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pdfCrop Production
ISSN: 1936-3737
Released May 10, 2016, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
Winter Wheat Production Up 4 Percent from 2015
Orange Production Up 4 Percent from April Forecast
Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.43 billion bushels, up 4 percent from 2015. As of May 1, the United States yield
is forecast at 47.8 bushels per acre, up 5.3 bushels from last year. If realized, this will equal the record yield set in 1999.
Hard Red Winter production, at 863 million bushels, is up 4 percent from a year ago. Soft Red Winter, at 357 million
bushels, is down nearly 1 percent from 2015. White Winter, at 208 million bushels, is up 13 percent from last year. Of the
White Winter production, 17.4 million bushels are Hard White and 191 million bushels are Soft White.
The United States all orange forecast for the 2015-2016 season is 5.82 million tons, up 4 percent from the previous
forecast but down 9 percent from the 2014-2015 final utilization. The Florida all orange forecast, at 81.1 million boxes
(3.65 million tons), is up 7 percent from last month’s forecast but down 16 percent from last season’s final utilization.
Early, midseason, and Navel varieties in Florida are forecast at 36.1 million boxes (1.63 million tons), up slightly from
last month but down 24 percent from last season’s final utilization. The Florida Valencia orange forecast, at
45.0 million boxes (2.03 million tons), is up 13 percent from last month but down 9 percent from last season’s final
utilization.
Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield forecast for the 2015-2016 season is 1.41 gallons per box at
42.0 degrees Brix, down 1 percent from the previous month’s forecast and down 6 percent from last season’s final yield of
1.50 gallons per box. The early and midseason portion is final at 1.35 gallons per box, down 5 percent from last season’s
final yield of 1.42 gallons per box. The Valencia portion is projected at 1.48 gallons per box, down 3 percent from the
previous forecast and down 6 percent from last year’s final yield of 1.58 gallons per box. All projections of yield assume
the processing relationships this season will be similar to those of the past several seasons.
This report was approved on May 10, 2016.
Secretary of Agriculture
Designate
Michael T. Scuse
2
Agricultural Statistics Board
Acting Chairperson
Hubert Hamer
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Contents
Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted
May 1, 2016 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 5
Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted
May 1, 2016 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 6
Wheat Production by Class – United States: 2015 and Forecasted May 1, 2016 ................................................................... 6
Hay Stocks on Farms – States and United States: December 1 and May 1, 2014-2016 ......................................................... 7
Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop – States and United States: 2014-2015 and Forecasted
May 1, 2016 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 9
Spring Potato Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted
May 1, 2016 .......................................................................................................................................................................... 10
Peach Production by Type – California: 2014, 2015, and Forecasted May 1, 2016 ............................................................. 10
Almonds Utilized Production – California: 2014, 2015 and Forecasted May 1, 2016 ......................................................... 10
Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2014 and 2015 ............................................. 11
Tobacco Price and Value – States and United States: 2014 and 2015 .................................................................................. 11
Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value by Class and Type – States and United States:
2014 and 2015 ....................................................................................................................................................................... 12
Cotton Area Planted, Harvested, and Yield by Type – States and United States: 2014 and 2015........................................ 14
Cotton Production and Bales Ginned by Type – States and United States: 2014 and 2015 ................................................. 15
Cottonseed Production and Farm Disposition – States and United States: 2014 and 2015 .................................................. 16
Cotton Harvest Loss per Acre – Selected States: 2011-2015................................................................................................ 16
Cotton Cumulative Boll Counts – Selected States: 2011-2015 ............................................................................................ 17
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2015 and 2016 ................... 18
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States: 2015 and 2016 ....................... 20
Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2015 and 2016 .................................................................. 22
Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units – United States: 2015 and 2016 ....................................................................... 23
Percent of Normal Precipitation Map ................................................................................................................................... 24
Departure from Normal Temperature Map ........................................................................................................................... 24
April Weather Summary ....................................................................................................................................................... 25
April Agricultural Summary ................................................................................................................................................. 25
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
3
Crop Comments .................................................................................................................................................................... 27
Statistical Methodology......................................................................................................................................................... 30
Information Contacts ............................................................................................................................................................. 32
4
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted
May 1, 2016
State
Area harvested
2015
Yield per acre
2016
(1,000 acres)
2015
(1,000 acres)
Production
2016
(bushels)
(bushels)
2015
2016
(1,000 bushels)
(1,000 bushels)
Arkansas .....................................
California .....................................
Colorado ......................................
Idaho ...........................................
Illinois ..........................................
Indiana ........................................
Kansas ........................................
Kentucky ......................................
Maryland ......................................
Michigan ......................................
240
150
2,140
700
520
260
8,700
440
270
475
150
200
1,950
700
520
320
8,200
410
250
560
56.0
70.0
37.0
82.0
65.0
68.0
37.0
73.0
64.0
81.0
53.0
78.0
38.0
84.0
68.0
73.0
43.0
74.0
70.0
84.0
13,440
10,500
79,180
57,400
33,800
17,680
321,900
32,120
17,280
38,475
7,950
15,600
74,100
58,800
35,360
23,360
352,600
30,340
17,500
47,040
Mississippi ...................................
Missouri .......................................
Montana ......................................
Nebraska .....................................
North Carolina .............................
North Dakota ...............................
Ohio .............................................
Oklahoma ....................................
Oregon ........................................
South Dakota ...............................
120
610
2,220
1,210
570
190
480
3,800
735
970
70
580
2,100
1,250
410
130
550
3,300
675
1,050
48.0
53.0
41.0
38.0
53.0
44.0
67.0
26.0
47.0
44.0
55.0
59.0
41.0
49.0
51.0
50.0
74.0
32.0
57.0
52.0
5,760
32,330
91,020
45,980
30,210
8,360
32,160
98,800
34,545
42,680
3,850
34,220
86,100
61,250
20,910
6,500
40,700
105,600
38,475
54,600
Tennessee ...................................
Texas ..........................................
Virginia ........................................
Washington .................................
Wisconsin ....................................
395
3,550
210
1,590
210
380
2,800
185
1,650
270
68.0
30.0
66.0
56.0
74.0
72.0
30.0
63.0
64.0
76.0
26,860
106,500
13,860
89,040
15,540
27,360
84,000
11,655
105,600
20,520
Other States 1 ..............................
1,502
1,171
49.8
53.9
74,768
63,094
United States ...............................
32,257
29,831
42.5
47.8
1,370,188
1,427,084
1
Other States include Alabama, Arizona, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Louisiana, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York,
Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Small Grains 2016
Summary report.
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
5
Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted
May 1, 2016
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun. Area harvested for the United States and remaining States will be published in Acreage
released June 2016. Yield and production will be published in Crop Production released July 2016]
State
Area harvested
Yield per acre
Production
2015
2016
2015
2016
2015
2016
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 acres)
(bushels)
(bushels)
(1,000 bushels)
(1,000 bushels)
Arizona .................................
California ..............................
Montana ................................
North Dakota .........................
140
60
605
1,075
Other States 1 .......................
16
59.1
946
United States ........................
1,896
43.5
82,484
1
89
55
101.0
103.0
31.0
39.5
106.0
111.0
14,140
6,180
18,755
42,463
9,434
6,105
Other States include Idaho and South Dakota. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Small Grains 2016 Summary.
Wheat Production by Class – United States: 2015 and Forecasted May 1, 2016
[Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both surveys and administrative data. The previous end-of-year season class
percentages are used throughout the forecast season for States that do not have survey or administrative data available]
Crop
2015
2016
(1,000 bushels)
(1,000 bushels)
Winter
Hard red ....................................
Soft red .....................................
Hard white .................................
Soft white ..................................
826,913
359,055
15,914
168,306
Spring
Hard red ....................................
Hard white .................................
Soft white ..................................
Durum .......................................
564,107
5,526
29,447
82,484
Total .........................................
2,051,752
6
862,522
356,569
17,386
190,607
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Hay Stocks on Farms – States and United States: December 1 and May 1, 2014-2016
State
December 1
May 1
2014
2015
2015
2016
(1,000 tons)
(1,000 tons)
(1,000 tons)
(1,000 tons)
Alabama .........................................
Arizona ...........................................
Arkansas ........................................
California ........................................
Colorado .........................................
Connecticut ....................................
Delaware ........................................
Florida ............................................
Georgia ..........................................
Idaho ..............................................
1,495
320
2,050
1,750
1,800
48
28
570
1,030
2,250
1,600
310
1,750
1,900
1,900
45
20
560
1,100
2,500
210
40
540
320
600
7
2
42
195
900
265
55
530
340
800
4
2
55
195
950
Illinois .............................................
Indiana ...........................................
Iowa ................................................
Kansas ...........................................
Kentucky .........................................
Louisiana ........................................
Maine .............................................
Maryland .........................................
Massachusetts ................................
Michigan .........................................
1,300
1,070
2,950
3,700
3,300
820
130
285
50
2,000
1,120
760
3,280
5,100
4,150
620
139
370
56
1,800
300
320
700
1,120
610
185
26
70
7
490
300
185
620
1,350
800
150
26
78
14
440
Minnesota .......................................
Mississippi ......................................
Missouri ..........................................
Montana .........................................
Nebraska ........................................
Nevada ...........................................
New Hampshire ..............................
New Jersey .....................................
New Mexico ....................................
New York ........................................
3,050
900
5,500
4,600
4,600
751
43
118
435
1,330
3,150
950
5,600
3,700
5,100
550
42
80
400
1,265
720
165
1,650
1,300
1,250
230
7
7
110
243
770
145
1,585
1,025
1,450
215
6
20
115
189
North Carolina ................................
North Dakota ..................................
Ohio ................................................
Oklahoma .......................................
Oregon ...........................................
Pennsylvania ..................................
Rhode Island ..................................
South Carolina ................................
South Dakota ..................................
Tennessee ......................................
1,300
5,400
1,550
5,100
1,640
1,720
7
370
6,000
3,050
1,120
5,100
1,490
5,450
2,000
2,100
6
360
6,600
3,100
265
1,520
430
1,440
375
265
1
80
2,300
630
260
1,450
355
1,450
440
390
1
75
2,200
550
Texas .............................................
Utah ................................................
Vermont ..........................................
Virginia ...........................................
Washington ....................................
West Virginia ..................................
Wisconsin .......................................
Wyoming ........................................
7,500
1,190
182
1,950
1,450
910
2,960
1,500
8,000
1,150
150
2,000
1,400
850
2,900
1,300
2,300
430
35
370
270
220
730
490
2,500
410
35
420
400
190
810
525
United States ..................................
92,052
94,993
24,517
25,140
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
7
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8
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop – States and United States: 2014-2015 and
Forecasted May 1, 2016
[The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year]
Crop and State
Utilized production boxes 1
Utilized production ton equivalent
2014-2015
2015-2016
2014-2015
2015-2016
(1,000 boxes)
(1,000 boxes)
(1,000 tons)
(1,000 tons)
Oranges
California, all 2 ......................................
Early, mid, and Navel 2 3 .....................
Valencia 2 ...........................................
48,600
39,100
9,500
52,500
42,000
10,500
1,944
1,564
380
2,100
1,680
420
Florida, all .............................................
Early, mid, and Navel 3 .......................
Valencia ..............................................
96,950
47,400
49,550
81,100
36,100
45,000
4,363
2,133
2,230
3,650
1,625
2,025
Texas, all 2 ............................................
Early, mid, and Navel 2 3 .....................
Valencia 2 ...........................................
1,452
1,170
282
1,570
1,350
220
62
50
12
66
57
9
United States, all ..................................
Early, mid, and Navel 3 .......................
Valencia ..............................................
147,002
87,670
59,332
135,170
79,450
55,720
6,369
3,747
2,622
5,816
3,362
2,454
Grapefruit
California 2 ............................................
Florida, all .............................................
Red .....................................................
White ..................................................
Texas 2 .................................................
4,300
12,900
9,650
3,250
4,250
3,900
10,850
8,350
2,500
5,200
172
548
410
138
170
156
461
355
106
208
United States ........................................
21,450
19,950
890
825
Tangerines and mandarins
Arizona 4 5 .............................................
California 2 4 ..........................................
Florida ..................................................
170
18,500
2,265
(NA)
22,000
1,420
7
740
108
(NA)
880
67
United States ........................................
20,935
23,420
855
947
Lemons 2
Arizona .................................................
California ..............................................
2,000
20,600
1,500
21,000
80
824
60
840
United States ........................................
22,600
22,500
904
900
Tangelos
Florida ..................................................
665
390
30
18
(NA) Not available.
1
Net pounds per box: oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; tangerines and mandarins in
Arizona and California-80, Florida-95; lemons-80; tangelos-90.
2
Estimates for current year carried forward from previous forecast.
3
Navel and miscellaneous varieties in California. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in Florida and Texas. Small quantities of Temples
in Florida.
4
Includes tangelos and tangors.
5
Estimates discontinued in 2015-2016.
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
9
Spring Potato Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2015 and
Forecasted May 1, 2016
Area planted
State
Area harvested
Yield per acre
2015
2016
2015
2016
2015
(cwt)
Production
2016
2015
2016
(cwt)
(1,000 cwt)
(1,000 cwt)
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 acres)
Arizona 1 ....................
California ...................
Florida ........................
North Carolina 2 .........
3.6
23.0
30.0
13.5
(NA)
25.0
27.0
(NA)
3.5
22.7
29.6
12.7
(NA)
24.7
26.2
(NA)
290
430
230
210
(NA)
410
250
(NA)
1,015
9,761
6,808
2,667
(NA)
10,127
6,550
(NA)
United States .............
70.1
52.0
68.5
50.9
296
328
20,251
16,677
(NA) Not available.
1
Estimates discontinued in 2016.
2
Beginning in 2016, North Carolina estimates included with summer states.
Peach Production by Type – California: 2014, 2015, and Forecasted May 1, 2016
Total production
Type
2014
2015
2016
(tons)
(tons)
(tons)
Freestone .........................................................
288,000
253,000
260,000
Clingstone .......................................................
332,000
306,000
320,000
Total .................................................................
620,000
559,000
580,000
1
1
California Clingstone is over-the-scale tonnage and includes culls and cannery diversions.
Almonds Utilized Production – California: 2014, 2015 and Forecasted May 1, 2016
State
Utilized production (shelled basis)
2014
2015
(1,000 pounds)
California ........................................
10
2016
(1,000 pounds)
1,870,000
(1,000 pounds)
1,890,000
2,000,000
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2014 and 2015
Area harvested
State
Yield per acre
Production
2014
2015
2014
2015
2014
2015
(acres)
(acres)
(pounds)
(pounds)
(1,000 pounds)
(1,000 pounds)
Connecticut .........................................
Georgia ...............................................
Kentucky ..............................................
Massachusetts .....................................
North Carolina .....................................
Ohio .....................................................
Pennsylvania .......................................
South Carolina .....................................
Tennessee ...........................................
Virginia ................................................
(D)
15,000
91,700
(D)
193,400
2,000
9,100
15,800
24,250
24,330
(D)
13,500
72,900
(D)
173,000
1,900
7,900
13,000
20,900
23,050
(D)
2,300
2,337
(D)
2,347
2,150
2,445
2,100
2,151
2,370
(D)
2,400
2,055
(D)
2,198
1,900
2,290
2,000
2,333
2,275
(D)
34,500
214,280
(D)
453,860
4,300
22,250
33,180
52,155
57,651
(D)
32,400
149,830
(D)
380,250
3,610
18,090
26,000
48,770
52,430
Other States 1 ......................................
2,780
2,500
1,525
1,826
4,239
4,566
United States .......................................
378,360
328,650
2,316
2,178
876,415
715,946
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
1
Includes data withheld above.
Tobacco Price and Value – States and United States: 2014 and 2015
Price per pound
State
2014
Value of production
2015
(dollars)
(dollars)
2014
2015
(1,000 dollars)
(1,000 dollars)
Connecticut ...........................................................
Georgia .................................................................
Kentucky ................................................................
Massachusetts .......................................................
North Carolina .......................................................
Ohio .......................................................................
Pennsylvania .........................................................
South Carolina .......................................................
Tennessee .............................................................
Virginia ..................................................................
(D)
2.070
2.091
(D)
2.009
1.960
1.925
2.110
2.325
2.075
(D)
1.890
2.120
(D)
1.850
1.900
1.973
1.880
2.354
2.028
(D)
71,415
448,132
(D)
911,833
8,428
42,833
70,010
121,244
119,636
(D)
61,236
317,663
(D)
703,648
6,859
35,688
48,880
114,804
106,353
Other States 1 ........................................................
9.855
8.534
41,777
38,968
United States .........................................................
2.094
2.003
1,835,308
1,434,099
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
1
Includes data withheld above.
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
11
Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value by Class and Type – States and
United States: 2014 and 2015
Class, type, and State
Area harvested
2014
Yield per acre
2015
(acres)
2014
(acres)
Production
2015
2014
2015
(pounds)
(pounds)
(1,000
pounds)
(1,000
pounds)
Class 1, Flue-cured (11-14)
Georgia ..................................................................................
North Carolina ........................................................................
South Carolina .......................................................................
Virginia ...................................................................................
15,000
192,000
15,800
22,500
13,500
172,000
13,000
21,500
2,300
2,350
2,100
2,400
2,400
2,200
2,000
2,300
34,500
451,200
33,180
54,000
32,400
378,400
26,000
49,450
United States .........................................................................
245,300
220,000
2,335
2,210
572,880
486,250
Class 2, Fire-cured (21-23)
Kentucky ................................................................................
Tennessee .............................................................................
Virginia ...................................................................................
10,700
7,600
330
9,900
7,700
250
3,400
2,900
2,200
3,200
3,100
2,300
36,380
22,040
726
31,680
23,870
575
United States .........................................................................
18,630
17,850
3,175
3,144
59,146
56,125
Class 3A, Light air-cured
Type 31, Burley
Kentucky ............................................................................
North Carolina ....................................................................
Ohio ...................................................................................
Pennsylvania ......................................................................
Tennessee .........................................................................
Virginia ...............................................................................
76,000
1,400
2,000
5,100
15,500
1,500
58,000
1,000
1,900
4,700
12,000
1,300
2,150
1,900
2,150
2,500
1,750
1,950
1,800
1,850
1,900
2,300
1,800
1,850
163,400
2,660
4,300
12,750
27,125
2,925
104,400
1,850
3,610
10,810
21,600
2,405
United States .....................................................................
101,500
78,900
2,100
1,834
213,160
144,675
Type 32, Southern Maryland Belt
Pennsylvania ......................................................................
2,000
1,600
2,350
2,200
4,700
3,520
Total light air-cured (31-32) .................................................
103,500
80,500
2,105
1,841
217,860
148,195
Class 3B, Dark air-cured (35-37)
Kentucky ................................................................................
Tennessee .............................................................................
5,000
1,150
5,000
1,200
2,900
2,600
2,750
2,750
14,500
2,990
13,750
3,300
United States .........................................................................
6,150
6,200
2,844
2,750
17,490
17,050
Class 4, Cigar filler
Pennsylvania ......................................................................
2,000
1,600
2,400
2,350
4,800
3,760
Class 5, Cigar binder
Type 51, Connecticut Valley Broadleaf
Connecticut ........................................................................
Massachusetts ...................................................................
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
United States .....................................................................
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
Class 6, Cigar wrapper
Type 61, Connecticut Valley Shade-grown
Connecticut ........................................................................
Massachusetts ...................................................................
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
United States .....................................................................
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
Other Cigar Types (51-61) .....................................................
2,780
2,500
1,525
1,826
4,239
4,566
Total cigar types (41-61) ......................................................
4,780
4,100
1,891
2,031
9,039
8,326
All tobacco
United States .........................................................................
378,360
328,650
2,316
2,178
876,415
See footnote(s) at end of table.
12
715,946
--continued
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value by Class and Type – States and
United States: 2014 and 2015 (continued)
Class, type, and State
Price per pound
Value of production
2014
2015
2014
2015
(dollars)
(dollars)
(1,000 dollars)
(1,000 dollars)
Class 1, Flue-cured (11-14)
Georgia ....................................................................................
North Carolina ..........................................................................
South Carolina ..........................................................................
Virginia .....................................................................................
2.070
2.010
2.110
2.080
1.890
1.850
1.880
2.030
71,415
906,912
70,010
112,320
61,236
700,040
48,880
100,384
United States ............................................................................
2.026
1.873
1,160,657
910,540
Class 2, Fire-cured (21-23)
Kentucky ...................................................................................
Tennessee ................................................................................
Virginia .....................................................................................
2.660
2.710
2.180
2.680
2.700
2.140
96,771
59,728
1,583
84,902
64,449
1,231
United States ............................................................................
2.673
2.683
158,082
150,582
Class 3A, Light air-cured
Type 31, Burley
Kentucky ...............................................................................
North Carolina ......................................................................
Ohio ......................................................................................
Pennsylvania ........................................................................
Tennessee ............................................................................
Virginia .................................................................................
1.940
1.850
1.960
1.850
2.000
1.960
1.920
1.950
1.900
1.950
1.960
1.970
316,996
4,921
8,428
23,588
54,250
5,733
200,448
3,608
6,859
21,080
42,336
4,738
United States ........................................................................
1.942
1.929
413,916
279,069
Type 32, Southern Maryland
Pennsylvania ........................................................................
1.950
1.800
9,165
6,336
Total light air-cured (31-32) ....................................................
1.942
1.926
423,081
285,405
Class 3B, Dark air-cured (35-37)
Kentucky ...................................................................................
Tennessee ................................................................................
2.370
2.430
2.350
2.430
34,365
7,266
32,313
8,019
United States ............................................................................
2.380
2.366
41,631
40,332
Class 4, Cigar filler
Pennsylvania ........................................................................
2.100
2.200
10,080
8,272
Class 5, Cigar binder
Type 51, Connecticut Valley Broadleaf
Connecticut ...........................................................................
Massachusetts ......................................................................
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
United States ........................................................................
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
Class 6, Cigar wrapper
Type 61, Connecticut Valley Shade-grown
Connecticut ...........................................................................
Massachusetts ......................................................................
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
United States ........................................................................
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
Other Cigar Types (51-61) ........................................................
9.855
8.534
41,777
38,968
Total cigar types (41-61) .........................................................
5.737
5.674
51,857
47,240
All tobacco
United States ............................................................................
2.094
2.003
1,835,308
1,434,099
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
13
Cotton Area Planted, Harvested, and Yield by Type – States and United States: 2014 and 2015
Type and State
Area planted
Area harvested
Yield per acre
2014
2015
2014
2015
2014
2015
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 acres)
(pounds)
(pounds)
Upland
Alabama .............................
Arizona ...............................
Arkansas .............................
California ............................
Florida .................................
Georgia ...............................
Kansas ................................
Louisiana ............................
Mississippi ..........................
Missouri ..............................
350.0
150.0
335.0
57.0
107.0
1,380.0
31.0
170.0
425.0
250.0
315.0
89.0
210.0
47.0
85.0
1,130.0
16.0
115.0
320.0
185.0
348.0
149.0
330.0
56.0
105.0
1,370.0
29.0
168.0
420.0
245.0
307.0
88.0
207.0
46.0
83.0
1,120.0
16.0
112.0
315.0
175.0
901
1,579
1,145
1,834
878
900
794
1,154
1,232
1,117
866
1,511
1,092
1,722
885
966
1,050
810
1,024
1,097
New Mexico ........................
North Carolina .....................
Oklahoma ...........................
South Carolina ....................
Tennessee ..........................
Texas ..................................
Virginia ................................
43.0
465.0
240.0
280.0
275.0
6,200.0
87.0
35.0
385.0
215.0
235.0
155.0
4,800.0
85.0
33.0
460.0
210.0
278.0
270.0
4,600.0
86.0
31.0
355.0
205.0
136.0
140.0
4,500.0
84.0
931
1,038
615
912
878
644
1,239
929
713
876
547
1,046
610
817
United States ......................
10,845.0
8,422.0
9,157.0
7,920.0
826
755
American Pima
Arizona ...............................
California ............................
New Mexico ........................
Texas ..................................
15.0
155.0
5.4
17.0
17.5
117.0
7.0
17.0
14.5
154.0
5.3
16.0
17.0
116.0
6.9
15.0
993
1,558
761
840
875
1,494
904
896
United States ......................
192.4
158.5
189.8
154.9
1,432
1,342
All
Alabama .............................
Arizona ...............................
Arkansas .............................
California ............................
Florida .................................
Georgia ...............................
Kansas ................................
Louisiana ............................
Mississippi ..........................
Missouri ..............................
350.0
165.0
335.0
212.0
107.0
1,380.0
31.0
170.0
425.0
250.0
315.0
106.5
210.0
164.0
85.0
1,130.0
16.0
115.0
320.0
185.0
348.0
163.5
330.0
210.0
105.0
1,370.0
29.0
168.0
420.0
245.0
307.0
105.0
207.0
162.0
83.0
1,120.0
16.0
112.0
315.0
175.0
901
1,527
1,145
1,632
878
900
794
1,154
1,232
1,117
866
1,408
1,092
1,559
885
966
1,050
810
1,024
1,097
New Mexico ........................
North Carolina .....................
Oklahoma ...........................
South Carolina ....................
Tennessee ..........................
Texas ..................................
Virginia ................................
48.4
465.0
240.0
280.0
275.0
6,217.0
87.0
42.0
385.0
215.0
235.0
155.0
4,817.0
85.0
38.3
460.0
210.0
278.0
270.0
4,616.0
86.0
37.9
355.0
205.0
136.0
140.0
4,515.0
84.0
907
1,038
615
912
878
645
1,239
925
713
876
547
1,046
611
817
United States ......................
11,037.4
8,580.5
9,346.8
8,074.9
838
766
14
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Cotton Production and Bales Ginned by Type – States and United States: 2014 and 2015
Type and State
Production in
480-pound net weight
bales 1
Bales ginned in
480-pound net weight
bales 3
Lint seed
ratio 2
2014
2015
2014
2015
2014
2015
(1,000 bales)
(1,000 bales)
(ratio)
(ratio)
(bales)
(bales)
Upland
Alabama .............................
Arizona ...............................
Arkansas ............................
California ............................
Florida ................................
Georgia ..............................
Kansas ...............................
Louisiana ............................
Mississippi ..........................
Missouri ..............................
653.0
490.0
787.0
214.0
192.0
2,570.0
48.0
404.0
1,078.0
570.0
554.0
277.0
471.0
165.0
153.0
2,255.0
35.0
189.0
672.0
400.0
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
658,400
466,850
818,200
238,750
142,100
2,614,800
50,800
411,900
991,800
590,900
545,500
267,750
491,050
175,250
113,950
2,294,300
37,800
196,850
629,150
414,050
New Mexico ........................
North Carolina ....................
Oklahoma ...........................
South Carolina ....................
Tennessee ..........................
Texas .................................
Virginia ...............................
64.0
995.0
269.0
528.0
494.0
6,175.0
222.0
60.0
527.0
374.0
155.0
305.0
5,720.0
143.0
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
35,450
1,051,250
246,550
486,050
506,900
6,214,250
203,300
19,200
540,750
350,650
142,850
308,000
5,771,000
136,000
United States ......................
15,753.0
12,455.0
(NA)
(NA)
15,728,250
12,434,100
American Pima
Arizona ...............................
California ............................
New Mexico ........................
Texas .................................
30.0
500.0
8.4
28.0
31.0
361.0
13.0
28.0
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
30,300
498,950
9,600
26,700
31,300
360,650
14,600
26,000
United States ......................
566.4
433.0
(NA)
(NA)
565,550
432,550
All
Alabama .............................
Arizona ...............................
Arkansas ............................
California ............................
Florida ................................
Georgia ..............................
Kansas ...............................
Louisiana ............................
Mississippi ..........................
Missouri ..............................
653.0
520.0
787.0
714.0
192.0
2,570.0
48.0
404.0
1,078.0
570.0
554.0
308.0
471.0
526.0
153.0
2,255.0
35.0
189.0
672.0
400.0
(NA)
(NA)
0.406
(NA)
(NA)
0.454
(NA)
0.415
0.438
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
0.419
(NA)
(NA)
0.468
(NA)
0.425
0.429
(NA)
658,400
497,150
818,200
737,700
142,100
2,614,800
50,800
411,900
991,800
590,900
545,500
299,050
491,050
535,900
113,950
2,294,300
37,800
196,850
629,150
414,050
New Mexico ........................
North Carolina ....................
Oklahoma ...........................
South Carolina ....................
Tennessee ..........................
Texas .................................
Virginia ...............................
72.4
995.0
269.0
528.0
494.0
6,203.0
222.0
73.0
527.0
374.0
155.0
305.0
5,748.0
143.0
(NA)
0.442
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
0.433
(NA)
(NA)
0.448
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
0.428
(NA)
45,050
1,051,250
246,550
486,050
506,900
6,240,950
203,300
33,800
540,750
350,650
142,850
308,000
5,797,000
136,000
United States ......................
16,319.4
12,888.0
(NA)
(NA)
16,293,800
12,866,650
(NA) Not available.
1
Production ginned and to be ginned.
2
Estimates available only for the 6 States shown.
3
Equivalent 480-pound net weight bales ginned, not adjusted for cross-state movement.
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
15
Cottonseed Production and Farm Disposition – States and United States: 2014 and 2015
Farm disposition
Production
State
Sales to
oil mills
Seed for
planting 2
Other 1
2014
2015
2014
2015
2014
2015
2014
(1,000 tons)
(1,000 tons)
2015
(1,000 tons)
(1,000 tons)
(1,000 tons)
(1,000 tons)
(1,000 tons)
(1,000 tons)
Alabama ......................
Arizona ........................
Arkansas ......................
California .....................
Florida ..........................
Georgia ........................
Kansas .........................
Louisiana .....................
Mississippi ...................
Missouri .......................
193.0
180.0
275.0
267.0
53.0
740.0
15.0
136.0
333.0
200.0
162.0
98.0
156.0
199.0
41.0
615.0
11.0
61.0
215.0
154.0
40.0
191.0
48.0
41.0
304.0
106.0
216.0
140.0
22.0
106.0
31.0
31.0
266.0
47.0
122.0
102.0
153.0
180.0
84.0
219.0
12.0
436.0
15.0
30.0
117.0
60.0
140.0
98.0
50.0
168.0
10.0
349.0
11.0
14.0
93.0
52.0
1.5
0.9
1.4
1.2
0.5
5.3
0.1
0.8
2.5
1.1
1.8
0.9
1.8
1.6
0.4
5.6
0.1
1.0
2.9
1.5
New Mexico .................
North Carolina ..............
Oklahoma ....................
South Carolina .............
Tennessee ...................
Texas ...........................
Virginia .........................
24.0
302.0
87.0
156.0
152.0
1,946.0
66.0
24.0
156.0
121.0
43.0
105.0
1,844.0
38.0
50.0
63.0
72.0
132.0
1,046.0
10.0
28.0
84.0
17.0
89.0
964.0
7.0
24.0
252.0
24.0
84.0
20.0
900.0
56.0
24.0
128.0
37.0
26.0
16.0
880.0
31.0
0.3
2.4
1.4
1.1
1.1
33.7
0.5
0.3
1.9
1.5
1.1
1.5
29.3
0.5
United States ...............
5,125.0
4,043.0
2,459.0
1,916.0
2,666.0
2,127.0
55.8
53.7
- Represents zero.
1
Includes planting seed, feed, exports, inter-farm sales, shrinkage, losses, and other uses.
2
Included in "other" farm disposition. Seed for planting is produced in crop year shown, but used in the following year.
Cotton Objective Yield Data
The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield surveys in six cotton-producing States during 2015.
Randomly selected plots in cotton fields were visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific counts and
measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey.
Cotton Harvest Loss per Acre – Selected States: 2011-2015
State
Arkansas ..............................
Georgia ................................
Louisiana .............................
Mississippi ...........................
North Carolina ......................
Texas ...................................
16
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
(pounds)
(pounds)
(pounds)
(pounds)
(pounds)
93
99
148
100
277
66
110
158
212
110
119
41
125
158
152
128
99
68
176
184
149
103
109
43
69
197
83
80
163
36
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Cotton Cumulative Boll Counts – Selected States: 2011-2015
[Includes small bolls (less than one inch in diameter), large unopened bolls (at least one inch in diameter), open bolls, partially opened bolls, and burrs
per 40 feet of row. November, December, and Final exclude small bolls. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
State and month
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
(number)
(number)
(number)
(number)
(number)
Arkansas
September .......................................
October ...........................................
November ........................................
December ........................................
Final ................................................
901
845
867
868
868
841
852
856
856
856
1,025
(NA)
855
862
862
910
741
771
773
773
763
769
856
856
856
Georgia
September .......................................
October ...........................................
November ........................................
December ........................................
Final ................................................
531
577
659
665
666
656
646
756
768
768
481
(NA)
663
669
670
660
660
717
718
719
645
630
748
759
759
Louisiana
September .......................................
October ...........................................
November ........................................
December ........................................
Final ................................................
938
948
949
949
949
855
880
900
900
900
806
(NA)
857
857
857
745
876
877
877
877
676
776
794
793
793
Mississippi
September .......................................
October ...........................................
November ........................................
December ........................................
Final ................................................
898
848
874
875
875
883
855
896
896
892
925
(NA)
906
907
907
843
808
861
861
861
887
839
898
898
898
North Carolina
September .......................................
October ...........................................
November ........................................
December ........................................
Final ................................................
553
610
646
646
646
727
739
865
872
872
532
(NA)
636
668
668
604
629
765
764
764
551
620
624
632
632
Texas
September .......................................
October ...........................................
November ........................................
December ........................................
Final ................................................
540
478
515
520
520
535
443
522
549
552
547
(NA)
517
526
525
485
373
453
461
482
566
442
481
492
495
(NA) Not available.
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
17
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States:
2015 and 2016
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop
Area planted
Area harvested
2015
2016
2015
2016
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 acres)
Grains and hay
Barley ..............................................................................................
Corn for grain 1 .................................................................................
Corn for silage .................................................................................
Hay, all .............................................................................................
Alfalfa ...........................................................................................
All other ........................................................................................
Oats .................................................................................................
Proso millet ......................................................................................
Rice .................................................................................................
Rye ..................................................................................................
Sorghum for grain 1 ..........................................................................
Sorghum for silage ...........................................................................
Wheat, all .........................................................................................
Winter ..........................................................................................
Durum ..........................................................................................
Other spring .................................................................................
3,558
87,999
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
3,088
445
2,614
1,569
8,459
(NA)
54,644
39,461
1,936
13,247
3,140
93,601
Oilseeds
Canola .............................................................................................
Cottonseed ......................................................................................
Flaxseed ..........................................................................................
Mustard seed ...................................................................................
Peanuts ...........................................................................................
Rapeseed ........................................................................................
Safflower ..........................................................................................
Soybeans for beans .........................................................................
Sunflower .........................................................................................
1,777.0
(X)
463
44.0
1,625.0
1.2
168.2
82,650
1,859.1
1,747.5
Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all ........................................................................................
Upland .........................................................................................
American Pima .............................................................................
Sugarbeets ......................................................................................
Sugarcane .......................................................................................
Tobacco ...........................................................................................
8,580.5
8,422.0
158.5
1,158.8
(NA)
(NA)
9,562.0
9,347.0
215.0
1,158.6
Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Austrian winter peas ........................................................................
Dry edible beans ..............................................................................
Chickpeas, all 3 ............................................................................
Large .........................................................................................
Small ..........................................................................................
Dry edible peas ................................................................................
Lentils ..............................................................................................
Wrinkled seed peas .........................................................................
34.0
1,764.4
207.5
135.3
72.2
1,143.0
493.0
(NA)
31.0
1,559.0
246.0
163.0
83.0
1,423.0
850.0
Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops ................................................................................................
Maple syrup .....................................................................................
Mushrooms ......................................................................................
Peppermint oil ..................................................................................
Potatoes, all .....................................................................................
Spring ..........................................................................................
Summer .......................................................................................
Fall ...............................................................................................
Spearmint oil ....................................................................................
Sweet potatoes ................................................................................
Taro (Hawaii) ...................................................................................
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
1,065.2
70.1
50.5
944.6
(NA)
156.9
(NA)
See footnote(s) at end of table.
18
(NA)
2,751
3,064
7,216
49,559
36,216
1,995
11,348
390
1,476.0
82,236
1,693.4
(NA)
52.0
169.4
3,109
80,749
6,221
54,437
17,778
36,659
1,276
418
2,575
360
7,851
306
47,094
32,257
1,896
12,941
54,305
29,831
1,714.5
(X)
456
40.1
1,567.0
1.1
159.1
81,814
1,799.4
8,074.9
7,920.0
154.9
1,144.3
891.7
328.7
314.5
21.0
1,711.4
203.1
131.2
71.9
1,083.5
476.0
(NA)
43.6
(NA)
(NA)
65.2
1,053.3
68.5
47.1
937.7
27.2
153.1
0.3
50.9
--continued
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States:
2015 and 2016 (continued)
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop
Yield per acre
2015
Production
2016
2015
2016
(1,000)
(1,000)
Grains and hay
Barley ................................................................................... bushels
Corn for grain ........................................................................ bushels
Corn for silage ............................................................................ tons
Hay, all ....................................................................................... tons
Alfalfa ..................................................................................... tons
All other .................................................................................. tons
Oats ...................................................................................... bushels
Proso millet ........................................................................... bushels
Rice 2 ........................................................................................... cwt
Rye ....................................................................................... bushels
Sorghum for grain ................................................................. bushels
Sorghum for silage ...................................................................... tons
Wheat, all ............................................................................. bushels
Winter ............................................................................... bushels
Durum ............................................................................... bushels
Other spring ...................................................................... bushels
68.9
168.4
20.4
2.47
3.32
2.06
70.2
33.9
7,470
31.9
76.0
14.6
43.6
42.5
43.5
46.3
Oilseeds
Canola ................................................................................... pounds
Cottonseed ................................................................................. tons
Flaxseed ............................................................................... bushels
Mustard seed ......................................................................... pounds
Peanuts ................................................................................. pounds
Rapeseed .............................................................................. pounds
Safflower ............................................................................... pounds
Soybeans for beans .............................................................. bushels
Sunflower .............................................................................. pounds
1,677
(X)
22.1
671
3,963
1,382
1,347
48.0
1,625
2,875,010
4,043.0
10,095
26,927
6,210,590
1,520
214,251
3,929,160
2,923,730
Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all 2 ............................................................................... bales
Upland 2 ................................................................................ bales
American Pima 2 ................................................................... bales
Sugarbeets ................................................................................. tons
Sugarcane .................................................................................. tons
Tobacco ................................................................................. pounds
766
755
1,342
30.8
37.3
2,178
12,888.0
12,455.0
433.0
35,278
33,244
715,946
Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Austrian winter peas 2 .................................................................. cwt
Dry edible beans 2 ....................................................................... cwt
Chickpeas, all 2 3 ...................................................................... cwt
Large 2 ................................................................................... cwt
Small 2 ................................................................................... cwt
Dry edible peas 2 ......................................................................... cwt
Lentils 2 ........................................................................................ cwt
Wrinkled seed peas ..................................................................... cwt
1,238
1,760
1,242
1,231
1,263
1,687
1,108
(NA)
260
30,121
2,523
1,615
908
18,283
5,276
384
Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops ...................................................................................... pounds
Maple syrup ........................................................................... gallons
Mushrooms ............................................................................ pounds
Peppermint oil ........................................................................ pounds
Potatoes, all ................................................................................. cwt
Spring ...................................................................................... cwt
Summer ................................................................................... cwt
Fall .......................................................................................... cwt
Spearmint oil ......................................................................... pounds
Sweet potatoes ............................................................................ cwt
Taro (Hawaii) ......................................................................... pounds
1,807
(NA)
(NA)
90
418
296
334
431
113
203
10,300
78,846.0
3,414
952,619
5,882
440,498
20,251
15,734
404,513
3,070
31,016
3,502
47.8
328
214,297
13,601,198
126,894
134,388
58,974
75,414
89,535
14,159
192,343
11,496
596,751
4,475
2,051,752
1,370,188
82,484
599,080
1,427,084
16,677
(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Area planted for all purposes.
2
Yield in pounds.
3
Chickpeas included with dry edible beans.
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
19
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States:
2015 and 2016
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop
Area planted
Area harvested
2015
2016
2015
2016
(hectares)
(hectares)
(hectares)
(hectares)
Grains and hay
Barley .................................................................................
Corn for grain 1 ....................................................................
Corn for silage ....................................................................
Hay, all 2 .............................................................................
Alfalfa ..............................................................................
All other ...........................................................................
Oats ....................................................................................
Proso millet .........................................................................
Rice ....................................................................................
Rye .....................................................................................
Sorghum for grain 1 .............................................................
Sorghum for silage ..............................................................
Wheat, all 2 .........................................................................
Winter .............................................................................
Durum .............................................................................
Other spring ....................................................................
1,439,890
35,612,320
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
1,249,680
180,090
1,057,860
634,960
3,423,270
(NA)
22,113,880
15,969,470
783,480
5,360,930
1,270,730
37,879,390
Oilseeds
Canola ................................................................................
Cottonseed .........................................................................
Flaxseed .............................................................................
Mustard seed ......................................................................
Peanuts ..............................................................................
Rapeseed ...........................................................................
Safflower .............................................................................
Soybeans for beans ............................................................
Sunflower ............................................................................
719,130
(X)
187,370
17,810
657,620
490
68,070
33,447,630
752,360
707,200
Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all 2 .........................................................................
Upland ............................................................................
American Pima ................................................................
Sugarbeets .........................................................................
Sugarcane ..........................................................................
Tobacco ..............................................................................
3,472,440
3,408,300
64,140
468,950
(NA)
(NA)
3,869,650
3,782,640
87,010
468,870
Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Austrian winter peas ...........................................................
Dry edible beans .................................................................
Chickpeas 3 .....................................................................
Large ............................................................................
Small .............................................................................
Dry edible peas ...................................................................
Lentils .................................................................................
Wrinkled seed peas ............................................................
13,760
714,040
83,970
54,750
29,220
462,560
199,510
(NA)
12,550
630,910
99,550
65,960
33,590
575,870
343,990
Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops ...................................................................................
Maple syrup ........................................................................
Mushrooms .........................................................................
Peppermint oil .....................................................................
Potatoes, all 2 ......................................................................
Spring .............................................................................
Summer ..........................................................................
Fall ..................................................................................
Spearmint oil .......................................................................
Sweet potatoes ...................................................................
Taro (Hawaii) ......................................................................
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
431,080
28,370
20,440
382,270
(NA)
63,500
(NA)
See footnote(s) at end of table.
20
(NA)
1,113,300
1,239,970
2,920,240
20,056,030
14,656,250
807,360
4,592,420
157,830
597,320
33,280,090
685,300
(NA)
21,040
68,550
1,258,180
32,678,310
2,517,580
22,030,110
7,194,580
14,835,530
516,380
169,160
1,042,080
145,690
3,177,220
123,840
19,058,470
13,054,090
767,290
5,237,090
21,976,690
12,072,310
693,840
(X)
184,540
16,230
634,150
450
64,390
33,109,310
728,200
3,267,830
3,205,140
62,690
463,090
360,860
133,000
127,250
8,500
692,590
82,190
53,100
29,100
438,480
192,630
(NA)
17,660
(NA)
(NA)
26,390
426,260
27,720
19,060
379,480
11,010
61,960
140
20,600
--continued
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States:
2015 and 2016 (continued)
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop
Yield per hectare
Production
2015
2016
2015
2016
(metric tons)
(metric tons)
(metric tons)
(metric tons)
Grains and hay
Barley ..............................................................................................
Corn for grain ...................................................................................
Corn for silage .................................................................................
Hay, all 2 ..........................................................................................
Alfalfa ..........................................................................................
All other .......................................................................................
Oats .................................................................................................
Proso millet ......................................................................................
Rice .................................................................................................
Rye ..................................................................................................
Sorghum for grain ............................................................................
Sorghum for silage ...........................................................................
Wheat, all 2 ......................................................................................
Winter ..........................................................................................
Durum ..........................................................................................
Other spring .................................................................................
3.71
10.57
45.73
5.53
7.44
4.61
2.52
1.90
8.37
2.00
4.77
32.78
2.93
2.86
2.93
3.11
Oilseeds
Canola .............................................................................................
Cottonseed ......................................................................................
Flaxseed ..........................................................................................
Mustard seed ...................................................................................
Peanuts ...........................................................................................
Rapeseed ........................................................................................
Safflower .........................................................................................
Soybeans for beans .........................................................................
Sunflower ........................................................................................
1.88
(X)
1.39
0.75
4.44
1.55
1.51
3.23
1.82
1,304,080
3,667,750
256,420
12,210
2,817,080
690
97,180
106,934,210
1,326,180
Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all 2 ......................................................................................
Upland .........................................................................................
American Pima ............................................................................
Sugarbeets ......................................................................................
Sugarcane .......................................................................................
Tobacco ...........................................................................................
0.86
0.85
1.50
69.11
83.57
2.44
2,806,030
2,711,760
94,270
32,003,660
30,158,450
324,750
Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Austrian winter peas ........................................................................
Dry edible beans ..............................................................................
Chickpeas, all 3 ............................................................................
Large .........................................................................................
Small .........................................................................................
Dry edible peas ................................................................................
Lentils ..............................................................................................
Wrinkled seed peas .........................................................................
1.39
1.97
1.39
1.38
1.42
1.89
1.24
(NA)
11,790
1,366,270
114,440
73,260
41,190
829,300
239,320
17,420
Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops ................................................................................................
Maple syrup .....................................................................................
Mushrooms ......................................................................................
Peppermint oil ..................................................................................
Potatoes, all 2 ..................................................................................
Spring ..........................................................................................
Summer .......................................................................................
Fall ..............................................................................................
Spearmint oil ...................................................................................
Sweet potatoes ................................................................................
Taro (Hawaii) ...................................................................................
2.03
(NA)
(NA)
0.10
46.87
33.14
37.44
48.35
0.13
22.71
11.55
35,760
17,070
432,100
2,670
19,980,650
918,570
713,680
18,348,400
1,390
1,406,860
1,590
3.22
36.72
4,665,770
345,486,340
115,116,300
121,914,740
53,500,310
68,414,430
1,299,600
321,120
8,724,530
292,010
15,158,170
4,059,650
55,839,540
37,290,410
2,244,850
16,304,290
38,838,860
756,460
(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Area planted for all purposes.
2
Total may not add due to rounding.
3
Chickpeas included with dry edible beans.
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
21
Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2015 and 2016
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year,
except citrus which is for the 2015-2016 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop
Citrus 1
Grapefruit .............................................................................................. 1,000 tons
Lemons ................................................................................................. 1,000 tons
Oranges ................................................................................................ 1,000 tons
Tangelos (Florida) ................................................................................. 1,000 tons
Tangerines and mandarins .................................................................... 1,000 tons
Noncitrus
Apples ............................................................................................. million pounds
Apricots .......................................................................................................... tons
Avocados ....................................................................................................... tons
Bananas (Hawaii) ............................................................................. 1,000 pounds
Blackberries (Oregon) ...................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Blueberries
Cultivated ..................................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Wild (Maine) ................................................................................. 1,000 pounds
Boysenberries (Oregon) ................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Raspberries, All ................................................................................ 1,000 pounds
Cherries, Sweet ............................................................................................. tons
Cherries, Tart .................................................................................. million pounds
Coffee .............................................................................................. 1,000 pounds
Cranberries .................................................................................................. barrel
Dates (California) ........................................................................................... tons
Figs (California) .............................................................................................. tons
Grapes ........................................................................................................... tons
Kiwifruit (California) ........................................................................................ tons
Nectarines ...................................................................................................... tons
Olives (California) .......................................................................................... tons
Papayas (Hawaii) ............................................................................. 1,000 pounds
Peaches ......................................................................................................... tons
Pears ............................................................................................................. tons
Plums (California) .......................................................................................... tons
Prunes (California) ......................................................................................... tons
Prunes and Plums .......................................................................................... tons
Strawberries ........................................................................................... 1,000 cwt
Nuts and miscellaneous
Almonds, shelled (California) ........................................................... 1,000 pounds
Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ........................................................................... tons
Macadamias (Hawaii) ....................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Pecans, in-shell ................................................................................ 1,000 pounds
Pistachios (California) ...................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Walnuts, in-shell (California) .......................................................................... tons
1
Production
2015
2016
890
904
6,369
30
855
825
900
5,816
18
947
10,171.8
53,008
338,485
222.6
33,189
8,412,700
8,046,400
804,600
733,000
100,000
30,867
1,890,000
39,000
2,000,000
272,340
575,000
Production years are 2014-2015 and 2015-2016.
22
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units – United States: 2015 and 2016
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year,
except citrus which is for the 2015-2016 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop
Citrus 1
Grapefruit .............................................................................................................
Lemons ................................................................................................................
Oranges ................................................................................................................
Tangelos (Florida) ................................................................................................
Tangerines and mandarins ...................................................................................
Noncitrus
Apples ..................................................................................................................
Apricots ................................................................................................................
Avocados ..............................................................................................................
Bananas (Hawaii) .................................................................................................
Blackberries (Oregon) ...........................................................................................
Blueberries
Cultivated .........................................................................................................
Wild (Maine) .....................................................................................................
Boysenberries (Oregon) ........................................................................................
Raspberries, All ....................................................................................................
Cherries, Sweet ....................................................................................................
Cherries, Tart ........................................................................................................
Coffee ...................................................................................................................
Cranberries ...........................................................................................................
Dates (California) ..................................................................................................
Figs (California) ....................................................................................................
Grapes .................................................................................................................
Kiwifruit (California) ...............................................................................................
Nectarines ............................................................................................................
Olives (California) .................................................................................................
Papayas (Hawaii) .................................................................................................
Peaches ...............................................................................................................
Pears ....................................................................................................................
Plums (California) .................................................................................................
Prunes (California) ................................................................................................
Prunes and Plums ................................................................................................
Strawberries .........................................................................................................
Nuts and miscellaneous
Almonds, shelled (California) ................................................................................
Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) .................................................................................
Macadamias (Hawaii) ...........................................................................................
Pecans, in-shell ....................................................................................................
Pistachios (California) ...........................................................................................
Walnuts, in-shell (California) .................................................................................
1
Production
2015
2016
(metric tons)
(metric tons)
807,390
820,100
5,777,860
27,220
775,640
748,430
816,470
5,276,190
16,330
859,100
4,613,850
48,090
307,070
100,970
15,050
381,590
7,299,570
729,920
664,970
90,720
1,400,100
857,290
35,380
907,185
123,530
521,630
Production years are 2014-2015 and 2015-2016.
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
23
24
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
April Weather Summary
A mid-month pattern change brought much-needed precipitation to the Hard Red Winter Wheat Belt and gradually pushed
warm, showery weather into the Midwestern and Mid-Atlantic States. The central and southern Plains’ precipitation
reversed a short-term drying trend and put an end to a spate of wildfires and episodes of blowing dust. And, as heavier
precipitation began to overspread the Midwest, an initially torrid corn planting pace gradually slowed.
On the strength of mid- to late-month storminess, above-average precipitation dominated the Nation’s mid-section.
Excessive rain fell, however, in parts of the western Gulf Coast region, where some early plantings were washed away by
flooding. Wetness extended as far east as the lower Mississippi Valley, resulting in some fieldwork delays.
In contrast, short-term dryness intensified for much of April across the Mid-Atlantic States and environs, although latemonth rainfall began to boost topsoil moisture. In addition, hard freezes on April 6 and 10—following a warm March—
caused damage to a variety of crops, including fruits and ornamentals, as far south as North Carolina. Farther north,
persistently cool weather from the Great Lakes region into New England held monthly temperatures as much as 5°F
below normal.
Elsewhere, periodic April showers engulfed much of the western United States, although warm, dry conditions dominated
the Pacific Northwest. The Northwestern drying trend followed a very wet winter, helping to minimize impacts. Monthly
temperatures averaged at least 5°F above normal in much of the Northwest, despite a late-month cool spell. Farther south,
late-season storms provided additional drought relief and delivered high-elevation snow, with some of the heaviest
precipitation occurring across the Great Basin, central Rockies, and northern Intermountain West.
April Agricultural Summary
Temperatures were generally above-normal across most of the Nation during the month of April. Monthly average
temperatures were more than 2°F above normal west of the Rocky Mountains and in the central Great Plains with most of
the Northwest averaging more than 4°F above normal. The major exceptions to this trend were recorded in the
Great Lakes Region and the Northeast where April average temperatures were below normal. Drier than normal
conditions were reported in the Northwest and the Northeast. Precipitation was more widespread across the central and
southeastern United States, with several locations in the Great Plains and Delta recording over 4 inches above normal for
the month.
By April 10, producers had planted 4 percent of this year’s corn crop, 3 percentage points ahead of last year but equal to
the 5-year average. Planting progress was at or behind normal in all States except Kansas, Missouri, North Carolina,
Pennsylvania, and Tennessee. By April 17, producers had planted 13 percent of the Nation’s corn crop, 6 percentage
points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Corn producers had planted 30 percent of
the 2016 crop by April 24, fourteen percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Excellent fieldwork
conditions facilitated rapid planting progress, particularly in Minnesota and Illinois. Producers had planted 45 percent of
this year’s corn crop by May 1, equal to last year but 15 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Planting progress
was well ahead of historical averages in the central locations of the major corn producing region but continued to lag
behind normal in the western Corn Belt. By May 1, thirteen percent of the Nation’s corn crop was emerged, 6 percentage
points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
By April 24, three percent of Nation’s soybean crop was planted, slightly ahead of both last year and the 5-year average.
Although planting was most advanced in the Delta, wet conditions led to significant delays in Louisiana at that time with
only 19 percent planted, 15 percentage points behind the 5-year average. On May 1, eight percent of the Nation’s soybean
crop was planted, 2 percentage points behind last year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. During the last
week of April, favorable planting conditions in Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee led to double-digit
weekly planting progress.
Overall, 59 percent of the winter wheat crop was reported in good to excellent condition on April 3, compared with
44 percent at the same time last year. At the time, crop conditions had improved by 20 percentage points or more over the
winter months in the northwestern States of Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. Nationally, 26 percent of the winter wheat
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
25
crop was headed by April 24, slightly ahead of last year and 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Beneficial
precipitation promoted rapid crop development in Kansas, with heading advancing 20 percentage points during the
third week of the month. By May 1, heading of the winter wheat crop had advanced to 42 percent complete, 3 percentage
points ahead of last year and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Overall, 61 percent of the winter wheat crop
was reported in good to excellent condition on May 1, up 2 percentage points from the beginning of the month and
18 percentage points above the same time last year.
By April 3, producers had planted 3 percent of this year’s cotton crop, slightly ahead of last year but 2 percentage points
behind the 5-year average. Progress was most advanced at the time in Arizona with 25 percent planted, equal to last year
but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Producers had planted 7 percent of this year’s cotton crop by
April 17, equal to last year but 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Planting progress was at or behind the
5-year average in all estimating States except Arizona and Missouri. Nationally, cotton producers had planted 16 percent
of the cotton crop by May 1, slightly ahead of last year but 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average.
With activity limited to Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas, 13 percent of the Nation’s sorghum crop had been planted by
April 3, five percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. By April 17, sixteen percent of the
sorghum crop was planted, 2 percentage points behind last year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average.
Despite continued wet conditions in Louisiana, planting progress advanced 24 percentage points during the second full
week of the month to 53 percent complete by April 17. Nationally, planting advanced to 23 percent complete by May 1,
five percentage points behind last year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Planting progress continued to
lag behind normal for most estimating States, with only Missouri and Oklahoma at or ahead of the 5-year average.
By April 3, producers had seeded 16 percent of the 2016 rice crop, 3 percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the
5-year average. With progress limited to Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas, 7 percent of the Nation’s rice crop was emerged
at the time, 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By April 17, producers had seeded 48 percent of this year’s
rice crop, 18 percentage points ahead of last year and 12 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. In Arkansas,
where ideal weather conditions aided fieldwork, seeding was 19 percentage points ahead of normal. At the time,
19 percent of the Nation’s rice crop was emerged, 5 percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average.
By May 1, seventy-two percent of the rice crop was seeded, 17 percentage points ahead of last year and 16 percentage
points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationally, emergence advanced to 55 percent complete, 21 percentage points ahead
of last year and 16 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. During the last week of the month, an additional
26 percent of the crop emerged in Arkansas, the Nation’s leading rice-producing State.
Nationally, oat producers had seeded 29 percent of this year’s crop by April 3, six percentage points behind the 5-year
average. Oat planting progress was at or behind the 5-year average in all estimating States except Pennsylvania at the
beginning of the month. With progress mostly limited to the earlier-planted crop in Texas, 24 percent of the Nation’s oat
crop was emerged by April 3, five percentage points behind the 5-year average. Fifty-six percent of the oat crop was
seeded by April 17, two percentage points ahead of last year and 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By
May 1, oat producers had sown 78 percent of the Nation’s crop, 3 percentage points behind last year but 13 percentage
points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationally, 56 percent of the oat crop had emerged by May 1, three percentage points
ahead of last year and 9 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Iowa, Minnesota, Pennsylvania, and South Dakota
reported emergence progress more than 20 percentage points ahead of their respective 5-year averages by the end of the
month.
Six percent of the Nation’s barley was planted by April 3, slightly behind the 5-year average. Planting progress was well
behind the historical pace in Idaho with 6 percent planted, 15 percentage points behind the 5-year average.
Forty-five percent of the barley crop was seeded by April 24, seven percentage points behind last year but 9 percentage
points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationwide, 15 percent of the 2016 barley crop was emerged by April 24, equal to last
year but 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Barley producers had seeded 57 percent of the Nation’s crop by
May 1, thirteen percentage points behind last year but 10 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 1,
emergence was evident in 29 percent of the Nation’s barley acreage, 4 percentage points behind last year but
11 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
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By April 10, thirteen percent of the spring wheat crop was seeded, slightly behind last year but 3 percentage points ahead
of the 5-year average. Spring wheat producers had seeded 27 percent of this year’s crop by April 17, four percentage
points behind last year but 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Planting progress advanced rapidly in the
northern Great Plains, with progress over 20 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average in Montana and South Dakota.
Fifty-four percent of the spring wheat crop was seeded by May 1, fifteen percentage points behind last year but
15 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Planting progress was ahead of the 5-year average in all estimating
States except Idaho. By May 1, twenty-two percent of the spring wheat crop was emerged, 2 percentage points behind last
year but 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
Nationally, peanut producers had planted 4 percent of this year’s crop by April 24, equal to both last year and the 5-year
average. Twelve percent of the Nation’s peanut crop was planted by May 1, three percentage points ahead of last year and
2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Planting was most advanced in Florida, at 25 percent complete,
9 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
One percent of the Nation’s sugarbeet crop was planted by April 3, three percentage points behind both last year and the
5-year average. The crop was 5 percent planted in Idaho, 16 percentage points behind last year and 8 percentage points
behind the 5-year average. Planting had yet to begin by April 3 in Michigan, despite a 5-year average planting pace of
12 percent complete. By May 1, sugarbeet producers had planted 80 percent of the Nation’s crop, 11 percentage points
behind last year but 32 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. In Minnesota, producers had planted 88 percent of
the sugarbeet crop by May 1, more than 3 weeks ahead of the 5-year average pace.
Crop Comments
Winter wheat: Production is forecast at 1.43 billion bushels, up 4 percent from 2015. As of May 1, the United States
yield is forecast at 47.8 bushels per acre, up 5.3 bushels from last year. If realized, this will equal the record yield set in
1999. Expected grain area is forecast at 29.8 million acres, down 8 percent from last year. Hard Red Winter (HRW)
harvested acreage is down 9 percent from the previous year. Soft Red Winter (SRW) harvested acreage is expected to be
down 8 percent from last year. As of May 1, sixty-one percent of the winter wheat crop in the 18 major producing States
was rated in good to excellent condition, 18 percentage points better than at the same time last year. Nationally, 42 percent
of the winter wheat crop was headed by May 1, eight percentage points ahead of the 5-year average pace.
As of May 1, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas winter wheat was rated in good to excellent condition at 52 percent,
64 percent, and 49 percent, respectively. In Texas, there were some areas of the Southern Low Plains, Cross Timbers, and
Edwards Plateau that experienced damage due to hail or high winds. Some disease presence was reported in areas of
Kentucky, Montana, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Washington.
As of May 1, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington winter wheat was rated in good to excellent condition at 90 percent,
65 percent, and 82 percent, respectively. Record high yields are expected in Illinois, Michigan, Nebraska, Ohio, and
Tennessee.
Durum wheat: Production of Durum wheat in Arizona and California is forecast at a collective 15.5 million bushels,
down 24 percent from 2015. In Arizona, the crop was 60 percent headed by May 1, fourteen percentage points behind last
year and 23 percentage points behind the 5-year average. In southern California, harvest is expected to begin in mid-May.
Hay stocks on farms: All hay stored on United States farms as of May 1, 2016 totaled 25.1 million tons, up 3 percent
from a year ago. Disappearance between December 1, 2015 and May 1, 2016 totaled 69.9 million tons, compared with
67.5 million tons for the same period a year earlier.
May 1 hay stocks were up slightly from the previous year as mild winter conditions throughout most of the Nation did not
extend supplemental feeding.
Grapefruit: The United States 2015-2016 grapefruit crop is forecast at 825,000 tons, up 1 percent from last month’s
forecast but down 7 percent from last season’s final utilization. In Florida, expected production, at 10.9 million boxes, is
up 1 percent from last month but down 16 percent from last year. California and Texas grapefruit production forecasts
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
27
were carried forward from the previous forecast.
Tangerines and mandarins: The United States tangerine and mandarin crop is forecast at 947,000 tons, unchanged from
last month but up 11 percent from last season’s final utilization. If realized, this will be the largest production ever
recorded in the data series which began in 1964-1965. The Florida forecast is up 1 percent from the previous month but
down 37 percent from last year’s utilized production. The California tangerine and mandarin production forecast was
carried forward from the previous forecast. Estimates for Arizona have been discontinued.
Tangelos: Florida’s tangelo forecast is 390,000 boxes (18,000 tons), unchanged from last month but down 41 percent
from last season’s final utilization. The production is the lowest since the 1958-1959 season.
Florida citrus: In the citrus growing region, reported daily high temperatures were slightly above average for this time of
the year. All reporting stations had highs at least in the mid to upper 80s, with a few stations reaching over 90 degrees.
Morning lows were mostly in the 60s and 70s. Rainfall was less than average in the citrus growing region. Two of
eighteen monitored counties had totals close to historical averages. St. Lucie West (St. Lucie County) had 2.61 inches,
followed by Balm (Hillsborough County) at 2.23 inches. Of the remaining sixteen monitored stations, nine had an inch or
less of rainfall. According to the April 26, 2016 U.S. Drought Monitor, only Marion and Putnam Counties in the most
northern part of the citrus region were abnormally dry. The remaining citrus growing counties were drought free.
Packinghouses were still taking mostly Valencia oranges. Only a few red grapefruit and Honey tangerines were available
for the fresh market. With the seasonably dry weather and warm temperatures over the past two weeks, grove owners
continued robust irrigating programs, watering several times during the week. Field workers reported various methods of
combating greening and controlling psyllid population, including tenting of smaller trees, steam treatment, and spraying.
Trees were holding fruit from pea size to marble size for next season’s crop. Field workers reported seeing an abundance
of resetting going on, mostly in the center of the State. Other grove activities included fertilizing, spraying, hedging, and
topping.
California citrus: Navel and Valencia oranges continued to be harvested. Quality was reported to be an issue as the
Navel orange crop continued to mature with the hot weather. The Valencia orange harvest was accelerating. Navel,
Valencia, Cara Cara, Golden Nugget mandarins, Minneola tangelos, and lemons continued to be packed and exported to
foreign and domestic markets. Seedless tangerines remained netted to prevent cross pollination.
California noncitrus fruits and nuts: In Monterey County, wine grapes were budding and sulfur applications were being
applied. In Fresno County, grape shoot growth continued as applications of sulfur dust, nitrogen, and zinc fertilization
were applied based on vineyard historical performance and scouting. There were reports of powdery mildew pressure
around the County and fungicide treatment programs were applied accordingly. Wine grapes received a third fungicide
application close to months’ end. The harvesting of cherries continued throughout the month. Olive orchards were
blooming. New almond orchards were still being planted by mid-month. In Kings County, apricots and nectarines were
being thinned. Pomegranates continued to bloom. In Madera County, fertilizing and irrigating of tree fruits and grapes
continued and pistachio trees received nutrient sprays. In San Joaquin County, many orchards were mowed to control
weeds. Fungicides were applied to all grapevines. Cherry packing sheds continued to prepare to receive fruit from the
southern part of the State. In Stanislaus County, insecticides were applied to cherry orchards. The quality of cherries was
improving as the local varieties continued to be harvested. Stone fruit orchards continued to be thinned and trimmed and
pistachio trees continued blooming. Almond orchards continued to show rapid growth. Some older walnut orchards were
in the process of being removed at the end of the month. In Sutter County, stone fruits and grapevines were setting fruit
and orchard weed control was ongoing. Many growers in several counties fertilized, irrigated, and pruned nut orchards
throughout the month. Growers continued to apply copper and fungicides to nut orchards. In Tulare County, walnut
orchards were leafing out. Pistachio trees continued blooming. Almond trees continued to show rapid growth.
Peaches: The California 2016 peach crop is forecast at 580,000 tons, up 4 percent from 2015.
The California Freestone crop is forecast at 260,000 tons, up 3 percent from last season. Growers reported a similar sized
crop to last season. In early-May, Snow Angel peaches were being harvested and shipped.
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Crop Production (May 2016)
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The California Clingstone crop is forecast at 320,000 tons, up 5 percent from 2015. Growers reported full bloom occurred
in late-February, slightly earlier than last year. The crop has been rated as good in all areas of the State. Irrigation districts
have increased their surface water deliveries to growers this year due to a wet winter.
Almonds: The 2016 California almond production (shelled basis) is forecast at 2.00 billion pounds, up 6 percent from the
2015 production of 1.89 billion pounds. The almond bloom began in mid-February, slightly later than the previous season.
The 2016 bloom was fast and fairly uniform, with good weather conditions. However, after the bloom heavy winds
accelerated nut drop.
Spring potatoes: Production for 2016 is forecast at 16.7 million cwt, down 18 percent from 2015. Planted area is forecast
at 52,000 acres, a 5 percent decrease from the March intentions. Area for harvest is forecast at 50,900 acres, down
26 percent from the previous year. The average yield forecast, at 328 cwt per acre, is up 32 cwt from 2015.
Tobacco: Revised United States tobacco production for 2015 totaled 716 million pounds, up 1 percent from the January
preliminary estimate but down 18 percent from 2014. Harvested area is estimated at 328,650 acres, up slightly from the
January preliminary estimate but down 13 percent from last year. Yield per acre averaged 2,178 pounds per acre,
unchanged from the January preliminary estimate but 138 pounds below 2014.
2015 Cotton final: All cotton production is estimated at 12.9 million 480-pound bales, down 21 percent from the
2014 crop. The United States yield for all cotton is estimated at 766 pounds per acre, down 72 pounds from the previous
year. Record high yields are estimated in Kansas, Oklahoma, and Tennessee.
Upland cotton production is estimated at 12.5 million 480-pound bales, down 21 percent from the 2014 crop. The
United States yield for Upland cotton is estimated at 755 pounds per acre, down 71 pounds from 2014.
America Pima production is estimated at 433,000 bales (480-pounds), down 24 percent from 2014. The United States
yield is estimated at 1,342 per acre, down 90 pounds from the previous season.
Cottonseed: Cottonseed production in 2015 totaled 4.04 million tons, down 21 percent from the previous year. Sales to
oil mills accounted for 47 percent of the disposition. The remaining 53 percent will be used for seed, feed, exports, and
various other uses.
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
29
Statistical Methodology
Wheat survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between April 25 and May 5 to
gather information on expected yield as of May 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in three States (Kansas,
Oklahoma, and Texas) where wheat is normally mature enough to make meaningful counts. Farm operators were
interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in
selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. Counts such as
number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that would
be harvested. The counts are used with similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The
average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the
heads are clipped, threshed, and weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled
to obtain current year harvesting loss.
The farm operator survey included a sample of approximately 11,700 producers representing all major production areas.
The survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet and personal interviewers. These
producers were selected from an earlier acreage survey and were asked about the probable winter wheat acres for harvest
and yield on their operation. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide
indications of average yields.
Orange survey procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the May 1 forecast was conducted in Florida, which
accounts for nearly 63 percent of the United States production. Bearing tree numbers are determined at the start of the
season based on a tree inventory survey conducted every year combined with special surveys. From mid-July to
mid-September, the number of fruit per tree is determined. In August and subsequent months, fruit size measurement and
fruit droppage surveys are conducted, which combined with the previous components are used to develop the current
forecast of production. California and Texas conduct grower and packer surveys on a quarterly basis in October, January,
April, and July. California also conducts objective measurement surveys in September for Navel oranges and in March for
Valencia oranges.
Wheat estimating procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for
reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather
patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each Regional Field Office submits their
analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State
analyses to prepare the published May 1 forecasts.
Orange estimating procedures: State level objective yield indications for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors,
reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The Florida Field Office submits its analysis of the current
situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the Florida survey data and their analysis to prepare
the published May 1 forecast. The May 1 orange production forecasts for California and Texas are carried forward from
April.
Revision Policy: The May 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month
throughout the growing season. End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the wheat marketing
season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks.
Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. End-of-season
orange estimates will be published in the Citrus Fruits Summary released in September. The orange production estimates
are based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from marketing orders,
shipments, and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use.
Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the May 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error," a
statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the May 1 production forecast and the
final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage deviations for the
latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error."
Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final
end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent
30
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
years.
The "Root Mean Square Error" for the May 1 winter wheat production forecast is 7.0 percent. This means that chances are
two out of three that the current production forecast will not be above or below the final estimate by more than
7.0 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 12.1 percent.
Differences between the May 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the past 20 years have
averaged 90 million bushels, ranging from 6 million to 284 million bushels. The May 1 forecast has been below the final
estimate 10 times and above 10 times. This does not imply that the May 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to
understate or overstate final production.
The "Root Mean Square Error" for the May 1 orange production forecast is 2.2 percent. However, if you exclude the
three abnormal production seasons (one freeze season and two hurricane seasons), the "Root Mean Square Error" is
2.4 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current orange production forecast will not be above or below
the final estimates by more than 2.2 percent, or 2.4 percent, excluding abnormal seasons. Chances are 9 out of 10
(90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 3.8 percent, or 4.1 percent, excluding abnormal seasons.
Changes between the May 1 orange forecast and the final estimates during the past 20 years have averaged 152,000 tons
(171,000 tons, excluding abnormal seasons), ranging from 19,000 tons to 441,000 tons (36,000 tons to 441,000 tons,
excluding abnormal seasons). The May 1 forecast for oranges has been below the final estimate 9 times and above
11 times (below 7 times and above 10 times, excluding abnormal seasons). This does not imply that the May 1 forecast
this year is likely to understate or overstate final production.
Crop Production (May 2016)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
31
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Information Contacts
Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact
for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to [email protected]
Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch ....................................................................................................... (202) 720-2127
Anthony Prillaman, Head, Field Crops Section .................................................................................... (202) 720-2127
Angie Considine – Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum ................................................................... (202) 720-5944
Tony Dahlman – Oats, Soybeans ..................................................................................................... (202) 690-3234
Chris Hawthorn – Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet .............................................................................. (202) 720-9526
James Johanson – County Estimates, Hay ....................................................................................... (202) 690-8533
Scott Matthews – Crop Weather, Barley .......................................................................................... (202) 720-7621
Jean Porter – Rye, Wheat ................................................................................................................. (202) 720-8068
Bianca Pruneda – Peanuts, Rice ....................................................................................................... (202) 720-7688
Travis Thorson – Sunflower, Other Oilseeds ................................................................................... (202) 720-7369
Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section ............................................ (202) 720-2127
Vincent Davis – Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries,
Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Cherries ................................................................................................ (202) 720-2157
Fleming Gibson – Citrus, Coffee, Tropical Fruits............................................................................ (202) 720-5412
Greg Lemmons – Berries, Cranberries, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes .................................................. (202) 720-4285
Dave Losh – Hops ............................................................................................................................ (360) 709-2400
Dan Norris – Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, Mint,
Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, Wrinkled Seed Peas, Dry Beans .................................................. (202) 720-3250
Daphne Schauber – Floriculture, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Nursery, Tree Nuts ................................. (202) 720-4215
Chris Singh – Apples, Apricots, Plums, Prunes, Tobacco .............................................................. (202) 720-4288
32
Crop Production (May 2016)
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Access to NASS Reports
For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways:
All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov
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For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540,
7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: [email protected].
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