Crop Production - Maple

0039 - Crop Production - Maple - June 09, 2023.pdf

Fruit, Nuts, and Specialty Crops

Crop Production - Maple

OMB: 0535-0039

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Crop Production
ISSN: 1936-3737

Released June 9, 2023, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).

Winter Wheat Production Up 1 Percent from May Forecast
Orange Production Up Less Than 1 Percent
Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.14 billion bushels, up 1 percent from the May 1 forecast and up 3 percent from
2022. As of June 1, the United States yield is forecast at 44.9 bushels per acre, up 0.2 bushel from last month but down
2.1 bushels from last year’s average yield of 47.0 bushels per acre.
Hard Red Winter production, at 525 million bushels, is up 2 percent last month. Soft Red Winter, at 402 million bushels,
is down 1 percent from the May forecast. White Winter, at 209 million bushels, is down 1 percent from last month. Of the
White Winter production, 10.3 million bushels are Hard White and 199 million bushels are Soft White.
The United States all orange forecast for the 2022-2023 season is 2.56 million tons, up less than 1 percent from the
previous forecast but down 25 percent from the 2021- 2022 final utilization. The Florida all orange forecast, at
15.8 million boxes (709,000 tons), is up 1 percent from the previous forecast but down 62 percent from last season’s final
utilization. In Florida, early, midseason, and Navel varieties are forecast at 6.15 million boxes (277,000 tons), unchanged
from the previous forecast but down 66 percent from last season’s final utilization. The Florida Valencia orange forecast,
at 9.60 million boxes (432,000 tons), is up 1 percent from the previous forecast but down 58 percent from last season’s
final utilization.

This report was approved on June 9, 2023.

Secretary of Agriculture
Designate
Robert Bonnie

Agricultural Statistics Board
Chairperson
Joseph L. Parsons

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Contents
Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2022 and Forecasted
June 1, 2023 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 5
Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2022 and Forecasted
June 1, 2023 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 6
Wheat Production by Class – United States: 2022 and Forecasted June 1, 2023 ................................................................... 6
Hops Area Harvested by Variety – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 ........................................................................ 7
Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop – States and United States: 2021-2022 and Forecasted
June 1, 2023 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 9
Tart Cherry Production – States and United States: 2022 and Forecasted June 1, 2023 ...................................................... 10
Sweet Cherry Production – States and United States: 2022 and Forecasted June 1, 2023 ................................................... 10
Maple Syrup Taps, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2021-2023 .............................................................. 11
Maple Syrup Price and Value – States and United States: 2021-2023 ................................................................................. 11
Maple Syrup Sales by Type – States: 2021 and 2022 ........................................................................................................... 12
Maple Syrup Retail and Wholesale Price – States: 2021 and 2022 ...................................................................................... 12
Maple Syrup Bulk Price – States: 2021 and 2022................................................................................................................. 13
Maple Syrup Grade – States: 2021 and 2022 ........................................................................................................................ 13
Maple Sap Sales and Price – States: 2021 and 2022............................................................................................................. 13
Maple Syrup Season – States and United States: 2021-2023................................................................................................ 14
Maple Syrup Average Open and Close Season Dates – States and United States: 2021-2023 ............................................ 14
Maple Syrup Price by Type of Sale and Size of Container – States: 2021 and 2022 ........................................................... 15
Maple Syrup Percent of Sales by Type – States: 2021 and 2022.......................................................................................... 15
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2022 and 2023 ................... 16
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States: 2022 and 2023 ....................... 18
Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2022 and 2023 .................................................................. 20
Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units – United States: 2022 and 2023 ....................................................................... 21
Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab – United States: 2019-2023 ............................... 22
Percent of Normal Precipitation Map ................................................................................................................................... 23
Departure from Normal Temperature Map ........................................................................................................................... 23
Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

May Weather Summary ........................................................................................................................................................ 24
May Agricultural Summary .................................................................................................................................................. 24
Crop Comments .................................................................................................................................................................... 27
Statistical Methodology......................................................................................................................................................... 29
Reliability of June 1 Crop Production Forecasts ................................................................................................................... 30
Information Contacts ............................................................................................................................................................. 31

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2022 and Forecasted
June 1, 2023
Area harvested
State

Yield per acre

2022

2023

2022
(bushels)

Production

2023
May 1

June 1

(bushels)

2022

2023

(1,000 bushels)

(1,000 acres)

Arkansas ........................
California ........................
Colorado .........................
Idaho ..............................
Illinois .............................
Indiana ...........................
Kansas ...........................
Kentucky .........................
Maryland .........................
Michigan .........................

150
70
1,430
710
560
240
6,600
375
170
415

160
95
1,650
700
790
380
6,600
430
175
580

53.0
73.0
25.0
90.0
79.0
81.0
37.0
80.0
78.0
83.0

51.0
80.0
30.0
87.0
78.0
77.0
29.0
79.0
79.0
81.0

51.0
80.0
32.0
87.0
78.0
77.0
29.0
78.0
75.0
76.0

7,950
5,110
35,750
63,900
44,240
19,440
244,200
30,000
13,260
34,445

8,160
7,600
52,800
60,900
61,620
29,260
191,400
33,540
13,125
44,080

Mississippi ......................
Missouri ..........................
Montana .........................
Nebraska ........................
North Carolina ................
North Dakota ..................
Ohio ................................
Oklahoma .......................
Oregon ...........................
South Dakota ..................

75
410
1,800
820
375
95
465
2,450
720
730

95
600
1,750
970
420
110
540
2,150
740
750

52.0
60.0
33.0
32.0
64.0
60.0
79.0
28.0
68.0
52.0

53.0
60.0
44.0
34.0
63.0
54.0
78.0
23.0
56.0
46.0

51.0
60.0
44.0
34.0
64.0
54.0
76.0
25.0
58.0
46.0

3,900
24,600
59,400
26,240
24,000
5,700
36,735
68,600
48,960
37,960

4,845
36,000
77,000
32,980
26,880
5,940
41,040
53,750
42,920
34,500

Tennessee ......................
Texas .............................
Virginia ...........................
Washington ....................
Wisconsin .......................

335
1,300
150
1,800
240

400
2,000
145
1,750
240

73.0
30.0
68.0
68.0
78.0

72.0
28.0
61.0
57.0
71.0

71.0
30.0
61.0
56.0
71.0

24,455
39,000
10,200
122,400
18,720

28,400
60,000
8,845
98,000
17,040

Other States 1 .................

974

1,066

56.0

61.8

54,542

65,840

United States ..................

23,459

25,286

47.0

44.7

44.9

1,103,707

1,136,465

Other States include Alabama, Delaware, Georgia, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Utah, and Wyoming.
Individual State level estimates will be published in the Small Grains 2023 Summary.

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2022 and Forecasted
June 1, 2023
[Area harvested for the United States and remaining States will be published in the Acreage report released June 2023. Yield and production will be
published in the Crop Production report released July 2023. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Area harvested
State

2022

Yield per acre

2023

(1,000 acres)
Arizona ........................
California .....................
Idaho ............................
Montana .......................
North Dakota ................

84
35
7
675
780

United States ...............

1,581

2022

(1,000 acres)

(bushels)

39
20

Production
2023

114.0
110.0
65.0
28.0
40.0

May 1

June 1

(bushels)

106.0
110.0

105.0
110.0

40.5

2022

2023

(1,000 bushels)

9,576
3,850
455
18,900
31,200

4,095
2,200

63,981

Wheat Production by Class – United States: 2022 and Forecasted June 1, 2023
[Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both surveys and administrative data. The previous end-of-year season class
percentages are used throughout the forecast season for States that do not have survey or administrative data available. Blank data cells indicate
estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

2022

2023

(1,000 bushels)

Winter
Hard red .......................................
Soft red ........................................
Hard white ....................................
Soft white .....................................

530,910
336,525
10,647
225,625

Spring
Hard red .......................................
Hard white ....................................
Soft white .....................................
Durum ..........................................

446,015
6,707
29,468
63,981

Total ............................................

1,649,878

525,387
401,830
10,317
198,931

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Hops Area Harvested by Variety – States and United States: 2022 and 2023
State and variety

Area harvested

Strung for harvest

2022

2023

(acres)

Idaho
Amarillo R, VGXP01 ...........................................................
Apollo TM ............................................................................
Cascade ............................................................................
Cashmere ..........................................................................
Chinook .............................................................................
Citra R, HBC 394 ................................................................
Columbus/Tomahawk R/Zeus (CTZ) ...................................
Comet ................................................................................
El Dorado R ........................................................................
Eureka! TM ..........................................................................

379
(D)
845
140
542
1,767
520
144
304
419

542
209
720
137
468
965
1,153
106
241
527

Hallertauer Mittelfruher ......................................................
Idaho 7 R ............................................................................
Mosaic R, HBC 369 ............................................................
Mt. Rainier .........................................................................
Saaz ..................................................................................
Simcoe R, YCR 14 .............................................................
Triumph .............................................................................
Willamette ..........................................................................
YQH 1320 ..........................................................................

159
382
1,440
85
380
441
55
459
(NA)

159
290
1,072
58
380
311
(D)
459
8

Other varieties 1 .................................................................

806

1,027

Total ..................................................................................

9,267

8,832

Oregon
Amarillo R, VGXP01 ...........................................................
Cascade ............................................................................
Centennial .........................................................................
Chinook .............................................................................
Citra R, HBC 394 ................................................................
Crystal ...............................................................................
Liberty ...............................................................................
Mosaic R, HBC 369 ............................................................
Mt. Hood ............................................................................
Mt. Rainier .........................................................................

210
658
380
90
1,691
191
(D)
901
171
130

215
622
393
76
1,457
201
25
839
198
112

Nugget ...............................................................................
Sabro TM, HBC 438 ............................................................
Simcoe R, YCR 14 .............................................................
Sterling ..............................................................................
Strata TM, OR91331 ...........................................................
Tahoma .............................................................................
Talus TM, HBC 692 .............................................................
Willamette ..........................................................................

441
119
527
35
1,143
(D)
46
471

376
(D)
506
45
853
104
(D)
481

Other varieties 1 .................................................................

552

390

Total ..................................................................................

7,756

See footnote(s) at end of table.

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

6,893
--continued

Hops Area Harvested by Variety – States and United States: 2022 and 2023 (continued)
State and variety

Area harvested

Strung for harvest

2022

2023

(acres)

Washington
Ahtanum R, YCR 1 ............................................................
Amarillo R, VGXP01 ..........................................................
Apollo TM ...........................................................................
Azacca R, ADHA-483 ........................................................
Bravo TM ............................................................................
Cascade ...........................................................................
Cashmere .........................................................................
Centennial .........................................................................
Chinook ............................................................................
Citra R, HBC 394 ...............................................................

168
1,324
807
871
203
3,604
717
2,044
1,443
8,586

(D)
1,438
804
447
206
2,978
314
2,144
1,241
6,340

Cluster ..............................................................................
Columbus/Tomahawk R/Zeus (CTZ) ..................................
Comet ...............................................................................
Crystal ..............................................................................
Ekuanot R, HBC 366 ..........................................................
El Dorado R .......................................................................
Eureka! TM .........................................................................
Idaho 7 R ...........................................................................
Loral R, HBC 291 ...............................................................
Mosaic R, HBC 369 ...........................................................

286
3,998
327
(D)
367
861
570
158
199
4,160

195
5,325
205
63
373
552
621
154
179
3,246

Mt. Hood ...........................................................................
Mt. Rainier ........................................................................
Pahto TM, HBC 682 ............................................................
Palisade R, YCR 4 .............................................................
Pekko R, ADHA-871 ..........................................................
Sabro TM, HBC 438 ............................................................
Simcoe R, YCR 14 .............................................................
Super Galena TM ...............................................................
Tahoma ............................................................................
Talus TM, HBC 692 ............................................................

42
212
1,709
377
1,084
548
3,494
354
383
377

154
212
2,264
314
1,032
225
3,412
354
384
179

Warrior R, YCR 5 ...............................................................
Willamette .........................................................................
YQH 1320 .........................................................................
Zappa TM ...........................................................................
Experimental .....................................................................

147
124
(NA)
69
702

145
216
62
(D)
740

Other varieties 1 ................................................................

2,447

2,475

Total .................................................................................

42,762

38,993

United States 2 .................................................................

59,785

54,718

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(NA) Not available.
R
Registered
TM
Trademark
1
Includes data withheld to avoid disclosure of individual operations and varieties not listed.
2
Includes 982 organic acres in 2022 and 772 organic acres in 2023.

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop – States and United States: 2021-2022 and
Forecasted June 1, 2023
[The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year]
Crop and State

Utilized production boxes 1

Utilized production ton equivalent

2021-2022

2022-2023

2021-2022

2022-2023

(1,000 boxes)

(1,000 tons)

Oranges
California, all 2 ........................................
Early, mid, and Navel 3 .........................
Valencia ................................................

39,100
31,500
7,600

45,100
37,000
8,100

1,564
1,260
304

1,804
1,480
324

Florida, all ...............................................
Early, mid, and Navel 3 .........................
Valencia ................................................

41,200
18,250
22,950

15,750
6,150
9,600

1,854
821
1,033

709
277
432

Texas, all 2 ..............................................
Early, mid, and Navel 3 .........................
Valencia ................................................

200
170
30

1,050
700
350

8
7
1

45
30
15

United States, all ....................................
Early, mid, and Navel 3 .........................
Valencia ................................................

80,500
49,920
30,580

61,900
43,850
18,050

3,426
2,088
1,338

2,558
1,787
771

Grapefruit
California 2 ..............................................
Florida, all ...............................................
Texas 2 ...................................................

4,100
3,330
1,700

4,200
1,820
2,400

164
142
68

168
77
96

United States ..........................................

9,130

8,420

374

341

Tangerines and mandarins 4
California 2 ..............................................
Florida ....................................................

17,500
750

21,000
490

700
36

840
23

United States ..........................................

18,250

21,490

736

863

Lemons 2
Arizona ...................................................
California ................................................

1,250
25,200

1,700
23,000

50
1,008

68
920

United States ..........................................

26,450

24,700

1,058

988

Net pounds per box: oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; tangerines and mandarins in
California-80, Florida-95; lemons-80.
2
Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.
3
Navel and miscellaneous varieties in California. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in Florida and Texas.
4
Includes tangelos and tangors.

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Tart Cherry Production – States and United States: 2022 and Forecasted June 1, 2023
State

Total production
2022

2023

(million pounds)

Michigan ....................................................
New York ...................................................
Utah ...........................................................
Washington ................................................
Wisconsin ..................................................

180.5
(D)
22.6
(D)
12.9

120.5
8.4
40.3
26.0
7.8

Other States ...............................................

28.2

United States .............................................

244.2

203.0

- Represents zero.
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.

Sweet Cherry Production – States and United States: 2022 and Forecasted June 1, 2023
State

Total production
2022

2023

(tons)

California ...................................................
Oregon .......................................................
Washington ................................................

55,100
32,100
144,500

80,000
51,000
240,000

United States .............................................

231,700

371,000

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Maple Syrup Taps, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2021-2023
State

Number of taps
2021

2022

Yield per tap
2023

(1,000 taps) (1,000 taps) (1,000 taps)

2021
(gallons)

2022
(gallons)

Production
2023

2021

2022

2023

(gallons)

(1,000
gallons)

Maine ..................................
Michigan ..............................
New Hampshire ...................
New York .............................
Pennsylvania .......................
Vermont ...............................
Wisconsin ............................

1,960
550
530
2,900
745
6,500
900

1,860
560
500
2,800
710
6,650
920

1,880
590
460
2,500
675
6,350
985

0.262
0.273
0.240
0.223
0.226
0.269
0.406

0.341
0.336
0.308
0.291
0.219
0.384
0.481

0.250
0.330
0.302
0.300
0.263
0.322
0.408

514
150
127
647
168
1,750
365

634
188
154
815
155
2,554
443

470
195
139
750
178
2,045
402

United States .......................

14,085

14,000

13,440

0.264

0.353

0.311

3,721

4,943

4,179

Maple Syrup Price and Value – States and United States: 2021-2023
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
State

Average price per gallon

Value of production

2021

2022

2023 1

2021

2022

2023 1

(dollars)

(1,000 dollars)

38.60
46.30
64.90
37.80
36.20
32.00
33.10

34.90
37.10
52.20
37.50
34.90
33.10
31.40

19,840
6,945
8,242
24,457
6,082
56,000
12,082

22,127
6,975
8,039
30,563
5,410
84,537
13,910

United States .......................

35.90

34.70

133,648

171,561

Price and value for 2023 will be published in Crop Production released June 2024.

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Maple Syrup Sales by Type – States: 2021 and 2022
Retail

State

Wholesale

Bulk

Value Added

2021

2022 1

2021

2022 1

2021

2022 1

2021

2022 1

(1,000
gallons)

Maine ...........................
Michigan ......................
New Hampshire ...........
New York .....................
Pennsylvania ...............
Vermont .......................
Wisconsin ....................

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

30
59
51
171
38
235
35

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

74
68
76
158
34
197
76

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

527
52
22
447
73
2,092
330

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

3
9
6
38
9
31
2

United States ...............

(NA)

619

(NA)

683

(NA)

3,543

(NA)

(NA) Not available.
1
Estimates began in 2022.

Maple Syrup Retail and Wholesale Price – States: 2021 and 2022
State

Retail
2021

Wholesale
2022

(dollars per gallon)

2021

2022 1

(dollars per gallon)

Maine .....................................
Michigan ................................
New Hampshire .....................
New York ...............................
Pennsylvania .........................
Vermont .................................
Wisconsin ..............................

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

63.00
50.80
59.60
53.00
45.40
54.00
52.70

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

39.60
31.90
54.90
43.60
38.60
37.30
35.70

United States .........................

(NA)

53.70

(NA)

40.30

(NA) Not available.
1
Estimates began in 2022.

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Maple Syrup Bulk Price – States: 2021 and 2022
State

Bulk all grades

2021

2022

2021

2022

(dollars per pound)

(dollars per gallon)

Maine ....................................
Michigan ................................
New Hampshire .....................
New York ...............................
Pennsylvania .........................
Vermont .................................
Wisconsin ..............................

3.20
2.40
2.40
2.40
2.50
2.60
2.50

2.96
2.58
2.33
2.67
2.51
2.75
2.56

35.10
26.80
26.40
26.70
27.60
28.30
27.40

32.60
28.40
25.70
29.40
27.70
30.30
28.20

United States .........................

(NA)

2.70

(NA)

30.20

(NA) Not available.

Maple Syrup Grade – States: 2021 and 2022
State

Grade A

Processing Grade

2021

2022 1

2021

2022 1

(gallons)

(gallon)

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

586,199
165,217
137,080
739,528
134,270
2,188,308
414,540

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

44,801
13,783
11,920
36,472
10,730
335,692
26,460

United States .........................

(NA)

4,365,142

(NA)

479,858

(NA) Not available.
1
Estimates began in 2022.

Maple Sap Sales and Price – States: 2021 and 2022
State

Sap Sales

Sap Price

2021

2022 1

2021

2022 1

(1,000 gallons)

(dollars per gallon)

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

(D)
(D)
60
794
108
4,634
1,487

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

(D)
(D)
0.27
0.52
0.35
0.90
0.29

Other States 2 ........................

(NA)

104

(NA)

1.55

United States .........................

(NA)

7,187

(NA)

0.70

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(NA) Not available.
1
Estimates began in 2022.
2
Includes data withheld above.

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Maple Syrup Season – States and United States: 2021-2023
Date season
opened 1

State

Date season
closed 2

Average season
length 3

2021

2022

2023 4

2021

2022

2023 4

2021

(date)

(days)

2023 4

2022
(days)

(days)

Maine ...................................
Michigan ..............................
New Hampshire ...................
New York .............................
Pennsylvania .......................
Vermont ...............................
Wisconsin ............................

Feb 15
Feb 1
Jan 11
Jan 1
Jan 4
Jan 25
Feb 20

Feb 5
Feb 16
Feb 4
Jan 1
Feb 4
Jan 1
Feb 20

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

Apr 30
Apr 14
Apr 16
May 4
Apr 15
Apr 23
Apr 10

May 30
Apr 30
Apr 28
May 2
Apr 22
May 16
May 3

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

31
25
26
29
25
28
25

36
30
36
33
27
40
34

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

United States .......................

(NA)

(NA) Not available.
1
Approximately the first day that sap was collected.
2
Approximately the last day that sap was collected.
3
The average number of days that sap was collected.
4
Estimates discontinued beginning in 2023.

Maple Syrup Average Open and Close Season Dates – States and United States: 2021-2023
State

Season Opened 1

Season Closed 2
3

2021

2022

2023

(date)

2021

2022

2023 3

(date)

Maine ..........................................
Michigan .....................................
New Hampshire ..........................
New York ....................................
Pennsylvania ..............................
Vermont ......................................
Wisconsin ...................................

Mar 6
Mar 2
Mar 6
Mar 4
Feb 27
Mar 8
Mar 6

Mar 4
Mar 9
Feb 27
Feb 28
Feb 24
Feb 28
Mar 18

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

Apr 6
Mar 28
Apr 1
Apr 2
Mar 24
Apr 5
Mar 31

Apr 9
Apr 8
Apr 4
Apr 2
Mar 23
Apr 9
Apr 20

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

United States ..............................

(NA)

(NA) Not available.
1
Approximate average opened date based on reported data.
2
Approximate average closed date based on reported data.
3
Estimates discontinued beginning in 2023.

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Maple Syrup Price by Type of Sale and Size of Container – States: 2021 and 2022
Gallon

Type and State

1/2 Gallon

Quart

Pint

1/2 Pint

2021

2022 1

2021

2022 1

2021

2022 1

2021

2022 1

2021

2022 1

(dollars)

Retail
Maine ..............................
Michigan ..........................
New Hampshire ...............
New York .........................
Pennsylvania ...................
Vermont ...........................
Wisconsin ........................

61.40
47.70
65.50
45.60
41.30
46.30
45.20

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

32.70
28.40
35.10
25.20
24.30
27.80
26.30

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

18.10
14.70
19.90
17.00
14.20
16.20
14.60

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

10.60
9.60
11.40
9.60
8.85
11.40
8.80

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

6.50
6.80
7.50
5.70
5.00
7.10
6.00

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

Wholesale
Maine ..............................
Michigan ..........................
New Hampshire ...............
New York .........................
Pennsylvania ...................
Vermont ...........................
Wisconsin ........................

48.30
37.60
48.20
41.50
39.80
37.90
40.70

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

24.80
24.90
28.80
23.80
20.30
22.30
25.70

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

14.50
14.60
14.20
14.10
13.40
13.80
13.20

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

7.90
8.50
8.25
9.10
7.90
8.50
7.50

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

(D)
5.70
(D)
4.60
4.40
5.10
4.60

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(NA) Not available.
1
Estimates discontinued beginning in 2022.

Maple Syrup Percent of Sales by Type – States: 2021 and 2022
State

Retail

Wholesale

Bulk

2021

2022 1

2021

2022 1

2021

2022 1

(percent)

Maine .....................................
Michigan .................................
New Hampshire ......................
New York ................................
Pennsylvania ..........................
Vermont ..................................
Wisconsin ...............................

6
27
71
24
30
10
13

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

12
15
14
13
14
4
5

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

82
58
15
63
56
86
82

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)

(NA) Not available.
1
Estimates discontinued beginning in 2022.

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States:
2022 and 2023
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2023 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Area planted

Area harvested

2022

2023

2022

2023

(1,000 acres)

Grains and hay
Barley .....................................................................................
Corn for grain 1 ........................................................................
Corn for silage ........................................................................
Hay, all ....................................................................................
Alfalfa ..................................................................................
All other ...............................................................................
Oats ........................................................................................
Proso millet .............................................................................
Rice ........................................................................................
Rye .........................................................................................
Sorghum for grain 1 .................................................................
Sorghum for silage ..................................................................
Wheat, all ................................................................................
Winter .................................................................................
Durum .................................................................................
Other spring ........................................................................

2,945
88,579
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
2,581
637
2,222
2,175
6,325
(NA)
45,738
33,271
1,632
10,835

2,922
91,996

Oilseeds
Canola ....................................................................................
Cottonseed .............................................................................
Flaxseed .................................................................................
Mustard seed ..........................................................................
Peanuts ..................................................................................
Rapeseed ...............................................................................
Safflower .................................................................................
Soybeans for beans ................................................................
Sunflower ................................................................................

2,213.0
(X)
263
221.0
1,450.3
10.9
150.2
87,450
1,693.0

2,270.0

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all ...............................................................................
Upland ................................................................................
American Pima ....................................................................
Sugarbeets .............................................................................
Sugarcane ..............................................................................
Tobacco ..................................................................................

13,761.0
13,579.0
182.0
1,159.5
(NA)
(NA)

11,256.0
11,102.0
154.0
1,110.8
(NA)

7,307.7
7,131.5
176.2
1,137.1
930.2
201.8

Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Chickpeas ...............................................................................
Dry edible beans .....................................................................
Dry edible peas .......................................................................
Lentils .....................................................................................

353.1
1,250.0
919.0
660.0

340.5
1,226.0
1,000.0
519.0

341.9
1,223.0
862.0
602.0

Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops .......................................................................................
Maple syrup ............................................................................
Mushrooms .............................................................................
Peppermint oil .........................................................................
Potatoes .................................................................................
Spearmint oil ...........................................................................

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
901.0
(NA)

(NA)
(NA)

59.8
(NA)
(NA)
34.0
895.6
13.7

See footnote(s) at end of table.

(NA)

2,667
2,583
5,975
49,855
37,505
1,780
10,570

175
1,547.0

87,505
1,361.0

2,433
79,207
6,860
49,546
14,913
34,633
890
507
2,172
341
4,570
525
35,480
23,459
1,581
10,440

50,645

25,286

2,169.0
(X)
244
182.0
1,385.4
10.4
135.3
86,336
1,607.0

197.1

54.7
(NA)

--continued

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States:
2022 and 2023 (continued)
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2023 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Yield per acre
2022

Production
2023

2022

2023

(1,000)

Grains and hay
Barley ......................................................................... bushels
Corn for grain .............................................................. bushels
Corn for silage ..................................................................tons
Hay, all .............................................................................tons
Alfalfa ...........................................................................tons
All other ........................................................................tons
Oats ............................................................................ bushels
Proso millet ................................................................. bushels
Rice 2 ................................................................................. cwt
Rye ............................................................................. bushels
Sorghum for grain ....................................................... bushels
Sorghum for silage ............................................................tons
Wheat, all ................................................................... bushels
Winter ..................................................................... bushels
Durum ..................................................................... bushels
Other spring ............................................................ bushels

71.7
173.3
18.7
2.28
3.22
1.87
64.8
18.5
7,383
36.1
41.1
10.8
46.5
47.0
40.5
46.2

Oilseeds
Canola ......................................................................... pounds
Cottonseed .......................................................................tons
Flaxseed ..................................................................... bushels
Mustard seed ............................................................... pounds
Peanuts ....................................................................... pounds
Rapeseed .................................................................... pounds
Safflower ..................................................................... pounds
Soybeans for beans .................................................... bushels
Sunflower .................................................................... pounds

1,762
(X)
17.6
557
4,019
1,863
1,213
49.5
1,750

3,821,810
4,415.0
4,304
101,290
5,568,150
19,380
164,054
4,276,123
2,812,540

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all 2 ..................................................................... bales
Upland 2 ...................................................................... bales
American Pima 2 ......................................................... bales
Sugarbeets .......................................................................tons
Sugarcane ........................................................................tons
Tobacco ....................................................................... pounds

950
942
1,280
28.6
37.3
2,217

14,468.0
13,998.0
470.0
32,574
34,671
447,367

Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Chickpeas 2 ....................................................................... cwt
Dry edible beans 2 ............................................................. cwt
Dry edible peas 2 ............................................................... cwt
Lentils 2 .............................................................................. cwt

1,070
2,113
1,751
912

3,658
25,847
15,092
5,489

Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops ............................................................................ pounds
Maple syrup ................................................................. gallons
Mushrooms .................................................................. pounds
Peppermint oil .............................................................. pounds
Potatoes ............................................................................ cwt
Spearmint oil ............................................................... pounds

1,694
(NA)
(NA)
99
438
120

44.9

(NA)

174,333
13,729,719
128,567
112,801
47,958
64,843
57,655
9,403
160,368
12,301
187,785
5,662
1,649,878
1,103,707
63,981
482,190

101,286.3
4,943
702,391
3,349
392,243
1,648

1,136,465

4,179

(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Area planted for all purposes.
2
Yield in pounds.

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States:
2022 and 2023
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2023 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Area planted

Area harvested

2022

2023

2022

2023

(hectares)

Grains and hay
Barley ........................................................................
Corn for grain 1 ...........................................................
Corn for silage ...........................................................
Hay, all 2 ....................................................................
Alfalfa .....................................................................
All other ..................................................................
Oats ...........................................................................
Proso millet ................................................................
Rice ...........................................................................
Rye ............................................................................
Sorghum for grain 1 ....................................................
Sorghum for silage .....................................................
Wheat, all 2 ................................................................
Winter ....................................................................
Durum ....................................................................
Other spring ...........................................................

1,191,810
35,847,040
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
1,044,500
257,790
899,220
880,200
2,559,660
(NA)
18,509,710
13,464,440
660,450
4,384,820

1,182,500
37,229,860

Oilseeds
Canola .......................................................................
Cottonseed ................................................................
Flaxseed ....................................................................
Mustard seed .............................................................
Peanuts .....................................................................
Rapeseed ..................................................................
Safflower ....................................................................
Soybeans for beans ...................................................
Sunflower ...................................................................

895,580
(X)
106,430
89,440
586,920
4,410
60,780
35,390,140
685,140

918,650

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all 2 ................................................................
Upland ...................................................................
American Pima .......................................................
Sugarbeets ................................................................
Sugarcane .................................................................
Tobacco .....................................................................

5,568,940
5,495,290
73,650
469,240
(NA)
(NA)

4,555,190
4,492,870
62,320
449,530
(NA)

2,957,350
2,886,050
71,310
460,170
376,440
81,650

Dry beans, peas, and lentils
Chickpeas ..................................................................
Dry edible beans ........................................................
Dry edible peas ..........................................................
Lentils ........................................................................

142,900
505,860
371,910
267,100

137,800
496,150
404,690
210,030

138,360
494,940
348,840
243,620

Potatoes and miscellaneous
Hops ..........................................................................
Maple syrup ...............................................................
Mushrooms ................................................................
Peppermint oil ............................................................
Potatoes ....................................................................
Spearmint oil ..............................................................

(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
364,630
(NA)

(NA)
(NA)

24,190
(NA)
(NA)
13,760
362,440
5,540

See footnote(s) at end of table.

(NA)

1,079,310
1,045,310
2,418,020
20,175,820
15,177,900
720,350
4,277,570

70,820
626,060

35,412,400
550,780

984,610
32,054,280
2,776,170
20,050,770
6,035,140
14,015,630
360,170
205,180
878,990
138,000
1,849,430
212,460
14,358,400
9,493,620
639,810
4,224,960

20,495,530

10,232,990

877,770
(X)
98,740
73,650
560,660
4,210
54,750
34,939,320
650,340

79,750

22,140
(NA)

--continued

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States:
2022 and 2023 (continued)
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2023 crop year.
Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Yield per hectare

Production

2022

2023

2022

2023

(metric tons)

Grains and hay
Barley .....................................................................................
Corn for grain ..........................................................................
Corn for silage ........................................................................
Hay, all 2 .................................................................................
Alfalfa .................................................................................
All other ..............................................................................
Oats ........................................................................................
Proso millet .............................................................................
Rice ........................................................................................
Rye .........................................................................................
Sorghum for grain ...................................................................
Sorghum for silage ..................................................................
Wheat, all 2 .............................................................................
Winter .................................................................................
Durum .................................................................................
Other spring ........................................................................

3.85
10.88
42.01
5.10
7.21
4.20
2.32
1.04
8.28
2.26
2.58
24.18
3.13
3.16
2.72
3.11

Oilseeds
Canola ....................................................................................
Cottonseed .............................................................................
Flaxseed .................................................................................
Mustard seed ..........................................................................
Peanuts ..................................................................................
Rapeseed ...............................................................................
Safflower ................................................................................
Soybeans for beans ................................................................
Sunflower ...............................................................................

1.97
(X)
1.11
0.62
4.50
2.09
1.36
3.33
1.96

1,733,540
4,005,220
109,330
45,940
2,525,670
8,790
74,410
116,377,000
1,275,750

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops
Cotton, all 2 .............................................................................
Upland ................................................................................
American Pima ...................................................................
Sugarbeets .............................................................................
Sugarcane ..............................................................................
Tobacco ..................................................................................

1.07
1.06
1.44
64.22
83.55
2.49

3,150,040
3,047,710
102,330
29,550,640
31,453,000
202,920

1.20
2.37
1.96
1.02

165,920
1,172,400
684,560
248,980

1.90
(NA)
(NA)
0.11
49.09
0.13

3.02

(NA)

3,795,650
348,750,930
116,634,020
102,331,350
43,506,770
58,824,580
836,860
213,260
7,274,170
312,460
4,769,960
5,136,480
44,902,320
30,037,980
1,741,280
13,123,060

45,940
24,720
318,600
1,520
17,791,840
750

30,929,510

20,900

(NA) Not available.
(X) Not applicable.
1
Area planted for all purposes.
2
Total may not add due to rounding.

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2022 and 2023
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2023 crop year,
except citrus which is for the 2022-2023 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Production
2022

2023

Citrus 1
Grapefruit .............................................................................................. 1,000 tons
Lemons ................................................................................................. 1,000 tons
Oranges ................................................................................................ 1,000 tons
Tangerines and mandarins .................................................................... 1,000 tons

374
1,058
3,426
736

Noncitrus
Apples, commercial ......................................................................... million pounds
Apricots .......................................................................................................... tons
Avocados ....................................................................................................... tons
Blueberries, Cultivated ..................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Blueberries, Wild (Maine) ................................................................. 1,000 pounds
Cherries, Sweet ............................................................................................. tons
Cherries, Tart .................................................................................. million pounds
Coffee (Hawaii) ................................................................................ 1,000 pounds
Cranberries .................................................................................................. barrel

9,765.0
29,640
156,900
621,600
77,600
231,700
244.2
25,690
8,058,000

Dates ............................................................................................................. tons
Grapes ........................................................................................................... tons
Kiwifruit (California) ........................................................................................ tons
Nectarines (California) ................................................................................... tons
Olives (California) .......................................................................................... tons
Papayas (Hawaii) ............................................................................. 1,000 pounds
Peaches ......................................................................................................... tons
Pears ............................................................................................................. tons
Plums (California) .......................................................................................... tons
Prunes (California) ......................................................................................... tons
Raspberries ..................................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Strawberries ........................................................................................... 1,000 cwt

66,150
5,922,500
36,500
109,000
69,700
8,350
625,680
644,000
81,300
226,800
168,600
27,820.0

Nuts and miscellaneous
Almonds, shelled (California) ........................................................... 1,000 pounds
Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ........................................................................... tons
Macadamias (Hawaii) ....................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Pecans, in-shell ................................................................................ 1,000 pounds
Pistachios (California) ...................................................................... 1,000 pounds
Walnuts, in-shell (California) .......................................................................... tons

2,565,000
77,500
37,700
277,700
882,000
752,000

341
988
2,558
863

371,000
203.0

2,500,000

Production years are 2021-2022 and 2022-2023.

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units – United States: 2022 and 2023
[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2023 crop year,
except citrus which is for the 2022-2023 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop

Production
2022

2023

(metric tons)

Citrus 1
Grapefruit .............................................................................................................
Lemons ................................................................................................................
Oranges ................................................................................................................
Tangerines and mandarins ...................................................................................

339,290
959,800
3,108,010
667,690

Noncitrus
Apples, commercial ..............................................................................................
Apricots ................................................................................................................
Avocados ..............................................................................................................
Blueberries, Cultivated ..........................................................................................
Blueberries, Wild (Maine) ......................................................................................
Cherries, Sweet ....................................................................................................
Cherries, Tart ........................................................................................................
Coffee (Hawaii) .....................................................................................................
Cranberries ...........................................................................................................

4,429,330
26,890
142,340
281,950
35,200
210,190
110,770
11,650
365,500

Dates ....................................................................................................................
Grapes .................................................................................................................
Kiwifruit (California) ...............................................................................................
Nectarines (California) ..........................................................................................
Olives (California) .................................................................................................
Papayas (Hawaii) .................................................................................................
Peaches ...............................................................................................................
Pears ....................................................................................................................
Plums (California) .................................................................................................
Prunes (California) ................................................................................................
Raspberries ..........................................................................................................
Strawberries .........................................................................................................

60,010
5,372,800
33,110
98,880
63,230
3,790
567,610
584,230
73,750
205,750
76,480
1,261,890

Nuts and miscellaneous
Almonds, shelled (California) ................................................................................
Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) .................................................................................
Macadamias (Hawaii) ...........................................................................................
Pecans, in-shell ....................................................................................................
Pistachios (California) ...........................................................................................
Walnuts, in-shell (California) .................................................................................

1,163,460
70,310
17,100
125,960
400,070
682,200

309,350
896,300
2,320,580
782,900

336,570
92,080

1,133,980

Production years are 2021-2022 and 2022-2023.

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Winter Wheat for Grain Objective Yield Data
The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 10 winter wheat-producing States
during 2023. Randomly selected plots in winter wheat for grain fields are visited monthly from May through harvest to
obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are based on counts from this survey.
Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab – United States: 2019-2023
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Year

June

July

August

Mature 1

(percent)
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
1

...................................
...................................
...................................
...................................
...................................

(percent)
8
14
7
14
9

(percent)
50
64
64
64

89
92
97
91

Includes winter wheat in the hard dough stage or beyond and are considered mature or almost mature.

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

May Weather Summary
During May, atmospheric blocking resulted in unusual warmth across the North, especially from the Pacific Northwest
into the Upper Midwest. In fact, it was the warmest May on record in some Pacific Northwestern locations, fueled by an
early-season heat wave peaking from May 11-20. Monthly temperatures averaged at least 5°F above normal as far east as
Minnesota. In contrast, cooler-than-normal conditions dominated the East, particularly the middle Atlantic States.
The same blocking high-pressure system responsible for the Northern warmth contributed to record-shattering dryness in
parts of the Midwest and Northeast. Monthly rainfall totaling less than one-quarter inch marked the lowest May values on
record in locations such as Omaha, Nebraska (0.17 inch), and Reading Pennsylvania (0.09 inch). By May 28, topsoil
moisture rated very short to short by USDA/NASS climbed to 80 percent in Pennsylvania and 78 percent in Maryland. On
the same date, topsoil moisture was rated at least 40 percent very short to short in all Midwestern States except Minnesota
and North Dakota, led by Michigan (68 percent) and Missouri (62 percent). The Northern warmth and dryness promoted a
rapid fieldwork pace, following earlier planting delays related to melting snow and low air and soil temperatures. For
example, nearly all the northern Plains’ sugarbeets were seeded in the 2-week period ending May 21, with North Dakota’s
planting progress advancing from 1 to 90 percent complete.
Meanwhile, copious rain fell on the High Plains from Montana to Texas, especially during the mid- to late-month period.
Borger, Texas, experienced its wettest month and May on record, with 9.70 inches—a value boosted by totals of at least
an inch on May 3, 14, 17, and 18. On the strength of the Plains’ rain, drought coverage in the contiguous United States fell
to 18.95 percent by May 30, down from 24.42 percent early in the month and 62.95 percent on October 25, 2022. Despite
the improvement, a core drought area persisted across much of Kansas, eastern Nebraska, and the northwestern half of
Oklahoma. According to the Drought Monitor, Kansas led the Nation on May 30 with nearly 57 percent of the state
experiencing extreme to exceptional drought (D3 to D4). Correspondingly, Kansas led the Nation on May 28 with
51 percent of its rangeland and pastures rated very poor to poor, followed by Nebraska at 43 percent. Additionally, latespring rainfall on the central and southern Plains largely arrived too late to benefit winter wheat. On May 28, more than
two-thirds (69 percent) of the winter wheat in Kansas was rated in very poor to poor condition, followed by Nebraska
(51 percent) and Texas (40 percent).
Farther west, recovery from a drought that lasted up to 3 years neared completion, aside from storage in larger reservoirs.
By May 30, only 17 percent of the 11-state Western region was experiencing drought, down from nearly 74 percent as
recently as early-November 2022. In California, runoff from earlier precipitation and melting snow led to ongoing
flooding in the normally dry Tulare Lake basin, idling agricultural land and flooding low-lying communities in portions of
the San Joaquin Valley. By the end of May, approximately one-third of the Sierra Nevada snowpack—containing more
than 20 inches of liquid equivalency—had not yet melted, portending additional challenges for Western water managers
contending with this year’s heavy runoff. Meanwhile along the Colorado River, the surface elevation of Lake Mead—
above Hoover Dam—rose to 1,054.28 feet by the end of May, up 13.36 feet from the end-of-month record low set on
July 31, 2022. Farther north, however, patchy short-term drought began to re-emerge during May across roughly the
northern one-third of the West, amid warmer-than-normal conditions. Some of the dryness was reflected by Oregon’s
statistics, which indicated that topsoil moisture was rated 60 percent very short to short by May 28. Elsewhere, much of
the Deep South received ample rain during May, maintaining generally favorable conditions for pastures and summer
crops. In fact, some previously dry areas, including Florida’s peninsula, received beneficial May rainfall.
May Agricultural Summary
Except for the Nation’s East and Southwest, May was warmer than average. Parts of the Upper Midwest,
Pacific Northwest, Northern Plains, and Northern Rockies recorded temperatures 6°F or more above normal. In contrast,
locations in Alabama, Southern Arizona, Southern California, and the Carolinas recorded temperatures 4°F or more below
normal. While most of the eastern half of the Nation remained drier than normal, at least twice the normal amount of
rainfall was recorded in parts of the Great Basin, Great Plains, and Southwest, as well as locations in Maine and the
Southeast. Locations in the Great Plains recorded 8 inches or more of rain for the month.
By May 7, producers had planted 49 percent of the Nation’s corn crop, 28 percentage points ahead of last year and
7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Twelve percent of the Nation’s corn acreage had emerged by May 7,
24

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

seven percentage points ahead of the previous year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. By May 21,
producers had planted 81 percent of the Nation’s corn crop, 12 percentage points ahead of last year and 6 percentage
points ahead of the 5-year average. Fifty-two percent of the Nation’s corn acreage had emerged by May 21,
seventeen percentage points ahead of the previous year and 7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 4,
producers had planted 96 percent of the Nation’s corn crop, 3 percentage points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points
ahead of the 5-year average. At that time, corn planting progress was equal to or ahead of the 5-year average in 17 of the
18 estimating States. Eighty-five percent of the Nation’s corn acreage had emerged by June 4, nine percentage points
ahead of the previous year and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On June 4, sixty-four percent of the
Nation’s corn acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 9 percentage points below the same time last year.
Thirty-five percent of the Nation’s soybean acreage was planted by May 7, twenty-four percentage points ahead of last
year and 14 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nine percent of the Nation’s soybean acreage had emerged by
May 7, six percentage points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Sixty-six percent of
the Nation’s soybean acreage was planted by May 21, nineteen percentage points ahead of last year and 14 percentage
points ahead of the 5-year average. Thirty-six percent of the Nation’s soybean acreage had emerged by May 21,
seventeen percentage points ahead of last year and 12 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Ninety-one percent
of the Nation’s soybean acreage was planted by June 4, fifteen percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year
average. At that time, soybean planting progress was ahead of the 5-year average in all 18 estimating States.
Seventy-four percent of the Nation’s soybean acreage had emerged by June 4, twenty percentage points ahead of last year
and 18 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On June 4, sixty-two percent of the Nation’s soybean acreage was
rated in good to excellent condition.
By May 7, thirty-eight percent of the Nation’s winter wheat crop was headed, 6 percentage points ahead of last year and
3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 21, sixty-one percent of the Nation’s winter wheat crop was
headed, equal to both last year and the 5-year average. By June 4, eighty-two percent of the Nation’s winter wheat crop
was headed, 4 percentage points ahead of the previous year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average.
Four percent of the 2023 winter wheat acreage had been harvested by June 4, one percentage point behind last year but
equal to the 5-year average. On June 4, thirty-six percent of the 2023 winter wheat crop was reported in good to excellent
condition, 6 percentage points above the same time last year.
Nationwide, 22 percent of the cotton crop was planted by May 7, one percentage point behind both the previous year and
the 5-year average. Nationwide, 45 percent of the cotton crop was planted by May 21, seven percentage points behind the
previous year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Nationwide, 71 percent of the cotton crop was planted
by June 4, eleven percentage points behind the previous year and 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average.
Six percent of the Nation’s cotton acreage had reached the squaring stage by June 4, four percentage points behind both
last year and the 5-year average. On June 4, fifty-one percent of the 2023 cotton acreage was rated in good to excellent
condition, 3 percentage points above the same time last year.
Twenty-four percent of the Nation’s sorghum acreage was planted by May 7, two percentage points ahead of the previous
year but equal to the 5-year average. Thirty-three percent of the Nation’s sorghum acreage was planted by May 21,
one percentage point ahead of the previous year but equal to the 5-year average. Forty-nine percent of the Nation’s
sorghum acreage was planted by June 4, five percentage points behind the previous year and 4 percentage points behind
the 5-year average. Texas had planted 85 percent of its sorghum acreage by June 4, equal to the previous year but
3 percentage points behind the 5-year average.
By May 7, producers had seeded 72 percent of the 2023 rice acreage, 9 percentage points ahead of both the previous year
and the 5-year average. By May 7, fifty-five percent of the Nation’s rice acreage had emerged, 20 percentage points ahead
of last year and 14 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 21, producers had seeded 90 percent of the
2023 rice acreage, 1 percentage point ahead of the previous year and 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By
May 21, seventy-six percent of the Nation’s rice acreage had emerged, 12 percentage points ahead of last year and
10 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 4, eighty-eight percent of the Nation’s rice acreage had
emerged, equal to last year but 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. On June 4, seventy percent of the Nation’s
rice acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 2 percentage points below the same time last year.

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Nationally, oat producers had seeded 60 percent of this year’s acreage by May 7, six percentage points ahead of the
previous year but 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Forty-two percent of the Nation’s oat acreage was
emerged by May 7, seven percentage points ahead of the previous year but 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average.
Nationally, oat producers had seeded 82 percent of this year’s acreage by May 21, six percentage points ahead of the
previous year but 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Sixty-five percent of the Nation’s oat acreage had
emerged by May 21, nine percentage points ahead of the previous year but 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average.
Nationally, oat producers had seeded 97 percent of this year’s acreage by June 4, four percentage points ahead of the
previous year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. Eighty-six percent of the Nation’s oat acreage had
emerged by June 4, seven percentage points ahead of the previous year but equal to the 5-year average. Thirty-two percent
of the Nation’s oat acreage had headed by June 4, seven percentage points ahead of last year and 2 percentage points
ahead of the 5-year average. On June 4, fifty-seven percent of the Nation’s oat acreage was rated in good to excellent
condition, 2 percentage points above the same time last year.
Thirty-eight percent of the Nation’s barley crop was planted by May 7, eight percentage points behind last year and
12 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Eleven percent of the Nation’s barley crop had emerged by May 7,
nine percentage points behind the previous year and 8 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Seventy percent of the
Nation’s barley crop was planted by May 21, equal to last year but 10 percentage points behind the 5-year average.
Thirty-three percent of the Nation’s barley crop had emerged by May 21, twelve percentage points behind the previous
year and 17 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Ninety-two percent of the Nation’s barley crop was planted by
June 4, two percentage points ahead of last year but 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Seventy-two percent
of the Nation’s barley crop had emerged by June 4, one percentage point ahead of the previous year but 8 percentage
points behind the 5-year average. On June 4, sixty-five percent of the Nation’s barley acreage was rated in good to
excellent condition, 19 percentage points above the same time last year.
By May 7, twenty-four percent of the spring wheat crop was seeded, 2 percentage points behind last year and
14 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By May 7, five percent of the Nation’s spring wheat crop had emerged,
3 percentage points behind the previous year and 6 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By May 21,
sixty-four percent of the spring wheat crop was seeded, 16 percentage points ahead of last year but 9 percentage points
behind the 5-year average. By May 21, thirty-two percent of the Nation’s spring wheat crop had emerged, 5 percentage
points ahead of the previous year but 8 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By June 4, ninety-three percent of the
spring wheat crop was seeded, 12 percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. By June 4,
seventy-six percent of the Nation’s spring wheat crop had emerged, 23 percentage points ahead of the previous year and
2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On June 4, sixty-four percent of the Nation’s spring wheat was rated in
good to excellent condition.
Nationally, peanut producers had planted 17 percent of the 2023 peanut acreage by May 7, six percentage points behind
both the previous year and the 5-year average. Nationally, peanut producers had planted 55 percent of the 2023 peanut
acreage by May 21, seven percentage points behind last year and 6 percentage points behind the 5-year average.
Nationally, peanut producers had planted 85 percent of the 2023 peanut acreage by June 4, two percentage points behind
last year but equal to the 5-year average. Advances of 10 percentage points or more were reported in all 8 estimating
States. On June 4, seventy-two percent of the Nation’s peanut acreage was rated in good to excellent condition,
1 percentage point below the same time last year.
By May 7, forty-one percent of the sugarbeet crop was planted, 16 percentage points ahead of last year but 15 percentage
points behind the 5-year average. By May 21, ninety-five percent of the sugarbeet crop was planted, 47 percentage points
ahead of last year and 11 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Planting progress in North Dakota and Minnesota
advanced by 30 percent and 19 percent respectively.
Five percent of the Nation’s intended 2023 sunflower acreage was planted by May 21, one percentage point ahead of last
year but 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Forty percent of the Nation’s intended 2023 sunflower acreage
was planted by June 4, nine percentage points ahead of last year but 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average.
Advances of 10 percentage points or more were reported in all 4 estimating States.

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Comments
Winter wheat: Production is forecast at 1.14 billion bushels, up 1 percent from the May 1 forecast and up 3 percent from
2022. As of June 1, the United States yield is forecast at 44.9 bushels per acre, up 0.2 bushel from last month but down
2.1 bushels from last year’s average yield of 47.0 bushels per acre. Dry conditions through the Central Plains have
hampered yield potential. As of June 4, thirty-six percent of the winter wheat acreage in the 18 major producing States
was rated in good to excellent condition, six percentage points higher than at the same time last year. Nationally,
82 percent of the winter wheat crop was headed by June 4, one percentage point ahead of the 5-year average pace.
Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the six Hard Red Winter States (Colorado, Kansas, Montana,
Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Texas) are below last year’s final head count in Kansas, Nebraska, and Oklahoma, but are
above last year’s in Colorado, Montana, and Texas. As of June 4, the winter wheat crop in Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas
was rated in good to excellent condition at 12 percent, 37 percent, and 29 percent, respectively. In Texas, winter wheat
harvest was 29 percent complete, 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average pace.
Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the three Soft Red Winter States (Illinois, Missouri, and Ohio)
are below last year’s final head count in Illinois and Missouri but are above last year’s in Ohio. As of June 4, the winter
wheat crop in Illinois, Missouri, and Ohio was rated in good to excellent condition at 65 percent, 57 percent, and
64 percent, respectively.
Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in Washington are below last year’s final head count. As of
June 4, the winter wheat crop in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington was rated in good to excellent condition at 55 percent,
42 percent, and 63 percent, respectively.
Durum wheat: Production of Durum wheat in Arizona and California is forecast at a collective 6.30 million bushels,
down 1 percent from last month and down 53 percent from last year.
Grapefruit: The United States 2022-2023 grapefruit crop is forecast at 341,000 tons, virtually unchanged from the
previous forecast but down 9 percent from last season’s final utilization. The Florida forecast, at 1.82 million boxes
(77,000 tons), is up 1 percent from previous forecast but down 45 percent from the last season. California and Texas
grapefruit production forecasts were carried forward from the previous forecast.
Tangerines and mandarins: The United States tangerine and mandarin crop is forecast at 863,000 tons, down slightly
from the previous forecast but up 17 percent from the last season’s final utilization. The Florida tangerine and mandarin
forecast, at 490,000 boxes (23,000 tons), is down 2 percent from the previous forecast and down 35 percent from last
season. The California tangerine and mandarin forecast was carried forward from the previous forecast.
Hops: United States hop acreage strung for harvest in 2023 is forecast at 54,718 acres, down 8 percent from last year’s
total of 59,785 acres. In Washington, the largest acreage State, 38,993 acres were strung for harvest, down 9 percent from
the previous season. In Idaho, area strung for harvest was 8,832 acres, down 5 percent from 2022. Oregon hop growers
strung 6,893 acres for harvest this season, down 11 percent compared to 7,756 acres last season.
Cherries, Tart: United States tart cherry total production for 2023 is forecast at 203 million pounds, down 17 percent
from the 2022 production. In Michigan, the largest producing State, a mild winter was followed by periods of cold
weather from mid-April to early-May, with some reports of frost damage. Warmer weather in the last half of May pushed
tart cherry development and pollination activity increased. In Utah, as of the week ending May 28, bloom was 95 percent
complete compared with 79 percent for the previous year.
Cherries, Sweet: United States sweet cherry total production for 2023 is forecast at 371,000 tons, up 60 percent from
2022. In Washington, the largest producing State, growing conditions were ideal, with temperatures in the low 40’s to
mid-80’s. In California, a long-wet winter was followed by a cool spring that slowed crop growth. This delayed the start
of the harvesting season. Ample rain helped replenish soil moisture for orchards, which aided production. In Oregon, an
early spring freeze had no impact on the crop. Warm weather created ideal growing conditions throughout the growing
season.
Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Maple syrup: The 2023 United States maple syrup production totaled 4.18 million gallons, down 15 percent from the
previous season. The number of taps totaled 13.4 million, down 4 percent from the 2022 total. Yield per tap was
0.311 gallon, down 0.042 gallon from the previous season.
The 2022 United States average price per gallon was $34.70, down $1.20 from 2021. Value of production, at $172 million
for 2022, was up 28 percent from the 2021 season.

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Statistical Methodology
Wheat survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between May 25 and June 6 to
gather information on expected yield as of June 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in 10 States that accounted
for about 65 percent of the 2022 winter wheat production. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported
acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made
within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. Counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and
number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that will be harvested. The counts are used with
similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to
obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the heads are clipped, threshed, and
weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting
loss.
The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet, and personal interview.
Approximately 3,100 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about the probable yield
on their operation. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of
average yields.
Orange survey procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the June 1 forecast was conducted in Florida. In
August and September last year, the number of bearing trees and the number of fruit per tree was determined. In August
and subsequent months, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage surveys are conducted, which combined with the
previous components are used to develop the current forecast of production. California and Texas conduct grower surveys
on a quarterly basis in October, January, April, and July. California also conducts objective measurement surveys in
September for Navel oranges and in March for Valencia oranges.
Wheat estimating procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for
reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather
patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each Regional Field Office submits their
analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State
analyses to prepare the published June 1 forecasts.
Orange estimating procedures: State level objective yield indications for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors,
reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The Florida Field Office submits its analysis of the current
situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the Florida survey data and their analysis to prepare
the published June 1 forecast. The June 1 orange production forecasts for California and Texas are carried forward from
April.
Revision policy: The June 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month
throughout the growing season. End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the wheat marketing
season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks.
Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. End-of-season
orange estimates will be published in the Citrus Fruits Summary released in August. The orange production estimates are
based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from marketing orders, shipments,
and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use.
Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the June 1 production forecast, the “Root Mean Square Error,” a
statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the June 1 production forecast and the
final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage deviations for the
latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the “Root Mean Square Error.”
Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final
end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent
years.

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

The “Root Mean Square Error” for the June 1 winter wheat production forecast is 4.9 percent. This means that chances are
2 out of 3 that the current winter wheat production will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 4.9 percent.
Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 8.4 percent.
Also shown in the following table is a 20-year record for selected crops of the differences between the June 1 forecast and
the final estimate. Using winter wheat again as an example, changes between the June 1 forecast and final estimate during
the last 20 years have averaged 58 million bushels, ranging from 4 million to 166 million bushels. The June 1 forecast has
been below the final estimate 9 times and above 11 times. This does not imply that the June 1 winter wheat forecast this
year is likely to understate or overstate final production.
Reliability of June 1 Crop Production Forecasts
[Based on data for the past twenty years]

Crop

Root mean
square error

(percent)
1

Oranges ................................................. tons
Wheat
Winter wheat .................................. bushels
1

Difference between forecast
and final estimate

90 percent
confidence
interval
(percent)

Production

Years

Average

Smallest

Largest

Below
final

Above
final

(millions)

(number)

3.7

6.4

140

473

4.9

8.4

166

Quantity is in thousands of units.

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Information Contacts
Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact
for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to [email protected]
Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch ....................................................................................................... (202) 720-2127
Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section ......................................................................................... (202) 720-2127
Irwin Anolik – Crop Progress and Condition .................................................................................. (202) 720-7621
Joshua Bates – Hemp, Oats, Soybeans............................................................................................. (202) 690-3234
Natasha Bruton – Barley, Cotton System Consumption and Stocks, Grain Crushings ................... (202) 690-1042
David Colwell – Fats and Oils, Flour Milling Products................................................................... (202) 720-8800
Michelle Harder – County Estimates, Hay ...................................................................................... (202) 690-8533
James Johanson – Rye, Wheat ......................................................................................................... (202) 720-8068
Chris Hawthorn – Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet .............................................................................. (202) 720-2127
Becky Sommer – Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum ..................................................................... (202) 720-5944
Travis Thorson – Sunflower, Other Oilseeds ................................................................................... (202) 720-7369
Lihan Wei – Peanuts, Rice ............................................................................................................... (202) 720-7688
Fleming Gibson, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section ................................................ (202) 720-2127
Deonne Holiday – Almonds, Asparagus, Carrots, Coffee, Cranberries, Onions,
Plums, Prunes, Sweet Corn, Tobacco ........................................................................................ (202) 720-4288
Robert Little – Apricots, Dry Beans, Lettuce, Macadamia, Maple Syrup,
Nectarines, Pears, Snap Beans, Spinach, Tomatoes .................................................................. (202) 720-3250
Krishna Rizal – Artichokes, Cauliflower, Celery, Garlic, Grapefruit, Kiwifruit,
Lemons, Mandarins and tangerines, Mint, Mushrooms, Olives,
Oranges, Pistachios.................................................................................................................... (202) 720-5412
Chris Singh – Apples, Blueberries, Cucumbers, Hazelnuts, Potatoes, Pumpkins,
Raspberries, Squash, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes ............................ (202) 720-4285
Antonio Torres – Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Green Peas, Honeydews, Lentils,
Papayas, Peaches, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Walnuts, Watermelons ............................... (202) 720-2157
Chris Wallace – Avocados, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cabbage, Chickpeas,
Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Grapes, Hops, Pecans ........................................................ (202) 720-4215

Crop Production (June 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Access to NASS Reports
For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways:
➢ All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov.
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subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on “National” or “State” in upper right corner above “search”
box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive.
➢ Cornell’s Mann Library has launched a new website housing NASS’s and other agency’s archived reports. The
new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. All email subscriptions containing reports will be sent from the new
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For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540,
7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: [email protected].
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for
employment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where
applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's
income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic information in employment or in any program
or activity conducted or funded by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs and/or
employment activities.)
If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination, complete the USDA Program Discrimination
Complaint Form (PDF), found online at www.ascr.usda.gov/filing-program-discrimination-complaint-usda-customer, or
at any USDA office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may also write a letter containing all of the
information requested in the form. Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Director, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax
(202) 690-7442 or email at [email protected].

File Type	application/pdf
File Title	Crop Production 06/09/2023
Author	USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
File Modified	2023-06-09
File Created	2023-06-09