Citrus Fruits Annual Summary

United States
Department of
Agriculture
National
Agricultural
Statistics
Service

Citrus Fruits
2023 Summary
August 2023

ISSN: 1948-9048

Contents
Utilized Citrus Production – United States Chart ................................................................................................................... 5
Citrus Value of Production – United States Chart .................................................................................................................. 5
Citrus Narrative ....................................................................................................................................................................... 6
Citrus Acreage, Production, Utilization, and Value – States and United States: 2020-2021, 2021-2022,
and 2022-2023 ........................................................................................................................................................................ 7
Citrus Acreage, Production, Utilization, and Value by Crop – United States: 2020-2021, 2021-2022,
and 2022-2023 ........................................................................................................................................................................ 8
Orange Acreage, Yield, Utilization, Price, and Value by Type – States and United States: 2020-2021,
2021-2022, and 2022-2023 ..................................................................................................................................................... 9
Bearing Acres of Oranges – United States Chart .................................................................................................................. 11
Utilized Orange Production – United States Chart ............................................................................................................... 11
Grapefruit Acreage, Yield, Utilization, Price, and Value by Type – States and United States: 2020-2021,
2021-2022, and 2022-2023 ................................................................................................................................................... 12
Lemon, Tangerine and Mandarin Acreage, Yield, Utilization, Price, and Value – States and United States:
2020-2021, 2021-2022, and 2022-2023 ................................................................................................................................ 13
Citrus Prices Narrative .......................................................................................................................................................... 14
Orange Average Prices and Equivalent Returns by Season – United States: 2021-2022 and 2022-2023 ............................ 15
Grapefruit Average Prices and Equivalent Returns by Season – United States: 2021-2022 and 2022-2023 ....................... 16
Lemon Average Prices and Equivalent Returns by Season – United States: 2021-2022 and 2022-2023............................. 17
Marketing Year Average Prices Received for Oranges – States and United States: 2021-2022 and 2022-2023 ................. 18
Marketing Year Average Prices Received for Grapefruit – States and United States: 2021-2022 and 2022-2023 .............. 19
Marketing Year Average Prices Received for Lemons, Tangerines and Mandarins – States and United States:
2021-2022 and 2022-2023 .................................................................................................................................................... 20
Terms and Definitions........................................................................................................................................................... 21
Marketing Year Average Prices and Value of Production .................................................................................................... 21
Box Weights by Crop - States: 2020-2021, 2021-2022, and 2022-2023 .............................................................................. 22
Marketing Seasons ................................................................................................................................................................ 23
Statistical Methodology ........................................................................................................................................................ 23
Information Contacts ............................................................................................................................................................ 24

Citrus Fruits 2023 Summary (August 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

3

4

Citrus Fruits 2023 Summary (August 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Utilized Citrus Production – United States
Million tons

12

9

6

3

0
2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2020

2021

2022

2023

Citrus Value of Production – United States
Billion dollars
(PHD equivalents)

4

3

2

1

0
2013

2014

2015

Citrus Fruits 2023 Summary (August 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

2016

2017

2018

2019

5

Citrus Utilized Production Down 12 Percent, Value Down 13 Percent
Citrus utilized production for the 2022-23 season totaled 4.90 million tons, down 12 percent from the 2021-22 season.
California accounted for 79 percent of total United States citrus production; Florida totaled 17 percent, and Texas and
Arizona produced the remaining 4 percent.
California's utilized citrus production, increased 13 percent from the 2021-22 season. California's all orange production, at
43.2 million boxes, is 10 percent higher than the previous season. Tangerine and mandarin production in California is up
35 percent from last season. California's lemon production was increased 5 percent from the previous season. Grapefruit
production is down 2 percent from the 2021-22 season.
Florida's orange production, at 15.8 million boxes, is down 62 percent from the previous season. Grapefruit utilization in
Florida, at 1.81 million boxes, is down 46 percent from last season's utilization. Florida's total citrus utilization decreased
60 percent from the previous season. Bearing citrus acreage, at 298,400 acres, is 41,800 acres below the 2021-22 season.
Utilized production of citrus in Texas is up 82 percent from the 2021-22 season. Orange production is up significantly
from the previous season and grapefruit production increased 32 percent. Arizona's lemon production is up 12 percent.
The value of the 2022-23 United States citrus crop decreased 13 percent from last season, to $2.58 billion (packinghousedoor equivalent). Orange value of production decreased 36 percent from last season and grapefruit value is up 8 percent.
Tangerine and mandarin value of production is 14 percent higher than last season and lemon value of production is up
5 percent.
Overall comparisons discussed above are based on similar fruit types. The revised production and utilization estimates are
based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from marketing orders, shipments,
and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use. Estimates for the 2022-23
California Valencia oranges and grapefruit are preliminary, since the marketing season is not complete at publication
time. Revisions to the utilized production estimates for all citrus for the 2022-23 season will be published in the April
2024 Crop Production.

6

Citrus Fruits 2023 Summary (August 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Citrus Acreage, Production, Utilization, and Value – States and United States: 2020-2021, 2021-2022,
and 2022-2023
State and season

Production 1

Bearing
acreage

Total

(acres)

(1,000 tons)

Value of
production 2

Utilization
Fresh

Processed

(1,000 tons)

(1,000 tons)

(1,000 dollars)

Arizona
2020-2021 ............................
2021-2022 ............................
2022-2023 ............................

7,000
6,700
6,400

30
50
56

24
34
39

6
16
17

20,931
31,517
31,909

California
2020-2021 ............................
2021-2022 ............................
2022-2023 ............................

266,900
266,100
267,000

4,136
3,436
3,896

3,056
2,496
2,812

1,080
940
1,084

2,463,888
2,237,396
2,215,213

Florida
2020-2021 ............................
2021-2022 ............................
2022-2023 ............................

369,500
340,200
298,400

2,599
2,032
811

259
219
133

2,339
1,813
677

802,751
671,940
263,021

Texas
2020-2021 ............................
2021-2022 ............................
2022-2023 ............................

22,800
18,000
16,400

141
76
138

92
38
86

49
38
51

67,471
37,714
66,374

United States
2020-2021 ............................
2021-2022 ............................
2022-2023 ............................

666,200
631,000
588,200

6,906
5,594
4,901

3,431
2,787
3,070

3,474
2,807
1,829

3,355,041
2,978,567
2,576,517

1
2

Some totals may not add due to rounding.
Packinghouse-door equivalents.

Citrus Fruits 2023 Summary (August 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

7

Citrus Acreage, Production, Utilization, and Value by Crop – United States: 2020-2021, 2021-2022,
and 2022-2023
Crop and season

Production 1

Bearing
acreage

Total

(acres)

(1,000 tons)

Utilization
Fresh

Processed

(1,000 tons)

(1,000 tons)

Value of
production 2
(1,000 dollars)

Oranges
Early, midseason, and Navel
2020-2021 .......................................................
2021-2022 .......................................................
2022-2023 .......................................................

259,500
241,400
220,300

2,717
2,088
1,761

1,338
1,120
1,188

1,378
968
572

1,057,805
1,011,499
743,485

Valencia
2020-2021 .......................................................
2021-2022 .......................................................
2022-2023 .......................................................

232,200
219,700
199,900

1,671
1,338
726

295
279
255

1,376
1,059
470

553,947
517,915
241,308

All oranges
2020-2021 .......................................................
2021-2022 .......................................................
2022-2023 .......................................................

491,700
461,100
420,200

4,388
3,426
2,487

1,633
1,399
1,443

2,754
2,027
1,042

1,611,752
1,529,414
984,793

Grapefruit 3
2020-2021 ...........................................................
2021-2022 ...........................................................
2022-2023 ...........................................................

42,700
37,000
32,600

438
374
327

286
179
208

152
195
119

231,672
157,715
169,921

Lemons
2020-2021 ...........................................................
2021-2022 ...........................................................
2022-2023 ...........................................................

57,000
57,700
59,400

886
1,058
1,116

712
686
743

174
372
373

661,623
586,304
614,928

Tangerines and mandarins 4
2020-2021 ...........................................................
2021-2022 ...........................................................
2022-2023 ...........................................................

74,800
75,200
76,000

1,194
736
971

800
523
676

394
213
295

849,994
705,134
806,875

1

Some totals may not add due to rounding.
Packinghouse-door equivalents.
3
Includes pummelos in California.
4
Includes tangelos.
2

8

Citrus Fruits 2023 Summary (August 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Orange Acreage, Yield, Utilization, Price, and Value by Type – States and United States: 2020-2021,
2021-2022, and 2022-2023
[See Statistical Methodology for net weight per box and price per box calculations]
State, type,
and season

Bearing
acreage

Yield
per
acre

(acres)

(boxes)

Price per box 1

Utilization of production

Value of production

Total

Fresh

Processed

All

Fresh

Processed

Total

Fresh

Processed

(1,000
boxes)

(1,000
boxes)

(1,000
boxes)

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

(1,000
dollars)

(1,000
dollars)

(1,000
dollars)

California
Navel and
miscellaneous
2020-2021 ........
2021-2022 ........
2022-2023 ........

115,000
112,000
111,000

359
281
329

41,300
31,500
36,500

30,900
26,400
28,400

10,400
5,100
8,100

18.40
24.25
18.23

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

760,051
763,929
665,145

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

Valencia
2020-2021 ........
2021-2022 ........
2022-2023 ........

26,000
26,000
25,000

296
292
268

7,700
7,600
6,700

5,400
5,500
5,000

2,300
2,100
1,700

15.77
24.18
16.05

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

121,438
183,820
107,559

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

2020-2021 ........
2021-2022 ........
2022-2023 ........

141,000
138,000
136,000

348
283
318

49,000
39,100
43,200

36,300
31,900
33,400

12,700
7,200
9,800

17.99
24.24
17.89

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

881,489
947,749
772,704

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

Florida
Non-Valencia
2020-2021 ........
2021-2022 ........
2022-2023 ........

138,700
125,400
105,700

164
146
58

22,700
18,250
6,150

1,538
1,334
741

21,162
16,916
5,409

12.18
13.38
11.92

18.81
18.37
21.84

11.70
12.99
10.56

276,525
244,245
73,302

28,930
24,506
16,183

247,595
219,739
57,119

Valencia
2020-2021 ........
2021-2022 ........
2022-2023 ........

204,200
191,700
172,600

148
120
56

30,250
22,950
9,650

1,732
1,279
871

28,518
21,671
8,779

14.29
14.53
12.85

18.94
19.76
20.41

14.00
14.23
12.10

432,056
333,651
124,003

32,804
25,273
17,777

399,252
308,378
106,226

342,900
317,100
278,300

155
130
57

52,950
41,200
15,800

3,270
2,613
1,612

49,680
38,587
14,188

13.38
14.03
12.49

18.88
19.05
21.07

13.02
13.69
11.51

708,581
577,896
197,305

61,734
49,779
33,960

646,847
528,117
163,345

All

All
2020-2021 ........
2021-2022 ........
2022-2023 ........

See footnote(s) at end of table.

Citrus Fruits 2023 Summary (August 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

--continued

9

Orange Acreage, Yield, Utilization, Price, and Value by Type – States and United States: 2020-2021,
2021-2022, and 2022-2023 (continued)
[See Statistical Methodology for net weight per box and price per box calculations]
State, type,
and season

Bearing
acreage

Yield
per
acre

(acres)

(boxes)

Price per box 1

Utilization of production

Value of production

Total

Fresh

Processed

All

Fresh

Processed

Total

Fresh

Processed

(1,000
boxes)

(1,000
boxes)

(1,000
boxes)

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

(1,000
dollars)

(1,000
dollars)

(1,000
dollars)

Texas
Early and
midseason
2020-2021 .........
2021-2022 .........
2022-2023 .........

5,800
4,000
3,600

173
43
158

1,000
170
570

776
96
455

224
74
115

21.23
19.56
8.84

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

21,229
3,325
5,038

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

Valencia
2020-2021 .........
2021-2022 .........
2022-2023 .........

2,000
2,000
2,300

25
15
243

50
30
560

17
19
387

33
11
173

9.06
14.80
17.41

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

453
444
9,746

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

2020-2021 .........
2021-2022 .........
2022-2023 .........

7,800
6,000
5,900

135
33
192

1,050
200
1,130

793
115
842

257
85
288

20.65
18.85
13.08

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

21,682
3,769
14,784

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

United States
Early, midseason,
and Navel
2020-2021 .........
2021-2022 .........
2022-2023 .........

259,500
241,400
220,300

250
207
196

65,000
49,920
43,220

33,214
27,830
29,596

31,786
22,090
13,624

16.27
20.26
17.20

24.33
28.41
22.73

7.85
10.00
5.19

1,057,805
1,011,499
743,485

808,221
790,615
672,727

249,584
220,884
70,758

Valencia
2020-2021 .........
2021-2022 .........
2022-2023 .........

232,200
219,700
199,900

164
139
85

38,000
30,580
16,910

7,149
6,798
6,258

30,851
23,782
10,652

14.58
16.94
14.27

20.75
29.32
20.22

13.15
13.40
10.77

553,947
517,915
241,308

148,360
199,326
126,561

405,587
318,589
114,747

491,700
461,100
420,200

209
175
143

103,000
80,500
60,130

40,363
34,628
35,854

62,637
45,872
24,276

15.65
19.00
16.38

23.70
28.59
22.29

10.46
11.76
7.64

1,611,752
1,529,414
984,793

956,581
989,941
799,288

655,171
539,473
185,505

All

All
2020-2021 .........
2021-2022 .........
2022-2023 .........

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
1
Equivalent packinghouse-door returns.

10

Citrus Fruits 2023 Summary (August 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Bearing Acres of Oranges – United States
Thousand acres
640
600
560
520
480
440
400
2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2020

2021

2022

2023

Utilized Orange Production – United States
Million tons
9

6

3

0
2013

2014

2015

Citrus Fruits 2023 Summary (August 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

2016

2017

2018

2019

2023

11

Grapefruit Acreage, Yield, Utilization, Price, and Value by Type – States and United States: 2020-2021,
2021-2022, and 2022-2023
[See Statistical Methodology for net weight per box and price per box calculations]
State, type,
and season

Bearing
acreage
(acres)

Yield
per
acre
(boxes)

Price per box 1

Utilization of production
Total

Fresh

Processed

(1,000
boxes)

(1,000
boxes)

(1,000
boxes)

All

Fresh

(dollars)

(dollars)

Value of production

Processed

Total

Fresh

Processed

(dollars)

(1,000
dollars)

(1,000
dollars)

(1,000
dollars)

California 2
2020-2021 .............
2021-2022 .............
2022-2023 .............

8,900
9,100
9,000

472
450
444

4,200
4,100
4,000

3,600
1,700
2,800

600
2,400
1,200

27.09
13.02
17.91

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

113,802
53,360
71,624

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

Florida
2020-2021 .............
2021-2022 .............
2022-2023 .............

18,800
15,900
13,100

218
209
138

4,100
3,330
1,810

1,987
1,826
1,067

2,113
1,504
743

17.58
21.14
25.80

25.27
28.05
33.26

10.35
12.76
15.10

72,081
70,410
46,707

50,211
51,219
35,488

21,870
19,191
11,219

Texas
2020-2021 .............
2021-2022 .............
2022-2023 .............

15,000
12,000
10,500

160
142
214

2,400
1,700
2,250

1,450
830
1,277

950
870
973

19.08
19.97
22.93

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

45,789
33,945
51,590

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

United States 2
2020-2021 .............
2021-2022 .............
2022-2023 .............

42,700
37,000
32,600

251
247
247

10,700
9,130
8,060

7,037
4,356
5,144

3,663
4,774
2,916

21.65
17.27
21.08

29.53
31.00
29.98

6.52
4.75
5.39

231,672
157,715
169,921

207,772
135,044
154,205

23,900
22,671
15,716

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
1
Equivalent packinghouse-door returns.
2
Includes pummelos in California.

12

Citrus Fruits 2023 Summary (August 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Lemon, Tangerine and Mandarin Acreage, Yield, Utilization, Price, and Value – States and
United States: 2020-2021, 2021-2022, and 2022-2023
[See Statistical Methodology for net weight per box and price per box calculations]
Crop, State,
and season

Bearing
acreage

Yield
per
acre

(acres)

(boxes)

Price per box 1

Utilization of production

Value of production

Total

Fresh

Processed

All

Fresh

Processed

Total

Fresh

Processed

(1,000
boxes)

(1,000
boxes)

(1,000
boxes)

(dollars)

(dollars)

(dollars)

(1,000
dollars)

(1,000
dollars)

(1,000
dollars)

Lemons
Arizona
2020-2021 .........
2021-2022 .........
2022-2023 .........

7,000
6,700
6,400

107
187
219

750
1,250
1,400

588
849
974

162
401
426

27.91
25.21
22.80

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

20,931
31,517
31,909

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

California
2020-2021 .........
2021-2022 .........
2022-2023 .........

50,000
51,000
53,000

428
494
500

21,400
25,200
26,500

17,200
16,300
17,600

4,200
8,900
8,900

29.94
22.02
22.00

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

640,692
554,787
583,019

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

United States
2020-2021 .........
2021-2022 .........
2022-2023 .........

57,000
57,700
59,400

389
458
470

22,150
26,450
27,900

17,788
17,149
18,574

4,362
9,301
9,326

29.87
22.17
22.04

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

661,623
586,304
614,928

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

Tangerines
and mandarins 2
California
2020-2021 .........
2021-2022 .........
2022-2023 .........

67,000
68,000
69,000

430
257
344

28,800
17,500
23,700

19,300
12,500
16,500

9,500
5,000
7,200

28.75
38.94
33.24

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

827,905
681,500
787,866

(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)

Florida
2020-2021 .........
2021-2022 .........
2022-2023 .........

7,800
7,200
7,000

114
104
69

890
750
480

599
484
335

291
266
145

24.82
31.51
39.60

33.55
44.05
54.10

6.85
8.70
6.10

22,089
23,634
19,009

20,096
21,320
18,124

1,993
2,314
885

United States
2020-2021 .........
2021-2022 .........
2022-2023 .........

74,800
75,200
76,000

397
243
318

29,690
18,250
24,180

19,899
12,984
16,835

9,791
5,266
7,345

28.63
38.64
33.37

42.72
54.30
46.96

0.00
0.01
2.21

849,994
705,134
806,875

849,996
705,070
790,654

-2
64
16,221

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
1
Equivalent packinghouse-door returns.
2
Includes tangelos.

Citrus Fruits 2023 Summary (August 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

13

Citrus Prices
Revised State and United States monthly average prices and equivalent returns, and marketing year average prices for the
2021-22 and 2022-23 citrus crops are shown on the following pages. Revised monthly prices refer to all fruit sold in a
given month regardless of the crop year in which the fruit was harvested.
Marketing year average prices refer to the prices received by growers for the entire marketing season for any one crop
year. The crop year 2022-23 as shown on all citrus tables in this publication refers to the crop which bloomed in 2022 and
was marketed during the 2022-23 season. For example, the 2022-23 marketing year average price received by Florida
growers for grapefruit refers to marketings from September 2022 through June 2023. In some years the season may vary a
month or two, but a price was estimated only for those months with sufficient movement.
Monthly and marketing year average prices are weighted by box size at the United States level for oranges, grapefruit, and
tangerines and mandarins. See page 22 for approximate net contents per box at the State level.
Citrus prices are based on weighted average F.O.B. packed prices received for fresh fruit and weighted average prices
received at the processing plant door for processing fruit. Equivalent returns for fresh and processed fruits are calculated
at the packinghouse-door level and on-tree level by deducting hauling, picking, sorting, grading, packing, cooling,
marketing, and other costs from the two base prices. In some cases, this results in negative returns.

14

Citrus Fruits 2023 Summary (August 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Orange Average Prices and Equivalent Returns by Season – United States: 2021-2022 and 2022-2023
[Includes California, Florida, and Texas]
Season
and month

FOB
packed
fresh

Equivalent returns
Packinghouse door
All

Fresh

On-tree
Process

All

Fresh

Process

(dollars per box) (dollars per box) (dollars per box) (dollars per box) (dollars per box) (dollars per box) (dollars per box)
2021-2022
September .........................
October .............................
November ..........................
December ..........................
January .............................
February ............................
March ................................
April ...................................
May ...................................
June ..................................
July ....................................
August ...............................

32.80
36.30
36.60
36.30
37.50
39.30
39.10
39.70
41.90
44.00
41.90
42.50

15.51
21.03
21.24
15.01
15.57
18.43
17.54
17.95
20.86
24.69
22.40
22.05

22.27
25.48
25.84
25.54
26.89
28.64
27.95
29.11
31.32
33.44
31.27
31.77

(D)
(D)
4.91
9.44
9.72
10.03
10.39
10.77
9.29
(D)
(D)
(D)

12.49
18.00
18.21
11.95
12.51
15.37
14.47
14.87
17.80
21.66
19.36
19.04

19.33
22.48
22.84
22.57
23.91
25.66
24.97
26.14
28.35
30.46
28.31
28.83

(D)
(D)
1.79
6.35
6.62
6.89
7.25
7.62
6.14
(D)
(D)
(D)

2022-2023
September .........................
October .............................
November ..........................
December ..........................
January .............................
February ............................
March ................................
April ...................................
May ...................................
June ..................................
July ....................................

44.50
44.40
36.50
34.50
34.30
32.30
31.20
32.60
34.50
34.90
31.70

31.50
29.15
20.74
15.94
17.87
16.89
14.64
15.96
19.61
17.68
17.15

44.36
37.81
25.75
23.81
23.63
21.62
20.58
23.23
26.93
23.85
20.75

(D)
5.14
(D)
9.06
6.12
(D)
8.75
9.07
4.50
3.53
(D)

31.38
27.34
17.77
12.91
14.88
13.90
11.55
13.06
17.36
14.61
14.03

44.32
35.99
22.82
20.89
20.70
18.69
17.64
20.64
24.82
20.82
17.69

(D)
3.32
(D)
5.92
3.00
(D)
5.51
5.88
1.96
0.36
(D)

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.

Citrus Fruits 2023 Summary (August 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

15

Grapefruit Average Prices and Equivalent Returns by Season – United States: 2021-2022
and 2022-2023
[Includes pummelos in California. Includes California, Florida, and Texas]
Season
and month

FOB
packed
fresh

Equivalent returns
Packinghouse door
All

Fresh

On-tree
Process

All

Fresh

Process

(dollars per box) (dollars per box) (dollars per box) (dollars per box) (dollars per box) (dollars per box) (dollars per box)
2021-2022
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
January ....................
February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................
August .....................

(D)
(D)
47.20
43.90
43.20
41.50
40.10
42.00
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

29.30
28.49
22.04
19.16
18.04
15.65
13.86
19.61
10.37
22.18
16.36
15.25

(D)
(D)
35.18
31.90
31.23
29.20
28.02
33.05
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)
5.00
7.14
7.67
6.28
2.78
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

26.59
25.56
19.02
16.22
15.12
12.47
10.59
16.82
6.79
19.24
13.17
11.99

(D)
(D)
32.62
29.37
28.78
26.58
25.26
30.61
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
(D)
1.61
3.84
4.16
2.73
-0.44
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

2022-2023
September ...............
October ....................
November ................
December ................
January ....................
February ..................
March .......................
April .........................
May ..........................
June .........................
July ..........................

(D)
(D)
46.80
44.50
44.00
42.00
40.90
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

16.43
18.14
30.13
25.27
23.61
20.12
19.63
18.15
20.28
17.18
15.17

(D)
(D)
35.46
33.43
32.97
31.21
30.74
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
8.03
7.03
7.92
7.64
4.74
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

13.17
14.58
27.42
22.66
20.98
17.55
17.24
15.28
17.30
14.04
11.96

(D)
(D)
32.99
31.03
30.63
28.88
28.44
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

(D)
(D)
4.35
3.96
4.80
4.79
2.23
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.

16

Citrus Fruits 2023 Summary (August 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Lemon Average Prices and Equivalent Returns by Season – United States: 2021-2022 and 2022-2023
[Includes Arizona and California]
Season
and month

FOB
packed
fresh

Equivalent returns
Packinghouse door
All

Fresh

On-tree
Process

All

Fresh

Process

(dollars per box) (dollars per box) (dollars per box) (dollars per box) (dollars per box) (dollars per box) (dollars per box)
2021-2022
August .....................
September ...............
October ...................
November ................
December ................
January ...................
February ..................
March ......................
April .........................
May .........................
June ........................
July ..........................

52.40
51.00
48.20
45.50
46.20
44.10
44.30
43.10
38.70
39.40
40.10
40.30

32.44
35.28
32.42
29.00
26.32
24.64
19.26
20.46
19.06
18.18
17.90
15.27

41.76
40.36
37.55
34.90
35.59
33.44
33.68
32.45
28.06
28.76
29.46
29.66

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

25.87
28.56
25.72
22.35
19.81
18.13
13.00
14.09
12.63
11.84
11.60
9.06

34.84
33.44
30.63
27.98
28.67
26.52
26.76
25.53
21.14
21.84
22.54
22.74

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

2022-2023
August .....................
September ...............
October ...................
November ................
December ................
January ...................
February ..................
March ......................
April .........................
May .........................
June ........................
July ..........................

40.30
41.60
46.90
46.00
42.70
42.30
40.50
39.60
42.10
42.90
45.50
46.80

22.13
23.98
31.52
29.31
24.39
22.73
16.82
17.25
20.42
18.71
19.78
27.92

29.23
30.53
35.84
34.92
31.63
31.25
29.46
28.53
31.03
31.83
34.43
35.73

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

15.30
17.12
24.51
22.36
17.55
15.97
10.30
10.67
13.75
12.15
13.23
21.07

22.03
23.33
28.64
27.72
24.43
24.05
22.26
21.33
23.83
24.63
27.23
28.53

(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)
(D)

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.

Citrus Fruits 2023 Summary (August 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

17

Marketing Year Average Prices Received for Oranges – States and United States: 2021-2022
and 2022-2023
State, type,
and utilization

2021-2022

2022-2023

FOB
packed

Equiv.
PHD

Equiv.
on-tree

FOB
packed

Equiv.
PHD

Equiv.
on-tree

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

California
Navel and miscellaneous .............................................
Fresh .......................................................................
Processing ...............................................................
Valencia .......................................................................
Fresh .......................................................................
Processing ...............................................................
All ................................................................................
Fresh .......................................................................
Processing ...............................................................

(NA)
(D)
(NA)
(NA)
(D)
(NA)
(NA)
(D)
(NA)

24.25
(D)
(D)
24.18
(D)
(D)
24.24
(D)
(D)

21.28
(D)
(D)
21.19
(D)
(D)
21.26
(D)
(D)

(NA)
(D)
(NA)
(NA)
(D)
(NA)
(NA)
(D)
(NA)

18.23
(D)
(D)
16.05
(D)
(D)
17.89
(D)
(D)

15.12
(D)
(D)
12.94
(D)
(D)
14.78
(D)
(D)

Florida
Non-Valencia ...............................................................
Fresh .......................................................................
Processing ...............................................................
Valencia .......................................................................
Fresh .......................................................................
Processing ...............................................................
All ................................................................................
Fresh .......................................................................
Processing ...............................................................

(NA)
32.30
(NA)
(NA)
33.70
(NA)
(NA)
33.00
(NA)

13.38
18.37
12.99
14.53
19.76
14.23
14.03
19.05
13.69

9.65
14.87
9.24
10.74
16.01
10.43
10.26
15.43
9.91

(NA)
35.80
(NA)
(NA)
34.40
(NA)
(NA)
35.00
(NA)

11.92
21.84
10.56
12.85
20.41
12.10
12.49
21.07
11.51

8.15
18.34
6.76
9.05
16.66
8.30
8.70
17.43
7.71

Texas
Early and midseason ....................................................
Fresh .......................................................................
Processing ...............................................................
Valencia .......................................................................
Fresh .......................................................................
Processing ...............................................................
All ................................................................................
Fresh .......................................................................
Processing ...............................................................

(NA)
(D)
(NA)
(NA)
(D)
(NA)
(NA)
(D)
(NA)

19.56
(D)
(D)
14.80
(D)
(D)
18.85
(D)
(D)

17.81
(D)
(D)
13.03
(D)
(D)
17.10
(D)
(D)

(NA)
(D)
(NA)
(NA)
(D)
(NA)
(NA)
(D)
(NA)

8.84
(D)
(D)
17.41
(D)
(D)
13.08
(D)
(D)

7.04
(D)
(D)
15.63
(D)
(D)
11.30
(D)
(D)

United States
Early, midseason, and Navel ........................................
Fresh .......................................................................
Processing ...............................................................
Valencia .......................................................................
Fresh .......................................................................
Processing ...............................................................
All ................................................................................
Fresh .......................................................................
Processing ...............................................................

(NA)
39.10
(NA)
(NA)
36.20
(NA)
(NA)
38.80
(NA)

20.26
28.41
10.00
16.94
29.32
13.40
19.00
28.59
11.76

17.02
25.45
6.40
13.34
26.23
9.66
15.62
25.60
8.09

(NA)
33.80
(NA)
(NA)
36.30
(NA)
(NA)
34.10
(NA)

17.20
22.73
5.19
14.27
20.22
10.77
16.38
22.29
7.64

14.02
19.68
1.73
10.81
17.14
7.09
13.12
19.23
4.08

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(NA) Not available.

18

Citrus Fruits 2023 Summary (August 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Marketing Year Average Prices Received for Grapefruit – States and United States: 2021-2022
and 2022-2023
State, type,
and utilization

2021-2022

2022-2023

FOB
packed

Equiv.
PHD

Equiv.
on-tree

FOB
packed

Equiv.
PHD

Equiv.
on-tree

(dollars per box)

(dollars per box)

(dollars per box)

(dollars per box)

(dollars per box)

(dollars per box)

California 1 ......................................
Fresh ...........................................
Processing ...................................

(NA)
(D)
(NA)

13.02
(D)
(D)

9.59
(D)
(D)

(NA)
(D)
(NA)

17.91
(D)
(D)

14.79
(D)
(D)

Florida ............................................
Fresh .......................................
Processing ...............................

(NA)
40.90
(NA)

21.14
28.05
12.76

17.64
25.05
8.65

(NA)
46.10
(NA)

25.80
33.26
15.10

22.25
30.26
10.75

Texas ..............................................
Fresh ...........................................
Processing ...................................

(NA)
(D)
(NA)

19.97
(D)
(D)

18.43
(D)
(D)

(NA)
(D)
(NA)

22.93
(D)
(D)

21.38
(D)
(D)

United States 1 ...............................
Fresh ...........................................
Processing ...................................

(NA)
41.70
(NA)

17.27
31.00
4.75

14.18
28.44
1.16

(NA)
40.30
(NA)

21.08
29.98
5.39

18.30
27.51
2.07

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(NA) Not available.
1
Includes pummelos.

Citrus Fruits 2023 Summary (August 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

19

Marketing Year Average Prices Received for Lemons, Tangerines and Mandarins – States and
United States: 2021-2022 and 2022-2023
Crop, State,
and utilization

2021-2022

2022-2023

FOB
packed

Equiv.
PHD

Equiv.
on-tree

FOB
packed

Equiv.
PHD

Equiv.
on-tree

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

(dollars per
box)

Lemons
Arizona ...............................................................
Fresh ..............................................................
Processing ......................................................

(NA)
(D)
(NA)

25.21
(D)
(D)

18.75
(D)
(D)

(NA)
(D)
(NA)

22.80
(D)
(D)

16.05
(D)
(D)

California ............................................................
Fresh ..............................................................
Processing ......................................................

(NA)
(D)
(NA)

22.02
(D)
(D)

15.60
(D)
(D)

(NA)
(D)
(NA)

22.00
(D)
(D)

15.30
(D)
(D)

United States ......................................................
Fresh ..............................................................
Processing ......................................................

(NA)
(D)
(NA)

22.17
(D)
(D)

15.74
(D)
(D)

(NA)
(D)
(NA)

22.04
(D)
(D)

15.33
(D)
(D)

Tangerines and mandarins 1
California ............................................................
Fresh ..............................................................
Processing ......................................................

(NA)
(D)
(NA)

38.94
(D)
(D)

35.25
(D)
(D)

(NA)
(D)
(NA)

33.24
(D)
(D)

29.37
(D)
(D)

Florida .................................................................
Fresh ..............................................................
Processing ......................................................

(NA)
60.00
(NA)

31.51
44.05
8.70

25.58
38.10
2.80

(NA)
70.10
(NA)

39.60
54.10
6.10

33.63
48.10
0.20

United States ......................................................
Fresh ..............................................................
Processing ......................................................

(NA)
64.04
(NA)

38.64
54.30
0.01

34.85
51.03
-5.03

(NA)
57.36
(NA)

33.37
46.96
2.21

29.45
43.61
-3.01

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(NA) Not available.
1
Includes tangelos.

20

Citrus Fruits 2023 Summary (August 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Terms and Definitions
Citrus crop year: Begins with the bloom of the first year listed and ends with the year harvest is completed.
Equivalent on-tree (EOT) price: Represents the PHD price minus picking and hauling costs.
Freight on board (FOB) price: A commercial price term that signifies a contractual agreement between a buyer and a
seller to have the subject of a sale delivered to a designated place, usually either the "place of shipment" or the "place of
destination," without expense to the buyer. This term indicates delivery will be made on board or into a carrier by the
shipper without charge. The abbreviation FOB is usually followed by a shipping point or destination. Reports from fresh
fruit sales organizations and from citrus packers provide data for an average FOB price.
Packinghouse door (PHD) price: The packinghouse door in generally referred to as the point of first sale. PHD prices
are calculated by subtracting costs incurred through the packinghouse from the FOB price. These costs may include
sorting, grading, packing, cooling, etc.
Marketing Year Average Prices and Value of Production
State level marketing year average (MYA), or price per box, for fresh and processed sales are the weighted average of
monthly sales that occur during a crop's marketing season, adjusted to the packinghouse-door level. The "all" sales MYA
price is derived by dividing the "all" sales value by the "all" sales boxes. MYA prices at the United States level for
commodities with different State box weights are computed as follows:
Fresh Market MYAP

=

Σ(State Fresh Value * State Box Weight)
Σ(State Fresh Boxes * State Box Weight)

Process Market MYAP

=

Σ(State Process Value * State Box Weight)
Σ(State Process Boxes * State Box Weight)

"All" Sales MYAP

=

Σ(State All Value * State Box Weight)
Σ(State All Boxes * State Box Weight)

For commodities with the same box weights across all States, the United States MYA prices are derived by dividing the
sum of States’ values by the sum of States' boxes.
United States value of production for a given commodity is the sum of the States’ values for that commodity. The State
level value of production for each commodity is computed as follows:
Fresh Market Value

=

Fresh Market MYAP * Fresh Market Boxes

Process Market Value

=

Process Market MYAP * Process Market Boxes

"All" Sales Value

=

Fresh Market Value + Process Market Value

Citrus prices are based on weighted average FOB packed prices received for fresh fruit and weighted average prices
received at the processing plant door for processing fruit. Equivalent returns for fresh and processed fruit are calculated at
the packinghouse-door level by deducting sorting, grading, packing, cooling, marketing, and other costs from the two base
prices. In some cases, this results in negative returns.

Citrus Fruits 2023 Summary (August 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

21

Box Weights by Crop - States: 2020-2021, 2021-2022, and 2022-2023
State

Crop year
2020-2021

2021-2022

2022-2023

(pounds)

(pounds)

(pounds)

Oranges
California .........................................................................
Florida .............................................................................
Texas ..............................................................................

80
90
85

80
90
85

80
90
85

Grapefruit
California 1 ......................................................................
Florida .............................................................................
Texas ..............................................................................

80
85
80

80
85
80

80
85
80

Lemons
Arizona ...........................................................................
California .........................................................................

80
80

80
80

80
80

Tangerines and mandarins 2
California .........................................................................
Florida .............................................................................

80
95

80
95

80
95

1
2

Includes pummelos.
Includes tangelos.

22

Citrus Fruits 2023 Summary (August 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Marketing Seasons
Oranges, Early, midseason, and Navel:
California ........................................................................................................................................... October 1 to June 15
Florida ............................................................................................................................................ October 1 to March 31
Texas ................................................................................................................................................ October 1 to April 30
Oranges, Valencia:
California ...................................................................................................................................... March 15 to October 31
Florida ................................................................................................................................................ January 1 to July 31
Texas ............................................................................................................................................... January 15 to May 31
Grapefruit:
California (including pummelos) ............................................................................................ November 1 to October 31
Florida ......................................................................................................................................... September 15 to June 30
Texas ................................................................................................................................................. October 1 to May 31
Lemons:
Arizona ................................................................................................................................... September 1 to February 28
California ............................................................................................................................................. August 1 to July 31
Tangerines and mandarins (including tangelos):
California ........................................................................................................................................... October 1 to May 15
Florida ........................................................................................................................................ September 15 to April 30
Statistical Methodology
Survey Procedures: Grower and objective measurement surveys are used to collect acreage, production, yield, price, and
value data. Grower surveys are conducted by mail, telephone, and personal interview. Objective measurement data is
collected in citrus groves.
Estimating Procedures: Information obtained from the citrus grower and objective measurement surveys along with
administrative data is used to establish estimates of bearing acres, production, yield, price, and value. These estimates are
reviewed for errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates.
Revision Policy: Current season estimates are open for revision in April and August.
Reliability: The citrus grower surveys are subject to non-sampling errors such as omission, duplication, and mistakes in
reporting, recording, and processing the data. These errors cannot be measured directly, but are minimized through rigid
quality controls in the data collection process and a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness.

Citrus Fruits 2023 Summary (August 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

23

Information Contacts
Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact
for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to [email protected]
Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch ....................................................................................................... (202) 720-2127
Fleming Gibson, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section................................................. (202) 720-2127
Deonne Holiday – Almonds, Carrots, Coffee, Cranberries, Garlic, Onions,
Plums, Prunes, Tobacco ............................................................................................................. (202) 720-4288
Bret Holliman – Apricots, Chickpeas, Nectarines, Peaches, Snap Beans,
Sweet Corn, Tomatoes ............................................................................................................... (202) 720-7235
Robert Little – Blueberries, Cabbage, Dry Beans, Lettuce, Macadamia,
Maple Syrup, Pears, Raspberries, Spinach ................................................................................ (202) 720-3250
Krishna Rizal – Artichokes, Asparagus, Celery, Grapefruit, Kiwifruit, Lemons,
Mandarins and tangerines, Mint, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges, Pistachios ............................. (202) 720-5412
Chris Singh – Apples, Cucumbers, Hazelnuts, Potatoes, Pumpkins,
Squash, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes ................................................. (202) 720-4285
Antonio Torres – Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Grapes, Green Peas,
Honeydews, Lentils, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Walnuts, Watermelons ........................... (202) 720-2157
Chris Wallace – Avocados, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cauliflower,
Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Hops, Papayas, Pecans ....................................................... (202) 720-4215

24

Citrus Fruits 2023 Summary (August 2023)
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Access to NASS Reports
For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways:
➢ All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov.
➢ Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e-mail subscription. To set-up this free
subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on “National” or “State” in upper right corner above “search”
box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive.
➢ Cornell’s Mann Library has launched a new website housing NASS’s and other agency’s archived reports. The
new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. All email subscriptions containing reports will be sent from the new
website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. To continue receiving the reports via e-mail, you will have to go to the
new website, create a new account and re-subscribe to the reports. If you need instructions to set up an account or
subscribe, they are located at: https://usda.library.cornell.edu/help. You should whitelist [email protected] in your email client to avoid the emails going into spam/junk folders.
For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540,
7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: [email protected].
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for
employment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where
applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's
income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic information in employment or in any program
or activity conducted or funded by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs and/or
employment activities.)
If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination, complete the USDA Program Discrimination
Complaint Form (PDF), found online at www.ascr.usda.gov/filing-program-discrimination-complaint-usda-customer, or
at any USDA office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may also write a letter containing all of the
information requested in the form. Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Director, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax
(202) 690-7442 or email at [email protected].