauses (1)-(3)''.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104-324, Sec. 604(a), amended subsec. (b)
generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (b) read as follows: ``Equipment
subject to regulation under this section may not be used on any vessel
without prior approval as prescribed by regulation.''
Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 104-324, Sec. 712(1), inserted ``as measured
under section 14502 of this title, or an alternate tonnage measured
under section 14302 of this title as prescribed by the Secretary under
section 14104 of this title'' after ``300 gross tons''.
Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 104-324, Sec. 712(2), inserted ``as measured
under section 14502 of this title, or an alternate tonnage measured
under section 14302 of this title as prescribed by the Secretary under
section 14104 of this title'' after ``500 gross tons''.
1993--Subsecs. (h), (i). Pub. L. 103-206 added subsecs. (h) and (i).
1984--Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 98-364 added subsec. (g).
Regulations
Section 512(b), (c) of Pub. L. 103-206 provided that:
``(b) The Secretary of Transportation shall, within twenty-four
months of the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 20, 1993], prescribe
regulations establishing the structural fire protection, manning,
operating, and equipment requirements for vessels which meet the
requirements of subsections (h) and (i) of section 3306 of title 46,
United States Code, as amended by this Act.
``(c) Before the Secretary of Transportation prescribes regulations
under subsections (h) and (i) of section 3306 of title 46, United States
Code, as amended by this Act, the Secretary may prescribe the route,
service, manning, and equipment for those vessels based on existing
passenger vessel and small passenger vessel regulations.''
Foreign Approvals
Section 604(b) of Pub. L. 104-324 provided that: ``The Secretary of
Transportation, in consultation with other interested Federal agencies,
shall work with foreign governments to have those governments approve
the use of the same equipment and materials on vessels documented under
the laws of those countries that the Secretary requires on United States
documented vessels.''

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International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea
For International Conventions for the Safety of Life at Sea to which
the United States has been a party, see section 1602 of Title 33,
Navigation and Navigable Waters, and notes thereunder.
Section Referred to in Other Sections
This section is referred to in sections 3313, 3318 of this title.

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From the U.S. Code Online via GPO Access
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[Laws in effect as of January 2, 2001]
[Document not affected by Public Laws enacted between
January 2, 2001 and December 19, 2002]
[CITE: 46USC3307]
TITLE 46--SHIPPING
Subtitle II--Vessels and Seamen
Part B--Inspection and Regulation of Vessels
CHAPTER 33--INSPECTION GENERALLY
Sec. 3307. Frequency of inspection
Each vessel subject to inspection under this part shall undergo an
initial inspection for certification before being put into service.
After being put into service-(1) each passenger vessel, nautical school vessel, and small
passenger vessel allowed to carry more than 12 passengers on a
foreign voyage shall be inspected at least once a year; and
(2) any other vessel shall be inspected at least once every 5
years.
(Pub. L. 98-89, Aug. 26, 1983, 97 Stat. 514; Pub. L. 104-324, title VI,
Sec. 605(a), Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3931.)
Historical and Revision Notes
-----------------------------------------------------------------------Revised section
Source section (U.S. Code)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------3307(1)........................... 46:391(c)
46:1295f(c)
3307(2)........................... 46:390a(a)
46:404-1(6)(i)
3307(3)........................... 46:391(b)
46:392(b)
46:404-1(6)(ii)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------Section 3307 requires each vessel subject to inspection to undergo
an initial inspection prior to being placed in service. This is normally
started during the construction or reconstruction phase and is a
continuing process until final certification for operation in a
particular trade. Subsequent periodic inspections are also required for
various types of vessels. It is to be noted that a freight vessel of
less than 100 gross tons shall be inspected at 3 year intervals while
the larger freight vessel has a 2 year inspection period. This is being
done to retain the existing procedure of issuing 3 year certificates of
inspection to smaller vessels, however, this does not prevent periodic
inspections or examinations at intervening periods.
Amendments
1996--Par. (1). Pub. L. 104-324, Sec. 605(a)(1), substituted ``,
nautical school vessel, and small passenger vessel allowed to carry more
than 12 passengers on a foreign voyage'' for ``and nautical school
vessel'' and inserted ``and'' at end.
Pars. (2), (3). Pub. L. 104-324, Sec. 605(a)(2), (3), redesignated
par. (3) as (2), substituted ``5 years'' for ``2 years'', and struck out
former par. (2) which read as follows: ``each small passenger vessel,

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freight vessel or offshore supply vessel of less than 100 gross tons,
and sailing school vessel shall be inspected at least once every 3
years; and''.
Section Referred to in Other Sections
This section is referred to in sections 3308, 3309 of this title.

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From the U.S. Code Online via GPO Access
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[Laws in effect as of January 2, 2001]
[Document not affected by Public Laws enacted between
January 2, 2001 and December 19, 2002]
[CITE: 46USC3703]
TITLE 46--SHIPPING
Subtitle II--Vessels and Seamen
Part B--Inspection and Regulation of Vessels
CHAPTER 37--CARRIAGE OF LIQUID BULK DANGEROUS CARGOES
Sec. 3703. Regulations
(a) The Secretary shall prescribe regulations for the design,
construction, alteration, repair, maintenance, operation, equipping,
personnel qualification, and manning of vessels to which this chapter
applies, that may be necessary for increased protection against hazards
to life and property, for navigation and vessel safety, and for enhanced
protection of the marine environment. The Secretary may prescribe
different regulations applicable to vessels engaged in the domestic
trade, and also may prescribe regulations that exceed standards set
internationally. Regulations prescribed by the Secretary under this
subsection are in addition to regulations prescribed under other laws
that may apply to any of those vessels. Regulations prescribed under
this subsection shall include requirements about-(1) superstructures, hulls, cargo holds or tanks, fittings,
equipment, appliances, propulsion machinery, auxiliary machinery,
and boilers;
(2) the handling or stowage of cargo, the manner of handling or
stowage of cargo, and the machinery and appliances used in the
handling or stowage;
(3) equipment and appliances for lifesaving, fire protection,
and prevention and mitigation of damage to the marine environment;
(4) the manning of vessels and the duties, qualifications, and
training of the officers and crew;
(5) improvements in vessel maneuvering and stopping ability and
other features that reduce the possibility of marine casualties;
(6) the reduction of cargo loss if a marine casualty occurs; and
(7) the reduction or elimination of discharges during
ballasting, deballasting, tank cleaning, cargo handling, or other
such activity.
(b) In prescribing regulations under subsection (a) of this section,
the Secretary shall consider the types and grades of cargo permitted to
be on board a tank vessel.
(c) In prescribing regulations under subsection (a) of this section,
the Secretary shall establish procedures for consulting with, and
receiving and considering the views of-(1) interested departments, agencies, and instrumentalities of
the United States Government;
(2) officials of State and local governments;
(3) representatives of port and harbor authorities and
associations;
(4) representatives of environmental groups; and
(5) other interested parties knowledgeable or experienced in
dealing with problems involving vessel safety, port and waterways
safety, and protection of the marine environment.
(Pub. L. 98-89, Aug. 26, 1983, 97 Stat. 522.)

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Historical and Revision Notes
-----------------------------------------------------------------------Revised section
Source section (U.S. Code)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------3703.............................. 46:391a(6)
46:391a(12)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------Section 3703 requires the Secretary to issue regulations to
implement this section. Specific items are listed to be included within
the regulations issued. The regulatory authority must be exercised under
the Administrative Procedure Act and, in prescribing these regulations,
the Secretary must consider the kinds and grades of cargo carried on
board. Furthermore, in addition to any requirements of the
Administrative Procedure Act, the Secretary must establish specific
consultation procedures for considering the views of various specified
interested officials, groups, and individuals. The procedures are
intended to provide for consultation as early as possible in the
regulatory process.
Studies Addressing Various Sources of Oil Spill Risk
Pub. L. 104-324, title IX, Sec. 903, Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3947,
provided that:
``(a) Study of Group-5 Fuel Oil Spills.-``(1) Definition.--In this subsection, the term `group-5 fuel
oil' means a petroleum-based oil that has a specific gravity of
greater than 1.0.
``(2) Coordination of study.--The Secretary of Transportation
shall coordinate with the Marine Board of the National Research
Council to conduct a study of the relative environmental and public
health risks posed by discharges of group-5 fuel oil.
``(3) Matters to be included.--The study under this subsection
shall include a review and analysis of-``(A) the specific risks posed to the public health or
welfare of the United States, including fish, shellfish and
wildlife, public and private property, shorelines, beaches,
habitat, and other natural resources under the jurisdiction or
control of the United States, as a result of an actual or
threatened discharge of group-5 fuel oil from a vessel or
facility;
``(B) cleanup technologies currently available to address
actual or threatened discharge of group-5 fuel oil; and
``(C) any technological and financial barriers that prevent
the prompt remediation of discharges of group-5 fuel oil.
``(4) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date of
enactment of this Act [Oct. 19, 1996], the Secretary of
Transportation shall submit to the Committee on Environment and
Public Works and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
Transportation of the Senate, and the Committee on Transportation
and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives a report on the
results of the study under this subsection.
``(5) Rulemaking.--If the Secretary of Transportation
determines, based on the results of the study under this subsection,
that there are significant risks to public health or the environment
resulting from the actual or threatened discharge of group-5 fuel
oil from a vessel or facility that cannot be technologically or
economically addressed by existing or anticipated cleanup efforts,
the Secretary may initiate a rulemaking to take such action as is
necessary to abate the threat.
``(b) Study of Automatic Fueling Shutoff Equipment.-``(1) Coordination of study.--The Secretary of Transportation
shall coordinate with the Marine Board of the National Research
Council to conduct a study of the unintentional or accidental

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discharge of fuel oil during lightering or fuel loading or offloading activity.
``(2) Matters to be included.--The study under this subsection
shall include a review and analysis of current monitoring and
fueling practices to determine the need for automatic fuel shutoff
equipment to prevent the accidental discharge of fuel oil, and
whether such equipment is needed as a supplement to or replacement
of existing preventive equipment or procedures.
``(3) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date of
enactment of this Act [Oct. 19, 1996], the Secretary of
Transportation shall submit to the Committee on Environment and
Public Works and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Transportation and
Infrastructure of the House of Representatives a report on the
results of the study under this subsection.
``(4) Rulemaking.--If the Secretary of Transportation
determines, based on the results of the study conducted under this
subsection, that the use of automatic oil shutoff equipment is
necessary to prevent the actual or threatened discharge of oil
during lightering or fuel loading or off[-]loading activity, the
Secretary may initiate a rulemaking to take such action as is
necessary to abate a threat to public health or the environment.
``(c) Lightering Study.--The Secretary of Transportation shall
coordinate with the Marine Board of the National Research Council on a
study into the actual incidence and risk of oil spills from lightering
operations off the coast of the United States. Among other things, the
study shall address the manner in which existing regulations are serving
to reduce oil spill risks. The study shall take into account current or
proposed international rules and standards and also include
recommendations on measures that would be likely to further reduce the
risks of oil spills from lightering operations. Not later than 18 months
after the date of enactment of this Act [Oct. 19, 1996], the Secretary
shall submit a report on the study to the Committee on Commerce,
Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on
Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives.''
Existing Tank Vessel Research
Pub. L. 104-324, title XI, Sec. 1134, Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3985,
provided that:
``(a) Funding.--The Secretary of Transportation shall take steps to
allocate funds appropriated for research, development, testing, and
evaluation, including the combination of funds from any source available
and authorized for this purpose, to ensure that any Government-sponsored
project intended to evaluate double hull alternatives that provide equal
or greater protection to the marine environment, or interim solutions to
remediate potential environmental damage resulting from oil spills from
existing tank vessels, commenced prior to the date of enactment of this
section [Oct. 19, 1996], is fully funded for completion by the end of
fiscal year 1997. Any vessel construction or repair necessary to carry
out the purpose of this section must be performed in a shipyard located
in the United States.
``(b) Use of Public Vessels.--The Secretary may provide vessels
owned by, or demise chartered to, and operated by the Government and not
engaged in commercial service, without reimbursement, for use in and the
support of projects sponsored by the Government for research,
development, testing, evaluation, and demonstration of new or improved
technologies that are effective in preventing or mitigating oil
discharges and protecting the environment.''
Oil Spill Prevention and Response Technology Test and Evaluation Program
Pub. L. 103-206, title III, Sec. 310, Dec. 20, 1993, 107 Stat. 2425,

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provided that:
``(a) Not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of this
Act [Dec. 20, 1993], the Secretary of Transportation shall establish a
program to evaluate the technological feasibility and environmental
benefits of having tank vessels carry oil spill prevention and response
technology. To implement the program the Secretary shall-``(1) publish in the Federal Register an invitation for
submission of proposals including plans and procedures for testing;
and
``(2) review and evaluate technology using, to the maximum
extent possible, existing evaluation and performance standards.
``(b) The Secretary shall, to the maximum extent possible,
incorporate in the program established in subsection (a), the results of
existing studies and evaluations of oil spill prevention and response
technology carried on tank vessels.
``(c) Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of this
Act [Dec. 20, 1993], the Secretary shall evaluate the results of the
program established in subsection (a) and submit a report to Congress
with recommendations on the feasibility and environmental benefits of,
and appropriate equipment and utilization standards for, requiring tank
vessels to carry oil spill prevention and response equipment.
``(d) Not later than 6 months after the date of the enactment of
this Act [Dec. 20, 1993], the Secretary shall evaluate and report to the
Congress on the feasibility of using segregated ballast tanks for
emergency transfer of cargo and storage of recovered oil.''
Regulations Requiring Periodic Gauging of Plating Thickness for Oil
Carrying Commercial Vessels
Pub. L. 101-380, title IV, Sec. 4109, Aug. 18, 1990, 104 Stat. 515,
provided that: ``Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment
of this Act [Aug. 18, 1990], the Secretary shall issue regulations for
vessels constructed or adapted to carry, or that carry, oil in bulk as
cargo or cargo residue-``(1) establishing minimum standards for plating thickness; and
``(2) requiring, consistent with generally recognized principles
of international law, periodic gauging of the plating thickness of
all such vessels over 30 years old operating on the navigable waters
or the waters of the exclusive economic zone.''
Regulations Requiring Use of Overfill and Tank Level or Monitoring
Devices on Oil Carrying Commercial Vessels
Pub. L. 101-380, title IV, Sec. 4110, Aug. 18, 1990, 104 Stat. 515,
provided that:
``(a) Standards.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the
enactment of this Act [Aug. 18, 1990], the Secretary shall establish, by
regulation, minimum standards for devices for warning persons of
overfills and tank levels of oil in cargo tanks and devices for
monitoring the pressure of oil cargo tanks.
``(b) Use.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of
this Act [Aug. 18, 1990], the Secretary shall issue regulations
establishing, consistent with generally recognized principles of
international law, requirements concerning the use of-``(1) overfill devices, and
``(2) tank level or pressure monitoring devices,
which are referred to in subsection (a) and which meet the standards
established by the Secretary under subsection (a), on vessels
constructed or adapted to carry, or that carry, oil in bulk as cargo or
cargo residue on the navigable waters and the waters of the exclusive
economic zone.''

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Tanker Navigation Safety Standards Study
Pub. L. 101-380, title IV, Sec. 4111, Aug. 18, 1990, 104 Stat. 515,
directed Secretary, not later than 2 years after Aug. 18, 1990, to
conduct a study and report to Congress on whether existing laws and
regulations are adequate to ensure safe navigation of vessels
transporting oil or hazardous substances in bulk on navigable waters and
waters of the exclusive economic zone.
Rules Governing Operation of Vessels on Auto-Pilot or With Unattended
Engine Room
Pub. L. 101-380, title IV, Sec. 4114(a), Aug. 18, 1990, 104 Stat.
517, provided that: ``In order to protect life, property, and the
environment, the Secretary shall initiate a rulemaking proceeding within
180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 18, 1990] to
define the conditions under, and designate the waters upon, which tank
vessels subject to section 3703 of title 46, United States Code, may
operate in the navigable waters with the auto-pilot engaged or with an
unattended engine room.''
Regulations Requiring Escorts for Certain Tankers; ``Tanker'' Defined
Pub. L. 101-380, title IV, Sec. 4116(c), (d), Aug. 18, 1990, 104
Stat. 523, provided that:
``(c) Escorts for Certain Tankers.--Not later than 6 months after
the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 18, 1990], the Secretary
shall initiate issuance of regulations under section 3703(a)(3) of title
46, United States Code, to define those areas, including Prince William
Sound, Alaska, and Rosario Strait and Puget Sound, Washington (including
those portions of the Strait of Juan de Fuca east of Port Angeles, Haro
Strait, and the Strait of Georgia subject to United States
jurisdiction), on which single hulled tankers over 5,000 gross tons
transporting oil in bulk shall be escorted by at least two towing
vessels (as defined under section 2101 of title 46, United States Code)
or other vessels considered appropriate by the Secretary.
``(d) Tanker Defined.--In this section [amending section 8502 of
this title] the term `tanker' has the same meaning the term has in
section 2101 of title 46, United States Code.''
Section Referred to in Other Sections
This section is referred to in title 42 section 7511b.

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