Form 590 CQs for OMB started 10.5.12

Measures Name/Client name (CQs and Answer choices)
EPA
SAC5522	A	Which of the following best describes your work?	SAC5522A001	Regulated company/entity		Radio button, one-up vertical	Single	Y	Skip Logic Group	Business Work
			SAC5522A002	EPA contractor
				Environmental consultant
			SAC5522A003	Contractor for other federal agency
			SAC5522A004	Consultant
			SAC5522A005	Other, please specify:	D
SAC5523	D	Please specify your business role:				Text area, no char limit	Single	N	Skip Logic Group	Other Work
SAC5524	B	Are you an EPA employee?	SAC5524A001	Yes		Radio button, one-up vertical		y	Skip Logic Group	EPA employee
			SAC5524A002	No
SAC5525		How frequently do you use the EPA.gov Web site?	SAC5525A001	Daily		Radio Button One Up Vertical	Single	Y		Frequency
			SAC5525A002	Weekly
			SAC5525A003	Monthly
			SAC5525A004	A couple of times a year
			SAC5525A005	About once a year
			SAC5525A006	This is my first time
SAC5527		How did you look for information on the site today? (Please select all that apply.)	SAC5527A001	Search box	A	Checkbox, one-up vertical	Multi	Y	Skip Logic Group	Look for Info
			SAC5527A002	Advanced search	A
			SAC5527A003	Left navigation bar
			SAC5527A004	Resources
			SAC5527A005	A-Z Index
			SAC5527A006	Browse all topics
			SAC5527A008	Other, please specify:	B
			SAC5527A007	Did not use any of these tools				exclusive
SAC5528	B	The other way I looked for information was:				Text area, no char limit	Single	N	Skip Logic Group	OE_Look for Info
SAC5529	A	Which of the following best describes your experience with the Search Tools?	SAC5529A001	I did not encounter any difficulties/search worked well		Checkbox, one-up vertical	Single Multi	N	Skip Logic Group	Search Tools
			SAC5529A002	Returned too many results
			SAC5529A003	Returned results that were similar/redundant
			SAC5529A004	I was not sure what words to use in my search
			SAC5529A005	Search required too many refinements to get what I wanted
			SAC5529A006	Search returned no results at all
			SAC5529A007	Other, please specify:	C
SAC5530	C	Please describe your experience with the search tool:				Text area, no char limit	Single	N	Skip Logic Group	Other Search Tool
SAC5531		Which of the following best describes your navigation experience on the site:	SAC5531A001	I did not have difficulty navigating the site		Radio button, one-up vertical	Single	Y	Skip Logic Group	Navigation
			SAC5531A002	I had difficulty navigating the site	A, B
SAC5532	A	Which of the following navigation difficulties did you have:	SAC5532A001	Could not navigate back to previous information		Checkbox, one-up vertical	Multi	N	Skip Logic Group	Navigation Difficulties
			SAC5532A002	Would often feel lost, not know where I was
			SAC5532A003	Links did not take me where I expected
			SAC5532A004	Links/labels are difficult to understand
			SAC5532A005	Too many links or navigational choices
			SAC5532A006	Had technical difficulties (e.g. broken links, error messages)
			SAC5532A007	Other, please specify:	B
SAC5533	B	Please describe the difficulty you had with navigating the site today:				Text area, no char limit	Single	N	Skip Logic Group	Other OE_Nav
SAC5536		Did you find the information you were looking for today?	SAC5536A001	Yes		Radio button, one-up vertical	Single	Y	Skip Logic Group	Find What Looking For
			SAC5536A002	Partially	A
			SAC5536A003	No	A
SAC5537	A	What couldn't you find?				Text area, no char limit	Single	N	Skip Logic Group	Did Not Find
SAC5540		Why did you visit the EPA.gov site today? (Please check all that apply):	SAC5540A001	Read EPA's latest announcements		Checkbox, one-up vertical	Multi	Y	Skip Logic Group	Why Visit
			SAC5540A002	Learn about an environmental issue
			SAC5540A003	Find out what my community, family, or I can do about an environmental issue
			SAC5540A004	Learn about programs my company or organization can join
			SAC5540A005	Find out what EPA is doing about an issue
			SAC5540A006	Find environmental information about my local area
			SAC5540A007	Discover what my company has to do to comply with regulations
			SAC5540A008	Comment on a draft regulation
			SAC5540A009	Report data to EPA from my company, state, etc.
			SAC5540A010	Learn about EPA's research efforts
			SAC5540A011	Find information for kids
			SAC5540A012	Do homework or a school project
			SAC5540A013	Learn about EPA itself
			SAC5540A014	Report a spill or other problem
			SAC5540A015	Get a job or internship with EPA
			SAC5540A016	Find out about grants or contract opportunities
			SAC5540A017	Other, please specify:	A
SAC5541	A	Please specify why you visited the EPA.gov site today:				Text area, no char limit	Single	N	Skip Logic Group	Other Why
SAC5542		Which of the following topics best describes the information you wanted today?	SAC5542A001	Air		Radio Button One Up Vertical	Single	Y	Skip Logic Group	Reason for Visit
			SAC5542A002	Water
			SAC5542A003	Waste/Pollution
			SAC5542A004	Chemicals
			SAC5542A005	Climate change
			SAC5542A006	Data set and raw data
			SAC5542A007	Statistical information
			SAC5542A008	UVindex
			SAC5542A009	Fuel/Oil
			SAC5542A010	Living Green
			SAC5542A011	Human Health
			SAC5542A012	Mold
			SAC5542A013	Pesticides
			SAC5542A014	Radiation
			SAC5542A015	Radon
			SAC5542A016	Recycling
				Bed bugs
			SAC5542A017	Lead, mercury, metals
			SAC5542A018	Laws and regulations
			SAC5542A019	Science and technology (for example models, methods, data etc.)	B
			SAC5542A020	Grants and contracts
			SAC5542A021	Careers and employment
			SAC5542A022	Other, please specify:	A
SAC5543	A	Please specify the other topic that best describes the reason for your visit.				Text area, no char limit	Single	N	Skip Logic Group	Other Topic looking For
SAC5544	B	Please describe the specific science/technology topic you are on the site for:				Text area, no char limit	single	N	Skip Logic Group	Specific Science/Tech Topic
		Did you interact with any of the following applications?		AIRNOW	B	Checkbox, one-up vertical	Multi	Y	Skip Logic Group	Applications
				Envirofacts	B
				Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) Explorer	B
				MyEnvironment	B
				Enviromapper	B
				ECHO	B
				Online Tracking Information System (OTIS)	B
				Enforcement and Compliance History Online	B
				Integrated Grants Management System (IGMS)	B
				Storage and Retrieval (STORET) for Water Quality Data	B
				I did not interact with any applications
				Other	A, B
	A	What other application did you interact with on the website today?				Text area, no char limit		N	Skip Logic Group	Other_Applicatiosn
	B	What was your experience like with the application(s)? Please provide as much detail as possible.				Text area, no char limit		N	Skip Logic Group	Other_Applicatiosn
NARA
		Please rate the clarity of the wording on Archives.gov.	1=Poor		Radio button, scale, has don't know	S	Y		Clarity of Wording Rating
			2
			3
			4
			5
			6
			7
			8
			9
			10=Excellent
			DK
		Please rate how well you understand the wording on Archives.gov.	1=Poor		Radio button, scale, has don't know	S	Y		Understand Wording Rating
			2
			3
			4
			5
			6
			7
			8
			9
			10=Excellent
			DK
		Please rate Archives.gov on its use of short, clear sentences.	1=Poor		Radio button, scale, has don't know	S	Y		Clear Sentences Rating
			2
			3
			4
			5
			6
			7
			8
			9
			10=Excellent
			DK
AED08704		How frequently do you visit Archives.gov?	First time		Radio button, one-up vertical	single	Y		Frequency
			More than once a day
			Daily
			About once a week
			About once a month
			Every 6 months or less
AED08705		In what role are you using the web site today? (Please select the one that applies best)	Genealogist or family historian		Radio button, one-up vertical	single	Y	Skip Logic Group	Role
			Veteran or Veteran's family
			Researcher
			Educator or student
			Publication or broadcast journalist
			Federal Records Manager
			Federal government employee
			State or local government employee
			Other, please specify:	A
AED08706	A	Other role for using site:			Text area, no char limit		n	Skip Logic Group	Other Role
AED08707		How did you first learn about www.archives.gov?	Word of mouth		Radio button, one-up vertical	single	Y	OPS Group	Learn About
			Web Search Engine
			Professional Organization/Conference
			In the Classroom
			At the Library
			Link from another website
			Newspaper or Magazine
			Radio or Television
			Other, please specify:	A
AED08708	A	Other, first learned about archives.gov via:			Text area, no char limit		n	OPS Group	Other Learn About
		How did you arrive at Archives.gov today?	Typed the URL into a browser		Radio button, one-up vertical	Single	Y	Skip Logic Group	How Arrive at Site
			Bookmark/favorites
			Search engine result
			From a link on another site
			From an email link					Randomize
			From a link on a blog, forum or social network
			From a link sent to me by a friend
			Message or recommendation from a friend on a social network
			Video I saw on YouTube
			Internet blogs or discussion forums
			Message directly from the company on a social network (Facebook, Twitter)
			Familiarity with site/agency
			Promotional email(s) from the company
			Word of mouth recommendation from someone I know
			TV, radio, newspaper, or magazine advertising
			Don't know					Anchor Answer Option
			Other, please specify	A				Anchor Answer Option
	A	What other ways did you arrive at the site today?					N	Skip Logic Group	Other Way Arrived at Site
AED08709		What were you primarily looking for on www.archives.gov?	Address/hours		Radio button, one-up vertical	single	Y	Skip Logic Group	Looking For
			Employment Information
			Events Information
			Federal Register Publications
			Genealogy or family history information
			Grants Information
			Historical Documents	B
			Lesson Plans
			Online Electronic Records
			Online Exhibits
			Ordering Procedures and Forms
			Records Management Guidance
			Veterans' Service Records
			Other, please specify:	A
AED08710	A	Other, primarily looking for			Text area, no char limit		n	Skip Logic Group	Other Looking For
	B	What historical documents did you access today?	Native American		Checkbox, one-up vertical	multi	N	Skip Logic Group	Historical Documents
			Civil War
			The Constitution
			Declaration of Independence
			Bill of Rights
			WW II
			Other (please specify)	A
	A	What other historical documents did you access?			Text area, no char limit		N	Skip Logic Group	Other Historical Documents
		How would you rate your familiarity with the following?						Comparative Matrix Group
AED08711		Facebook	No familiarity		Drop down, select one		y		Facebook
			View and contribute often
			View often and contribute occasionally
			View often but don’t contribute
			View and contribute occasionally
			View occasionally but don’t contribute
AED08712		Twitter	No familiarity		Drop down, select one		y		Twitter
			View and contribute often
			View often and contribute occasionally
			View often but don’t contribute
			View and contribute occasionally
			View occasionally but don’t contribute
AED08713		Flickr	No familiarity		Drop down, select one		y		Flickr
			View and contribute often
			View often and contribute occasionally
			View often but don’t contribute
			View and contribute occasionally
			View occasionally but don’t contribute
AED08714		MySpace	No familiarity		Drop down, select one		y		MySpace
			View and contribute often
			View often and contribute occasionally
			View often but don’t contribute
			View and contribute occasionally
			View occasionally but don’t contribute
AED08715		YouTube	No familiarity		Drop down, select one		y		YouTube
			View and contribute often
			View often and contribute occasionally
			View often but don’t contribute
			View and contribute occasionally
			View occasionally but don’t contribute
AED08716		Del.icio.us	No familiarity		Drop down, select one		y		Del.icio.us
			View and contribute often
			View often and contribute occasionally
			View often but don’t contribute
			View and contribute occasionally
			View occasionally but don’t contribute
AED08717		How would you most like to interact with this site? (Please select all that apply)	Bookmark or tag pages		Checkbox, one-up vertical	multi	y		Interact
			In social networks
			In virtual worlds
			By adding comments, ratings, or reviews
			Reading blogs
			Contributing to wikis
			Receiving newsletters/email updates
			Subscribing to RSS feeds
			Listening to Podcasts or audio
			Watching Podcasts or video
			Adding a widget or gadget to my personalized page
			Following a microblog
			None
			Other (please specify)	A
AED08718	A	Other, most like to interact with NARA via:			Text area, no char limit		n		Other Interact
AED08719		If you used the archives.gov search engine today, which of the following best describes your experience with the search?	Did not use the archives.gov search today		Radio button, one-up vertical	single	y	OPS Group	Search Engine
			Returned too many results
			Did not return enough results
			Did not return any results
			I was not sure what words to use in my search
			Returned results that were too similar/redundant
			Results were helpful
			Results were not helpful
			Results were not relevant to my search terms or needs
			Search required too many refinements to get to what I wanted
			Search speed was too slow
			Other, please specify:	A
AED08720	A	Other, best describes experience with search engine:			Text area, no char limit		n		Other Search Engine
AED08721		How can we make the archives.gov search tool more useful?	More results		Checkbox, one-up vertical	multi	y		Search Tool
			Fewer results
			Ability to narrow search
			More information on results page about products
			Don't know
			Other, please specify:	A
AED08722	A	Other, how can we make search tool more useful:			Text area, no char limit		n		Other Search Tool
		How did you primarily look for information on Archives.gov today?	Search tool/ keywords in text box	A, B	Radio button, one-up vertical	Single	Y	Skip Logic Group	Primary Search Method Used
			Navigate (browse by clicking on links or buttons)
	A	Which online search tool did you use on Archives.gov today?	Archives.gov	B	Checkbox, one-up vertical	multi	Y	Skip Logic Group	Search Tool Used
			Online Public Access (OPA)	B
			Don't know/Not sure	B
			Other, please specify	C, B
	C	What other online search tool did you use during your visit today?			Text area, no char limit		N	Skip Logic Group	Other Online Search Tool Used
	B	Which of the following describes your experience with the search feature? (please select all that apply)	Results were helpful		Checkbox, one-up vertical	Multi	Y	Skip Logic Group	Search Experience
			Returned too many results
			Did not return enough results
			Did not return any results
			I was not sure what words to use in my search
			Results were not relevant to my search terms or needs
			Search required too many refinements to get to what I wanted
			Other, please specify:	D
	D	Other, best describes experience with search engine:			Text area, no char limit		N	Skip Logic Group	Other Search Experience
		Please describe your experience with navigation (clicking on links and buttons) on Archives.gov today. (Please select all that apply)	I had no difficulty browsing on this site.		Checkbox, one-up vertical	Multi	Y	Skip Logic Group	Search Experience
			Could not navigate back to previous information
			Would often feel lost, not know where I was
			Links did not take me where I expected
			Links/labels are difficult to understand
			Too many links or navigational choices
			Had technical difficulties (e.g. broken link)
			Other, please specify:	A
	A	What other navigational experience did you have today?			Text area, no char limit		N	Skip Logic Group	Other Navigation Experience
Disability
SAC6941		What information were you looking for on Disability.gov today? Please select the best answer.	SAC6941A001	Only information on programs or services in my state		Radio button, one-up vertical	Single	Y		Type of Information
			SAC6941A002	Only information on national programs or services
			SAC6941A003	Information on both national and state programs or services
SAC6942		Which of the following statements best describes you? Please select the best answer.	SAC6942A001	I am a person with a disability or am disabled		Radio button, one-up vertical	single	Y	Skip Logic Group	Role
			SAC6942A002	I am a caregiver, family member or friend of someone with a disability
			SAC6942A003	I am a professional or service provider who works with people with disabilities
			SAC6942A004	I am an educator who works with students with disabilities
			SAC6942A005	I am a student who is doing research
			SAC6942A006	I am an employer or human resource (HR) professional
			SAC6942A007	Other (please specify):	A
SAC6943	A	Please explain briefly what role best describes you:				Text field, <100 char		N	Skip Logic Group	Other role
SAC6944		In general, which subject(s) did you want to get information about? Please select all that apply.	SAC6944A001	Employment (such as finding a job, starting a business or hiring someone with a disability)		Checkbox, one-up vertical	Multi	Y	Skip Logic Group	Specific Information
			SAC6944A002	Benefits (such as getting Social Security (SSI/SSDI) benefits, Veterans or other benefits, paying for prescriptions or home energy assistance) access to financial assistance)
			SAC6944A003	Housing (such as getting Section 8 housing, finding an affordable apartment, buying a house or housing discrimination finding an affordable apartment, paying for a house, home repairs or housing discrimination)
			SAC6944A004	Civil Rights (such as information about the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and other laws and regulations, voting or filing a complaint)
			SAC6944A005	Education (such as getting money for school, going to college or teaching students with disabilities)
			SAC6944A006	Health (such as information on specific disabilities, getting health insurance, dental or health care or caregiver resources)
			SAC6944A007	Community Life (such as accessible sports, volunteering or independent living)
			SAC6944A008	Technology (such as assistive technology, accessible technology or help paying for technology)
			SAC6944A009	Transportation (such as getting a ride, accessible transportation and paying for vehicle modifications)
			SAC6944A010	Emergency Preparedness (such as emergency or disaster preparedness at home or work or emergency management)
			SAC6944A011	I’m not sure which subject to choose	B
SAC6945	B	Please explain what information you were looking for on Disability.gov. (open-ended)				Text area, no char limit		N	Skip Logic Group	OE_Information
SAC6946		How did you look for information on Disability.gov? Please select the best answer.	SAC6946A001	I used the search engine at the top of the page	A, B	Radio button, one-up vertical	Single	Y	Skip Logic Group	Look for Information
			SAC6946A002	I used the “Information by Topic” and other menus on the left side of the page	G
			SAC6946A003	I used both the search engine at the top of the page, as well as the "Information by Topic” and other menus on the left side of the page	M, N, R
SAC6947	A	Please rate your overall happiness with the site’s search engine.	SAC6947A001	1 = Very unhappy		Radio button, scale, no don't know	Single	Y	Skip Logic Group	S_Search Rating
			SAC6947A002	2
			SAC6947A003	3
			SAC6947A004	4
			SAC6947A005	5
			SAC6947A006	6
			SAC6947A007	7
			SAC6947A008	8
			SAC6947A009	9
			SAC6947A010	10=Very happy
SAC6948	B	Did the search engine help you find the information you were looking for on Disability.gov today?	SAC6948A001	Yes		Radio button, one-up vertical	Single	Y	Skip Logic Group	S_Search Helped
			SAC6948A002	No	F, I , Y
SAC6949	F	How can we make the search engine more useful to you?				Text area, no char limit	Single	N	Skip Logic Group	S_OE_Search Changes
SAC6950	I	Tell us more about your search experience. Please select all that apply.	SAC6950A001	I didn’t know which word or phrase to enter into the search engine to find the information I was looking for		Checkbox, one-up vertical	Multi	Y	Skip Logic Group	S_Search Experience
			SAC6950A002	The results were not what I was looking for
			SAC6950A003	There were not enough results
			SAC6950A004	There was not enough information in the description of the results to decide which resource to choose
			SAC6950A005	Many of the search results looked like the same resource
			SAC6950A006	There were too many results
			SAC6950A007	The results were not organized in a helpful way
			SAC6950A008	The link didn’t take me to where I thought it was going to go	J
			SAC6950A009	I had a different problem with the search results	K
SAC6951	Y	Please tell us if there are any other websites you like to use to find similar information. (open-ended)				Text area, no char limit	Single	N	Skip Logic Group	S_OE_Other Sites
SAC6952	J	Please explain where you thought the link would take you.				Text area, no char limit	Single	N	Skip Logic Group	S_OE_Unexpected Link
SAC6953	K	Please explain the problem you had with your search results.				Text area, no char limit	Single	N	Skip Logic Group	S_OE_Problem with Search
SAC6954	G	Did you have any problems using the “Information by Topic” and other menus on the left side of the page to find information on the site?	SAC6954A001	Yes	L, AA	Radio button, one-up vertical	Single	Y	Skip Logic Group	T_Info by Topic Usage
			SAC6954A002	No
SAC6955	L	How can we make the “Information by Topic” and other menus on the left side of the page easier to use? (open-ended)				Text area, no char limit	Single	Y	Skip Logic Group	T_OE_Improve Info by Topic
SAC6956	AA	Please tell us if there are any other websites you like to use to find similar information. (open-ended)				Text area, no char limit	Single	N	Skip Logic Group	S_OE_Other Sites
SAC6957	M	Which option was more helpful?	SAC6957A001	I liked using the “Information by Topic” and other menus on the left side of the page to find resources on the site		Radio button, one-up vertical	Single	Y	Skip Logic Group	B_Option
			SAC6957A002	I liked using the search engine at the top of the page to find resources on the site
SAC6958	N	Did the search engine at the top of the page help you find the information you were looking for on Disability.gov today?	SAC6958A001	Yes		Radio button, one-up vertical				B_Search Helped
			SAC6958A002	No	T, U, Z
SAC6959	T	How can we make the search engine more useful to you?				Text area, no char limit				B_OE_Search Changes
SAC6960	U	Tell us more about your search experience. (Please select all that apply)	SAC6960A001	I didn’t know which word or phrase to enter into the search engine to find the information I was looking for		Checkbox, one-up vertical				B_Search Experience
			SAC6960A002	The results were not what I was looking for
			SAC6960A003	There were not enough results
			SAC6960A004	There was not enough information in the description of the results to decide which resource to choose
			SAC6960A005	Many of the search results looked like the same resource
			SAC6960A006	There were too many results
			SAC6960A007	The results were not organized in a helpful way
			SAC6960A008	The link didn’t take me to where I thought it was going to go	V
			SAC6960A009	I had a different problem with the search results	W
SAC6961	V	Please explain where you thought the link would take you.				Text area, no char limit	Single	N	Skip Logic Group	B_OE_Unexpected Link
SAC6962	Z	Please tell us if there are any other websites you like to use to find similar information. (open-ended)				Text area, no char limit	Single	N	Skip Logic Group	B_OE_Other Sites
SAC6963	W	Please explain the problem you had with your search results.				Text area, no char limit	Single	N	Skip Logic Group	B_OE_Problem with Search
SAC6964	R	Did you have any problems using the “Information by Topic” and other menus on the left side of the page to find information on the site?	SAC6964A001	Yes	X	Radio button, one-up vertical	Single	Y	Skip Logic Group	B_Info by Topic Usage
			SAC6964A002	No
SAC6965	X	How can we make the “Information by Topic” and other menus on the left side of the page easier to use?				Text area, no char limit	Single	Y	Skip Logic Group	B_OE_Improve Info by Topic
		How did you first start to look for information on Disability.gov? Please select the best answer.		I used the search engine at the top of the page	C	Radio button, one-up vertical	Single	Y	Skip Logic Group	First Look
				I used the “Information by Topic” menu on the left side of the page	I
				I am not sure
	C	Did the search engine help you find the information you were looking for on Disability.gov?		Yes		Radio button, one-up vertical	Single	Y	Skip Logic Group	Search Helped
				No	D
	D	Tell us more about your search experience. Please select all that apply.		I didn’t know which word or phrase to enter into the search engine	H	Checkbox, one-up vertical	Multi	Y	Skip Logic Group	Search Experience
				I did not receive any search results	H
				There were not enough search results	H
				There was not enough information in the description of the results to decide which resource to choose	F
				Many of the search results looked like the same resource	F
				The results were not organized in a helpful way	F
				The search results did not answer my question	F
				I had a different problem with the search results	E, F
	E	Please explain the problem you had with your search results.				Text area, no char limit	Single	N	Skip Logic Group	OE_Search Problem
	F	Did you choose to "Narrow Your Results" by topic(s), audience(s) or disability type(s), using the options on the left side of the page?		Yes	H	Radio button, one-up vertical	Single	Y	Skip Logic Group	Search Narrow
				No	G, H
	G	Please tell us why you didn't "Narrow Your Results."				Text area, no char limit	Single	N	Skip Logic Group	OE_Search Narrow
	H	How can we make the search engine more useful?				Text area, no char limit	Single	N	Skip Logic Group	OE_Search Changes
	I	Did you have any problems using the “Information by Topic” menu on the left side of the page to find information on the site?		Yes	J, K	Radio button, one-up vertical	Single	Y	Skip Logic Group	Info by Topic Usage
				No
	J	How can we make the “Information by Topic” menu on the left side of the page more useful? (open-ended)				Text area, no char limit	Single	N	Skip Logic Group	OE_Info by Topic Changes
	K	Did you choose to "Narrow Your Results" by topic(s), audience(s) or disability type(s), using the options on the left side of the page?		Yes		Radio button, one-up vertical	Single	Y	Skip Logic Group	Info by Topic Narrow
				No	L
	L	Please tell us why you didn't "Narrow Your Results."				Text area, no char limit		N	Skip Logic Group	OE_Info by Topic Narrow
		What would you like to see improved on Disability.gov?				Text area, no char limit		N		Improvement