Performance Progress Report

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OMB Control No.: 0970-0566
Expiration Date: 07/31/2029

Information from the annual Administration for Children and Families (ACF) performance progress report (PPR) will be used by the Office of Family Assistance (OFA) to meet grants management requirements and by grant recipients themselves to self-monitor progress and challenges (continuous quality improvement (CQI)). Annual progress reports are due within 30 days of the end of each 12-month reporting period, which is:

    • Reporting Period: September 30 – September 29; Report Due: October 30
The PPR consists of the following three parts, with both qualitative and quantitative descriptions of program performance:
Part 1:  ACF PPR Cover Page 
Part 2:  Appendix B – Qualitative (narrative) and quantitative (numeric) description of program indicators:
B-01	Performance Narrative
B-02	Major Activities and Accomplishments 
B-03	Problems
B-04	Significant Findings and Events
B-05	Dissemination Activities
B-06	Other Activities
B-07	Activities Planned for the Next Reporting Period
B-08	Selected Participant Outcomes
Part 3:  Federal Financial Report (FFR) SF-425
Found at: https://acf.gov/grants/manage-grant/reporting. 
Please address each reporting area. Once you complete the PPR packet, upload it, along with the ACF PPR Cover Page, as a Grant Note in GrantSolutions. Please contact your OFA Federal Program Specialist for additional guidance.

Part 1: ACF PPR Cover Page

ACF PPR Cover Page

Item
Data Element
Response
1.
Federal Agency and Organization Element to Which Report is Submitted

2.
Federal Grant or Other Identifying Number Assigned by the Awarding Federal Agency

3a. 
Unique Entity Identifier (UEI)

3b.
EIN

4.
Recipient Organization 
(Name and complete address including zip code)

5.
Recipient Identifying Number or Account Number

6.
Project/Grant Period Start Date 
(Month, Day, Year)

6.
Project/Grant Period End Date
(Month, Day, Year)

7.
Reporting Period End Date
(Month, Day, Year)

8.
Final Report?

9.
Report Frequency (Annual, Semi-annual, Quarterly, Other (describe)) 

10.
Performance Narrative

11.
Certification: I certify to the best of my knowledge and belief that this report is correct and complete for performance of activities for the purposes set forth in the award documents.

11a.
Typed or Printed Name and Title of Authorized Certifying Official

11b.
Signature of Authorized Certifying Official

11c.
Telephone (Area code and number, extension)

11d.
Email Address

11e.
Date Report Submitted (Month, Day, Year)

12.
Agency use only




OMB Approval Number: 0970-0406
Expiration Date: 03/31/2029



Item
Data Elements
Cover Page Instructions
1.
Awarding Federal Agency and Organizational Element to Which Report is Submitted
Enter the name of the awarding Federal agency and organizational element identified in the award document or otherwise instructed by the agency. The organizational element is the sub-agency within an awarding Federal agency.
2.
Federal Grant or Other Identifying Number Assigned by the Awarding Federal Agency
Enter the grant/award number contained in the award document.
3a. 
Unique Entity Identifier (UEI)
Enter the recipient organization’s Unique Entity Identifier (UEI) assigned by the System for Award Management (SAM). 
3b.
EIN
Enter the recipient organization’s Employer Identification Number (EIN) provided by the Internal Revenue Service.
4.
Recipient Organization
Enter the name of recipient organization and address, including zip code. 
5.
Recipient Account Number or Account Number
Enter the account number or any other identifying number assigned by the recipient to the award. This number is strictly for the recipient’s use only and is not required by the awarding Federal agency. 
6.
Project/Grant Period 
Indicate the project/grant period established in the award document during which Federal sponsorship begins and ends. Note: Some agencies award multi-year grants for a project/grant period (e.g. 5 years) that are funded in increments known as budget periods or funding periods. These are typically annual increments. Please enter the project/grant period, not the budget period or funding period. 
7.
Reporting Period End Date
Enter the ending date of the reporting period. For quarterly, semi-annual, and annual reports, the following calendar quarter period end dates shall be used: 3/31; 6/30; 9/30; and 12/31. For final PPRs, the reporting period end date shall be the end of the project/grant period. The frequency of required reporting is usually established in the award document. 
8.
Final Report
Mark appropriate box. Check “yes” only if this is the final report for the project/grant period specified in Box 6. 
9.
Report or Frequency
Select the appropriate term corresponding to the requirements contained in the award document. “Other” may be used when more frequent reporting is required for high-risk recipients, as specified in OMB Circular A-110. 
10.
Performance Narrative
Leave blank and complete HMRF PPR Appendix B—Program Indicators

Part 2: Appendix B – PROGRAM INDICATORS


B-01 PERFORMANCE NARRATIVE
1. Target population
Describe the population(s) your program intends to serve. Did you serve the intended population(s) during the reporting period? Review the information in Table B-01.1. The Applicant Characteristics tab of the nFORM query tool provides additional demographic information about the population your program is serving. 


Table B-01.1.  Demographic characteristics
Percent of applicants
1.  Sex

a.	Female

b.	Male

2.  Age

a.	13 – 15 years

b.	16 – 17 years

c.	18 – 20 years
Blank
d.	21 – 24 years
Blank
e.	25 – 34 years
Blank
f.	35 – 44 years
Blank
g.	45 – 54 years
Blank
h.	55 years or older
Blank


2. Program services (except for economic stability and/or job and career advancement)
Describe all program components, except for economic stability and/or job and career advancement services, which will be covered in the next section. For RF grant recipients that serve reentering individuals, specify which services are pre-release and which are post-release. Please include the following information in the description:
    • Workshops, including curriculum(a) name, number of hours offered, frequency of sessions, format, and whether enrollment is cohort-based or rolling
    • If services are offered in schools
    • Individual-level contacts, including type, frequency, and purpose
    • Incentives provided for enrollment, participation, and survey completion
    • Program supports provided, such as gas cards or bus tokens to get to workshops

3. Economic stability and/or job and career advancement services
Describe your program’s economic stability and/or job and career advancement services. For RF grant recipients serving reentering fathers, specify which services are pre-release and which are post-release. Please include the following information in the description:
    • Employment services offered to participants in need of employment, including the process to identify and create employment opportunities
    • Job-driven employment, if offered, and the policies, procedures, and requirements for placing participants
    • Subsidized employment, if offered, and the policies, procedures, and requirements for placing participants
    • Other economic well-being services specified in the NOFO, such as job training, job placement, or resume writing


4. Staffing
Describe the responsibilities of your project director, project manager, facilitators, case managers, employment specialists, recruitment specialists, data managers, continuous quality improvement (CQI) lead, and other key staff. Indicate whether staff have dedicated or multiple roles within the program, or work on multiple programs within your organization. Describe how the program ensures adequate staff time is dedicated to roles and responsibilities.
Describe any staff positions that were lost, any that are currently vacant, and your plan to fill each vacancy. Please include any useful context for the information in Table B-01.2.


Table B-01.2. Staff hiring and turnover 
Grant-funded staff position during reporting period
Number on first day
Number added
Number who left position
Total at end of reporting period

Full time
Part time
Full time
Part time
Full time
Part time
Full time
Part time
1.	Project director








2.	Project manager








3.	Facilitators








4.	Case managers








5.	Employment specialists








6.	Recruitment specialists








7.	Data managers








8.	Other staff








Total










5. Partners
List program partners (specify those with MOUs) and their roles and responsibilities for program implementation.

B-02	MAJOR ACTIVITIES & ACCOMPLISHMENTS
1. Recruitment methods and strategies
Describe your recruitment strategies and approaches, including any changes, during this reporting period. Provide any useful context for the performance measures in Tables B-02.1, B-02.2, and B-02.3, such as whether your program is receiving referrals from the expected sources and has sufficient staff for recruitment.
Also describe whether potential clients are hearing about the program as expected, and their primary reasons for enrolling. This additional information is available on the Enrollment tab of the nFORM query tool. 


Table B-02.1. Three recruitment methods used most frequently during reporting period
1.	Phone, mail, or email
Blank
2.	Social media

3.	Street outreach (recruiting people in person in their neighborhoods or places they frequent)
Blank
4.	Referrals from inside your organization

5.	Referrals from external organizations
Blank
6.	On-site recruitment at external agencies or events
Blank
7.	Other
Blank

Table B-02.2. Five types of organizations or other sources that provided the most referrals during reporting period
Blank
1.  Health, education, employment, and faith-based
a.	Hospitals, maternity clinics, or doctors’ offices

b.	Schools

c.	Head Start

d.	Healthy Start

e.	Employment assistance centers or one-stops

f.	Community support agencies or community centers

g.	Places of worship

2.  Child support and public assistance
a.	Child support agencies (voluntary enrollment)

b.	Child support agencies (court ordered to enroll in a program like this)

c.	Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) offices

d.	Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) agencies

3.  Child welfare
a.	Child protective services (voluntary enrollment)

b.	Child protective services (court ordered to enroll in a program like this)

c.	Other child welfare agencies (voluntary enrollment)
Blank
d.	Other child welfare agencies (court ordered to enroll in a program like this)
Blank
4.  Criminal justice
a.	Probation and parole

b.	Correctional facilities

5.  Other
a.	Self-referrals

b.	Other

c.	Did not receive referrals in reporting period




Table B-02.3 Recruitment staff during reporting period
Full time staff
Part time staff
Total staff
1.	Total recruitment specialists at end of reporting period 



2.	If grant does not have recruitment specialists, number of program staff who conducted recruitment as part of their job responsibilities 





2. Program enrollment
Describe your program's progress toward meeting enrollment targets. Please include any useful context for the performance measures in Table B-02.4, such as the following: 
    • If you are not meeting your enrollment target(s), the challenges you are experiencing and plans to address them
    • If you are exceeding your target(s), please describe what you think is contributing to your success—including both program-related and contextual (that is, non-program-related) factors.
    • If you are enrolling clients in a population for which you have not set targets, explain why and whether your program plans to adjust the population(s) it intends to serve.
    • If you primarily serve clients on an academic calendar, and if so, whether progress toward enrollment targets should be viewed on that timeframe.


Table B-02.4. Enrollment targets and actual enrollment
Number of adult couplesa
Number of adult individuals
Number of youth
1.	Enrollment target for the grant year
Blank
Blank
Blank
2.	Enrolled since beginning of grant year through end of reporting period
Blank
Blank
Blank
3.	Percent of grant-year target met to date 



4.	Enrolled since beginning of academic year through end of academic yearb (READY4Life grants only)


Blank
5.   Percent of grant-year target met to date, based on academic year enrollment (READY4 Life grants only) 



aThe number of adult couples is the number of couple units.
bPerformance in rows 4 and 5 is calculated on an academic calendar (7/1-6/30). 

3. Addressing domestic violence (DV) or intimate partner violence (IPV)
Please describe the following:
    • Any useful context for the information in Table B-02.5, which presents the number and percentage of clients receiving DV/IPV services
    • Whether the grantee has a written plan to respond to possible disclosures of DV/IPV or teen dating violence. If yes, please provide a copy with this report


Table B-02.5. Domestic violence or intimate partner violence services
Number
Percent
1.	Number and proportion of clients who received DV/IPV information or resources during service contacts 
Blank
Blank

4. Program participation
Please describe program initiation and retention. Please include any useful context for the performance measures in Tables B-02.6 through B-02.10, and participation information in nFORM’s query tool (Grant Year Overview, Individual Services, and Workshop Participation tabs). Please describe:
Program initiation
    • Strategies planned or being implemented to engage clients in services within two weeks of program enrollment.
    • Reasons why program initiation is lower than expected or desired, if relevant. Consider program-related factors (such as, workshop schedule) as well as non-program-related (contextual) factors (such as, client barriers to participation). Describe your current or planned efforts to increase program initiation.
    • Reasons why program initiation is higher than expected, if relevant. Consider program-related and non- program-related (contextual) factors. Identify any promising practices you think may be contributing to your success in getting clients to begin services.
Retention
    • Strategies planned or being implemented to ensure clients complete the workshops in which they have enrolled, and that they receive as many individual service contacts as necessary.
    • Reasons why program retention is lower than expected or desired, if relevant. Consider program-related factors as well as non-program-related (contextual) factors. Describe your current or planned efforts to increase program retention, such as referring clients to additional services.
    • Reasons why program retention is higher than expected, if relevant. Consider program-related and non- program-related (contextual) factors. Identify any promising practices you think may be contributing to your success in getting participants to regularly attend and complete program services.
    • Whether your program primarily serves clients on an academic calendar, and progress toward primary workshop participation targets should be viewed on that timeframe. 


Table B-02.6.  Achievement of participation benchmarks during reporting period
Adult individuals
Count of clients achieving benchmark in current grant year
Target count of clients for benchmark (TGT)
Percent of target met (PCT=
TC/TGT)
Benchmarks for participation in primary workshops (BP)
Clients enrolled in grant year 1
(GY1)
Clients enrolled in grant year 2
(GY2)
Clients enrolled in grant year 3 (GY3)
Clients enrolled in grant year 4 (GY4)
Clients enrolled in grant year 5 (GY5)
Total clients
(TC=sum of all GYs)


1.	Initial attendees: Attended at least one primary workshop session








2.	Halfway attendees: Attended at least 50% of primary workshop hours








3.	Completed clients: Attended at least 90% of primary workshop hours








4.	Fully finished clients: Attended at least 100% of primary workshop hours








NOTE: This table includes clients/couples enrolled from the start of grant year 1 through the reporting period end date who achieved at least one benchmark during the reporting period; only clients in populations with benchmark targets in the reporting period are included. This table repeats for each applicable population. For READY4Life grants, the table repeats with performance calculated on an academic calendar (7/1-6/30). 
Column (BP) lists ACF’s benchmarks for client participation in primary workshops (column TGT). 
Columns (GY1) to (GY5) include the count of clients enrolled in each grant year who achieved at least one benchmark in the reporting period. Participation for those enrolled in the reporting period is measured cumulatively; for example, fully finished clients are also counted towards every other benchmark.
Column (TC) is the total count of clients who achieved each benchmark in the reporting period, regardless of when they enrolled (sum of all GY columns).
Column (TGT) is the grant’s target for the number of clients who will achieve each benchmark in the reporting period, regardless of when they enrolled.
Column (PCT) is the percent of the target met for each participation benchmark.

Table B-02.7.  Cumulative participation in primary workshop hours through end of reporting period
Adult individuals
Participation of clients who attended at least one primary workshop session
Target hours (current grant year)
Average hours
Average percent
1.	Grant year 5— Participation in primary workshop hours for clients enrolled in grant year 5



2.	Grant year 4— Participation in primary workshop hours for clients enrolled in grant year 4



3.	Grant year 3— Participation in primary workshop hours for clients enrolled in grant year 3



4.	Grant year 2— Participation in primary workshop hours for clients enrolled in grant year 2



5.	Grant year 1— Participation in primary workshop hours for clients enrolled in grant year 1



NOTE: This table (including footnotes) repeats for each applicable population. This table includes clients/couples enrolled from the start of grant year 1 through the reporting period end date who have attended at least one primary workshop session. This table reports participation in all session series, both series that are completed and series that are still in progress, where attendance has been fully recorded. 
Table B-02.8.	Cumulative progress through end of reporting period 
Adult individuals
Retention and completion for clients enrolled in grant year
Count of enrollees
Count of initial attenders
Percent of initial attenders
Count of initial attenders who attended at least 90% of target hours
Percent of initial attenders who attended at least 90% of target hours
1.	Grant year 5





2.	Grant year 4





3.	Grant year 3





4.	Grant year 2





5.	Grant year 1





NOTE: This table (including footnotes) repeats for each applicable population. The workshop participation columns in this table report participation in all session series, both series that are completed and series that are still in progress, where attendance has been fully recorded.

Table B-02.9. Client receipt of substantive individual service contacts (ISCs)
Cumulative number of substantive ISCs received
Adult couples
Adult individuals
Youth

Count
Percent
Count
Percent
Count
Percent
1.	None






2.	One to four






3.	Five to seven






4.	Eight or more






Note: The numerator for percentage calculations of substantive individual service contacts received (and the value in the # column(s)) is the count of enrolled clients/couples who have received the specified range of substantive individual service contacts; contacts before and since enrollment are included. The denominator for percentage calculations is all clients/couples in the identified population enrolled since the start of grant year 1, whether or not they have received substantive individual service contacts.
Table B-02.10. Average cumulative number of substantive ISCs received per client/couple through end of reporting period
Average cumulative number received per client/couple through end of reporting period
Adult couples
Adult individuals
Youth

Average count
Average count
Average count
1.	Enrolled across all grant years



2.	Enrolled in grant year 5



3.	Enrolled in grant year 4



4.	Enrolled in grant year 3



5.	Enrolled in grant year 2



6.	Enrolled in grant year 1



Note: The numerator for calculations of average substantive individual service contacts received is the cumulative count of substantive individual service contacts received by all clients/couples in the specified population who were enrolled in the specified grant year. The denominator for average calculations is all clients/couples in the identified population enrolled in the specified grant year, whether or not they have received substantive individual service contacts.

5. Quality assurance and monitoring (continuous quality improvement [CQI])
Describe your program’s quality assurance and monitoring, including training and supervision. Please include any useful context for the performance measures in Table B-01.11 through Table B-01.15, such as whether staff are trained, supervised, and their work observed as intended, and whether average caseloads meet expectations for service delivery. Describe current CQI initiatives and improvement goals and indicate who on your program’s staff serves as the CQI team lead.


Table B-02.11. Staff training in reporting period
Number
1.	Number of staff receiving initial training on program curriculum(a)

2.	Number of staff receiving follow-up or refresher training on program curriculum(a)

3.	Number of staff receiving training other than on program curriculum(a)

Table B-02.12. Observation of facilitators in reporting period 
Number of facilitators observed by a supervisor or another experienced facilitator 
Number
1.	Facilitators hired in reporting period

2.	Experienced facilitators

Table B-02.13. Staff supervision in reporting period 
Average frequency of one-on-one meetings between each type of staff and their supervisors 
Two or more times per month
Once a month or less
Not in reporting period
1.	Project manager



2.	Facilitators



3.	Case managers



4.	Employment specialists



5.	Recruitment specialists



6.	Data managers



7.	Other staff






Table B-02.14. Continuous quality improvement meetings in reporting period
Two or more times per month
Once a month or less
Not in reporting period
1.	Average frequency of meetings focused on continuous quality improvement




Table B-02.15. Caseloads
Average
1.	Average number of participants assigned to each case manager
 
6. Local program evaluation (if applicable)
Describe activities and accomplishments pertaining to the design and execution of your local program evaluation. Discuss whether participation in the evaluation is meeting expectations, and whether characteristics of participants assigned to treatment and control groups meet baseline equivalence standards. If your local evaluation assigns participants to control or control waitlist groups that do not receive services, indicate how many participants are in each such group. (Control group clients that do not receive services are not included in performance measures tables in this report.) 

B-03	PROBLEMS
1. Implementation challenges 
Describe any current or expected deviations or departures from the original project plan, including actual/anticipated slippage in task completion dates, and special problems encountered or expected. Please include any useful context for the performance measures in Table B-03.1. For any response categorized as a challenge, please describe the nature of the problem and any proposed solutions.


Table B-03.1. Common Implementation Challenges in reporting period 
Whether each of the following has been a challenge 
Yes
No
    1. Client recruitment and participation


a.	Obtaining referrals from external organizations


b.	Recruiting clients


c.	Enrolling the intended population


d.	Getting clients to start participating in services


e.	Keeping clients engaged during sessions


f.	Getting clients to complete the program


    2. Staffing


a.	Hiring qualified staff


b.	Maintaining staff performance


c.	Retaining staff


    3. Services


a.	Covering all program content in the time allotted


b.	Implementing curriculum with fidelity


c.	Working with service delivery partners


d.	Providing case management services


    4. Data collection and reporting


a.	Getting clients to complete entrance or exit surveys


b.	Entering and reporting data


    5. Other


a.	Having adequate program facilities


b.	Experiencing extreme weather or natural disasters




2. Technical assistance needs
Describe any guidance or technical assistance you would like to help address current or anticipated challenges.

B-04	SIGNIFICANT FINDINGS & EVENTS
Describe other major activities and accomplishments that happened during the reporting period, not included elsewhere in the narrative, such as sustainability activities. Additionally, please include any “good news”, such as inspiring stories or experiences that clients or staff have shared about your program. OFA will use this information to better understand how HMRF programs can influence clients and staff. These stories may be shared in newsletters, social media, other stakeholders, and ACF leadership. If your story is selected for dissemination, you may be contacted to provide additional information. As a reminder, do not include names or other personally identifiable information (PII) in your report.



 B-05	DISSEMINATION ACTIVITIES
Please describe the following:
    • Your program’s advertising, marketing, and dissemination activities, including any newspaper, newsletter, magazine articles, or other published materials relevant to your project's activities, or used for marketing purposes 
    • Any useful context for the performance measures in Table B-05.1, such as whether advertising and marketing activities were conducted as expected
    • Dissemination activities this reporting period.


Table B-05.1. Three types of advertising most frequently purchased, earned, donated, or conducted during reporting period 
1.	Newspaper ads or publicity

2.	TV spots

3.	Billboards, including those on public transportation or bus stop (that is, bench ads)

4.	Radio ads or announcements

5.	Internet ads

6.	Social media

7.	Flyers

8.	Presentations to external organizations

9.	Word-of-mouth campaign/outreach by program graduates

10.	Other


B-06	OTHER ACTIVITIES
Describe other activities that are a part of your program. Please indicate whether the program activity is supported by the OFA grant, another funding source, or provided in-kind through another source. Please name the source of any activities provided in-kind or by other funding.

B-07	ACTIVITIES PLANNED FOR NEXT REPORTING PERIOD
In the table provided below, please list the key activities you plan to engage in over the next six months, and a general timeline for completion. Activities may be related to:
    • Marketing, outreach, and recruitment
    • Program enrollment
    • Engaging clients in their first program service
    • Retaining clients in program services
    • Service delivery
    • Staffing
    • Quality assurance and monitoring program operations (continuous quality improvement)
    • Data collection and data entry
    • Program evaluation



Planned Activity
Timeline







B-08	SELECTED PARTICIPANT OUTCOMES
Please review the client outcomes at program exit in the table below, and other exit outcomes that are relevant to your program’s goals. Please provide your interpretation of key outcomes and additional useful context, such as whether clients’ outcomes at program exit are as expected. 


Table B-08. Participant Outcomes 
HM Adult Grants Only

Selected outcomes at program exit: 
HM adult couple and individual clients 
Average score at exit
Range
Number of respondents
1.	Relationships/Marriage: 
Relationship satisfaction



a.	Satisfaction with current relationship

1 (very satisfied) to 3 (not at all satisfied)

2.	Parenting



a.	Nurturing parenting (such as feeling very close to child and comforting child)

1 (never) to 4 (often)

3.	Job and career advancement: 
Job acquisition skills



a.	Confident in job search skills

1 (strongly agree) to 4 (strongly disagree)

4.	Program perceptions



a.	How often learned about communication skills during the program

1 (never) to 3 (often)

b.	Overall, how helpful the program was

1 (not at all) to 5 (extremely helpful)



HM Youth Grants Only

Selected outcomes at program exit: 
HM youth clients
Average score at exit
Range
Number of respondents
1.	Marriage and relationship attitudes: 
Expectations



a.	Expect to have a healthy marriage with one person for life
Blank
1 (almost no chance) to 5 (almost certain chance)
Blank
2.	Relationship skills



a.	Confidence in relationship skills, such as confidence in having a healthy relationship and being able to recognize the warning signs of a bad relationship

1 (strongly agree) to 4 (strongly disagree)

3.	Program perceptions



a.	How often learned about communication skills during the program

1 (never) to 3 (often)

b.	Overall, how helpful the program was

1 (not at all) to 5 (extremely helpful)


RF Grants Only
Selected outcomes at program exit: 
RF community clients
Average score at exit
Range
Number of respondents
1.	Parenting: Contact with child in past month



a.	Lives with child, saw child in the past month, or reached out to youngest child in the past month (%)

0–100

2.	Coparenting/relationships



a.	Collaborative coparenting, such as the other parent or coparent undermines me as a parent, makes it hard for me to spend time or talk with child, or the other parent and I make joint decisions about child, or respect each other’s decisions about child

1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree)

3.	Economic stability: Job acquisition skills



a.	Confident in job search skills

1 (strongly agree) to 4 (strongly disagree)

4.	Program perceptions



a.	How often learned about communication skills during the program

1 (never) to 3 (often)

b.	Overall, how helpful the program was

1 (not at all) to 5 (extremely helpful)


Selected outcomes at program exit: 
RF reentering clients
Average score at exit
Range
Number of respondents
1.	Parenting: 
Contact with child in past month



a.	Saw in person, spoke on the phone, or wrote to youngest child in past month (%)

0–100

2.	Coparenting/relationships



a.	Collaborative coparenting, such as the other parent or coparent contradicts my decisions, or the other parent and I make joint decisions about child, or respect each other’s decisions about child

1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree)

3.	Economic stability



a.	Has a job or has participated in education or job training in past month (%)

0–100

4.	Program perceptions



a.	How often learned about communication skills during the program

1 (never) to 3 (often)

b.	Overall, how helpful the program was

1 (not at all) to 5 (extremely helpful)