Appendix A: Justification for Control Driver Questionnaire

Information Collection Request:

Crash Risk Associated with Drug and Alcohol Use by

Drivers in Fatal and Serious Injury Crashes

Appendix A: Justification for Control Driver Questionnaire

This survey serves two purposes: 1) To gather demographic and other response data on control participants that will be included as covariates in the data analyses and for between groups analyses (i.e., drug positive vs. drug negative); 2) To allow comparisons of control driver sample characteristics and item responses to those obtained in past studies.

Items 1-6: Demographics Items

Item number 1 (Sex)

This is a standard demographic question that will be a covariate in the study analyses. The response options are the same as those included in the 2017 American Community Survey (ACS).

United States Census Bureau. 2017 American Community Survey. Suitland, MD: United States Census Bureau, [2017][https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/methodology/questionnaire-archive.html].

Item number 2 (Age)

This is a standard demographic question that will be a covariate in the study analyses. The item is the same as that included in the Virginia Beach Crash Risk Study.

Lacey, J. H., Kelley-Baker, T., Berning, A., Romano, E., Ramirez, A., Yao, J., ,… & Compton, R. (2016, December). Drug and alcohol crash risk: A case-control study (Report No. DOT HS 812 355). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

Item number 3 (Marital Status)

This is a standard demographic question that will be a covariate in the study analyses. The item is the same as that included in the Virginia Beach Crash Risk Study.

Lacey, J. H., Kelley-Baker, T., Berning, A., Romano, E., Ramirez, A., Yao, J., ,… & Compton, R. (2016, December). Drug and alcohol crash risk: A case-control study (Report No. DOT HS 812 355). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

Item number 4 (Hispanic or Latino)

This is a standard demographic question that will be a covariate in the study analyses. The response options are the same as those included in the 2017 ACS.

United States Census Bureau. 2017 American Community Survey. Suitland, MD: United States Census Bureau, [2017][https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/methodology/questionnaire-archive.html].

Item number 5 (Racial Group)

This is a standard demographic question that will be a covariate in the study analyses. The response options are the same as those included in the 2017 ACS.

United States Census Bureau. 2017 American Community Survey. Suitland, MD: United States Census Bureau, [2017][https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/methodology/questionnaire-archive.html].

Item number 6 (Education)

This is a standard demographic question that will be a covariate in the study analyses. The item wording and response options are a combination of those utilized in the Virginia Beach Crash Risk Study and ACS to provide more clarity to respondents for some of the response options.

Lacey, J. H., Kelley-Baker, T., Berning, A., Romano, E., Ramirez, A., Yao, J., ,… & Compton, R. (2016, December). Drug and alcohol crash risk: A case-control study (Report No. DOT HS 812 355). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

Item Modification Source: United States Census Bureau. 2017 American Community Survey. Suitland, MD: United States Census Bureau, [2017][https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/methodology/questionnaire-archive.html].

Items 7-9 Health-Related Items

Item number 7 (Height)

This is a standard question that will be a covariate in the study analyses and utilized to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI). The item is the same as that included in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Questionnaire (NHANES).

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Questionnaire. Hyattsville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, [2013-2014][ https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/tutorials/nhanes/surveyorientation/Navigate/Frame7.htm].

Item number 8 (Weight)

This is a standard question that will be a covariate in the study analyses and utilized to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI). The item is the same as that included in the NHANES.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Questionnaire. Hyattsville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, [2013-2014][ https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/tutorials/nhanes/surveyorientation/Navigate/Frame7.htm].

Item number 9 (Last Medical Checkup)

This is a standard item included on the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey questionnaire.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey Questionnaire. Hyattsville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, [2017][ https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/questionnaires/index.htm].

Items 10-11: Trip Origin/Destination Items

Item number 10 (Trip Origin)

This is a standard trip origin item utilized in the Virginia Beach Crash Risk Study.

Lacey, J. H., Kelley-Baker, T., Berning, A., Romano, E., Ramirez, A., Yao, J., ,… & Compton, R. (2016, December). Drug and alcohol crash risk: A case-control study (Report No. DOT HS 812 355). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

Item number 11 (Trip Destination)

This is a standard trip destination item utilized in the Virginia Beach Crash Risk Study.

Lacey, J. H., Kelley-Baker, T., Berning, A., Romano, E., Ramirez, A., Yao, J., ,… & Compton, R. (2016, December). Drug and alcohol crash risk: A case-control study (Report No. DOT HS 812 355). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

Item 12 a-f Drugged Driving Opinions

These items will gather a driver’s opinions about driving safety with respect to various types of drug and alcohol use. In order to be less intrusive/intimidating, the item and response categories were modified to ask about “a person” instead of “you.” The stem and response options are based on items from the 2008 National Survey of Drinking and Driving Attitudes and Behaviors and Virginia Beach Crash Risk Study.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). National Survey of Drinking and Driving Attitudes and Behaviors: 2008 Survey Questionnaire. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, [2008] [https://one.nhtsa.gov/Driving-Safety/Impaired-Driving/National-Survey-of-Drinking-and-Driving-Attitudes-and-Behaviors:-2008].

Lacey, J. H., Kelley-Baker, T., Berning, A., Romano, E., Ramirez, A., Yao, J., ,… & Compton, R. (2016, December). Drug and alcohol crash risk: A case-control study (Report No. DOT HS 812 355). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.