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pdfCrop Production
ISSN: 1936-3737
Released November 10, 2020, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States
Department of Agriculture (USDA).
Corn Production Down 1 Percent from October Forecast
Soybean Production Down 2 Percent
Cotton Production Up less than 1 Percent
Corn production for grain is forecast at 14.5 billion bushels, down 1 percent from the previous forecast but up 7 percent
from 2019. Based on conditions as of November 1, yields are expected to average 175.8 bushels per harvested acre, down
2.6 bushels from the previous forecast but up 8.3 bushels from last year. Area harvested for grain is forecast at
82.5 million acres, unchanged from the previous forecast, but up 1 percent from the previous year.
Soybean production for beans is forecast at 4.17 billion bushels, down 2 percent from the previous forecast but
up 17 percent from last year. Based on conditions as of November 1, yields are expected to average 50.7 bushels per
harvested acre, down 1.2 bushels from the previous forecast but up 3.3 bushels from 2019. Area harvested for beans in the
United States is forecast at 82.3 million acres, unchanged from the previous forecast but up 10 percent from 2019.
All cotton production is forecast at 17.1 million 480-pound bales, up less than 1 percent from the previous forecast but
down 14 percent from 2019. Based on conditions as of November 1, yields are expected to average 911 pounds per
harvested acre, up 2 pounds from the previous forecast and up 88 pounds from 2019. Upland cotton production is forecast
at 16.5 million 480-pound bales, up less than 1 percent from the previous forecast but down 14 percent from 2019. Pima
cotton production is forecast at 557,000 bales, up 2 percent from the previous forecast but down 19 percent from 2019. All
cotton area harvested is forecast at 9.01 million acres, unchanged from the previous forecast, but down 22 percent from
2019.
This report was approved on November 10, 2020.
Secretary of Agriculture
Designate
Bill Northey
2
Agricultural Statistics Board
Chairperson
Joseph L. Parsons
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Contents
Corn for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2019 and Forecasted
November 1, 2020 ................................................................................................................................................................... 6
Corn Production – United States Chart ................................................................................................................................... 7
Sorghum for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2019 and Forecasted
November 1, 2020 ................................................................................................................................................................... 7
Rice Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2019 and Forecasted
November 1, 2020 ................................................................................................................................................................... 8
Rice Production by Class – United States: 2019 and Forecasted November 1, 2020 ............................................................. 8
Soybean Production – United States Chart ............................................................................................................................. 8
Soybeans for Beans Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2019 and Forecasted
November 1, 2020 ................................................................................................................................................................... 9
Peanut Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2019 and Forecasted
November 1, 2020 ................................................................................................................................................................. 10
Cottonseed Production – United States: 2019 and Forecasted November 1, 2020 ............................................................... 10
Cotton Production – United States Chart .............................................................................................................................. 10
Cotton Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type – States and United States: 2019 and Forecasted
November 1, 2020 ................................................................................................................................................................. 11
Sugarbeet Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2019 and Forecasted
November 1, 2020 ................................................................................................................................................................. 12
Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2019 and
Forecasted November 1, 2020 .............................................................................................................................................. 12
Potato Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2019 and 2020 .................................................................. 13
Potato Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2019 and Forecasted
November 1, 2020 ................................................................................................................................................................. 13
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2019 and 2020 ................... 14
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States: 2019 and 2020 ....................... 16
Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2020 and 2021 .................................................................. 18
Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units – United States: 2020 and 2021 ....................................................................... 19
Corn for Grain Plant Population per Acre – Selected States: 2016-2020 ............................................................................. 20
Corn for Grain Number of Ears per Acre – Selected States: 2016-2020 .............................................................................. 21
Corn Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab – United States: 2016-2020.............................................. 21
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
3
Corn for Grain Percentage Distribution by Plant Population Per Acre – Selected States: 2016-2020 ................................. 22
Corn for Grain Frequency of Farmer Reported Row Widths – Selected States: 2016-2020 ................................................ 23
Corn for Grain Percentage Distribution by Measured Row Width and Average Row Width – Selected
States: 2016-2020 .................................................................................................................................................................. 24
Cotton Cumulative Boll Counts – Selected States: 2016-2020 ............................................................................................. 25
Soybean Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet – Selected States: 2016-2020 ....................................................................... 26
Soybean Frequency of Farmer Reported Row Widths – Selected States: 2016-2020 .......................................................... 27
Soybean Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab – United States: 2016-2020 ........................................ 28
Soybean Percentage Distribution by Measured Row Width and Average Row Width – Selected
States: 2016-2020 .................................................................................................................................................................. 29
Percent of Normal Precipitation Map .................................................................................................................................... 31
Departure from Normal Temperature Map ........................................................................................................................... 31
October Weather Summary ................................................................................................................................................... 32
October Agricultural Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 32
Crop Comments .................................................................................................................................................................... 34
Statistical Methodology......................................................................................................................................................... 37
Reliability of November 1 Crop Production Forecasts ......................................................................................................... 38
Information Contacts ............................................................................................................................................................. 39
4
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
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Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
5
Corn for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2019 and Forecasted
November 1, 2020
Area harvested
State
Yield per acre
2019
2020
2019
(bushels)
Production
2020
October 1
November 1
(bushels)
(bushels)
2019
2020
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 bushels)
(1,000 bushels)
Alabama .........................
Arkansas .........................
California ........................
Colorado .........................
Delaware ........................
Georgia ...........................
Idaho ...............................
Illinois ..............................
Indiana ............................
Iowa ................................
305
735
60
1,300
180
350
150
10,200
4,820
13,050
325
605
50
1,160
170
380
140
11,200
5,250
12,700
147.0
175.0
168.0
123.0
161.0
160.0
205.0
181.0
169.0
198.0
166.0
183.0
155.0
125.0
181.0
182.0
205.0
200.0
189.0
186.0
166.0
181.0
155.0
122.0
181.0
182.0
205.0
195.0
189.0
184.0
44,835
128,625
10,080
159,900
28,980
56,000
30,750
1,846,200
814,580
2,583,900
53,950
109,505
7,750
141,520
30,770
69,160
28,700
2,184,000
992,250
2,336,800
Kansas ............................
Kentucky .........................
Louisiana ........................
Maryland .........................
Michigan .........................
Minnesota .......................
Mississippi ......................
Missouri ..........................
Nebraska ........................
New York ........................
6,020
1,450
545
460
1,610
7,250
620
2,990
9,810
545
5,750
1,360
490
455
1,980
7,550
490
3,300
9,830
520
133.0
169.0
165.0
161.0
147.0
173.0
174.0
155.0
182.0
158.0
137.0
181.0
184.0
155.0
167.0
202.0
181.0
169.0
187.0
167.0
132.0
181.0
184.0
153.0
160.0
202.0
181.0
167.0
185.0
166.0
800,660
245,050
89,925
74,060
236,670
1,254,250
107,880
463,450
1,785,420
86,110
759,000
246,160
90,160
69,615
316,800
1,525,100
88,690
551,100
1,818,550
86,320
North Carolina .................
North Dakota ...................
Ohio ................................
Oklahoma .......................
Pennsylvania ..................
South Carolina ................
South Dakota ..................
Tennessee ......................
Texas ..............................
Virginia ............................
Washington .....................
Wisconsin .......................
930
3,130
2,570
330
1,060
350
3,870
910
2,150
380
90
2,670
940
1,790
3,300
320
1,000
370
4,560
820
1,870
410
105
2,900
111.0
131.0
164.0
137.0
153.0
106.0
144.0
177.0
133.0
144.0
237.0
166.0
117.0
160.0
173.0
135.0
157.0
136.0
165.0
169.0
139.0
136.0
240.0
186.0
117.0
145.0
168.0
138.0
152.0
136.0
165.0
165.0
139.0
131.0
240.0
184.0
103,230
410,030
421,480
45,210
162,180
37,100
557,280
161,070
285,950
54,720
21,330
443,220
109,980
259,550
554,400
44,160
152,000
50,320
752,400
135,300
259,930
53,710
25,200
533,600
Other States 1 .................
447
437
156.2
161.0
161.0
69,803
70,345
United States ..................
81,337
82,527
167.5
178.4
175.8
13,619,928
14,506,795
1
6
Other States include Arizona, Florida, Montana, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming. Individual State level
estimates will be published in the Crop Production 2020 Summary.
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Corn Production – United States
Billion bushels
16.0
15.0
14.0
13.0
12.0
11.0
10.0
9.0
8.0
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
Sorghum for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2019 and
Forecasted November 1, 2020
Area harvested
State
Yield per acre
Production
2020
2019
2020
2019
(bushels)
October 1
November 1
(bushels)
(bushels)
2019
2020
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 acres)
Colorado ..............................
Kansas ................................
Nebraska .............................
Oklahoma ............................
South Dakota .......................
Texas ..................................
310
2,400
130
260
175
1,400
300
2,760
135
255
100
1,450
41.0
85.0
93.0
51.0
80.0
61.0
40.0
86.0
89.0
42.0
86.0
62.0
35.0
86.0
92.0
38.0
80.0
64.0
12,710
204,000
12,090
13,260
14,000
85,400
10,500
237,360
12,420
9,690
8,000
92,800
United States .......................
4,675
5,000
73.0
74.1
74.2
341,460
370,770
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
(1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)
7
Rice Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2019 and Forecasted
November 1, 2020
Area harvested
State
Production 1
Yield per acre
2020
2019
2020
2019
(pounds)
October 1
November 1
(pounds)
(pounds)
2019
2020
(1,000 cwt)
(1,000 cwt)
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 acres)
Arkansas ................
California ...............
Louisiana ...............
Mississippi .............
Missouri .................
Texas .....................
1,126
496
414
113
173
150
1,441
510
474
170
215
181
7,480
8,450
6,380
7,350
7,370
7,350
7,500
8,800
6,800
7,400
7,900
6,400
7,500
8,800
6,800
7,400
7,800
6,400
84,257
41,933
26,408
8,302
12,747
11,028
108,075
44,880
32,232
12,580
16,770
11,584
United States .........
2,472
2,991
7,471
7,567
7,560
184,675
226,121
1
Includes sweet rice production.
Rice Production by Class – United States: 2019 and Forecasted November 1, 2020
Year
Long grain
(1,000 cwt)
2019 ........................
2020 2 ......................
1
2
Short grain 1
Medium grain
(1,000 cwt)
125,610
169,800
All
(1,000 cwt)
56,669
53,615
(1,000 cwt)
2,396
2,706
184,675
226,121
Sweet rice production included with short grain.
The 2020 rice production by class forecasts are based on class harvested acreage estimates and the 5-year average class yield compared to the all
rice yield.
Soybean Production – United States
Billion bushels
4.9
4.4
3.9
3.4
2.9
2.4
2010
8
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Soybeans for Beans Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2019 and
Forecasted November 1, 2020
Area harvested
State
Yield per acre
Production
2020
2019
2020
2019
(bushels)
October 1
November 1
(bushels)
(bushels)
2019
2020
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 acres)
Alabama ...........................
Arkansas ..........................
Delaware ..........................
Georgia ............................
Illinois ...............................
Indiana .............................
Iowa ..................................
Kansas .............................
Kentucky ...........................
Louisiana ..........................
260
2,610
153
86
9,860
5,360
9,120
4,490
1,690
860
275
2,780
148
93
10,250
5,680
9,320
4,750
1,840
1,020
36.0
49.0
47.0
29.0
54.0
51.0
55.0
41.5
46.0
48.0
41.0
49.0
47.0
39.0
60.0
60.0
56.0
44.0
55.0
55.0
38.0
50.0
47.0
43.0
58.0
58.0
54.0
42.0
55.0
57.0
9,360
127,890
7,191
2,494
532,440
273,360
501,600
186,335
77,740
41,280
10,450
139,000
6,956
3,999
594,500
329,440
503,280
199,500
101,200
58,140
Maryland ...........................
Michigan ...........................
Minnesota .........................
Mississippi ........................
Missouri ............................
Nebraska ..........................
New Jersey .......................
New York ..........................
North Carolina ..................
North Dakota ....................
475
1,720
6,770
1,630
5,010
4,840
92
225
1,520
5,400
485
2,190
7,330
2,060
5,780
5,150
93
300
1,570
5,700
44.0
40.5
44.0
50.0
46.0
58.5
37.0
48.0
35.0
31.5
48.0
48.0
52.0
53.0
50.0
60.0
39.0
50.0
38.0
34.0
47.0
48.0
51.0
54.0
49.0
58.0
39.0
50.0
39.0
33.0
20,900
69,660
297,880
81,500
230,460
283,140
3,404
10,800
53,200
170,100
22,795
105,120
373,830
111,240
283,220
298,700
3,627
15,000
61,230
188,100
Ohio ..................................
Oklahoma .........................
Pennsylvania ....................
South Carolina ..................
South Dakota ....................
Tennessee ........................
Texas ...............................
Virginia .............................
Wisconsin .........................
4,270
440
610
315
3,440
1,370
73
560
1,690
4,880
530
605
295
4,900
1,620
105
560
1,980
49.0
29.0
49.0
26.0
42.5
47.0
28.0
34.0
47.0
56.0
29.0
49.0
32.0
48.0
48.0
42.0
41.0
55.0
54.0
29.0
49.0
36.0
47.0
49.0
40.0
41.0
53.0
209,230
12,760
29,890
8,190
146,200
64,390
2,044
19,040
79,430
263,520
15,370
29,645
10,620
230,300
79,380
4,200
22,960
104,940
United States ....................
74,939
82,289
47.4
51.9
50.7
3,551,908
4,170,262
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
(1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)
9
Peanut Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2019 and Forecasted
November 1, 2020
Area harvested
State
Yield per acre
Production
2020
2019
2020
2019
(pounds)
October 1
November 1
(pounds)
(pounds)
2019
2020
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 acres)
Alabama ..........................
Arkansas ..........................
Florida ..............................
Georgia ............................
Mississippi .......................
New Mexico .....................
North Carolina ..................
Oklahoma ........................
South Carolina .................
Texas ...............................
Virginia .............................
156.0
33.0
155.0
660.0
19.0
4.7
102.0
14.0
62.0
160.0
24.0
182.0
39.0
165.0
800.0
22.0
6.2
105.0
15.0
82.0
180.0
27.0
3,350
5,200
3,800
4,170
4,000
3,210
4,400
4,000
3,800
3,050
4,650
3,900
4,900
4,000
4,500
4,500
3,100
4,300
3,600
3,800
2,700
4,200
4,000
4,900
3,700
4,500
4,500
3,100
4,100
3,600
3,800
2,700
4,200
(1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds)
522,600
171,600
589,000
2,752,200
76,000
15,087
448,800
56,000
235,600
488,000
111,600
728,000
191,100
610,500
3,600,000
99,000
19,220
430,500
54,000
311,600
486,000
113,400
United States ...................
1,389.7
1,623.2
3,934
4,125
4,093
5,466,487
6,643,320
Cottonseed Production – United States: 2019 and Forecasted November 1, 2020
Production
State
2020 1
2019
(1,000 tons)
(1,000 tons)
United States ...........................
1
5,945.0
5,230.0
Based on a 3-year average lint-seed ratio.
Cotton Production - United States
Million bales
22.0
20.0
18.0
16.0
14.0
12.0
10.0
2010
10
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Cotton Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type – States and United States: 2019 and
Forecasted November 1, 2020
Area harvested
Type and State
Production 1
Yield per acre
2020
2019
2020
2019
2019
2020
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 acres)
(pounds)
(1,000 bales) 2
(1,000 bales) 2
Upland
Alabama ..........................
Arizona ............................
Arkansas .........................
California .........................
Florida .............................
Georgia ...........................
Kansas ............................
Louisiana .........................
Mississippi .......................
Missouri ...........................
532.0
158.0
610.0
53.0
110.0
1,380.0
151.0
270.0
700.0
368.0
445.0
123.0
520.0
40.0
98.0
1,190.0
195.0
165.0
525.0
287.0
928
1,154
1,185
1,576
895
953
890
1,035
1,112
1,193
960
1,366
1,200
1,620
833
968
788
1,047
1,198
1,171
890
1,385
1,200
1,620
759
968
788
1,164
1,198
1,146
1,028.0
380.0
1,506.0
174.0
205.0
2,740.0
280.0
582.0
1,621.0
915.0
825.0
355.0
1,300.0
135.0
155.0
2,400.0
320.0
400.0
1,310.0
685.0
New Mexico .....................
North Carolina .................
Oklahoma ........................
South Carolina .................
Tennessee .......................
Texas ..............................
Virginia ............................
45.0
500.0
460.0
295.0
405.0
5,250.0
102.0
35.0
340.0
460.0
185.0
275.0
3,850.0
79.0
821
998
688
809
1,138
578
1,144
891
833
762
804
1,065
761
972
1,029
819
803
843
1,117
761
972
77.0
1,040.0
659.0
497.0
960.0
6,320.0
243.0
75.0
580.0
770.0
325.0
640.0
6,100.0
160.0
United States ...................
11,389.0
8,812.0
810
899
901
19,227.0
16,535.0
American Pima
Arizona ............................
California .........................
New Mexico .....................
Texas ..............................
7.5
201.0
5.0
10.0
6.5
146.0
10.8
30.0
800
1,545
864
816
1,108
1,463
1,111
960
1,108
1,529
889
912
12.5
647.0
9.0
17.0
15.0
465.0
20.0
57.0
United States ...................
223.5
193.3
1,472
1,353
1,383
685.5
557.0
All
Alabama ..........................
Arizona ............................
Arkansas .........................
California .........................
Florida .............................
Georgia ...........................
Kansas ............................
Louisiana .........................
Mississippi .......................
Missouri ...........................
532.0
165.5
610.0
254.0
110.0
1,380.0
151.0
270.0
700.0
368.0
445.0
129.5
520.0
186.0
98.0
1,190.0
195.0
165.0
525.0
287.0
928
1,138
1,185
1,551
895
953
890
1,035
1,112
1,193
960
1,353
1,200
1,497
833
968
788
1,047
1,198
1,171
890
1,371
1,200
1,548
759
968
788
1,164
1,198
1,146
1,028.0
392.5
1,506.0
821.0
205.0
2,740.0
280.0
582.0
1,621.0
915.0
825.0
370.0
1,300.0
600.0
155.0
2,400.0
320.0
400.0
1,310.0
685.0
New Mexico .....................
North Carolina .................
Oklahoma ........................
South Carolina .................
Tennessee .......................
Texas ..............................
Virginia ............................
50.0
500.0
460.0
295.0
405.0
5,260.0
102.0
45.8
340.0
460.0
185.0
275.0
3,880.0
79.0
826
998
688
809
1,138
578
1,144
943
833
762
804
1,065
762
972
996
819
803
843
1,117
762
972
86.0
1,040.0
659.0
497.0
960.0
6,337.0
243.0
95.0
580.0
770.0
325.0
640.0
6,157.0
160.0
United States ...................
11,612.5
9,005.3
823
909
911
19,912.5
17,092.0
1
2
October 1
November 1
(pounds)
(pounds)
Production ginned and to be ginned.
480-pound net weight bale.
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
11
Sugarbeet Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2019 and Forecasted
November 1, 2020
[Relates to year of intended harvest in all States except California]
Area harvested
State
Yield per acre
Production
2020
2019
2020
2019
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 acres)
(tons)
California ................
Colorado ...................
Idaho .........................
Michigan ...................
Minnesota .................
Montana ....................
Nebraska ..................
North Dakota .............
Oregon ......................
Washington ...............
Wyoming ...................
24.5
24.4
165.0
145.0
336.0
36.5
42.1
170.0
9.8
2.0
24.0
23.9
24.0
172.0
154.0
425.0
43.3
45.8
219.0
9.4
1.9
30.2
44.1
30.7
39.0
28.6
25.0
31.6
25.4
26.0
38.5
45.4
28.3
45.3
32.9
40.2
29.2
28.4
33.5
30.6
28.4
40.2
47.5
30.5
45.3
32.6
40.2
28.3
26.1
33.0
32.3
24.8
40.2
47.5
30.5
1,080
749
6,435
4,147
8,400
1,153
1,069
4,420
377
91
679
1,083
782
6,914
4,358
11,093
1,429
1,479
5,431
378
90
921
United States ............
979.3
1,148.5
29.2
31.2
29.6
28,600
33,958
1
1
October 1
November 1
(tons)
(tons)
2019
2020
(1,000 tons)
(1,000 tons)
Relates to year of planting for overwintered beets in southern California.
Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States:
2019 and Forecasted November 1, 2020
Yield per acre 1
Area harvested
State
Production 1
2020
2019
2020
2019
(tons)
October 1
November 1
(tons)
2020
(1,000 tons)
(1,000 tons)
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 acres)
Florida .......................
Louisiana ..................
Texas ........................
410.7
469.0
33.5
413.0
484.0
35.6
43.0
28.1
33.8
43.9
30.5
33.7
43.9
29.8
34.5
17,644
13,161
1,132
18,131
14,423
1,228
United States ............
913.2
932.6
35.0
36.6
36.2
31,937
33,782
1
(tons)
2019
Net tons.
12
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Potato Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2019 and 2020
[Includes updates to planted and harvested area previously published]
Area planted
State
Area harvested
2019
2020
(1,000 acres)
2020 1
2019
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 acres)
California .................................
Colorado ..................................
San Luis Valley 2 ....................
All other areas 2 .....................
Florida .....................................
Idaho .......................................
Maine ......................................
Michigan ..................................
Minnesota ................................
Nebraska .................................
40.5
51.3
48.6
2.7
26.0
310.0
52.0
50.0
46.0
20.5
34.0
54.0
(NA)
(NA)
22.0
300.0
51.0
48.0
42.0
19.0
40.1
51.0
48.4
2.6
25.3
308.0
51.5
48.5
43.0
20.2
33.4
53.8
(NA)
(NA)
21.8
300.0
50.5
47.0
41.5
18.7
North Dakota ...........................
Oregon ....................................
Texas ......................................
Washington .............................
Wisconsin ................................
73.0
43.0
15.0
165.0
71.0
72.0
45.0
11.0
155.0
70.0
58.0
42.9
14.8
164.0
70.0
70.5
45.0
10.5
154.0
69.0
United States ...........................
963.3
923.0
937.3
915.7
(NA) Not available.
1
Forecasted.
2
Estimates discontinued in 2020.
Potato Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2019 and Forecasted
November 1, 2020
Area harvested
State
2019
Yield per acre
2020
(1,000 acres)
2019
(1,000 acres)
Production
2020
(cwt)
(cwt)
2019
2020
(1,000 cwt)
(1,000 cwt)
California .................................
Colorado ..................................
San Luis Valley 1 ....................
All other areas 1 .....................
Florida .....................................
Idaho .......................................
Maine ......................................
Michigan ..................................
Minnesota ................................
Nebraska .................................
40.1
51.0
48.4
2.6
25.3
308.0
51.5
48.5
43.0
20.2
33.4
53.8
(NA)
(NA)
21.8
300.0
50.5
47.0
41.5
18.7
420
386
380
490
275
425
325
420
415
475
410
425
(NA)
(NA)
250
455
265
370
420
490
16,842
19,666
18,392
1,274
6,958
130,900
16,738
20,370
17,845
9,595
13,694
22,865
(NA)
(NA)
5,450
136,500
13,383
17,390
17,430
9,163
North Dakota ...........................
Oregon ....................................
Texas ......................................
Washington .............................
Wisconsin ................................
58.0
42.9
14.8
164.0
70.0
70.5
45.0
10.5
154.0
69.0
335
590
480
640
410
325
620
405
625
410
19,430
25,311
7,104
104,960
28,700
22,913
27,900
4,253
96,250
28,290
United States ...........................
937.3
915.7
453
454
424,419
415,481
(NA) Not available.
1
Estimates discontinued in 2020.
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
13
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States:
2019 and 2020
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2020 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop
Area planted
Area harvested
2019
2020
2019
2020
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 acres)
(1,000 acres)
Grains and hay
Barley .....................................................................................
Corn for grain 1 ........................................................................
Corn for silage ........................................................................
Hay, all ....................................................................................
Alfalfa ..................................................................................
All other ...............................................................................
Oats ........................................................................................
Proso millet .............................................................................
Rice ........................................................................................
Rye .........................................................................................
Sorghum for grain 1 .................................................................
Sorghum for silage ..................................................................
Wheat, all ................................................................................
Winter .................................................................................
Durum .................................................................................
Other spring ........................................................................
2,772
89,745
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
2,830
506
2,540
1,855
5,265
(NA)
45,485
31,474
1,341
12,670
2,621
90,978
Oilseeds
Canola ....................................................................................
Cottonseed .............................................................................
Flaxseed .................................................................................
Mustard seed ..........................................................................
Peanuts ..................................................................................
Rapeseed ...............................................................................
Safflower .................................................................................
Soybeans for beans ................................................................
Sunflower ................................................................................
2,133
82,527
44,349
30,415
1,684
12,250
2,221
81,337
6,615
52,425
16,743
35,682
828
465
2,472
310
4,675
339
37,394
24,592
1,177
11,625
2,040.0
(X)
374
98.0
1,432.7
11.3
165.8
76,100
1,350.6
1,852.0
(X)
355
98.0
1,665.2
12.5
145.0
83,105
1,698.5
1,909.5
(X)
319
90.0
1,389.7
10.4
152.7
74,939
1,253.5
1,812.0
(X)
328
93.0
1,623.2
11.8
137.5
82,289
1,622.5
Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all ...............................................................................
Upland ................................................................................
American Pima ....................................................................
Sugarbeets .............................................................................
Sugarcane ..............................................................................
Tobacco ..................................................................................
13,735.7
13,507.0
228.7
1,132.0
(NA)
(NA)
12,115.5
11,915.0
200.5
1,165.2
(NA)
(NA)
11,612.5
11,389.0
223.5
979.3
913.2
227.1
9,005.3
8,812.0
193.3
1,148.5
932.6
195.5
Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Chickpeas ...............................................................................
Dry edible beans .....................................................................
Dry edible peas .......................................................................
Lentils .....................................................................................
451.4
1,287.4
1,103.0
486.0
254.0
1,743.0
999.0
518.0
404.0
1,176.5
1,052.0
431.0
249.2
1,683.0
949.0
486.0
Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops .......................................................................................
Maple syrup ............................................................................
Mushrooms .............................................................................
Peppermint oil .........................................................................
Potatoes .................................................................................
Spearmint oil ...........................................................................
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
963.3
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
56.5
(NA)
(NA)
52.4
937.3
18.5
59.2
(NA)
(NA)
See footnote(s) at end of table.
14
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
2,984
511
3,037
1,955
5,790
923.0
52,381
16,352
36,029
1,004
2,991
330
5,000
36,746
23,024
1,662
12,060
915.7
--continued
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States:
2019 and 2020 (continued)
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2020 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop
Yield per acre
2019
Production
2020
Grains and hay
Barley ......................................................................... bushels
Corn for grain .............................................................. bushels
Corn for silage ..................................................................tons
Hay, all .............................................................................tons
Alfalfa ...........................................................................tons
All other ........................................................................tons
Oats ............................................................................ bushels
Proso millet ................................................................. bushels
Rice 2 ................................................................................. cwt
Rye ............................................................................. bushels
Sorghum for grain ....................................................... bushels
Sorghum for silage ............................................................tons
Wheat, all ................................................................... bushels
Winter ..................................................................... bushels
Durum ..................................................................... bushels
Other spring ............................................................ bushels
77.7
167.5
20.2
2.46
3.28
2.07
64.3
35.7
7,471
34.3
73.0
11.9
51.7
53.6
45.8
48.3
77.5
175.8
Oilseeds
Canola ......................................................................... pounds
Cottonseed .......................................................................tons
Flaxseed ..................................................................... bushels
Mustard seed ............................................................... pounds
Peanuts ....................................................................... pounds
Rapeseed .................................................................... pounds
Safflower ..................................................................... pounds
Soybeans for beans .................................................... bushels
Sunflower .................................................................... pounds
1,781
(X)
20.0
706
3,934
2,160
1,272
47.4
1,560
1,759
(X)
Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all 2 ..................................................................... bales
Upland 2 ...................................................................... bales
American Pima 2 ......................................................... bales
Sugarbeets .......................................................................tons
Sugarcane ........................................................................tons
Tobacco ....................................................................... pounds
2019
2020
(1,000)
(1,000)
172,499
13,619,928
133,522
128,864
54,875
73,989
53,258
16,608
184,675
10,622
341,460
4,019
1,932,017
1,316,963
53,959
561,095
165,324
14,506,795
3,186,670
5,230.0
50.7
1,730
3,400,865
5,945.0
6,395
63,580
5,466,487
22,464
194,295
3,551,908
1,956,035
823
810
1,472
29.2
35.0
2,060
911
901
1,383
29.6
36.2
1,983
19,912.5
19,227.0
685.5
28,600
31,937
467,956
17,092.0
16,535.0
557.0
33,958
33,782
387,585
Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Chickpeas 2 ....................................................................... cwt
Dry edible beans 2 ............................................................. cwt
Dry edible peas 2 ............................................................... cwt
Lentils 2 .............................................................................. cwt
1,544
1,769
2,124
1,250
1,561
2,079
1,953
1,338
6,237
20,811
22,346
5,388
3,889
34,984
18,534
6,504
Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops ............................................................................ pounds
Maple syrup ................................................................. gallons
Mushrooms .................................................................. pounds
Peppermint oil .............................................................. pounds
Potatoes ............................................................................ cwt
Spearmint oil ............................................................... pounds
1,981
(NA)
(NA)
104
453
130
1,982
(NA)
(NA)
112,041.2
4,180
831,724
5,452
424,419
2,413
117,229.0
4,372
816,367
2.44
3.22
2.08
65.1
7,560
34.9
74.2
49.7
50.9
41.4
48.6
4,093
454
127,678
52,625
75,053
65,355
226,121
11,532
370,770
1,825,820
1,171,022
68,808
585,990
6,643,320
4,170,262
2,807,115
415,481
(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Area planted for all purposes.
2
Yield in pounds.
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
15
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States:
2019 and 2020
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2020 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop
Area planted
Area harvested
2019
2020
2019
2020
(hectares)
(hectares)
(hectares)
(hectares)
Grains and hay
Barley ........................................................................
Corn for grain 1 ...........................................................
Corn for silage ...........................................................
Hay, all 2 ....................................................................
Alfalfa .....................................................................
All other ..................................................................
Oats ...........................................................................
Proso millet ................................................................
Rice ...........................................................................
Rye ............................................................................
Sorghum for grain 1 ....................................................
Sorghum for silage .....................................................
Wheat, all 2 ................................................................
Winter ....................................................................
Durum ....................................................................
Other spring ...........................................................
1,121,800
36,318,900
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
1,145,270
204,770
1,027,910
750,700
2,130,690
(NA)
18,407,320
12,737,210
542,690
5,127,420
1,060,690
36,817,890
Oilseeds
Canola .......................................................................
Cottonseed ................................................................
Flaxseed ....................................................................
Mustard seed .............................................................
Peanuts .....................................................................
Rapeseed ..................................................................
Safflower ....................................................................
Soybeans for beans ...................................................
Sunflower ...................................................................
863,200
33,397,850
17,947,600
12,308,650
681,500
4,957,450
898,820
32,916,270
2,677,020
21,215,870
6,775,720
14,440,150
335,080
188,180
1,000,390
125,450
1,891,930
137,190
15,132,980
9,952,140
476,320
4,704,520
825,570
(X)
151,350
39,660
579,800
4,570
67,100
30,796,910
546,570
749,490
(X)
143,660
39,660
673,890
5,060
58,680
33,631,760
687,370
772,760
(X)
129,100
36,420
562,400
4,210
61,800
30,327,060
507,280
733,300
(X)
132,740
37,640
656,890
4,780
55,640
33,301,540
656,610
Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all 2 ................................................................
Upland ...................................................................
American Pima .......................................................
Sugarbeets ................................................................
Sugarcane .................................................................
Tobacco .....................................................................
5,558,700
5,466,150
92,550
458,110
(NA)
(NA)
4,903,020
4,821,880
81,140
471,540
(NA)
(NA)
4,699,460
4,609,010
90,450
396,310
369,560
91,910
3,644,350
3,566,130
78,230
464,790
377,410
79,100
Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Chickpeas ..................................................................
Dry edible beans ........................................................
Dry edible peas ..........................................................
Lentils ........................................................................
182,680
521,000
446,370
196,680
102,790
705,370
404,290
209,630
163,490
476,120
425,730
174,420
100,850
681,090
384,050
196,680
Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops ..........................................................................
Maple syrup ...............................................................
Mushrooms ................................................................
Peppermint oil ............................................................
Potatoes ....................................................................
Spearmint oil ..............................................................
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
389,840
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
22,880
(NA)
(NA)
21,210
379,320
7,490
23,940
(NA)
(NA)
See footnote(s) at end of table.
16
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
1,207,590
206,800
1,229,040
791,170
2,343,160
373,530
21,198,070
6,617,490
14,580,580
406,310
1,210,430
133,550
2,023,450
14,870,740
9,317,580
672,590
4,880,560
370,570
--continued
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States:
2019 and 2020 (continued)
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2020 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop
Yield per hectare
Production
2019
2020
2019
2020
(metric tons)
(metric tons)
(metric tons)
(metric tons)
Grains and hay
Barley .....................................................................................
Corn for grain ..........................................................................
Corn for silage ........................................................................
Hay, all 2 .................................................................................
Alfalfa .................................................................................
All other ..............................................................................
Oats ........................................................................................
Proso millet .............................................................................
Rice ........................................................................................
Rye .........................................................................................
Sorghum for grain ...................................................................
Sorghum for silage ..................................................................
Wheat, all 2 .............................................................................
Winter .................................................................................
Durum .................................................................................
Other spring ........................................................................
4.18
10.51
45.25
5.51
7.35
4.65
2.31
2.00
8.37
2.15
4.58
26.58
3.47
3.60
3.08
3.25
4.17
11.03
Oilseeds
Canola ....................................................................................
Cottonseed .............................................................................
Flaxseed .................................................................................
Mustard seed ..........................................................................
Peanuts ..................................................................................
Rapeseed ...............................................................................
Safflower ................................................................................
Soybeans for beans ................................................................
Sunflower ...............................................................................
2.00
(X)
1.26
0.79
4.41
2.42
1.43
3.19
1.75
1.97
(X)
Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all 2 .............................................................................
Upland ................................................................................
American Pima ...................................................................
Sugarbeets .............................................................................
Sugarcane ..............................................................................
Tobacco ..................................................................................
3,755,720
345,962,110
121,129,120
116,903,450
49,781,760
67,121,690
773,040
376,660
8,376,720
269,810
8,673,480
3,645,980
52,580,890
35,841,860
1,468,520
15,270,500
3,599,510
368,489,570
1,445,450
4,744,580
3.41
1.94
1,542,610
5,393,210
162,440
28,840
2,479,560
10,190
88,130
96,667,090
887,240
113,495,930
1,273,290
0.92
0.91
1.65
65.47
78.40
2.31
1.02
1.01
1.55
66.28
81.20
2.22
4,335,440
4,186,190
149,250
25,945,480
28,972,760
212,260
3,721,340
3,600,070
121,270
30,806,180
30,646,510
175,810
Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Chickpeas ...............................................................................
Dry edible beans .....................................................................
Dry edible peas .......................................................................
Lentils .....................................................................................
1.73
1.98
2.38
1.40
1.75
2.33
2.19
1.50
282,910
943,970
1,013,600
244,400
176,400
1,586,850
840,690
295,020
Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops .......................................................................................
Maple syrup ............................................................................
Mushrooms .............................................................................
Peppermint oil .........................................................................
Potatoes .................................................................................
Spearmint oil ..........................................................................
2.22
(NA)
(NA)
0.12
50.75
0.15
2.22
(NA)
(NA)
50,820
20,900
377,260
2,470
19,251,320
1,090
53,170
21,860
370,300
5.46
7.21
4.67
2.33
8.47
2.19
4.65
3.34
3.42
2.78
3.27
4.59
50.86
115,827,530
47,740,600
68,086,940
948,630
10,256,680
292,930
9,417,990
49,690,680
31,870,000
1,872,650
15,948,030
3,013,360
18,845,900
(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Area planted for all purposes.
2
Total may not add due to rounding.
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
17
Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2020 and 2021
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2021 crop year,
except citrus which is for the 2020-2021 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop
Citrus 1
Grapefruit .............................................................................................. 1,000 tons
Lemons ................................................................................................. 1,000 tons
Oranges ................................................................................................ 1,000 tons
Tangerines and mandarins .................................................................... 1,000 tons
Noncitrus
Apples, commercial ......................................................................... million pounds
Apricots .......................................................................................................... tons
Avocados ....................................................................................................... tons
Blueberries, Cultivated ..................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Blueberries, Wild (Maine) ................................................................. 1,000 pounds
Cherries, Sweet ............................................................................................. tons
Cherries, Tart .................................................................................. million pounds
Coffee (Hawaii) ................................................................................ 1,000 pounds
Cranberries .................................................................................................. barrel
Dates ............................................................................................................. tons
Grapes ........................................................................................................... tons
Kiwifruit (California) ........................................................................................ tons
Nectarines (California) ................................................................................... tons
Olives (California) .......................................................................................... tons
Papayas (Hawaii) ............................................................................. 1,000 pounds
Peaches ......................................................................................................... tons
Pears ............................................................................................................. tons
Plums (California) .......................................................................................... tons
Prunes (California) ......................................................................................... tons
Raspberries, all ............................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Strawberries ........................................................................................... 1,000 cwt
Nuts and miscellaneous
Almonds, shelled (California) ........................................................... 1,000 pounds
Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ........................................................................... tons
Macadamias (Hawaii) ....................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Pecans, in-shell ................................................................................ 1,000 pounds
Pistachios (California) ...................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Walnuts, in-shell (California) .......................................................................... tons
1
Production
2020
2021
535
1,100
5,217
928
539
932
4,649
972
10,650.0
34,800
334,000
197.0
8,970,000
7,180,000
645,500
800,000
3,000,000
71,000
292,000
780,000
Production years are 2019-2020 and 2020-2021.
18
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units – United States: 2020 and 2021
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2021 crop year,
except citrus which is for the 2020-2021 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop
Citrus 1
Grapefruit .............................................................................................................
Lemons ................................................................................................................
Oranges ................................................................................................................
Tangerines and mandarins ...................................................................................
Noncitrus
Apples, commercial ..............................................................................................
Apricots ................................................................................................................
Avocados ..............................................................................................................
Blueberries, Cultivated ..........................................................................................
Blueberries, Wild (Maine) ......................................................................................
Cherries, Sweet ....................................................................................................
Cherries, Tart ........................................................................................................
Coffee (Hawaii) .....................................................................................................
Cranberries ...........................................................................................................
Dates ....................................................................................................................
Grapes .................................................................................................................
Kiwifruit (California) ...............................................................................................
Nectarines (California) ..........................................................................................
Olives (California) .................................................................................................
Papayas (Hawaii) .................................................................................................
Peaches ...............................................................................................................
Pears ....................................................................................................................
Plums (California) .................................................................................................
Prunes (California) ................................................................................................
Raspberries, all .....................................................................................................
Strawberries .........................................................................................................
Nuts and miscellaneous
Almonds, shelled (California) ................................................................................
Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) .................................................................................
Macadamias (Hawaii) ...........................................................................................
Pecans, in-shell ....................................................................................................
Pistachios (California) ...........................................................................................
Walnuts, in-shell (California) .................................................................................
1
Production
2020
2021
(metric tons)
(metric tons)
485,340
997,900
4,732,780
841,870
488,970
845,500
4,217,500
881,780
4,830,760
31,570
303,000
89,360
406,870
6,513,590
585,590
725,750
1,360,780
64,410
132,450
707,600
Production years are 2019-2020 and 2020-2021.
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
19
Corn for Grain Objective Yield Data
The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 10 corn-producing States during
2020. Randomly selected plots in corn for grain fields are visited monthly from September through harvest to obtain
specific counts and measurements. Data in these tables are rounded actual field counts from this survey.
Corn for Grain Plant Population per Acre – Selected States: 2016-2020
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
State
and month
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
(number)
(number)
(number)
(number)
(number)
Illinois
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................
31,100
31,100
31,100
31,100
30,800
30,900
30,950
30,950
32,000
32,000
32,000
32,000
31,100
30,950
30,900
30,900
30,600
30,400
30,400
Indiana
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................
30,200
29,950
29,800
29,800
29,550
29,350
29,200
29,200
30,450
30,400
30,400
30,400
29,300
29,050
29,000
28,950
Iowa
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................
31,250
31,050
31,050
31,050
31,300
31,150
31,150
31,150
31,350
31,150
31,100
31,100
Kansas
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................
22,550
22,550
22,550
22,550
22,050
22,100
22,300
22,300
Minnesota
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................
30,800
30,700
30,550
30,550
Missouri
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................
27,300
27,750
27,800
27,800
20
State
and month
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
(number)
(number)
(number)
(number)
(number)
Nebraska
All corn
September ...
October ........
November ....
Final .............
25,900
25,950
26,000
26,000
25,950
25,800
25,700
25,700
27,100
26,750
26,750
26,750
25,850
25,850
25,700
25,700
27,450
27,450
27,400
29,850
29,800
29,850
Irrigated
September ...
October ........
November ....
Final .............
28,200
28,200
28,300
28,300
29,050
29,000
28,750
28,750
30,300
29,900
29,900
29,900
28,300
28,350
28,300
28,300
29,950
30,100
30,100
30,850
30,800
30,750
30,750
31,050
31,000
31,050
Non-irrigated
September ...
October ........
November ....
Final .............
22,900
23,000
23,000
23,000
22,500
22,200
22,250
22,250
23,350
23,100
23,150
23,150
23,300
23,250
23,000
23,000
24,950
24,750
24,700
22,600
22,450
22,450
22,450
21,350
21,200
21,200
21,200
21,700
21,650
21,650
Ohio
September .....
October ..........
November ......
Final ...............
30,250
30,100
30,250
30,250
29,250
29,150
29,100
29,100
30,550
30,400
30,400
30,400
30,050
30,100
30,000
30,000
29,800
29,900
29,900
30,750
30,550
30,600
30,600
30,950
30,900
30,900
30,900
30,700
30,650
30,550
30,650
31,750
31,800
31,800
South Dakota
September .....
October ..........
November ......
Final ...............
26,200
26,100
26,000
26,000
26,250
26,200
26,200
26,200
27,000
26,750
27,000
27,000
26,400
26,100
26,000
25,900
25,450
25,400
25,550
27,850
27,850
27,950
27,950
28,500
28,400
28,400
28,400
28,200
27,500
27,600
27,600
28,200
28,150
28,200
Wisconsin
September .....
October ..........
November ......
Final ...............
30,100
29,900
29,800
29,800
29,450
29,100
29,150
29,100
31,000
30,600
30,650
30,650
30,250
30,150
29,750
29,850
30,300
30,400
30,300
10 State
September .....
October ..........
November ......
Final ...............
29,050
28,950
28,950
28,950
28,800
28,700
28,700
28,700
29,500
29,350
29,400
29,350
28,650
28,500
28,450
28,450
29,000
28,950
28,950
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Corn for Grain Number of Ears per Acre – Selected States: 2016-2020
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
State
and month
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
(number)
(number)
(number)
(number)
(number)
Illinois
September .......
October ...........
November ........
Final ................
30,350
30,450
30,450
30,450
30,200
30,300
30,250
30,250
31,550
31,500
31,500
31,500
30,300
30,300
30,150
30,150
29,900
29,800
29,800
Indiana
September .......
October ...........
November ........
Final ................
29,600
29,400
29,250
29,250
28,900
29,100
28,850
28,850
30,000
29,800
29,750
29,750
28,900
28,700
28,650
28,600
Iowa
September .......
October ...........
November ........
Final ................
30,550
30,400
30,500
30,500
30,600
30,600
30,600
30,600
31,150
30,900
30,800
30,800
Kansas
September .......
October ...........
November ........
Final ................
22,650
22,450
22,450
22,450
22,800
22,600
22,650
22,650
Minnesota
September .......
October ...........
November ........
Final ................
30,550
30,350
30,250
30,250
Missouri
September .......
October ...........
November ........
Final ................
26,900
27,150
27,150
27,150
State
and month
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
(number)
(number)
(number)
(number)
(number)
Nebraska
All corn
September ....
October .........
November .....
Final .............
25,700
25,350
25,400
25,400
25,800
26,050
25,950
25,950
27,100
26,750
26,800
26,800
25,850
25,950
25,700
25,700
26,800
26,850
26,750
29,600
29,600
29,600
Irrigated
September ....
October .........
November .....
Final .............
27,850
27,500
27,550
27,550
28,650
28,950
28,750
28,750
29,950
29,350
29,300
29,300
28,200
28,150
28,000
28,000
28,900
28,850
28,800
30,250
30,200
30,100
30,100
30,600
30,450
30,550
Non-irrigated
September ....
October .........
November .....
Final .............
22,850
22,550
22,550
22,550
22,600
22,800
22,900
22,900
23,850
23,650
23,850
23,850
23,500
23,700
23,400
23,400
24,650
24,800
24,700
22,350
21,650
21,700
21,700
21,550
22,250
22,200
22,200
22,050
21,250
21,250
Ohio
September ......
October ..........
November .......
Final ...............
29,750
29,200
29,600
29,600
29,500
29,250
29,150
29,150
30,750
30,300
30,300
30,300
29,850
29,750
29,550
29,550
29,350
29,700
29,700
30,750
30,850
30,850
30,600
30,850
30,850
30,800
30,800
30,050
29,800
29,650
29,700
31,750
31,850
31,850
South Dakota
September ......
October ..........
November .......
Final ...............
25,650
25,350
25,450
25,450
26,250
26,150
26,200
25,850
28,100
27,750
27,950
28,050
26,450
25,300
25,000
24,900
25,550
25,550
25,700
27,750
27,800
27,850
27,850
27,400
27,300
27,300
27,300
26,950
26,950
27,100
27,100
27,650
27,600
27,650
Wisconsin
September ......
October ..........
November .......
Final ...............
29,300
28,900
28,750
28,750
28,950
28,800
28,600
28,550
30,700
30,450
30,450
30,450
29,850
30,250
29,850
29,950
30,050
30,400
30,350
10-State
September ......
October ..........
November .......
Final ...............
28,550
28,350
28,400
28,400
28,550
28,550
28,500
28,450
29,350
29,100
29,100
29,100
28,200
28,200
28,050
28,050
28,650
28,600
28,600
Corn Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab – United States: 2016-2020
Year
October
Dent stage
1
....................................
....................................
....................................
....................................
....................................
Dent stage
(percent)
(percent)
Mature
(percent)
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
November
2
17
41
13
49
25
73
51
80
29
68
1
Mature 2
(percent)
(Z)
(Z)
(Z)
1
(Z)
96
96
96
94
96
(Z) Less than half of the unit shown.
1
Includes corn in the dent stage of development. Ears are firm and solid. Kernels fully dented with no milk present in most kernels.
2
Includes that portion of the crop that is mature and ready for harvest. No green foliage is present.
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
21
Corn for Grain Percentage Distribution by Plant Population Per Acre – Selected States: 2016-2020
Plant populations
State and year
Less than
20,000
20,00022,500
22,50125,000
(Percent)
(Percent)
(Percent)
25,00127,500
27,50130,000
More than
30,000
(Percent)
(Percent)
(Percent)
Illinois ....................................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
0.9
0.5
0.9
0.6
0.5
1.4
0.9
2.8
1.9
4.3
3.8
1.4
3.7
5.8
11.8
11.5
6.6
9.3
13.5
18.0
20.6
15.6
18.7
16.0
64.5
62.2
75.5
64.6
62.2
Indiana ..................................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
1.7
5.7
1.5
5.6
1.3
1.7
4.9
0.8
5.6
3.8
8.3
6.5
2.3
5.6
5.1
11.6
13.0
10.7
11.1
12.8
19.8
21.1
27.5
24.1
19.2
56.9
48.8
57.2
48.0
57.8
Iowa ......................................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
0.4
1.3
0.4
0.8
-
1.8
3.4
1.7
0.8
-
2.2
2.1
3.3
3.8
4.3
8.9
5.9
6.3
9.0
9.4
22.7
13.5
19.2
21.1
21.7
64.0
73.8
69.1
64.5
64.6
Kansas ..................................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
27.9
24.3
33.0
39.9
30.1
14.8
21.2
12.4
8.0
14.5
19.4
17.2
12.4
12.0
12.7
12.0
21.2
14.4
14.7
13.6
17.6
12.1
7.2
14.7
16.4
8.3
4.0
20.6
10.7
12.7
Minnesota ................................................ 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
0.8
2.8
1.4
-
3.0
4.7
1.7
4.2
0.8
4.5
5.6
8.7
8.3
2.3
11.4
7.5
6.1
2.8
3.8
21.2
12.1
13.9
25.0
19.5
59.1
67.3
69.6
58.3
73.6
Missouri ................................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
3.0
1.9
2.2
2.8
2.8
6.0
1.0
6.5
8.3
0.9
14.0
15.5
8.6
16.7
11.0
28.0
26.2
20.4
22.2
22.0
23.0
26.2
28.0
16.7
33.0
26.0
29.2
34.3
33.3
30.3
Nebraska ................................................. 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
9.6
16.8
12.0
15.1
10.8
10.1
6.3
4.9
12.3
8.8
16.3
12.6
7.1
12.3
8.8
20.2
19.4
16.4
17.9
8.8
19.7
17.8
25.1
19.8
23.0
24.1
27.1
34.5
22.6
39.8
Ohio ......................................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
1.9
2.7
1.0
-
2.9
4.4
3.9
4.3
-
1.0
7.1
3.9
4.3
14.4
9.6
15.0
7.8
12.8
13.6
26.9
25.7
23.5
19.1
25.4
57.7
45.1
59.9
59.5
46.6
South Dakota ........................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
13.2
8.1
7.4
9.3
13.7
5.3
13.5
12.6
7.0
9.6
17.1
16.2
11.6
23.3
21.9
26.3
16.2
18.9
23.3
21.9
18.4
25.7
21.1
30.1
13.7
19.7
20.3
28.4
7.0
19.2
Wisconsin ................................................ 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2.4
4.0
2.0
1.4
4.9
2.7
2.0
1.4
3.7
6.7
9.4
8.1
11.0
20.0
7.9
15.6
6.8
18.3
21.3
19.8
25.0
23.0
59.7
45.3
68.3
50.0
59.3
- Represents zero.
22
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Corn for Grain Frequency of Farmer Reported Row Widths – Selected States: 2016-2020
Row width (inches)
State and year
Less than
30
30
(number)
36
(number)
More than
38
38
(number)
(number)
(number)
Illinois ................................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
6
6
9
2
8
218
210
211
110
148
4
1
2
1
1
-
-
Indiana ................................................. 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
8
7
9
4
2
118
117
126
53
79
1
1
1
1
1
1
-
1
-
Iowa ...................................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
12
2
12
3
9
213
236
234
136
140
4
3
2
5
4
3
1
1
3
-
Kansas ................................................. 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
8
2
10
9
2
105
106
91
70
110
2
-
-
-
Minnesota ............................................. 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
27
27
21
15
25
113
89
97
63
109
2
2
3
3
-
2
1
1
-
Missouri ................................................ 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
5
3
5
5
7
96
101
90
30
99
1
5
1
1
-
2
2
2
2
5
1
-
Nebraska .............................................. 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2
6
3
2
162
169
160
98
138
23
23
25
15
15
2
-
-
Ohio ...................................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
4
2
3
2
5
105
109
100
45
113
1
1
-
1
1
-
-
South Dakota ........................................ 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
5
6
8
5
11
71
75
92
45
62
4
1
2
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
-
Wisconsin ............................................. 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2
4
4
1
3
84
83
108
39
78
2
5
4
1
2
1
2
2
-
- Represents zero.
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
23
Corn for Grain Percentage Distribution by Measured Row Width and Average Row Width – Selected
States: 2016-2020
Row width (inches)
State and year
Samples
20.5
or less
20.630.5
30.634.5
34.636.5
36.638.5
38.6 or
greater
Average
row
width
(number)
(percent)
(percent)
(inches)
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
Illinois .................................................. 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
211
209
212
107
156
2.4
1.4
1.9
2.6
87.6
85.1
87.7
83.2
85.2
9.5
12.0
10.4
15.9
10.9
0.5
0.9
-
0.5
1.3
0.5
0.5
-
29.8
30.1
29.9
30.2
29.8
Indiana ................................................ 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
121
123
131
54
78
3.3
2.4
6.1
1.9
1.3
72.7
78.9
71.7
77.7
80.7
22.3
17.9
19.8
18.5
16.7
1.7
0.8
0.8
-
0.8
1.9
1.3
0.8
-
29.8
29.8
29.8
30.2
30.2
Iowa .................................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
225
237
239
133
138
2.2
0.8
3.8
1.5
2.9
76.9
76.4
77.4
78.1
79.7
19.1
19.0
17.2
18.8
11.6
0.9
0.4
0.8
0.8
2.9
0.9
3.0
0.8
0.8
2.9
0.4
-
30.0
30.4
29.9
30.0
30.1
Kansas ................................................ 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
108
99
97
75
110
4.6
2.0
3.1
4.0
1.8
85.2
75.8
76.3
81.3
78.2
10.2
21.2
20.6
14.7
20.0
-
-
1.0
-
29.6
30.1
29.7
29.9
29.7
Minnesota ........................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
132
107
115
72
133
2.3
4.7
1.7
5.6
-
78.0
81.4
82.6
72.1
84.9
17.4
8.4
11.3
18.1
14.3
0.8
0.9
2.6
4.2
-
1.5
3.7
0.9
-
0.9
0.9
0.8
28.8
28.9
29.3
29.0
28.9
Missouri .............................................. 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
100
103
93
36
109
1.0
1.9
1.1
2.8
5.5
76.0
66.1
76.2
74.9
80.7
20.0
25.2
18.3
13.9
11.0
1.0
3.9
2.2
2.8
-
2.0
1.0
1.1
5.6
2.8
1.9
1.1
-
30.0
30.4
30.1
30.2
29.6
Nebraska ............................................ 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
178
191
183
106
148
1.6
1.9
-
65.2
70.7
65.6
71.7
67.6
20.2
15.7
15.3
14.2
23.0
9.0
9.4
12.6
11.3
7.4
4.5
4.2
4.9
0.9
2.0
1.1
-
31.2
31.0
31.2
30.8
30.8
Ohio .................................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
104
113
102
47
118
4.8
0.9
2.9
4.3
1.7
81.7
83.2
79.5
87.2
88.1
10.6
15.0
17.6
6.4
10.2
1.9
0.9
2.1
-
1.0
-
-
29.8
30.0
29.9
29.8
29.9
South Dakota ...................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
76
74
95
43
73
2.6
8.1
5.3
4.7
5.5
64.6
62.1
69.4
67.4
72.6
26.3
28.4
20.0
25.6
15.1
3.9
2.1
2.7
1.3
1.4
2.1
2.3
1.4
1.3
1.1
2.7
30.4
29.6
30.0
30.0
29.8
Wisconsin ........................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
82
75
101
32
74
1.2
1.3
0.0
3.1
-
72.0
61.5
75.2
84.4
75.6
22.0
29.3
21.8
12.5
18.9
1.2
5.3
2.7
1.2
1.3
3.0
1.4
2.4
1.3
1.4
30.5
30.6
30.2
29.6
30.4
- Represents zero.
24
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Cotton Objective Yield Data
The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield surveys in four cotton-producing States during
2020. Randomly selected plots in cotton fields are visited monthly from September through harvest to obtain specific
counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey.
Cotton Cumulative Boll Counts – Selected States: 2016-2020
[Includes small bolls (less than one inch in diameter), large unopened bolls (at least one inch in diameter), open bolls, partially opened bolls, and burrs
per 40 feet of row. November, December, and Final exclude small bolls. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
State and month
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
(number)
(number)
(number)
(number)
(number)
Arkansas
September .......................................
October ...........................................
November ........................................
December ........................................
Final ................................................
800
769
779
779
779
911
839
825
825
825
891
910
892
892
892
900
896
925
900
900
994
849
820
Georgia
September .......................................
October ...........................................
November ........................................
December ........................................
Final ................................................
562
668
719
725
725
593
608
680
684
684
605
737
712
719
713
598
783
790
799
803
606
747
761
Louisiana 1
September .......................................
October ...........................................
November ........................................
December ........................................
Final ................................................
654
760
784
784
784
648
667
665
665
665
759
734
739
739
739
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
Mississippi
September .......................................
October ...........................................
November ........................................
December ........................................
Final ................................................
953
942
974
974
974
904
810
804
797
797
871
895
846
846
846
944
895
904
901
901
900
867
877
North Carolina 1
September .......................................
October ...........................................
November ........................................
December ........................................
Final ................................................
558
599
660
660
660
637
705
769
769
769
601
641
714
719
719
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
Texas
September .......................................
October ...........................................
November ........................................
December ........................................
Final ................................................
467
474
528
547
546
592
602
603
615
614
570
576
553
583
582
458
438
456
459
461
576
581
595
4-State 2
September .......................................
October ...........................................
November ........................................
December ........................................
Final ................................................
532
604
604
618
618
633
635
649
656
656
627
661
640
659
657
551
562
579
580
593
645
661
671
(NA) Not available.
1
Objective yield survey discontinued in 2019.
2
6-State total prior to 2019.
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
25
Soybean Objective Yield Data
The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 11 soybean-producing States during
2020. Randomly selected plots in soybean fields are visited monthly from September through harvest to obtain specific
counts and measurements. Data in these tables are actual field counts from this survey.
Soybean Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet – Selected States: 2016-2020
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
State
and month
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
(number)
(number)
(number)
(number)
(number)
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
(number)
(number)
(number)
(number)
(number)
1,630
1,527
1,459
Missouri
September .....
October ..........
November ......
Final ...............
1,881
2,006
2,123
2,164
2,041
2,172
2,253
2,239
1,777
1,899
1,948
1,961
1,719
1,754
1,898
1,921
1,977
2,093
2,036
1,696
1,683
1,601
1,603
2,019
2,127
2,170
Nebraska
September .....
October ..........
November ......
Final ...............
1,947
2,036
2,074
2,074
1,653
1,795
1,853
1,853
1,736
2,071
2,174
2,174
1,669
1,777
1,722
1,722
1,943
2,002
1,980
1,880
2,001
2,054
2,052
1,496
1,501
1,569
1,561
2,056
1,994
1,963
North Dakota
September .....
October ..........
November ......
Final ...............
1,395
1,444
1,442
1,470
1,406
1,430
1,465
1,451
1,418
1,485
1,515
1,514
1,147
1,246
1,253
1,195
1,242
1,439
1,442
1,644
1,670
1,717
1,735
1,823
1,984
2,082
2,097
1,601
1,642
1,660
1,682
1,675
1,933
1,927
Ohio
September .....
October ..........
November ......
Final ...............
1,773
1,715
1,782
1,782
1,765
1,714
1,828
1,823
2,019
2,180
2,210
2,210
1,563
1,760
1,587
1,587
1,811
1,972
1,983
1,467
1,643
1,720
1,737
1,487
1,472
1,561
1,561
1,552
1,456
1,548
1,558
1,561
1,604
1,596
1,583
1,650
1,699
1,629
South Dakota
September .....
October ..........
November ......
Final ...............
1,561
1,639
1,709
1,665
1,511
1,472
1,457
1,457
1,649
1,867
1,822
1,724
1,504
1,316
1,331
1,353
1,688
1,720
1,696
1,614
1,625
1,658
1,658
1,359
1,407
1,480
1,480
1,605
1,616
1,569
1,569
1,465
1,474
1,458
1,458
1,607
1,782
1,751
11-State
September .....
October ..........
November ......
Final ...............
1,741
1,800
1,862
1,870
1,678
1,692
1,751
1,752
1,786
1,895
1,938
1,938
1,561
1,593
1,582
1,586
1,780
1,882
1,866
Arkansas
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................
1,884
1,805
1,820
1,826
1,992
1,898
2,039
2,075
1,841
1,795
1,943
1,973
1,759
1,731
1,717
1,828
Illinois
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................
1,969
2,109
2,193
2,197
1,917
1,886
1,947
1,947
2,132
2,225
2,249
2,264
Indiana
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................
1,683
1,775
1,873
1,873
1,795
1,772
1,774
1,774
Iowa
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................
1,808
1,801
1,861
1,890
Kansas
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................
Minnesota
September ......
October ...........
November .......
Final ................
26
State
and month
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Soybean Frequency of Farmer Reported Row Widths – Selected States: 2016-2020
Row width (inches)
State and year
Less than
7.5 1
7.5
(number)
15
(number)
More than
30
30
(number)
(number)
(number)
Arkansas ............................................. 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
5
9
9
5
31
25
36
14
14
46
42
47
13
14
36
39
36
21
36
73
79
83
25
49
Illinois .................................................. 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
1
2
3
2
-
15
10
11
5
11
105
109
118
82
91
57
59
58
33
44
1
2
1
-
Indiana ................................................ 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
1
3
1
1
27
28
19
5
11
91
101
110
57
87
17
12
14
9
8
2
1
-
Iowa ..................................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
1
1
1
1
1
6
3
11
9
8
73
80
77
51
63
100
94
88
66
85
2
1
3
3
Kansas ................................................ 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
6
10
2
1
8
14
17
10
9
38
32
35
23
19
57
43
54
16
27
2
1
-
Minnesota ............................................ 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
5
1
3
3
3
8
9
8
5
5
40
38
34
26
35
36
42
45
28
51
1
2
1
1
Missouri ............................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
1
1
1
-
14
10
15
5
13
71
70
65
38
63
19
21
31
10
20
5
4
4
1
11
Nebraska ............................................. 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
1
3
-
10
4
7
6
8
36
38
35
37
39
46
51
49
49
58
3
8
8
5
1
See footnote(s) at end of table.
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
--continued
27
Soybean Frequency of Farmer Reported Row Widths – Selected States: 2016-2020 (continued)
Row width (inches)
State and year
Less than
7.5 1
7.5
(number)
15
(number)
More than
30
30
(number)
(number)
(number)
North Dakota ........................................ 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
8
5
4
3
7
17
16
31
11
27
55
56
49
28
48
15
7
12
6
11
1
-
Ohio ..................................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
3
2
4
2
3
41
38
31
11
30
84
83
98
42
82
7
8
1
1
5
-
South Dakota ....................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
3
1
2
4
-
4
4
4
-
27
27
27
18
43
59
63
61
30
44
2
1
1
-
- Represents zero.
Includes broadcast soybeans.
1
Soybean Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab – United States: 2016-2020
Year
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
1
October
November
Mature 1
Mature 1
(percent)
(percent)
....................................
....................................
....................................
....................................
....................................
53
49
57
25
64
93
93
93
91
94
Includes soybeans with brown pods and are considered mature or almost mature.
28
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Soybean Percentage Distribution by Measured Row Width and Average Row Width – Selected
States: 2016-2020
Row width (inches)
State and year
Samples
10.0 or
less 1
10.118.5
18.628.5
(number)
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
28.634.5
34.6 or
greater
Average
row
width 1
(percent)
(percent)
(inches)
Arkansas ............................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
189
197
208
73
121
14.6
16.3
18.3
19.2
12.8
24.1
24.2
18.3
15.1
11.2
4.0
2.3
6.7
5.5
3.3
21.2
19.8
14.7
23.3
25.6
36.1
37.4
42.0
36.9
47.1
26.0
26.4
26.5
26.6
29.9
Illinois .................................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
177
181
185
119
147
7.9
6.1
5.7
4.6
7.2
56.5
50.6
57.6
58.0
49.4
5.6
5.0
5.9
10.9
10.6
29.4
37.7
30.8
26.5
32.1
0.6
0.6
0.7
19.6
20.8
19.9
19.4
20.3
Indiana .................................................. 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
137
141
150
74
108
14.7
14.6
10.1
4.1
8.3
62.3
68.3
74.8
74.7
77.3
8.4
9.3
5.7
11.6
6.5
13.9
7.8
9.4
9.6
7.9
0.7
-
17.0
15.8
16.2
17.3
16.2
Iowa ....................................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
179
180
177
124
162
2.2
1.1
4.8
4.9
3.4
34.4
34.4
36.5
36.0
32.4
11.2
12.8
10.1
9.7
10.8
50.5
50.6
45.8
48.6
52.2
1.7
1.1
2.8
0.8
1.2
23.7
23.7
22.8
23.1
23.8
Kansas .................................................. 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
109
105
106
49
57
5.5
9.0
8.1
9.2
5.3
34.6
38.1
39.3
47.0
50.9
4.6
5.7
6.6
7.1
2.6
54.4
47.2
45.1
36.7
37.7
0.9
0.9
3.5
23.5
21.8
22.0
20.4
21.1
Minnesota .............................................. 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
84
88
85
59
93
11.3
7.4
10.0
11.9
7.5
28.0
23.3
28.8
18.6
19.9
23.8
18.8
14.7
26.3
15.6
36.9
50.5
46.5
41.5
54.8
1.7
2.2
21.6
23.5
22.6
23.0
24.5
Missouri ................................................. 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
104
106
113
51
110
3.8
9.4
12.8
7.8
13.6
70.7
63.7
52.7
68.7
50.5
2.4
5.7
8.0
7.8
10.0
16.8
19.3
23.0
15.7
19.5
6.3
1.9
3.5
6.4
18.9
18.3
19.2
17.8
19.3
Nebraska ............................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
94
100
101
98
107
7.4
4.0
5.9
4.6
5.2
35.6
31.0
27.2
32.1
32.4
5.9
10.5
10.9
11.2
10.8
46.8
47.0
48.1
47.0
50.7
4.3
7.5
7.9
5.1
0.9
22.8
24.2
24.3
23.9
22.9
See footnote(s) at end of table.
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
--continued
29
Soybean Percentage Distribution by Measured Row Width and Average Row Width – Selected States:
2016-2020 (continued)
Row width (inches)
State and year
Samples
10.0 or
less 1
10.118.5
18.628.5
28.634.5
34.6 or
greater
Average
row
width 1
(number)
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
(percent)
(inches)
North Dakota ......................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
95
84
96
48
92
20.1
17.3
21.9
17.7
21.7
42.9
55.3
45.3
49.0
48.9
20.1
17.9
22.9
22.9
17.4
16.9
8.3
7.3
10.4
12.0
1.2
2.6
-
17.7
16.2
16.4
17.1
16.1
Ohio ...................................................... 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
137
134
134
57
121
32.1
25.4
20.9
22.8
25.6
60.3
66.4
76.5
77.2
67.0
1.8
2.6
2.6
3.3
5.8
5.6
4.1
-
13.7
14.1
13.7
13.6
14.1
South Dakota ........................................ 2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
96
93
94
43
88
1.6
2.7
4.3
2.3
-
23.0
17.8
15.4
10.5
24.6
17.3
16.2
17.6
27.9
27.4
53.4
61.7
62.2
59.3
46.3
4.7
1.6
0.5
1.7
25.1
25.9
25.7
26.6
24.2
- Represents zero.
Broadcast soybeans included as "10.0 inches or less" but excluded in computation of average width.
1
30
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
31
October Weather Summary
Two more hurricanes—Delta and Zeta—made a United States landfall in October, boosting the season-to-date total to six.
Only 1887, with seven hurricanes striking the mainland of the United States, had more. Both hurricanes struck Louisiana,
with Delta moving ashore near Creole on October 9 mere miles from (and in the same parish as) where Hurricane Laura
had crossed the coast just over 6 weeks earlier. Zeta pushed inland farther east, near Cocodrie, on October 28. Sustained
winds at landfall associated with Delta were slightly lower (100 mph, versus 110 mph for Zeta), but Zeta was a fastermoving storm and overall delivered less rainfall. Still, the late-summer and autumn barrage of tropical activity, including
Tropical Storm Beta and Hurricanes Laura, Sally, Delta, and Zeta, adversely affected a variety of Southeastern summer
crops, including some cotton and peanuts.
Farther north, a period of favorable weather abruptly ended in mid-October, as a mild, dry pattern across the Plains and
Midwest suddenly yielded to cold, stormy conditions. During the 4 weeks ending October 18, more than one-half
(52 percent) of the Nation’s corn and 69 percent of the soybeans were harvested. Thereafter, Midwestern fieldwork
markedly slowed amid record-setting low temperatures, snow, and rain. Parts of the northern Plains and upper Midwest
received record-setting October snowfall.
The same stormy weather that impeded late-month harvest efforts benefited winter wheat. According to the United States
Drought Monitor, 46 percent of the Nation’s winter wheat production area was experiencing drought on October 27, up
from 9 percent at the same time a year ago. Late-month rain, freezing rain, sleet, and snow provided much-needed
moisture for wheat emergence and development, especially on the High Plains, although cold weather accompanying the
precipitation temporarily limited crop growth. By November 1, nearly one-fifth (19 percent) of the Nation’s winter wheat
crop was rated in very poor to poor condition, led by Colorado and Texas at 28 percent.
Beneficial, late-month precipitation fell as far west as the Rockies, but the Far West remained mostly dry. With more than
three-quarters of the West experiencing drought, according to the United States Drought Monitor, rangeland and pastures
continued to suffer. On October 25, Western rangeland and pastures rated very poor to poor ranged from 36 percent in
Idaho to 86 percent in Oregon. Nationally, 43 percent of the rangeland and pastures were rated very poor to poor on that
date, just below this year’s late-summer peak of 46 percent but otherwise the highest percentage at any time of year since
2012.
Western wildfires remained periodically active in October. For example, the East Troublesome Fire—which was sparked
on October 14 near Lake Granby, Colorado—exponentially grew on October 21-22 to become the second-largest wildfire
in modern state history. Each of Colorado’s three-largest wildfires—the Cameron Peak Fire (nearly 209,000 acres), the
East Troublesome Fire (almost 194,000 acres), and the Pine Gulch Fire (139,007 acres)—have occurred this year.
Meanwhile in California, five of the six largest wildfires on record have burned in 2020, led by the 1.03 million-acre
August Complex. Nationally, January-October wildfires consumed about 8.6 million acres of vegetation, well above the
10-year average of 6.7 million acres.
October Agricultural Summary
Most of the Nation’s midsection was cooler than average during the month of October. Parts of the Great Lakes,
Northern Plains, and Northern Rockies recorded temperatures 6°F or more below normal for the month. In contrast, most
of the western United States experienced above normal temperatures for the month. Parts of California, the
Pacific Northwest, and Southwest recorded temperatures 6°F or more above normal. In the Eastern third of the Nation,
generally warmer than normal temperatures were recorded. Parts of the Mid-Atlantic and Southeast recorded temperatures
4°F or more above normal. With the exception of parts of the Pacific Northwest and the Northern Rockies, the western
half of the Nation remained drier than normal for the month of October. In the eastern half of the Nation, Hurricanes Delta
and Zeta, both making landfall in coastal Louisiana, helped to bring higher than normal amounts of precipitation to the
Mid-Atlantic, the Mississippi Valley, and the Southeast. Parts of these regions received 7 inches or more of rain for the
month.
Eighty-seven percent of the Nation’s corn acreage was mature by October 4, thirty-three percentage points ahead of last
year and 9 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Corn mature advanced 10 percentage points or more in 12 of the
32
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
18 estimating States. By October 4, twenty-five percent of the 2020 acreage had been harvested, 11 percentage points
ahead of last year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average harvest pace. Ninety-seven percent of the Nation’s
corn acreage was mature by October 18, fifteen percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the
5-year average. Sixty percent of the 2020 acreage had been harvested by October 18, thirty-two percentage points ahead
of last year and 17 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average harvest pace. Harvest progress advanced 10 percentage
points or more in 12 of the 18 estimating States. As of October 18, sixty-one percent of the Nation’s corn acreage was
rated in good to excellent condition, 5 percentage points above the same time last year. Eighty-two percent of the 2020
acreage had been harvested by November 1, thirty-three percentage points ahead of last year and 13 percentage points
ahead of the 5-year average harvest pace.
Soybean dropping leaves advanced to 85 percent complete Nationally by October 4, eighteen percentage points ahead of
last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Soybean harvest across the Nation was 38 percent complete
by October 4, twenty-six percentage points ahead of last year and 10 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On
October 11, sixty-three percent of the Nation’s soybean acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 9 percentage
points above the same time last year. Leaves dropping advanced to 97 percent complete Nationally by October 18,
six percentage points ahead of last year and 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Leaves dropping was
complete or nearing completion in 15 of the 18 estimating States. Soybean harvest across the Nation was 75 percent
complete by October 18, thirty-five percentage points ahead of last year and 17 percentage points ahead of the 5-year
average. Harvest progress advanced 10 percentage points or more in 11 of the 18 estimating States. Soybean harvest
across the Nation was 87 percent complete by November 1, sixteen percentage points ahead of last year and 4 percentage
points ahead of the 5-year average. Harvest progress was complete or nearing completion in 8 of the 18 estimating States.
Nationwide, producers had sown 52 percent of the intended 2021 winter wheat acreage by October 4, four percentage
points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationwide, 24 percent of the winter wheat
acreage had emerged by October 4, two percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year
average. Nationwide, producers had sown 77 percent of the intended 2021 winter wheat acreage by October 18,
three percentage points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Planting progress advanced
by 10 percentage points or more in 10 of the 18 estimating States. Nationwide, 51 percent of the winter wheat acreage had
emerged by October 18, one percentage point ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
Winter wheat emergence advanced by 10 percentage points or more in 13 of the 18 estimating States. Nationwide,
producers had sown 89 percent of the intended 2021 winter wheat acreage by November 1, one percentage point ahead of
last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Planting progress was complete or nearing completion in
11 of the 18 estimating States. Nationwide, 71 percent of the winter wheat acreage had emerged by November 1,
two percentage points ahead of last year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. Winter wheat emergence
advanced by 10 percentage points or more in 10 of the 18 estimating States. As of November 1, forty-three percent of the
2021 winter wheat acreage was reported in good to excellent condition, 14 percentage points below the same time last
year.
By October 4, eighty-three percent of the Nation’s cotton had open bolls, 2 percentage points ahead of last year and
8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By October 4, seventeen percent of the Nation’s cotton acreage had been
harvested, 5 percentage points behind last year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By October 18,
ninety-three percent of the Nation’s cotton had open bolls, 2 percentage points ahead of last year and 4 percentage points
ahead of the 5-year average. By October 18, thirty-four percent of the Nation’s cotton acreage had been harvested,
4 percentage points behind last year but equal to the 5-year average. Cotton harvest advanced 10 percentage points or
more in Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee. By November 1, fifty-two percent of the Nation’s cotton
acreage had been harvested, 1 percentage point ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
Cotton harvest advanced 10 percentage points or more in 6 of the 15 estimating States. As of November 1,
thirty-seven percent of the 2020 cotton acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 3 percentage points below the
same time last year.
By October 4, seventy-seven percent of the Nation’s sorghum acreage was mature, 15 percentage points ahead of last year
and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Thirty-eight percent of the 2020 sorghum acreage had been harvested
by October 4, six percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. Fifty percent of the Nation’s
sorghum acreage was rated in good to excellent condition on October 11, fifteen percentage points below the same time
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
33
last year. By October 18, ninety-five percent of the Nation’s sorghum acreage was mature, 6 percentage points ahead of
last year and 7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Sixty-three percent of the 2020 sorghum acreage had been
harvested by October 18, seventeen percentage points ahead of last year and 12 percentage points ahead of the 5-year
average. Ninety-two percent of Texas’ sorghum acreage had been harvested by October 18, equal to last year but
12 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Eighty-two percent of the 2020 sorghum acreage had been harvested by
November 1, eight percentage points ahead of last year and 11 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Sorghum
harvest advanced 10 percentage points or more in Colorado, Kansas, and Nebraska.
Nationally, 71 percent of the rice acreage had been harvested by October 4, three percentage points behind last year and
7 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Nationally, 91 percent of the rice acreage had been harvested by
October 18, equal to last year but 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Ninety-six percent of the 2020 rice
acreage had been harvested by November 1.
Seventeen percent of the Nation’s peanut acreage had been harvested as of October 4, twenty percentage points behind
last year and 13 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Forty-one percent of the Nation’s peanut acreage had been
harvested as of October 18, twenty-three percentage points behind last year and 14 percentage points behind the 5-year
average. As of October 25, sixty-four percent of the Nation’s peanut acreage was rated in good to excellent condition,
10 percentage points above the same time last year. Sixty-six percent of the Nation’s peanut acreage had been harvested
as of November 1, sixteen percentage points behind last year and 10 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Harvest
progress was at or behind the 5-year average pace for all estimating States.
By October 4, sugarbeet producers had harvested 46 percent of the Nation’s crop, 28 percentage points ahead of last year
and 16 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By October 18, sugarbeet producers had harvested 83 percent of the
Nation’s crop, 44 percentage points ahead of last year and 21 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By
November 1, sugarbeet producers had harvested 95 percent of the Nation’s crop, 28 percentage points ahead of last year
and 11 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Harvest progress was ahead of the 5-year average pace in all
estimating States.
By October 4, eleven percent of this year’s sunflower crop had been harvested, 10 percentage points ahead of last year
and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By October 18, thirty-seven percent of this year’s sunflower crop had
been harvested, 29 percentage points ahead of last year and 15 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Harvest
progress was ahead of the 5-year average pace in all estimating States. By November 1, sixty-one percent of this year’s
sunflower crop had been harvested, 34 percentage points ahead of last year and 7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year
average.
Crop Comments
Corn: The 2020 corn area harvested for grain is forecast at 82.5 million acres, unchanged from the previous forecast, but
up 1 percent from last year.
The November 1 corn objective yield data indicate the fourth highest number of ears on record for the combined
10 objective yield States (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, South Dakota, and
Wisconsin).
At 14.5 billion bushels, 2020 corn production for grain is forecast to be the third highest production on record for the
United States. The forecasted yield, at 175.8 bushels per acre, is up 5 percent from last year’s final estimate of
167.5 bushels per acre. If realized, this would be the third highest yield on record for the United States. Record high yields
are forecast in Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, New York, South Carolina, South Dakota, Washington,
and Wisconsin.
Eighty-seven percent of the Nation’s corn acreage was mature by October 4, thirty-three percentage points ahead of last
year and 9 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Twenty-five percent of the Nation’s corn acreage was harvested
by October 4, eleven percentage points ahead of last year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average harvest pace.
34
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Ninety-four percent of the Nation’s corn acreage was mature by October 11, twenty-five percentage points ahead of last
year and 7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Forty-one percent of the Nation’s corn acreage was harvested by
week’s end, 21 percentage points ahead of last year and 9 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average harvest pace.
Ninety-seven percent of the Nation’s corn acreage was mature by October 18, fifteen percentage points ahead of last year
and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Sixty percent of the Nation’s corn acreage had been harvested by
October 18, thirty-two percentage points ahead of last year and 17 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By
October 18, sixty-one percent of the Nation’s corn was rated in good to excellent condition, 5 percentage points above the
same time last year.
Seventy-two percent of the Nation’s corn acreage had been harvested by October 25, thirty-four percentage points ahead
of last year and 16 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Eighty-two percent of the Nation’s corn acreage had
been harvested by November 1, thirty-three percentage points ahead of last year and 13 percentage points ahead of the
5-year average.
Sorghum: Production is forecast at 371 million bushels, up slightly from the previous forecast and up 9 percent from last
year. Area harvested for grain is forecast at 5.00 million acres, unchanged from the previous forecast but up 7 percent
from 2019. Based on November 1 conditions, yield is forecast at 74.2 bushels per acre, 0.1 bushel higher than the previous
forecast and 1.2 bushels per acre above the 2019 yield of 73.0 bushels per acre.
As of November 1, eighty-two percent of the sorghum acreage was harvested, 8 percentage points ahead of last year and
11 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
Rice: Production is forecast at 226 million cwt, down less than 1 percent from the previous forecast and up 22 percent
from 2019. Harvested area is expected to total 2.99 million acres, unchanged from the previous forecast but up 21 percent
from 2019. Based on conditions as of November 1, the average United States yield is forecast at 7,560 pounds per acre,
down 7 pounds per acre from the previous forecast, but up 89 pounds per acre from 2019. Record high yield is forecasted
in Missouri.
As of November 1, ninety-six percent of the rice acreage was harvested, 2 percentage points behind last year and
3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Harvest was complete or nearing completion in all estimating States.
Soybeans: Production is forecast at 4.17 billion bushels, down 2 percent from the previous forecast but up 17 percent
from last year. Based on conditions as of November 1, yields are expected to average 50.7 bushels per acre,
down 1.2 bushels from the previous forecast but up 3.3 bushels from last year. Area harvested for beans in the
United States is forecast at 82.3 million acres, unchanged from the previous forecast but up 10 percent from 2019.
The November objective yield data for the combined 11 major soybean-producing States (Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana,
Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, and South Dakota) indicate a higher pod count
compared with the previous year. Compared with final counts for 2019, pod counts are up in 10 of the 11 published
States. Illinois showed the greatest increase, up 567 pods per 18 square feet from the previous year.
Soybean harvest was 38 percent complete as of October 4, twenty-six percentage points ahead of last year and
10 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. As of November 1, harvest was 87 percent complete Nationwide,
16 percentage points ahead of last year and 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. At that time, harvest progress
was at or ahead of the respective State 5-year average pace in 11 of the 18 States estimated in the Crop Progress report.
If realized, the forecasted yield will be a record high in Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Pennsylvania,
and Texas.
Peanuts: Production is forecast at 6.64 billion pounds, down 1 percent from the previous forecast but up 22 percent from
the revised 2019 total of 5.47 billion pounds. Harvested area is expected to total 1.62 million acres, unchanged from the
previous forecast but up 17 percent from 2019. Based on conditions as of November 1, the average yield for the
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
35
United States is forecast at 4,093 pounds per acre, down 32 pounds per acre from the previous forecast but up 159 pounds
per acre from 2019. Record high production is forecasted in Georgia. Record high yield is forecasted in Mississippi.
As of November 1, sixty-six percent of the 2020 peanut acreage had been harvested, 16 percentage points behind last year
and 10 percentage points behind the 5-year average.
Cotton: Upland harvested area for the Nation is expected to total 8.81 million acres, unchanged from the previous
forecast but down 23 percent from last year. Expected Pima harvested area, at 193,300 acres, is unchanged from the
previous forecast but down 14 percent from last year.
As of November 1, fifty-two percent of the cotton acreage was harvested, 1 percentage point ahead of last year and
3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
If realized, the forecasted yield for all cotton will be a record high at the National level and a record high yield for Upland
cotton in Arkansas.
Ginnings totaled 3,986,950 running bales prior to November 1, compared with 6,249,600 running bales ginned prior to the
same date last year.
Sugarbeets: Production of sugarbeets for the 2020 crop year is forecast at 34.0 million tons, down 5 percent from last
month but up 19 percent from last year. Sugarbeet producers expect to harvest 1.15 million acres, unchanged from the
previous forecast but up 17 percent from 2019. Yield is forecast at 29.6 tons per acre, down 1.6 tons from the previous
forecast but an increase of 0.4 ton from last year.
In Michigan, 82 percent of the harvest was complete by November 1, well ahead of both last year and the five-year
average. In Minnesota and North Dakota, harvest was completed by mid-October.
Sugarcane: Production of sugarcane for sugar and seed is forecast at 33.8 million tons, down 1 percent from last month
but up 6 percent from last year. Producers intend to harvest 932,600 acres for sugar and seed during the 2020 crop year,
up slightly from the previous forecast and up 2 percent from last year. Yields for sugar and seed are expected to
average 36.2 tons per acre, down 0.4 ton from last month but up 1.2 tons from 2019
In Louisiana, harvest was 33 percent complete as of the week ending November 1. In Texas, harvest began on October 19.
Potatoes: Production of potatoes for the 2020 crop year is forecast at 415 million cwt, down 2 percent from last year.
Planted acreage, at 923,000 acres, is up slightly from the June estimate. Area harvested, at 915,700 acres, is
down 2 percent from the previous year. The yield forecast, at 454 cwt per acre, is up 1 cwt from last year’s yield.
Idaho and Oregon had ideal growing conditions throughout the season with both States completing harvest by
November 1. In Washington, harvest was 95 percent completed by November 1. In North Dakota, harvest began in early
September and was complete by mid-October.
36
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Statistical Methodology
Field crop survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between October 24 and
November 5 to gather information on expected yield as of November 1. The objective yield surveys for corn, cotton, and
soybeans were conducted in the major producing States that usually account for about 75 percent of the United States
production. Randomly selected plots were revisited to make current counts. The counts made within each sample plot
depend on the crop and the maturity of that crop. In all cases, plant counts are recorded along with other measurements
that provide information to forecast the number of ears, bolls, or pods and their weight. The counts are used with similar
data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net
yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the fruit is harvested and weighed. After the farm
operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss. Starting in 2019,
NASS eliminated the August objective yield survey for cotton (except Texas), corn, and soybeans.
The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet, and personal
interviewers. Approximately 7,800 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about
probable yield.
Field crop estimating procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for
reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather
patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each Regional Field Office submits their
analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State
analyses to prepare the published November 1 forecasts.
Revision policy: The November 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each
month throughout the growing season. End-of-season estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the marketing
season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks.
Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. Estimates of
planted acres for spring planted crops are subject to revision in the August Crop Production report if conditions altered
the planting intentions since the mid-year survey. Current year, planted acres may also be revised for cotton, peanuts, and
rice in the September Crop Production report each year; spring wheat, Durum wheat, barley, and oats only in the
Small Grains Summary report at the end of September; and all other spring planted crops in the October Crop Production
report. Revisions to planted acres will only be made when either special survey data, administrative data, such as Farm
Service Agency program “sign up” data, or remote sensing data are available. Harvested acres may be revised any time a
production forecast is made if there is strong evidence that the intended harvested area has changed since the last forecast.
Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the November 1 production forecast, the “Root Mean Square
Error,” a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the November 1 production
forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage
deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the “Root Mean
Square Error.” Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the
final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing
recent years. For example, the “Root Mean Square Error” for the November 1 corn for grain production forecast is
1.0 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast will not be above or below the final
estimate by more than 1.0 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not
exceed 1.8 percent.
Also, shown in the following table is a 20-year record for selected crops of the differences between the November 1
forecast and the final estimate. Using corn again as an example, changes between the November 1 forecast and the final
estimate during the last 20 years have averaged 103 million bushels, ranging from 4 million bushels to 286 million
bushels. The November 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 7 times and above 13 times. This does not imply that
the November 1 corn forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production.
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
37
Reliability of November 1 Crop Production Forecasts
[Based on data for the past twenty years]
Crop
Root mean
square error
(percent)
Corn for grain .................................. bushels
Peanut 1 ........................................... pounds
Potato .................................................... cwt
Rice ....................................................... cwt
Sorghum for grain ........................... bushels
Soybeans for beans ........................ bushels
Sugarbeets for sugar ............................. tons
Sugarcane ............................................ tons
Upland cotton 1 ................................... bales
(percent)
1.0
4.9
2.2
1.6
5.0
1.7
1.5
4.3
3.1
Difference between forecast
and final estimate
90 percent
confidence
interval
1.8
8.4
3.8
2.8
8.6
3.0
2.7
7.5
5.4
Production
Years
Average
Smallest
Largest
Below
final
(millions)
(millions)
(millions)
(number)
103
195
6
3
14
48
(Z)
1
425
4
10
1
(Z)
1
2
(Z)
(Z)
45
286
662
37
11
33
171
1
2
1,001
7
14
14
14
11
10
11
9
7
Above
final
(number)
13
6
6
6
9
10
9
11
13
(Z) Less than half of the unit shown.
1
Quantity is in thousands of units.
38
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Information Contacts
Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact
for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to [email protected]
Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch ....................................................................................................... (202) 720-2127
Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section ......................................................................................... (202) 720-2127
Irwin Anolik – Crop Weather .......................................................................................................... (202) 720-7621
Joshua Bates – Oats, Soybeans ........................................................................................................ (202) 690-3234
David Colwell – Current Agricultural Industrial Reports ................................................................ (202) 720-8800
Becky Sommer – Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum ..................................................................... (202) 720-5944
James Johanson – Barley, County Estimates, Hay .......................................................................... (202) 690-8533
Greg Lemmons – Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet ............................................................................... (202) 720-9526
Jean Porter – Rye, Wheat ................................................................................................................. (202) 720-8068
John Stephens – Peanuts, Rice ......................................................................................................... (202) 720-7688
Travis Thorson – Sunflower, Other Oilseeds................................................................................... (202) 720-7369
Fleming Gibson, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section ................................................ (202) 720-2127
Heidi Lanouette – Blueberries, Cranberries, Cucumbers, Pistachios, Potatoes, Pumpkins,
Raspberries, Squash, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes ............................ (202) 720-4285
Robert Little – Apricots, Dry Beans, Lettuce, Macadamia, Maple Syrup,
Nectarines, Pears, Snap Beans, Spinach, Tomatoes .................................................................. (202) 720-3250
Anastasiya Osborne – Almonds, Apples, Asparagus, Carrots, Coffee, Onions
Plums, Prunes, Sweet Corn, Tobacco ........................................................................................ (202) 720-4288
Krishna Rizal – Artichokes, Cauliflower, Celery, Grapefruit, Garlic, Hazelnuts,
Kiwifruit, Lemons, Mandarins and tangerines, Mint, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges ................ (202) 720-5412
Dawn Smoker – Avocados, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cabbage, Chickpeas,
Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Grapes, Hops, Pecans ........................................................ (202) 720-4215
Fleming Gibson – Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Green Peas, Honeydews, Lentils,
Papayas, Peaches, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Walnuts, Watermelons ............................... (202) 720-2127
Crop Production (November 2020)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
39
Access to NASS Reports
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All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov
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For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540,
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The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for
employment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where
applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's
income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic information in employment or in any program
or activity conducted or funded by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs and/or
employment activities.)
If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination, complete the USDA Program Discrimination
Complaint Form (PDF), found online at www.ascr.usda.gov/filing-program-discrimination-complaint-usda-customer, or
at any USDA office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may also write a letter containing all of the
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| File Type | application/pdf |
| Author | USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service |
| File Modified | 2020-11-10 |
| File Created | 2020-11-10 |